DE1537043A1 - Anti-coincidence consumer control circuit - Google Patents

Description

Anti-coincidence consumer control circuit.

Priority: United States of America, patent application dated December 7, 1966, Serial No. 559.932

This invention relates to consumer control circuit technology and in particular to an anti-coincidence load control circuit to connect one or more consumers to a common voltage source.

This invention is particularly applicable when one or two AC voltage consumers to a common AC source are to be connected so that only one consumer is connected at the same time, and the invention

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is described with reference to this application hereafter _r has the same although a · broader scope.

It is often desired that consumer control circuits have the It is possible to connect only one of several consumers to a voltage source at any time and prevent that more than one consumer is connected at the same time. For example, traffic control systems at intersections are used for this purpose to control the driving lights of a traffic light for the main and secondary roads to a common AC voltage source connect. For road safety, it is important that the main and secondary traffic lights are not voltage can be applied at the same time. Therefore, it is desirable that anti-coincidence safety circuits prevent the driving lights on joint actuation of both switching devices, which enable the connection of the two driving lights to the would make common voltage source, are connected to voltage. Such a meeting can, for example, be caused by bad Functioning of the traffic control system occur.

Known anti-coincidence controls for preventing the occurrence of the simultaneous connection of several consumers to one common voltage source, consisting of relay switch units. As a result, such circuits have a large number of moving parts, i.e. relay contacts, which are relatively short Have a service life and require frequent maintenance. Since a traffic control unit is usually twenty-four hours on

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It is in operation for days and for a whole year desirable that the controller and also the associated anti-coincidence control circuit require a minimum of maintenance.

The present invention is concerned with an anti-coincidence control, the static logic controls so that the circuit has verhSltnisiaSssig maintenance free, whereby the mentioned disadvantages and others are overcome 'control circuits of known anti-coincidence _Λ.

The ÄEiti coincidence control circuit intends to provide a consumer control circuit with at least two relatively operable switching devices for the respective connection from two consumers to a common voltage source.

According to the present invention, there is the anti-coincidence circuit of two static consumer switching elements, each of which is assigned to the two consumers, in order to put voltage on a feed circuit between the associated consumer and its selectively actuatable switching device and the voltage source to complete! two static consumer control elements, which are each assigned to the two consumers and one Normal switching state and a second state are dependent from the actuation of the associated switching device! and a common static control device operating on the switching position the two control devices for controlling the two consumer

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Switching devices responds, so that one of the consumer tax ^

facilities is energized when their associated consumer tax switching
device remains in its second / state in order to excite its associated consumer and that the consumer switching devices are not excited when both associated consumer-expensive devices are in their second switching state at the same time.

The aim of the present invention is to prevent a static anti-W coincidence control circuit for preventing simultaneous excitation of several loads by a common voltage source. :

The anti-coincidence control circuit has static solid-state switching elements in the form of semiconductors that are low in energy consume and are therefore economical to operate.

The present invention will now be based on the description of a preferred embodiment of the invention and the attached 'Drawing will be described in more detail.

The single figure is a schematic circuit diagram, which represents a preferred embodiment of the invention.

The single figure represents a preferred embodiment of the anti-coincidence control circuit that is to prevent consumers A and B from being simultaneously caused by the AC voltage source-V are excited when the two switches Sl and S2 are actuated. Of the

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15370A3

Anti-coincidence control circuit generally consists of one static control circuit C for consumer A and a 'static control circuit D for consumer B' one common static control circuit E consisting of a NOR circuit F, a Auftaststromkreis G and an oscillator circuit H; a coupling transformer Tl, and a pair of static consumer switching circuits understanding the circuit I for the consumer A and the circuit J for the consumer B.

To * facilitate understanding of solid-state circuits in the Anti-coincidence circuit, each of these circuits is briefly explained below.

CONSUMER CONTROL CIRCUIT. This is a solid state static circuit with an input and an output circuit. A positive output voltage signal, labeled a "1" signal, appears at its output circuit as long as an AC voltage signal is present at its input circuit. Otherwise appears on his Output circuit a ground voltage signal, known as the "O" signal. {

NOR CIRCUIT. This is a single-stage static solid-state gate circuit with two or more input circuits and one output circuit. A "!" Signal appears on its output circuit as long as all input circuits receive an "O" signal. If one of these input circuits receives a "1" signal, an ^M O ^M signal "appears on its output circuit.

