DE1523599A1 - Safety control device - Google Patents

Description

PAIBJTAIfWALT

.ing. K. WOODS

89

1*

R. 626

Augsburg, October 19, 1966

Robertshaw Controls Company, I70I Byrd Avenue, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America

Safety control device

The invention relates to vacuum control devices with a valve actuated by a housing cover and a valve Brake to slow down rotary movements.

The invention is intended to solve the problem, by means of a safety control device, the switch-on

or switch-off state of the drive of a machine part depending on the respective position of a closure member, for example to control a housing cover.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a safety control device for machines with an over a closure member accessible, by means of a drive in rotation displaceable machine part, in particular for Machines with a housing cover that can be opened via a housing cover accessible, revolving container, solved in such a way that said drive via vacuum-operated control elements can be switched on or off, which in turn are connected via lines to a vacuum programmer, and that with a switching valve influencing the programmer is coupled to the closure member, which in the open position of the Closure element assumes a switching position in which the programmer excites the vacuum-operated control elements prevented in the sense of a drive of the rotating machine part, and that in the closed position of the closure member assumes a switch position in which the programmer excitation of the vacuum-operated control elements in the sense of a drive for the rotating machine part allows.

The invention includes in particular a vacuum

Control system for automatic washing machines, which contains a cover valve which is used to interrupt the control vacuum is used for the rotary drive influencing control members, so that a braking device braking the rotary movement can be put into action.

In addition, the invention also includes the special design of the one used to interrupt the control vacuum 'Lid valves.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings show:

Figure 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a

typical control device according to the invention,

Figure 2 is a small! Table showing the ver

bindings reflects those in the various positions of a voter disc the tax system come into being,

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FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross section through

one reading head and one above it moving, channeled tax-free beams,

Figure 4 a (table from which the Ver

bindings can be seen, which through the channels of said control command carrier during its movement ■ through the reading openings of the reading head it is produced according to FIG will,

Figure 5 is a schematic switch support of a

Control device according to the invention for joint control of the water level and the drive speed,

Figure 6 'shows an enlarged cross section through

part of the control device according to Figure 5 »

Figure 7 is a schematic cross section through

a control valve to control the upper water level,

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I ¹ IgUr 8 a hematic cross-section

through a control valve to control the lower water level,

Figure 9 is an axial section through the Ge

drives with variable transmission ratio, which has a drive roller with a variable effective diameter,

Figure 10 is an enlarged schematic

Cross-section through a vacuum-operated control element or a vacuum-operated one Actuator of the type indicated in the figure,

Figure 11 is a schematic representation of a

automatic washing machine, which is equipped with the control device according to the invention,

FIG. 12 is an enlarged side view

a lid valve,

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Figure 13 is an enlarged cross-section through

the cover valve according to Figure 12,

FIG. 14 an enlarged plan view of a

Unbalance responsive valve and

FIG. 15 shows a cross section along the line in FIG

Figure 14 indicated line 15-15

It should be pointed out that in the following description certain information regarding direction, relative position and the like. Are included. These details are for reasons only chosen for better comprehensibility and brevity of the description. It goes without saying, however, that this information are only important in connection with the embodiments shown in the drawings and that the individual Parts, without thereby departing from the inventive idea, practically without further ado also other directions, relative Can occupy layers and the like. In this sense, for example, the words "above", "below", To understand "vertical", "horizontal" and the like.

The invention is particularly applicable to the control of washing machines, which combined with a

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pneumatic and electrical control system. Such a control system can consist of several There are parts, which become effective in the desired way through certain connections, as shown schematically is shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, which can be viewed in conjunction with the other drawing figures is.

The control device according to the invention according to Figure i of the drawings can be used, for example, to control a automatic laundry washing machine 20 can be used, as shown in Figure 11 of the drawings in a for automatic Washing machines common outer shape is shown. Such a machine can, for example, be a stationary drum 22 and a centrifugal container, basket or drum 24. The latter can be known in Be designed with or without holes in the wall · In addition, this washing machine can have a guide 26, which is set in motion in the usual way and, for example, about a vertical axis or upwards and downwards can be moved below or in any other way that is common for washing machines. Furthermore, in the stationary drum 22 is supplied with hot or cold water via an inlet line 28, said

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Inlet line under the control of a mixing valve 30 stands, which in turn is connected to a hot water line 32 and a cold water line 34 is connected. The flow through the latter lines is controlled by means of pneumatically "actuated drives 36 and 38, so that the inflow of hot water and cold water from the lines 14 and 34 to the inlet line 28 and from there into the Drum 22 can be influenced

The water supply can also by means of a control valve 40, which responds to the upper water level, and a control valve 42, which is on the lower water level responds, be controlled. Said control valves 40 and 42, which are therefore on the water level within the stationary (drum 22 respond, can be connected to this via lines 44 and 46, the close the bottom of the drum 22 open into this.

The centrifugal drum 24 and the stirrer are each driven by a gear 44 with a variable transmission ratio set in rotation or other motion or moved back and forth. The transmission gear 44 is over driven by a Bolle 46 '. The hollow 46 * has an invariable diameter and is driven by a drive belt 41 "

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driven by a smaller hollow 50, the effective diameter of which can be changed. The role 50 can with a Drive motor 52 be connected. The transmission gear is generally known in this structure, so that a more detailed representation of the same is unnecessary. It can do this be designed so that it moves the stirrer 26 back and forth or oscillates when the gear or the roller 46 * is driven in one direction, whereby the stirrer shaft 54 is set in oscillating movements or is moved back and forth. However, if the gear 44 or the roller 46 'are driven in the other direction, so the centrifugal drum 24 is driven by its associated Shaft 56 offset in rotation.

The parts described above in connection with the washing machine are each known per se, so that it is not necessary to go into more detail about them, unless they are relevant for the following explanations.

The stationary drum 22 and its contents, as well as the gear 44 and drive motor 52, are generally resiliently suspended in a manner not shown in the drawing, "so that they absorb the centrifugal forces which during the centrifuging process in the centrifugal drum

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be generated. Such a suspension is also known » Arranged on the housing of the washing machine is a Y-valve 58 which responds to imbalance and whose valve stem 60 strikes and is pushed inward by the drum 22, 'if the {drum is spinning beyond the normal permissible Vibrations. This actuates the unbalanced valve 58, as follows will be explained in more detail.

The casing of the washing machine, part of which is at is indicated and which the stationary drum 22 and its contents as well as the gear 44 and the drive motor 52 encloses can have a housing ede disgust 62 which is attached at 64 by means of a hinge. On the case a cover valve 66 is arranged, which carries an actuating pin 68 which, when the cover 62 is closed is printed down. However, as soon as the cover 62 is opened, the actuating pin 68 can rise upwards. As a result, switching functions of the cover valve 66 are described in more detail below.

