DE1541961C

DE1541961C - Multi-chamber klystron with a focusing system

Info

Publication number: DE1541961C
Authority: DE
Inventors: Wolfgang Dr. 2000 Hamburg Schmidt
Original assignee: Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Current assignee: Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Publication date: 1972-09-21

Description

ber zur Abstimmung, die hier in dieser Zeichnung der Übersichtlichkeit halber weggelassen sind. In den evakuierten Resonatorteilen sind die Wechselwirkungsräume 13,14,15 und 16 angeordnet, deren letzter 16 auch als sogenannter Ausgangsspalt bezeichnet wird. Zwischen diesen einzelnen Wechselwirkungsräumen befinden sich die Resonatoren 7, verbindend die Triftstrecken 17,18 und 19, und hinter dem Ausgangsspalt 16 noch die Triftstrecke 20, an die sich dann der Kollektor 6 des Mehrkammerklystrons anschließt. Die Triftstrecken 5,17 und 18 sind in bekannter Weise durch elektrostatische Fokussierungssysteme unterbrochen, die eine scharfe Bündelung des Elektronenstrahls zum nächsten Wechselwirkungsspalt hin bewirken. Die elektrostatischen Fokussiereinheiten liegen an einer gemeinsamen negativen Spannung 21, die gleich dem Kathodenpotential ist.About to vote, which are omitted here in this drawing for the sake of clarity. In the The interaction spaces 13,14,15 and 16 are arranged in the evacuated resonator parts last 16 is also referred to as the so-called exit gap. Between these individual interaction spaces are the resonators 7, connecting the drift sections 17, 18 and 19, and behind the exit gap 16 is the drift path 20, to which the collector 6 of the multi-chamber klystron then attaches connects. The drift paths 5, 17 and 18 are electrostatic in a known manner Interrupted focusing systems that provide a sharp focus of the electron beam to the next Cause interaction gap. The electrostatic focusing units are on a common negative voltage 21, which is equal to the cathode potential.

Zur besseren Führung des Elektronenstrahls 4 im Ausgangsspalt 16 sind nun nach der Erfindung etwa in Höhe der Triftstrecken 19 und der Triftstrecke 20 elektro- oder permanentmagnetische Systeme 22 undFor better guidance of the electron beam 4 in the exit slit 16 are now approximately according to the invention at the level of the drift sections 19 and the drift section 20, electromagnetic or permanent magnetic systems 22 and

23 angeordnet, die ein magnetisches Feld erzeugen, dessen Feldlinien in der Zeichnung strichpunktiert dargestellt sind. Das magnetische Feld ist im wesentlichen über den Ausgangsspalt 16 konzentriert, kann aber auch über den Wechselwirkungsspalt 15 streuen. Zur besseren Führung des magnetischen Feldes können die Resonatorflansche 11 und 12 der beiden letzten evakuierten Klystronresonatorteile 8, also die des Ausgangshohlraumresonators T und des in Elektronenstrahlrichtung vor diesem liegenden Resonators 7, aus Weicheisen bestehen. Auch die nicht evakuierten Resonatorteile 9 dieser letzten beiden Resonatoren können auf ihrem äußeren Umfang, wie bei23 arranged, which generate a magnetic field, the field lines are shown in dash-dotted lines in the drawing. The magnetic field is essentially concentrated over the exit gap 16, but can also scatter over the interaction gap 15. For better guidance of the magnetic field, the resonator flanges 11 and 12 of the last two evacuated klystron resonator parts 8, i.e. those of the output cavity resonator T and the resonator 7 in front of it in the electron beam direction, are made of soft iron. The non-evacuated resonator parts 9 of these last two resonators can on their outer circumference, as in

24 angedeutet, Weicheisenteile aufweisen. Um schließlich den Elektronenstrahl besser in die Kollektorkammer 25 einzuführen, trägt der Kollektor 6 auf seiner einen Stirnfläche einen aus Weicheisen bestehenden Abdeckring 26.24 indicated, have soft iron parts. In order to finally get the electron beam better into the collector chamber 25 to introduce, the collector 6 carries on its one end face a made of soft iron Cover ring 26.

An die Resonatorflansche 11 und 12 können sich in bekannter Weise am Laufraum Polschuhe anschließen, die eine besondere Führung des magnetischen Feldes ermöglichen.Pole shoes can be connected to the resonator flanges 11 and 12 in a known manner on the running space, which allow a special guidance of the magnetic field.