PRESSURE CIRCUIT. This is a single-stage, static, solid-state gate circuit with an input and an output circuit. A

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^{The M} O ^M signal appears on its output circuit as long as an ^H 1 ^H - signal is applied to its input circuit and an ^M l "signal appears on its output circuit as long as an ^I * O ^M signal is applied to its input circuit. ·

OSCILLATOR CIRCLE. This is a solid state static oscillator circuit with an input circuit and an output circuit. An output frequency signal appears at its output circuit with a certain frequency as long as a "1" signal is applied to its input circuit.

CONSUMER SWITCHING CIRCUIT. This is a solid state load static circuit with an input and an output circuit. The output circuit is used to connect a consumer to a To switch on a voltage source, such as an AC voltage source, as long as a frequency signal from the oscillator circuit is at its input circuit is present.

CONSUMER CONTROL CIRCUITS

The inner circuits of consumer circuits C and D are essentially identical and therefore only circuit C will be described in more detail hereinafter, with the same components in both circuits being denoted by the same reference numbers will. The control circuit C consists of a normally non-conductive NPN transistor 10 with a base 12, a Collector 14 and an emitter 16. The emitter 16 is connected directly to ground and the collector 14 via a resistor 18

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the voltage source B +. The output signals of the consumer control circuit G are taken between ground and the collector 14 «. . -. -. ..,

The input circuit of the consumer control circuit C is connected to a resistor 20, one end of which is connected to ground and the other end to the voltage source V via a resistor 22 and a switch S1. The junction of the resistors 2Ound 22 is connected to the base of the transistor 12 via a rectifier diode 24 .10, having the composition shown in the drawing Folung, and a \ resistor 26 connected '. The connection point between the diode 24 and the resistor 26 is connected to ground via a smoothing capacitor. 28. As a result, when the switch S1 is closed, an alternating voltage is applied from the voltage source V to the input circuit of the circuit C, the resistor 20, where the voltage is rectified by the rectifier 24 and smoothed by the capacitor 28, thus creating a positive bias signal for the base 12 of the transistor Io to provide. Circuit D differs from circuit C in that it belongs to consumer B ' ⁵ and its Köpppluhgswidererstand 22 is connected to voltage source V via switch S2. '

NOR CIRCLE

The NOR circuit F is a resistor-transistor NOR circuit with two input resistors 30 and 32, which are connected to the output circuits of ^{the 1 circuits c un <} ^ 0, respectively. The connection point of the resistors 30 and 32 is to the base 34 of the normal

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wise conductive NPN transistor 36 connected. The emitter 38 the transistor 36 is connected directly to ground and the collector 40 of the transistor 36 is connected via a resistor 42 to the Voltage source B +. The output circuit of the NOR circuit F is between the collector 40 of the transistor 36 and ground.

PRESSURE CIRCUIT

• The gating circuit G has a normally non-conductive one NPN transistor 44 whose emitter 46 is directly connected to ground and its collector 48 via a resistor 50 to the voltage source B + is connected. The input circuit of the gating circuit G lies between ground and the base 52 at the output circuit of the circuit F. Resistor 54 connects collector 40 of transistor 36 to base 52 of transistor 44. The output circuit of the gate circuit G is between collector 48 and ground.

OSCILLATOR CIRCLE

The oscillator circuit H is a normally conductive unijunction >

Transistor 56 with an emitter 58, a first base Bl and a second base B2. The base Bl is across the primary winding 60 of the Transformer Tl to ground and the base B2 via a resistor 62 at the voltage source B +. The emitter 58 is connected via a time-determining capacitor 64 to earth 4nd via a time-determining capacitor Resistor 66 at collector 48 of transistor 44.

STATIC CONSUMER CIRCUITS

The inputs of the static consumer circuits ι and J are respectively with their inputs to the output of the oscillator circuit

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H connected through the secondary turns 63 and 70 of the transformer Tl. The internal circuits of circuits I and J are essentially identical and therefore only circuit I is described below described in detail and the same components in both circuits are provided with the same reference numbers in the drawing. Circuit I normally consists of a four-layer switching diode 72, a four-way rectifier 74 and a bidirectional one Semiconductor device 76. The semiconductor device 76 serves as a static switch for switching AC consumers, and may, for example, take the form of the General Electric Company's SC4OB device. Basically, this device is essentially the equivalent for two four-layer switching diodes, each having an anode, a cathode and an input, and both of them in parallel are switched, but are polarized in opposite directions, i.e. the anode of one rectifier is with the cathode of the other rectifier connected and the two inputs are interconnected.