In Figure 1 of the drawings, an electrical circuit is shown with dash-dotted lines, which for this purpose serves, the washing machine motor 52, a vacuum pump and

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its drive motor 70, a timer motor 72 and a lighting source 74- to feed and control. The illumination source 74 can be a control light, which
is switched by means of a switch 76 and is assigned to the power circuit shown schematically in the figure of the drawings.

The electrical circuit runs from an input line L ¹ via a fuse 78 to a manually operated main switch 80, which is in the closed position when its handle is outward or with respect to
Figure 1 of the drawings is pulled upward. The current can then pass to a shunt switch 82 which is in the closed position when there is no vacuum on a vacuum drive 84- and which changes to the open position as soon as a vacuum acts on the vacuum drive 84-.

The circuit runs from here to the commutation device 86 for reversing the drive motor 52. The Commutation device 86 can be of a known type, for example. The commutation device has a certain effect Direction of rotation of the motor $ 2 if a switch 88

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is operated, and causes the drive motor 52 to the opposite Rotation when switch 92 is operated. The switch 88 of the commutation device 86 can be for example, are in the closed position when a vacuum acts on the vacuum drive 90 of the switch, and can move to its open position when this vacuum is released and atmospheric pressure in the vacuum drive 90 reached. The switch 88 is shown in solid lines in its open position and is after moved to the left in the position shown by dashed lines when a vacuum acts on the vacuum drive 90. The commutation device 68 for the drive motor 52 also has a switch.92 for controlling the stirring or washing process, the two switching bridges 94 · and pulled downward by another vacuum drive 98 as soon as this vacuum drive is under vacuum. The two jumpers 94 and 96 are in their in Pigur 1 of the drawings illustrates the rest position when there is no vacuum acting on the vacuum drive 98. As already said, the two jumpers 94- and 96 become effective a vacuum is drawn down into the vacuum drive 98, so that the switching contacts 100 and 102 with one another and come into contact with the contact 104 · At the same time, the contact 106 comes into contact with the contact 108.

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If, however, no vacuum acts on the vacuum drive 98, so are located switch contacts 100, 102, 104-, 106 and 108 in the positions shown in Figure 1 of the drawings.

The washing machine motor 52 can be reversed and can be equipped with an operating winding R and a starting winding S. For those skilled in the art it is evident that the motor 52 is not supplied with power when there is no vacuum acting on the vacuum drives 90 and 98, so that the switch 88 is in the open position and the switch 92 is in the position shown in solid lines, since there is no Connection to the contacts 104 and 112 connected to the feed line is established, so that no current can reach the drive motor 52 ^{from the input line L 1 via the contacts mentioned.}

If, however, the switch 88 in its closed position establishes a connection to the contact 112 because the vacuum drive 90 is energized, current can pass from the input line L ¹ via the switch 88 and the line 120 to the operating winding H of the motor and via the return line 114 - to the current source or line L ″. At the same time, current / passes from the contact 112 via the switch 88 to the contact 106, from there via the switching bridge 94 to the

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Starting winding S and then via switch 116, the switch bridge 96, the contacts 100 and 108 back to the return line 114. If the start-up winding S is energized in this way, it drives the motor 52, the centrifugal drum 24 in the sense of the centrifugal process.

In order to reverse the direction of rotation of the drive motor 52 so that it drives the stirrer 26, the vacuum drive 98 is supplied with a vacuum, whereupon the switch 92 is actuated. Since at the same time no vacuum acts on the vacuum drive 90, the switch 88 is open. The switch 92 is pulled downwards by the vacuum applied to the vacuum drive 98 and the drive motor rotates in a sighting in which the agitator is set in motion. In this case, current flows from the input line L ¹ via the line 101 to the Eontakt 104 and the pulled down Eontakt 102 and from here via the line 118 and the line 120 to the operating winding H of the motor. From there the current flows via the return line 114 to the Eiemme or input line L ″ of the power source switch bridge 96 pulled down, whereupon

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the current over the switch 116 from here to the top over the winding S, also over the pulled down Switch bridge 94 and the stationary contact 108 to the return line 114 and the input terminal or input line L "of the power source flows.

It can therefore be seen that the switch 88 assumes its closed position when a vacuum acts on the yakuum drive 90, and the drive motor 52 then rotates in a certain direction (direction of rotation of the spinning process), in which <* '^; .s transmission gear 44 in the sense of a drive of the centrifugal drum 24 to carry out the centrifugal process is effective. In this operating state, the current flows in the downward direction through the start-up winding, as can be seen from the description above. However, if the vacuum is removed from the yakuum drive 90 so that the atmospheric pressure can act on it and the switch can be opened, and a vacuum is also fed to the vacuum drive 98 so that the switch bridges 94 and 94 are pulled downwards, the drive motor 52 becomes causes the machine to rotate in the opposite direction (direction of rotation to carry out the stirring process), the transmission gear 44 operating the stirrer 26 to carry out the washing process »

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The shunt switch 82 is switched such that when the switching arm is pulled up by the vacuum drive 84, a current flows through the vacuum source consisting of the pump and motor can flow, but cannot get through the timer motor or the machine motor 52.

The vacuum drive assigned to the shunt switch is connected to the vacuum source via a device described below and causes a switch-off of the drive motor 52 and the timer motor 72, during the drum 22 is filled. In addition, a drive of the stirrer 26 is prevented as long as the drum is not filled is · However, the vacuum pump 70 is switched on and continues to maintain a vacuum that may be needed elsewhere within the vacuum control system.

The vacuum drive assigned to the shunt switch can have a calibrated opening 85 which has a low inflow of ambient air into the vacuum drive 84 is permitted when it is disconnected from the vacuum pump 70

Corresponding symbols are also used in various other places in Figure 1 of the drawings

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calibrated openings indicated, which have a low influx atmospheric air for the same purpose.

The vacuum control system also contains a reading head 122, in which a series of openings for the transmission of vacuum or atmospheric pressure is provided in the assignment specified in more detail below and over which a flexible, channeled control command carrier 124 can be moved, as shown in FIG Figure 3 of the drawings emerges The control command carrier 124 is equipped with a series of channels 126 which ^{migrate away via the reading openings of the reading head 122 shown in JB 1} IgUr 1 of the drawings and between these openings a transmission of the vacuum or a transmission of the atmospheric pressure, respectively do as you wish. The control command carrier 124- can consist of an outer plastic disk 128, an inwardly turned plastic disk 130 and a porous flexible intermediate layer 132, the latter of which can be made of foam rubber or the like, as illustrated in detail in ELgur 3 of the drawings. In the disks 128 and 136 openings 134 and 136 can be provided, which do not have to be exactly opposite one another, so that atmospheric air can enter through the opening 134 and into the porous

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Interlayer 124 can be filtered, whereupon it is over the opening 136 passes to the reading opening 138, the latter being "any of those in the context below with Figure 1 of the drawings symbolized reading openings * The reading head can »as shown in Figure 3 of the Drawings appear, also contain further openings, for example the openings 140, which also symbolize any of the reading openings described below in connection with FIG. 1 and which in a variety of ways Wise be bridged by the various channels 126 of the control command carrier 124.