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

Claims

1 2 stretches and for better guidance of the electrons Patent claims: is provided. For multi-chamber klystrons, however, is only

1. Multi-chamber klystron with a focus- exclusively either an electro- or permanent centering system for the bundled guidance of the electron- 5 magnetic or an electrostatic focusing electron beam, which has become known in the range of at least. The advantage of electrostatic two consecutive following the focusing, such as. in -. / the ■ USA. patent specification electron gun located 2,986,672, consists in the simpler up-drift section of the electrostatically acting structure of the multi-chamber klystron and in which there is a full kissing arrangement, characterized in that there is a constant absence of heavy and a ratio that the magnetic yoke system, which takes up large space in terms of focusing, at least in the area of the initial hollow parts, that is to say soft iron parts that are used to guide the '. Space resonator must be arranged from a magnetically acting magnetic field. The disadvantage of the exclusively electrostatic focusing associated with the output cavity resonator is that, with strong radiation drift paths, permanent or modulation in the last running space is formed in its Ge electromagnet. · Speed decelerated electrons - especially

2. Multi-chamber klystron according to claim 1, there- at the edge zones - in the negative potential through characterized in that the output hollow fields of the focusing electrodes are further decelerated space resonator (7 ') and possibly also the 20 or even be reflected. The slow Elekin Electron beam direction in front of this trons are selected from the beam and Resonator (7) at least partially made of soft electrodes taken up by the drift electrodes as a fault current. (' iron elements (11,12,24) exist, which in such a way They then go for the interaction in the

. are arranged and designed that a better coupling gap is lost and can also be disruptive Management of the magnetic field can be achieved. he vibration phenomena give rise to.

3. Multi-chamber klystron after one or to avoid these disadvantages suggests the several of the preceding claims, there is a better guidance of the electron beam characterized in that the collector (6) on a multi-chamber klystron of the aforementioned its type facing the exit gap (16), which is characterized in that the End face a focusing system made of soft iron, at least in the area of the cover ring (26). output cavity resonator consists of a magnetically acting focusing arrangement, which by around the drift paths associated with the output cavity resonator, permanent or electrical

'■ 35 tromagnets is formed.

Furthermore, according to the invention, the output cavity resonator and optionally also the in

The invention relates to a multi-chamber electron beam direction lying in front of this resonaclystron with a focusing system for Gebün- tor at least partially made of soft iron elements Guiding the electron beam that exist 40, which are arranged and designed in such a way rich of at least two consecutive im that better guidance of the magnetic field Connection to the electron gun can be achieved.

The collector can also be located on its output (A

kenden focusing arrangements. gap facing end face made of soft iron

Have electrostatic focussing of the electron 45 existing cover ring.
Beam in a single-chamber klystron are from the An exemplary embodiment is shown in the drawing.

U.S. Patent 2,567,674. Asked for this and is described in more detail below.
Single-chamber klystron is the electron beam that The drawing shows a multi-chamber klystron with

emerges from a large cathode, in the elec- tronic four resonators. The essential parts of this electron beam generating system by means of an electrostatic 50 multi-chamber klystrons are as follows: An electron table focusing on an exit opening of the beam generating system 1, consisting among other things of the electron beam generating system, which consists of a cathode 2 and an anode 3 to the collar a much smaller diameter than the calendering of the by dashed lines 4 indicated method of the electric beam generating system on-electron beam. Point at the end of the electron beam. Such an electrostatic focusing 55 generating system 1 is a drift path 5 angeordkann either by the special shape of the net. The running space begins behind the anode 3.
Anode, e.g. B. by the formation of the anode as on the other side of the multi-chamber klystron

Exponential funnel, or through training there is a collector6 in whose resonator? the anode into several bodies which, like a lens, collect the electron beam 4. Between the electron gun 1 and the one behind the other in the direction of the electron beam. In this known arrangement, the collector 6 of the multi-chamber klystron follows. At the end of the electron gun, there are several resonators 7, which consist of non-evacuated resonator parts 9 and evacuated resonator parts 8. , called interaction space, in which a coupling exist. The evacuated resonator parts are arranged in a loop for decoupling the power 65 in a known manner from two resonator flanges 10 and is. The known arrangement shows the use II constructed, between which there is an insulating permanent magnet, the magnetic field of which is ceramic ring 12. In the non-evacuated Äc \\ resonator parts 9 across this interaction space are the short-circuit bars