The four-layer switching diodes 72 have an input 78 and a cathode 80 which are connected to the secondary winding 68 of the transformer Tl ' are connected. The anode 82 of the rectifier 72 together with the cathode 80 are respectively connected to the connections 84 and 86 of the Bridge circuit 74 connected.

The bridge circuit 74 has four rectifier diodes 88, 90, 32 and 94 with the polarity shown in the drawing. The connections 84 and 86 are respectively to the connection points of the Cathodes of rectifiers 88 and 92 and to the connection points

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the anodes of the rectifiers 90 and 94 are connected. The connection, Junction points 84 and 86 can be referred to as input circuits of the bridge circuit 74. The output circuit of the bridge circuit 74 consists of the connections 96 and 98. The connections 96 and are respectively connected to the connection points of the anode and the cathode the rectifiers 88 and 90 and to the connection point of the anode and the cathode of rectifiers 92 and 94 are connected.

The connection 96 is connected via a resistor 100 to the connection W point of one side 102 of the bidirectional semiconductor device 76 and the switch S1. The connection 98 is connected to the input 104 of the other side 106 of the semiconductor device 76.

The consumer A is connected to the voltage source V upon actuation of the switch S1 by the bidirectional semiconductor device 76 of the circuit I connected. In a similar way, the consumer B is connected to the voltage source V upon actuation of the switch . S2 through the static bidirectional semiconductor device 76 of circuit J connected. For the sake of simplicity, the switches S1 and S2 are normally open and manually operated Switch shown. However, the switches Sl and S2 can take the form of relay contacts or transistors. These switches are usually through a main control circuit such as a Traffic regulator, to excite consumers A and B through the AC voltage source V actuated. For example, consumers can Atnd B, which have the shape of light bulbs of the driving signals of a traffic light.

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OPERATION

Before the switch S1 or S2 is actuated, the transistors are Io of circuits C and D blocked. Accordingly, an unlock voltage is applied from the voltage source B + in the circuit C. and D is applied to the base 34 of the transistor 36 of the NOR circuit F.

Thus, the transistor 36 is normally conductive, as a result of which an "o ^M signal appears at its output circuit, ie at the collector 4o.

This "O" signal is applied to the base 52 of the transistor 44 im Auftastkreis G passed through the resistor 54. Accordingly, the f Transistor 44 is blocked and A "1" signal appears on its Output, i.e. at collector 48.

The "!" Signal at the output circuit of the gating circuit G is applied to the input circuit of the oscillator circuit H. As a result, the capacitor 64 charges to the value of the voltage source B + via the resistors 50 and 66, and when the voltage that is built up in the capacitor, and thus the voltage that appears at the emitter 58 of the unijunction transistor 56, has a value equal to reaches the voltage peak value of the transistor, the transistor is unlocked, t. The capacitor 64 discharges via the emitter 58 to the base 51 of the transistor 60. The transistor 56 then stops conducting and the capacitor 64 begins to charge again to the value of the voltage source B +. This process lasts as long as an ^H 1 "signal is present at the input circuit of the oscillator Han, as a result of which an output frequency signal appears at the output circuit of the oscillator, ie at the primary winding 60. The components of the oscillator H are preferably selected so that they have a pulse frequency

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enable in the size of 1000 Hz. This can be used as a frequency signal which has a duration according to the "1" signal at the input circuit of the oscillator H. The transformer Tl is a Isolation possibility between the oscillator circuit H and the consumer circuits I and J.

When the unijunction transistor is conductive, the voltage that appears on its output circuit and across the primary winding is applied, coupled into the secondary windings 68 and 70. As a result, a positive voltage is applied to input 78 of the four-layer diode 72 applied in circuits I and J. However, none of the rectifiers will conduct because there is no positive voltage on their diodes due to the non-actuation of the switch Sl or S2 is applied.

When the switch S1 is operated, the AC voltage source V is switched to the input circuit of the control circuit C. The alternating voltage is rectified with the aid of the diode 24 and smoothed with the aid of the capacitor 28 and then applied as a positive unblocking voltage to the base 12 of the transistor Io. Accordingly, the transistor 12 is unlocked and conductive, so that a ground potential, ie an ¹¹ O "signal appears at its output circuit, ie at the collector 14. However, the transistor 36 in the NOR circuit F remains conductive since the transistor 10 is in the circuit D is still blocked. Accordingly, the oscillator circuit H continues to generate a frequency signal as an output signal. This signal provides an unblocking signal for the input 78 of the rectifier 72 in the circuits I and J, as described above. The anode 82 of the rectifier 72 in circuit J