In Figure 1 of the drawings, the reading head 122 is shown, over which a control command carrier provided with channels the type shown in Figure 3 runs away and thereby a migration of its channels 126 and its Openings 136 at the various reading openings indicated in Figure 1 of the drawings by capital letters. The reading openings of the reading head 122 are accordingly designated in the figure of the drawings by the letters A, B, U, D, E, F, G, V, K, J, L, M, N, P, Q and 03. These reading openings of the reading head 122 according to FIG. 1 are on Pipes or lines connected to what vacuum or

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transmitted atmospheric pressure and which are shown in bold solid lines. The aforementioned lines result in various elements of the control system including vacuum actuators of the type shown in Figure 10 of the drawings illustrated type. Such vacuum-operated control elements or drives can.ein rigid cup-shaped housing or the like. 142, a flexible membrane 144 and a Transmission rod 146 have, by means of which a certain part of the washing machine can be operated. That The cup-shaped housing 142 can be connected to one of the various vacuum or ventilation lines via the connection line 148 be connected according to Figure 1 of the drawings · If necessary, a compression spring can also be placed in the cup-shaped housing 142 150 be housed, which the membrane 144 with With reference to the position shown in FIG Vacuum is eliminated by introducing atmospheric air into the housing. However, it gets into the pot-shaped housing 142 a vacuum to take effect, the flexible membrane 144 is drawn inwardly into the housing and takes the actuating rod 146 with it in a corresponding manner. Such vacuum actuated drives can of a type known per se, for example described in US Pat. No. 3,142,966.

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IO

Referring again to Figure 1 of the drawings, the vacuum pump 70 is generated as soon as it is in operation a vacuum is set at the reading opening 7 via the line 152. The other reading openings of the reading head 122 (FIG. 1) are each connected via connecting lines to the various (bearings of the control device according to the invention connected, which will be explained in more detail below.

A selector valve arrangement 154 is provided for selecting the various programs that can be executed by means of the washing machine. This selector valve arrangement 154- has a stationary, disk-like surface which contains openings U ¹ , H, B ¹ and E ¹ . The openings U ¹ , B ¹ and E ¹ are each connected to the openings U, B and E of the reading head 122 in a corresponding manner via lines, as can be seen from FIG. The opening H is connected to the vacuum-actuated drive 36, which is used to actuate the hot water valve 156 of the valve arrangement 30. The opening E ′ is also connected to the vacuum-actuated drive 38, which is used to actuate the cold water valve 158 of the Misoh valve arrangement 30. A number of setting marks which

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be designated by the numbers 1 to 8, for example can} is around the selector valve assembly 154 · resp. arranged next to her.

A rotatable selector disk 160 is rotatably mounted above the stationary surface of the selector valve arrangement 154. The voter disk 160 may be flexible, channeled Have command carrier, which can be constructed similarly to the control command carrier 130 according to Higur 3 of the drawings. The rotatable dial 160 may include a film in which sioken-like channels 162 are arranged which have a shape similar to that of the channels 126 according to FIG. 3 and which are used to bridge the reading openings U ', H, B * and E 'correspond to the area of the selector valve s 154- the table reproduced in Figure 2 of the drawings, in which the various compounds are indicated which are established by the sioken-like channels 162 each when the setting mark 161 of the dial 60 assumes the individual positions 1 to 8 with respect to the stationary surface of the selector valve arrangement 154- As can be seen from ligur 2 of the drawings, the rotatable selector disk 160 bridges in position Number 1 by means of an elbow-like channel 162 the

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Openings B ¹ and E ¹ , so that a vacuum is generated in the vacuum-actuated drive at the desired time and only cold water flows into the drum 22 when one or more of the channels 126 open the reading openings during the movement of the control command carrier 124 over the reading head 122 B and D bridged or bridged · At the opening D a vacuum is generated at a certain time in the manner explained below. It is therefore evident that, by rotating the selector disk 160, it is possible to select which of the valves 156 or to control the water inflow is to be opened at certain times when the control command carrier 124 slides over the reading head 122. This movement of the control command carrier 124 over the read head then generates the respectively selected program. Among other things, there are connections from the openings D and V of the reading head 122 to the element 40 which responds to the upper water level and which is shown in more detail in FIG. The line according to FIG. 5 of the drawings connects the reading opening V with the opening 166 of this valve 40, which responds to the upper water level. The opening 168 of the said valve 40 is connected to a line 10. in connection, which in turn is connected to the reading opening D of the reading head

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IS

is connected <> Finally, the valve opening 172 is connected to the open environment. The reading opening P is connected to a vacuum-operated drive 173, which is used to operate a bleach dispenser, which comes into operation when a vacuum is generated in the drive 173 via the connecting line to the reading opening "S.

In Sigur 7 it is responsive to the upper water level Valve 40 shown schematically The valve 40 responsive to the water level can, for example, be a pot Shaped housing 174 on which in the area of the Upper part a flexible flexible membrane 176 is attached. The cup-shaped housing 174 has a connection 178 to the inlet and outlet of the fluid, which is located at its lower part and with a tube 44 is connected, which in turn opens into the lower part of the stationary drum 22 of the washing machine. In this way, a pressure chamber 180 is formed within the cup-shaped housing, the effective pressure of which the Water level in drum 22 is proportional. The middle, part of the membrane 176 moves in one of the Water level of the drum 22 corresponding dimensions upwards and downwards. The membrane 176 is with a.

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a snap movement enabling mechanism 182 is coupled, which is known per se and which in turn is connected to a "movable command carrier 184, the in turn has a shell-shaped shape and a flexible one Foil or the like. 186 which is attached to the hand of the shell-shaped command carrier 184 o Between the shell-shaped body 184 and the foil 186 can be a porous intermediate layer 188 are located. A continuous channel 190 is formed in the film 186, which essentially may have the same shape as the above-mentioned channels 126. The command carrier 184 is against a stationary Reading surface or a reading head 192 is pressed, which in turn has the aforementioned openings 166, 168 and which penetrate this read head 192 · The mechanism 182 allowing the snap movement holds the Slide 186 and the command carrier as long as the water level in the drum 22 is below a certain upper water level or the filling water level of the drum 22 remains in the lower position, which is shown in FIG. 7 of the drawings in FIG horizontal position is illustrated. However, the water level rises in the drum 22 to the predetermined upper water level, the increased pressure in the pressure chamber 180 causes that, under the pressure of the membrane, the child appmeohanism 182 snaps the command carrier 186 into the upper one

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Moved position in which the bead-like channel 190 the Opening 170 now with the opening 172 instead of the in the previous operating position covered opening or 168 connects. The one that enables a snap movement Mechanism 182 can be manually adjusted at 194 · in this way be that the desired snap movement for different upper filling water levels, which in the drum desired can be adjusted.

If necessary, a leaf spring 196 can be attached to a stationary structural part 198, the free End the control command carrier 186 against the read head or the reading surface 192 presses and so a sufficiently good seal between the! film 186 and the reading head 192 made possible.

It can therefore be seen that when the stationary drum 22 does not reach the desired filling water level is filled, the openings 166 and 168 are bridged by the channel. However, the water level in the drum has 22 reaches the Jüllungswasserstand, the bridges Channel 190, the openings 168 and 172. As shown in Figure 5 of the Drawings can be seen, so the reading opening 7 is with

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the reading opening D connected when the drum 22 is not filled is, so that in this operating state a vacuum is generated at the reading opening D via the line 170 If, however, the drum 22 has reached the desired upper flushing water level, the channel 190 bridges the openings 168 and 172, so that atmospheric air from the opening 172 via the channel 190 and the line 17O to the reading opening D can reach and eliminates the vacuum prevailing there. The vacuum remains away from the reading opening D as long as the drum 22 is in its full state is located. When the drum 22 is full, therefore, none of the drives 36 and 38 controlling the water flow can act the reading opening D outgoing vacuum act. However, if the drum 22 is not filled, a vacuum can be applied to the said vacuum actuated drives are generated.

The control valve assigned to the lower water level is connected to the bottom of the drum 22 via a line 46 and responds to a specific lower water level within the drum 22. Said valve 42 is It is shown schematically in FIG. 8 of the drawings corresponds in its general structure to the valve 40 of FIG. 7 and the various parts are essentially equally trained. In Figure 8 of the drawings are accordingly

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also repeats most of the reference symbols from FIG. 7, but they have an additional one to distinguish them line at the back It is obvious that all these parts work together in essentially the same way, as already described above, but they work at a different operating pressure. The line connections and connections of Figure 8 correspond to those in Figure 5 of the drawings.

As can be seen from FIG. 5 and FIG. 8 of the drawings, the valve responsive to the lower water level has a reading opening 166 ^f which is connected to a line 200 which in turn is connected to an opening 202 of a speed regulator 204 for the spin speed. The mode of operation of this speed controller is explained in more detail below. In addition, the valve 42 also has an opening 168 * which is in communication with a line 206 and is connected to the reading opening P of the reading head 122. Finally, the opening 172 ¹ is connected to the free environment.

If the water level in the drum 22 falls below a certain critical value, then by means of the

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is

valve 42 responsive to the lower water level the openings 166 'and 168 · interconnected while in contrast, the openings 166 ″ and 172 ′ are connected to one another when the water level of the drum 22 is above said predetermined lower water level.

The predetermined lower water level value to which the valve 42 is to respond can be adjusted by setting on the organ 194 · exactly which the shape an adjusting knob, lever or the like. May have and serves to influence the snap mechanism 182 * in the same way as in connection with the valve has been described above.

A Hegler 208 for influencing the stirrer speed has essentially the same structure as that above mentioned controller 204 for influencing the spin speed and is in the drawing on a significantly smaller scale to avoid repetition shown.

The controller 204 for influencing the spin speed and also the controller 208 for influencing it

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the stirrer speed have a housing 210, in which openings 202 and 212 are provided. The opening 212 is via a line 214 to the reading port D angeachloss en.

The design of the controller 204 to influence the Spin speed can have certain similarities have known constructions of this type · Here, a membrane 216 is provided, which the end 218 of a Standpipe 212 covers or it releases and so the suction volume through the pipe end 218 in terms of maintenance influenced by a regulated negative pressure in the chamber. This regulated negative pressure or the vacuum in the chamber 220 via the connection opening 202 and further via the lines 200 and 206 of the reading opening P communicated. However, this transfer of the vacuum can only take place when the water level in the drum 22 is up is below the value to which the valve 42 responds, i.e. when channel 190 * closes openings 166 ' and 168 'bridged. If, however, the channel 190 'bridges the openings 166' and 172 ', the vacuum at the reading opening P is eliminated and this reading opening is removed from the ventilation opening 172 'ago atmospheric pressure.

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The film of the program carrier or control command, carrier 124 is able to connect the openings P and Q of the reading head 122 to one another at a certain time, whereby the regulated vacuum pressure via line 222 to an actuator 224 for influencing the drive speed is transmitted. The strength of the vacuum generated in the actuator 224 leads to a change in the effective vacuum Diameter of the drive roller 50, whereby the transmission ratio of the gear 44 and thus the spin speed the spin drum 24 of the washing machine is affected. The arrangement is made so that the The spin speed of the spin drum 24 cannot be increased until the water level is stationary Drum 22 is lowered by draining or pumping out so that it is below the value on which the said lower water level responsive valve 42 is set. This means that the one influencing the speed Controller 204 do not increase the spin speed by influencing the gear 44 can, except when the openings 166 'and 168' through the channel 190 are bridged, which in turn can only take place when the water level in the drum 22 is below the value to which the valve 42 responds has decreased.

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The vacuum can also influence the setting drive 224 · the drive speed via line 222 can only be achieved if that is responsive to the upper water level Valve 4-0 does not move a command carrier to a position has, in which the openings 166 and 168 bridged are, which can only happen when the water level in the drum 22 is low, in which case the vacuum from the reading opening V via line 164-, channel 190, line 170, read port D, line 214-, standpipe 212 and finally the mouth 218 of this tube can reach the pressure chamber 220 and there a regulated vacuum upright.

The arrangement of the valves 40 and 4-2, which respond to the water level, thus represents a safety circuit, which ensures that the drive speed for carrying out the centrifugal process of the centrifugal drum 24-not can be increased, except when the water level in the drum 22 is below a certain lowest value has been lowered, which is specified on the valve 4-2.