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does not receive any positive voltage from the voltage source V, since switch S2 is open and therefore circuit 'J does not remain conductive. However, since the switch S1 is closed, there is a flow a current from the voltage source V to the circuit I. During the positive half-cycle of the alternating voltage, a current flows from the Switch S1 via resistor 100 and the anode-cathode line of the rectifier 88 to provide a positive voltage for the anode 82 of the rectifier 72. Because the frequency of the voltage source V is e.g. 50 Hz and the frequency of the oscillator H is in the order of magnitude of 1000 Hz, the rectifier 72 is im essentially conductive immediately after the switch S1 is closed. Consequently, during the positive half-cycle of the voltage source V, a current flows through the resistor 100, the anode-cathode path of the diode rectifier 88, the now conductive four-layer diode 72 from the anode 82 to the cathode 80, and the anode-cathode section of the diode rectifier 94. This generates a positive gating signal at connection 98, which is now applied to input 104 of the bidirectional Semiconductor device 76 appears. As a result, the device 76 becomes conductive and a current flows during the positive Half-wave from the voltage source V via the device 76 from the side 102 to the side 106, ie. by the equivalent of a four-layer diode via its anode-cathode route and then from side 106 via consumer A back to voltage source V.

During the negative half-cycle of the voltage source V, the Cathode 80 of rectifier 72 negative with respect to the anode

-1 ■ ■ ■

82 through a circuit consisting of the anode-cathode Steicke the rectifier diode 90, the terminal 96 and then across

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the resistor 100 and the closed switch S1 to the voltage source V. Consequently, the rectifier 72 becomes V essentially immediately after the start of the negative half-cycle of the voltage source conductive. A current flows through the diode rectifier 92 The anode-cathode section of the rectifier 72, the anode-cathode resistance 100, the closed switch Sl to the voltage source V. This circuit results in a sufficient Auftastpotential at the input 100 to make the device 76 conductive, whereupon a current from the voltage source through the consumer A and then from from side 106 to side 102 of device 76, i.e., through the anode-cathode path of the equivalent four-layer diodes in FIG Device 76, and then back to voltage source V via switch S1. Accordingly, one can see that the switch is actuated Sl out, the bidirectional semiconductor device 76 conductive in order to connect the AC voltage source V to the consumer A. In a similar way, with the switch S1 not actuated, When the switch S2 is actuated, an unlocking potential at the input 104 of the semiconductor device 72 in the circuit J is on Generate unlocking potential in order to connect the voltage source V to the consumer B.

The operation will now be described which occurs when the switches S1 and S2 are operated simultaneously. As described earlier such a simultaneous actuation of the switches S1 and S2 can e.g. from the poor functioning of a main control circuit, not shown, which controls the operation of the switches S1 and S2, occur.

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When the switches S1 and S2 are operated at the same time, the alternating voltage from the voltage source V is applied to the input circuits of the circuits C and D. Accordingly, the transistors 10 in the circuits C and D are unlocked, whereupon a ground potential, ie an ^M O "signal appears at the output circuits of the two circuits C and D. These ^M O" signals are fed to the input circuit of the NOR circuit F. , whereupon the transistor 36 is blocked and a "!" signal appears on its output circuit. This "1 ^H signal is applied to the input circuit of the gating circuit G, μ whereby an" O ^H signal appears at its output circuit. This * O ^M signal is sent to the oscillator circuit H, whereupon the oscillator circuit H is shut down and the frequency signal stops. Accordingly, neither of the two circuits I and J is conductive, as a result of which both bidirectional semiconductor devices 76 are blocked. Consequently, neither the consumer A nor the consumer B is connected to the voltage source V at the same time as the consumer B or A, although the two switches S1 and S2 are actuated. I.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the values are and types of the various components shown in the single drawing are summarized in Table 1.

TABLE 1 COMPONENT COMPONENT VALUE OR TYPE

Transistor 10 NPN transistor

Resistance 18 3.9 Kohm

Resistance 2o 3.9 Kohm

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Resistor 22 capacitor transistor 36 resistor 30 Resistor 32 Resistor 42 Transistor 44 Resistor 50 Resistor 54 Transistor 56 Resistor 62 Resistor 66 Timing Capacitor Rectifier resistor 100

Bidirectional semiconductor device 72 B + voltage source Voltage source V

33 Kohm 1.0 UP NPN transistor 33 Kohm 33 Kohm 3.5 Kohm NPN transistor 1 Kohm

33 Kohm unijunction transistor 100 ohm 100 ohm 0.25 uF Four-layer switching diode 100 Ohm

General Electric Company SC40B

+ 20V DC voltage 120 V, 60 Hz

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Claims (8)