The mode of operation of the pressure regulator 204- is briefly described below. There is a compression spring in the regulator provided, which surrounds the standpipe 212 and with her

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the upper end engages a flat-edged cap 230 · The Compression spring 228 tends to push the cap upwards so that the mouth 218 of the standpipe is released and the vacuum pump can evacuate the chamber 220 via the line 218. Is this Evacuation has progressed so far that the vacuum in chamber 220 is greater than the desired value, the atmospheric pressure in the chamber 232 thus pushes the diaphragm 216 with respect to that shown in FIG position shown to the left, whereby the membrane 218 bulges in the manner shown in Figure 6 of the drawings and the opening 234 provided in the membrane 216 released and a small flow of atmospheric air is allowed into the chamber 220, so that the desired Vacuum is maintained in the chamber. The atmospheric pressure passes through the port 236 from the open Environment in the chamber 232 «

The atmospheric pressure prevailing in the chamber 232 is still determined by the action of a compression spring 238 supports, which together with the atmospheric pressure from the chamber 232 an increased force effect on the Membrane 216 exerts a movement to the left when the vacuum in chamber 220 is greater than the desired one

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Si

The value of the vacuum is «The preload of the compression spring 238 can be changed by means of an adjusting screw 240, which carries an adjusting knob 242, when it is turned the pressure disk 244 is moved to the right or to the left and the total pressure exerted on the diaphragm 216 is adjusted can be. With this adjustment on the button 242, a certain pressure can be specified, which is to be maintained in the pressure chamber 220 of the regulator. This regulated vacuum is applied to the actuator 224 transmitted to influence the drive speed, from which it follows that the desired drive speed to carry out the sole udder process the centrifugal drum 24 can be selected by a setting on the setting knob 242.

Control of the drive speed on the transmission 44 can be accomplished with any desired transmission whose drive speed can be changed with an actuator according to the type of actuator 224. How out FIGS. 5 and 9 of the drawings can be seen the drive motor 52 has a roller 226 with changeable effective diameter, around which a (drive belt 246 is placed, which also runs over a roller 264 'of invariable diameter. The drive belt 246 can

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be a V-belt and also runs over the idle one Roller 248. This idling roller 248 is mounted on a lever 250 hinged at 252, the other end via an actuating rod 254 with the working diaphragm 144 of the actuator 224 is connected. If there is a stronger one in chamber 256 of actuator 224 Vacuum »the lever 250 is pivoted counterclockwise, so that the idle roller 248 is moved towards the constant diameter roller, so that the V-belt 246 can go over to a larger diameter of this role. The effective diameter of the roller 226 thus increases, so that the speed of the roller 46 increases to the same extent as the vacuum in the chamber 226 increases · on the shaft of the idling Roller 248 or at the lower end of the lever 250 engages a tension spring 258, the other end of which is attached to a stationary one Structural part 260 is anchored and which maintains proper tension of the V-belt 246. Either the spring 150 or the spring can be omitted if the spring force is the remaining Spring 150 or 258 is sufficient to ensure sufficient tension on V-belt 246.

The roller 50 or 226, for example, may be more known

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Be of construction, with on the shaft of the drive motor 52 in an axially displaceable table 225 is arranged in the manner evident from FIG. 9 of the drawings. Of the Roller flange 226 is firmly attached to the motor shaft. One end of a compression spring 227 is supported against it a nut 229 screwed onto the motor shaft and presses against it with its other end in the axial direction the roller flange 225. This ensures that the effective diameter of the roller 50 changes automatically, when the actuating drive 224 serving to influence the drive speed swivels the lever 250 in such a way that the V-belt 246 on the roller 50 inwards is pulled or slackened outwards.

The opening 212 'of the controller 208 influencing the stirrer speed, which corresponds to the opening 212, is connected to the vacuum line 164 via the line 262. connected · Whenever the read openings Q and T are bridged by the control command carrier of the programmer, a regulated vacuum is transmitted to the actuator 224, which influences the drive speed, which is the same as that in the chamber 220 'of the stirrer speed

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Kegler's 208 maintained vacuum corresponds to * It is obvious that a stronger vacuum selected by means of the setting knob 242 'in the Ejaaaaer 220 ¹ causes higher speeds of the gearbox 44 in the same way as above in connection with which the spin speed affectsanaoh Heglsr 206 was described *

The control device according to the invention furthermore has a cover element 66 aaf "which causes the actuation of a shower placed against the centrifugal drum 24, which starts practically immediately when the cover 62 & ez ' Wasshmaachins is lifted a little" As shown in Figures 12 uvA 13 of the Ssiehnungen ümi can be taken, the cover valve 65 also has a sfillestandon reading head? 2? 0, in which there are read openings 272 and 2? 276 and 2? S are located opposite this Less head 2? 0, a bridging element 260 can be raised and lowered. The bridging element 280 has a film 282 in which a channel arrangement 284 is formed can be moved upwards and downwards past the release clamps 272 »27 ^ ·» 276 and 278. If the cover is on and

0RK31NAL

9098 OS / 0756

is therefore the bridging element 280 in the lower position, the reading openings 272 and 274 are bridged by the channel arrangement 284. Will the lid raised, the bridging element also moves upward so that the T-shaped channel arrangement 284 the Read openings 274- * 276 and 278 bridged while the Reading opening 272, as can be seen in 3? Igure 12, closes.

Should a spin process be carried out and will If a corresponding command is issued by the control command carrier 124 of the programmer, the reading openings are opened L, M and N bridged by a channel 126 of the control command carrier, so that a vacuum is applied to a brake drive 286 can work. The brake drive 286 causes the brake to be released from the centrifugal drum 24 as soon as a vacuum comes into effect in it. The drive motor 52 can then drive the spin drum to carry out the spin process.

So when the lid is on, a negative pressure comes from the line 152 via the line 288, the reading opening 272, the channel arrangement 284, the reading opening 27 ² J and

909 8 05/0756

the line 290 finally to the reading opening N, which in turn can be bridged to the reading opening L, so that a vacuum reaches the brake drive 286. This vacuum causes the brake drive 286, as already said, to release the brake of the centrifugal drum 24 ·, which can now be driven ,, At the same time the line 292 closed off from the vent opening 278 by the film 282 of the control command carrier, so that the atmospheric Pressure cannot reach the brake drive 282 and a vacuum is maintained in the drive 286 » So while the spinning process is being initiated by control commands running over other lines, it is the brake no longer applies to the basket or the centrifugal drum.