Patent claims I. An anti-coincidence circuit to prevent the excitation of two loads (A, B) by a common voltage source (V) when two switches (S1, S2), which belong to the loads, respectively, are actuated at the same time, characterized by a first (76 to the same connecting from I) and a second (76 J) is normally de-energized static electronic consumer switching device belonging relative to the two consumers (a, B) ä their associated switches (Sl, S2) with the voltage source V; a first (C) and a second (D) static consumer control circuit, respectively belonging to the two consumers (A, B), each circuit (C, D) having a normal and a second switching state depending on the actuation of the associated switch (Sl , S2), and a common static control circuit (F, G, H), which responds to the switching state of the two static consumer control circuits ( C, D) in such a way that one of the static electronic consumer (EherschaItvorrichtungen is excited when you associated static consumer control circuit is in its second state in order to excite its associated consumer, and that neither of the two static, electronic consumer switching devices is excited when both static consumer control circuits (C, D) remain in their second state at the same time. 909849/1 month 2. An anti-coincidence circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the static, electronic consumer switching devices a bidirectional semiconductor device (76) having first (102) and second (106) electrodes and a Control electrode (104), wherein the first (102) and second (106) electrode of each device one of the loads (A, B) via a actuatable switch (Sl, S2) to a common AC voltage source (V) connects, each device being designed to supply alternating current from the alternating voltage source (V) to the Consumers (A, B) fHessen if a QMsperrsignal at their Control electrode (104) is applied. 3. An anti-coincidence circuit according to claim 2, characterized characterized in that the common control circuit (F, G, H) a normally excited generator H for generating a Frequency signal and a circuit (F, G) for de-energizing the ' Oscillator (H) possesses when both the first (C) and the second (D) consumer control circuit (C, D) are in their simultaneously second state are. 4. An anti-coincidence circuit according to claim 3, characterized through a first (I) and a second (J) consumer circuit consisting of the bidirectional semiconductor device (76) and a bias circuit (72,74) for unlocking the bidirectional Semiconductor device depending on the actuation of the first switch (Sl) and the frequency signal. 90984 9/1 147 5. An anti-coincidence circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that each unlocking circuit (72, 74) for unlocking the bidirectional semiconductor device (76) has a four-layer switching diode (72) whose input _r cathode path to the output circuit of the oscillator (H) is connected and the anode (82) -cathode (8o) path between the control electrode (104} of the associated bidirectional semiconductor device) 76) and the associated switch (S1, S2) is connected. 6. An anti-coincidence circuit according to claim 5, characterized by a first (88) and a second (§4) diode for respectively connecting the anode (82) to the switch (S1 or S2) and the Cathode (80) to the control electrode (104) of the bidirectional semiconductor device (76) during the first half-wave of the AC voltage source (V) for unlocking the device (76) to allow the current to flow from the voltage source (V) in a first direction to the consumer (A, B). 7. An anti-coincidence circuit according to claim 6, characterized through a third (90) and a fourth (92) diode to the respective Connection of the cathode (80) to the switch (S1 or S2) and the anode (82) to the control electrode (104) of the bidirectional semiconductor device (76) during the second half cycle of the AC voltage source (V) to unlock the device (7f) to the Current from the AC voltage source (V) in a second direction to flow to the associated consumer (A, B). 909849/1147 8. An anti-coincidence circuit according to one of the claims 4-7, characterized in that the oscillator (H) consists of an RC tilting bracket (58), the output circuit (B2) of which is connected to the primary winding (60) of the coupling transformer (Tl) wherein the transformer two secondary windings (68,70) to unlock the respective Änkepoeln the Fresueüzsignale to the two VerbraucherschaIt = circles has mm else the two / direktiomalen semiconductor devices · ' S, An anti-coinsidence circuit according to one of the claims, characterized in that the circuit (F, G) for de-energizing the oscillator (H) consists of a first (36) and a second static electronic on-off switch, which has a normal and eimera argue has a static switching state, whereby the first (36 | Eiffi—Lns-Sclialt.er is only in its second switching position; if Tseicls ststiseltea Ferbrauelaersteuerangs = circuits (C, B) are in their respective stjsitea Sclia te llung, and the second (44) on-off switch is only in its disputed switching state when the first on-off switch (36) is in its second switching state, and the second on-off switch (44) to the oscillator fH ) is connected in order to de-energize it only when the second on-off switch (44) is in its second switching state » 0 9 8 4 9/1 H 1