However, if the cover 62 is raised, so that the bridging element 280 is moved upward, the T-shaped cable assembly 284 bridges the openings 274, 276 and 278, as in Pigur 12 of the drawings by dashed lines Lines is indicated. In this operating state, atmospheric air can over from the vent opening 276 the channel arrangement 284, which has now been displaced upwards, and via the opening 278 and the line 292 according to the

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S3

Brake drive 286 come, which brings the brake into the operative position "as soon as atmospheric pressure on him works. Furthermore, the ambient pressure can also be applied via the channel arrangement 284 to the reading port 274 · and the line reach. As a result, the centrifugal drum 24 is decelerated very quickly when the cover 62 is once raised during the spinning process of the centrifugal drum should be · The centrifugal drum is stopped by the brake, regardless of whether the drive motor 52 works or not because the brake is designed to be more efficient than the drive motor · If necessary A slip clutch can be provided between the drive motor 52 and the centrifugal drum 24 · be.

Should the laundry load in the spin drum 24-a have impermissible imbalance, so that the stationary drum 22 and the centrifugal drum 24- in strong vibrations advised, the one in Mguren 14 · and 15 of the drawings indicated actuating pin 60 pushed by the swinging drum 22. Said actuating pin 60 is rigidly attached to a bridging element 296. The actuation pin pushes the bridging

909805/0756

element 296 against the force of a Bruokfedar 38 silts to the right with reference to the position shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 of the drawings "so that you are tall"; Hollowing out; 300 in the film 301 of the entire bridging element via the reading openings 30ir and 304 provided in a stationary reading head 306.If the unsteady operating state aa lasts, the hollow 300 is essentially continuously extended through the reading opening . 502 and 304 held? so de.3 the vacuum} which front over · the line 303 on the «xx Soha.ltantriel? 90 ζυ, ν B ^ einfliii ^ mig dei- Söhle'iciartoeliKe'bl M.rkte, now over the Leitimg 3 ^ 0 _s the Iiessöftna-js 304 _$ the _{Aushöhlune 300 $} the "Readingöffst ^ g 302" dis line 312 -uid die Leiüaas 3 * 1- ■ * ■ * · £ uoh auf len Eei-altan-üris'b 64 f.bert.ra ^? N wlz-dj wodure-.u der iiebenscliliiBscnaitsr 8S gsoffnst and the In · « i? rie "b0SiOt-Hi 52 © osrie dar Z ^ i-fcgabexiaotor? 2 abgaachalten who * lsn« Bie faach-iassMns kim dalier by AbscLaIc ^ mg the energy supply atissas

Id © Aus3iöh.lu: ag 300 is sufficiently large so that the tToerbrückuagselamsnt 296 even at a standstill over the opening 302 »iM 304 gohaltea m? D _$ when the TTOF ₄ SJe is stopped uad alc-ht au. the stop pin 60 aii · ™ lieg-fe * during de-a S «M-su.d-3r process iiatten d ± # canal ©

BAD ORhGiNAL

4-0 ~

U "c> ö ü s / 13 '/ 5 ü

Hi

of the control command carrier of the programmer bridges the reading openings L and Έ , so that a vacuum is maintained in the cavity 300 despite an influx of air through the opening 85. As a result, the shunt switch 82 is held in the open position and the drive motor 52 and the timer motor 72 remain switched off.

However, if the lid 62 is opened to examine, why the machine has been braked, ambient air is supplied from the openings 276 and 278 of the cover valve 66. This can then via line 292 to Read head opening L arrive, which at the time when the machine was switched off, was connected to the reading opening M to carry out the spinning process. The ambient air can therefore now flow via the line 316 and the line 310 to the cavity 300, so that the bridging element 296 can now be pressed to the left by the compression spring 296. By opening the Cover is therefore the responsive to unbalance valve 58 returned to the rest position after it has been through a Unbalance of the laundry load had been adjusted.

for all bridging elements described above

909805/0756

Kind, which is a film and bead-like formed therein Carry channels or cavities, a leaf spring can be provided, as shown in the drawings, however has not been described in detail above. Such a leaf spring can, for example, be shown in FIG 318 have indicated shape.

In the above valve forms according to the invention, the sliding over the opposite reading head Foil have the shape of a thin plastic sheet, which is so flexible that there is a vacuum in the area of a the reading opening is in close contact with the respective reading head surface ο The channels that are open at their ends, which are formed in the foils, have a certain inherent rigidity and are of the pressure difference between the generated vacuum and the ambient pressure are not compressed.

FIG. 4 shows a table from which it can be seen which reading openings are during the movement of the control command carrier of the timer can be bridged if the control command carrier with reference to the in Figure 4 The position shown in the drawings is moved to the left over the reading head 122. The control command carrier 124

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may be in the form of a sleeve that forms a loop around and wraps around read head 122 " Control command carrier 124 can, however, also be designed as a disk which is rotated about an axis perpendicular to the surface of the reading head 122 and its radial areas wander continuously over the reading head 122. It is now assumed that the dial 160 is in the ^ Position number 1 is set and that the main switch is brought into the on position by pulling out its handle. The main switch 80 remains in the on position or in the switch-off position, until one of them is switched off causing drive 322 to generate a vacuum. The switching drive 322 brings the main switch SO into the off or open position, if that won '. «= W.-ir'n at the end of a selected program on the Sölialtintrieb 322 is transmitted. The control command carrier 124 becomes moved automatically or by hand over the reading head 122 to the left until the setting Hummer 1 after the Table of Figure 4 of the drawings is reached, which corresponds to the 45-minute mark <. From Figure 4 it can be seen that that the following bridges are made in this position: The reading openings A, B, D and U are through a Channel 324 bridged. The reading ports G, Y and F become

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909806/075

bridged by a channel 326. The reading instructions,: Q and S, are transmitted through channels 32.8. J and k are sohlleBliah iu :: xi vent ** *, the control command str-ager 124 r-.it isr Yerbuaäeti environment, said Entlüfttmgscffnungeii are formed äiixilich _t as the opening shown in Jigur 3136 =

The canal 32 ^a - ha-a is in the form of a broad, narrow bead, while the groups 326 and 328 are broken up by their own canals which, when they are at their doorstep, are at the reading offices.

ds bridging dörsel'oea ^ crii ^ tia

At eier above ftrwälntsn Ir-ötriebnelMe d ^ r Maüoiixie is in position Ws.imzr 1 ge st ^ I It he Wäiilersohsibe \ / ird & ö YakuuiapiiiKpd 70 dar cn close öes Hais.pt ee & sltsrs 60 by hand in Batrieb gi ^ etst »The t? or? 0 mid 4er MascblnenantriebB3ic-gate 52 work ^ aö.ocii nocii nl-iht * because aie away & m the existing opening position of the IIebeii.aohi! .is ~ switch 82 due to the vacuum generated in the switching drive 84 is not yet in The circuit is drawn in on the base on the drive 84 is pushing - vacuum becomes νου. the? akuumpuffls.p @ 70 generated and from line 152 and ά © χ ·

BAD ORKSiNAL

O 9 3 O S / O? K f;

Transfer reading opening V. The latter is connected to the reading opening D via the channel 190 of the valve responsive to the water level, since this channel 190 bridges the openings 166 and 168, the latter being connected to the reading opening D via the line 170. The reading opening D is connected to the reading opening A via a channel 324, as a result of which a vacuum can reach the switching drive 84 via the line 314, which opens the shunt switch 82. This interrupts the operation of the timer motor 72 and the drive motor 52 while the drum of the washing machine is filled with cold water by creating a vacuum at the reading opening B by means of the bead-like channel. This vacuum at the reading opening B is transferred to the reading opening B *, which is now connected exclusively to the reading opening E ¹ by the selector disk 160 in position 1. For this reason, E ^! a vacuum is generated, which leads to the excitation of the vacuum drive 38 for the cold water valve, so that the cold water valve 158 is opened and the drum 22 is filled with cold water to the desired height before the timer motor 72 and the drive motor 52 can be put into operation.

The bridging of the reading opening V, G and 1 by the

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909805/0758

Bead-like channels 326 cause the motor reversing switch to be adjusted 86 in the position in which the stirrer is put into operation, which is achieved by transmission a vacuum on the pneumatic actuator 91 assigned to the stirrer drive takes place. Activation of the However, the stirrer drive cannot take place while the drum 22 is being filled, since this is responsive to the water level Valve 40 on the drive motor 52 has, as it were, disconnected from the circuit, so that it is switched off remains until the drum 22 has been filled with cold water.

If the filling of the drum 22 with cold water has now ended, the bridging element carrying the channel 190 in the valve 40 which responds to the upper water level is displaced upwards, whereby the reading openings 168 and 172 are connected to one another and the atmospheric pressure is conducted to the reading opening D. wirdo This atmospheric pressure is then transmitted from the channel 324 to the reading ports B, A and ü. ^{From here, the ambient pressure reaches the reading opening E 1} in the manner described above via the selector valve arrangement 154, 160 and can from here to the vacuum-actuated drive 38

909805/0756

Hi

of the cold water valve 158 act, which closes and terminates the cold water supply. At the same time, the atmospheric pressure is also communicated to the reading opening A, from where the air flows to the drive 84 of the bypass switch, so that it is closed and the timer motor 72 and the machine drive motor 52 are switched on, the timer motor 72 transports the control command carrier 124 on, while the machine motor 52 drives the stirrer 26 at a speed that has been divided on the controller 208 assigned to the stirrer. The Heglsr 208 provides a certain pressure which is applied to the actuator 22 ^iJ -: - <- ?. ", It? ^., Whereby the tension of the wedge giant 246 iicd * - ~ ^Α ·. ν * '.. <? ■ Speed of the gear 44 eiugas! reils tc ^^ - t _.:

The laundry is now subjected to a two-minute washing process in cold water, which on the Table according to ligur 4 of the drawings lasts approximately from the 45-minute mark to the 47-minute mark. the Initiation of a centrifugal process of the drum 22 is prevented during this time in that the dem Brake drive assigned reading opening L and the reading opening assigned to the drive on initiation of the spin process

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Opening M via suitable ventilation openings on the control command carrier 124 are connected to the free environment, which is indicated in the table according to FIG. 4 of the drawings by corresponding Symbols is indicated.

After the two-minute pre-wash in cold water, there is a pause of one minute, which is from the 47-minute mark to 48-minute mark.

This is followed by a spinning process, which begins with the 48-minute mark when the channel 330 opens the reading openings L, M and N bridged, while the leae openings G- and F are connected to the free environment.

Causes the bridging of the read ports L, M and N, that a vacuum is transmitted to the brake actuator 286, so that the brake is released from the centrifugal drum 24th The vacuum is from the main line 152 via the line 288, the cover valve 66, the line 290, the reading port N, the channel 350 and the reading port L after the drive 286 Bremsan out. The vacuum-operated drive 90 for initiating the sole oaring process receives a vacuum via the lee opening M, the line 316 and the line 308,

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0QQÖ05 / 07E6

VS

so that spinning takes place at the lowest speed. As a result, most of the water from the drum 22 and removed. The spin speed cannot be increased during this time, as the reading ports P and Q cannot bridged and so that no vacuum after the actuator can affect the drive speed.

When the control command carrier has exceeded the 49-minute mark, the channel 331 bridges the reading openings P and Q. This causes a regulated vacuum to reach the actuating drive 224 to influence the drive speed. The vacuum regulator 204 supplies this predetermined vacuum to the reading port P, provided that the water in the drum 22 has been pumped out to such a low level that the valve 42 responsive to the low water level moves ^{the channel 190 1 downward in a snap action} and the opening 166 'and 168 · bridged. Once this has happened, a regulated vacuum is passed from the vacuum regulator 204 to the actuating drive 224, as a result of which the sole oar speed increases. As already stated, the valve 42, which responds to a specific low water level, allows the spin speed to be increased only when the water in the drum 22

49 -

909805 / G7EG

SO

pumped out so far that the water level is below a certain level Value lies.

When the 50-minute mark is reached, the spin speed is reduced to the lowest possible value by turning in in the manner shown in FIG. 4, the reading opening Q is vented to the free environment. This can be done through ventilation openings of the type of ventilation opening 136 according to FIG. 3 of the drawings, soft wander over the reading opening Q. This means that atmospheric pressure is sent to the actuator 224, which reduces the speed of the gear 44 or the rotational speed of the V-belt 245.

At the time corresponding to the 50-minute mark is a rinsing consisting of a filling process and an emptying process by spraying cold water introduced into the slower rotating centrifugal drum 24 by the reading openings B, U, D and E through the channel 332 must be bridged. This spraying of water lasts for one minute, after which the reading openings B, U and E, as indicated in the table of Figure 4, are connected to the free environment, so that a further cold water supply is cut off. On the one who

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909805/0756

52-minute mark bypassing the corresponding point in time Channels 333 the reading openings P and Q, so that in the manner described above, the conditions for an enlargement the drive speed of the drum are given, the valve responding to the lower water level A high speed of the centrifugal drum is prevented as long as the drum 22 is not at a sufficiently low water level has been emptied.

Channel group 330 and channel group 333 each end at the 53V2 ~ minute mark. The centrifugal drum 24 can now be stopped.

At the 55 minute mark, channel 334 bypasses the Oil bridges V, J and K.

As a result, a vacuum is transmitted via the line 336 to the switching drive 522 causing the disconnection, so that this switching drive controls the main switch 80 open * and the ventilation valve 338 from the closed position 342 is moved into a position in which the vent opening 340 comes into effect.

How the other programs work and how they work

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909805 / 07B6

Sl

according to the table according to FIG. 4 of the drawings can easily be derived from the description of program number 1. Program number 8 at the beginning of the table according to I ¹ IgUr 4 and the beginning of programs 2 to 7 are each indicated in the figure of the drawings by corresponding numbers surrounded by a circle.

Programs 1 to 8 generate the following water temperatures during the washing process and during the rinsing process, each for certain types of fabric are best suited?

Voting Water temperature
Washing process Water temperature
Rinsing process 1 cold .A " 2 hot warm 3 hot cold 4th warm cold 5 hot cold 6th cold cold 7th warm cold 8th warm warm

909805/0756

S3

Under certain conditions, the features of the invention are also applicable to washing machines in which a container or basket ^ for the laundry with essentially horizontal axis is arranged in a also horizontally aligned stationary drum. Even with such Washing machines can do the washing or stirring process by slowly rotating the drum while the water level is running in the stationary drum has a certain upper value, which in turn is controlled by a water level valve can be in the manner of the valve 40 responding to the upper water level. The sole oaring process is achieved by driving the centrifugal drum at high speed, with the water level in the stationary Drum is below the predetermined value on the water level valve 42.

The centrifugal drum with a horizontal axis can in such washing machines both for the Waschbzw. Stirring process as well as for the sole ouding process in the same Direction to be driven. For this purpose, the motor is equipped with two speed levels and the switch drive then serves to switch on the motor winding assigned to the high speed, while the switching drive ° ß for Circuit of the associated with the low speed of the engine

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909805/0756

SI

Motor winding is used.

Also, the laundry container or centrifugal drum, which has a horizontal axis, can be equipped with a stirrer. be equipped, which here the form of within the
Drum may have arranged blades.

Such horizontal wave type washing machines are well known and do not require any further explanation in the context of this description.

9Ö88QS / Q7E6

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Safety control device for machines with an accessible via a closure member, means a drive in rotation displaceable machine part, in particular for machines with one reveal over one Encircling container accessible to the housing cover, characterized in that said drive (52) can be switched on or off via vacuum-operated control elements (90, 98), which in turn via lines (308, 316) are connected to a vacuum programmer (122, 124, 72), and that with the closure member (62) a programmer influencing switching valve (66) is coupled, which is a switching position in the open position of the closure member assumes, in which the programmer excitation of the vacuum-operated control organs in the sense of a Drive of the rotating machine part (24) prevents and which, in the closed position of the closure member, assumes a switching position in which the programmer has a Excitation of the vacuum-operated control elements in the sense of a drive of the rotating machine part allows (Figure 1). - 55 - 9Ö980S / 075B 2. Control device according to claim 1, characterized in that a by means of the switching valve (66) vacuum-operated control element (286) is adjusted, which in turn has a function on the rotating machine part (24) Acting braking device controls so that the brake in the open position of the closure member (62) to the rotating machine part is applied and vented in the closed position of the closure member (Figures 1 and 12). 3. Control device according to claim 1 or 2 _f, characterized in that the switching valve (66) coupled to the .Verschlußorgan (62) has a fixed reading head (270) with one hand (274-) with the vacuum programmer (122, 124, 72) and on the other hand (278) has read openings (272, 274-, 276, 278) which can be connected to the vacuum-operated control element (s) and a bridging element (280, 282) which can be moved back and forth past these read openings, in which channels (284- ) are provided, which bridge certain reading openings (274-, 276, 278) when the closure element is in the open position in such a way that excitation of the vacuum-actuated control elements is prevented in the sense of switching on the said drive (52), and those in turn when the closure element is in the closed position bridge certain reading openings (272, 274-) in such a way that an excitation 90980S / 07B8 of the vacuum-operated control elements in the sense of switching on the named drive becomes (! Figures Ί2 and 13). 4, control device according to claim 3, characterized in that the reading head (270) has two reading openings (272, 274-) which lie on a straight line which is essentially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the bridging element (280, 282), and two further reading openings (276 , 278), which lie on a straight line forming an obtuse angle to the direction of movement of the bridging element, and that the channels (284-) have the shape of a T »which in one position of the bridging element only has the first two reading openings and in another position of the Bridging element bridged one of the former and the two latter reading openings (Figure 12). 5. Control device according to claim 3 »characterized in that that the read head has two read openings, one facing the direction of movement of the bridging element are substantially perpendicular straight lines, and has two further reading openings on one. to the direction of movement of the bridging element - 57 - 909805/0759 SS straight lines forming obtuse angles and that the Channels have the shape of an angle which is in a Position of the bridging element only the two the former reading openings and in another Position of the bridging element one of the first-mentioned and the two last-mentioned reading openings bridged. 6ö control device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized characterized in that the actual bridging element has the form of an x flexible membrane (282) in which the channels (284) are formed and which is supported on its back by a resilient cushion » 7 * Pneumatic switching device, in particular for control devices according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a fixed reading head (192 or "192" or 306 or 2? 0), which is connected to a vacuum programmer (122, 124, / 2 ) connectable read ports (166, 168, 166 ^{1, 168?} or '304 or' 274), and by a l to this, pre 3seÖffnungen over and zurückbewegbares bridging element (186 or '186' or _ö 301 and 282, respectively) , in which channels (190 or "190 'or" 300 or 284) are provided, which in a certain position of the bridging - 58 - ^ 90S805 / 0758 1623599 S3 elementes a group of reading openings and in one other position of the bridging element each bridge a different group of reading openings. 8 _O Pneumatic switching device according to claim 7 *, characterized in that a certain number of the reading openings can be connected to a vacuum control system, that the reading head (270) also has two reading openings (272, 274) which lie on a straight line which is essentially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the bridging element , and two further reading openings (276, 278) which lie on a straight line forming an obtuse angle to the direction of movement of the bridging element and that finally the channels (284-) are shaped in such a way that in one position of the bridging element only the first two reading openings and in another position of the bridging element, one of the first-mentioned and the two last-mentioned reading openings are bridged (FIG. 12). 9 Pneumatic switching device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the said channels (284) Have a T-shape. 909805/0756 ΙΟ »Pneumatic switching device according to claim 8 or 9» characterized in that the bridging element is in the form of a flexible membrane (186 or 186 'or 301 or 282) has, in which the channels are formed and which are supported on their rear side by means of a resilient cushion will. 11. Pneumatic switching device according to claim 10, characterized in that the bridging element is biased by means of a spring (196 or »196 'or» 318) against the reading head (192 or, 192 ¹ or 270 or 306). 12 «Application of the control device according to one of claims 1 to 6 on automatic machines, in particular Household machines, for example automatic washing machines « - 60 - 909805/0756