DE1504771C

DE1504771C - Process for the production of a bolt or rod from glass fiber reinforced plastic and device for carrying out the process

Info

Publication number: DE1504771C
Authority: DE
Inventors: Der Anmelder Ist
Original assignee: Raupach, Friedrich, Dr Ing , 8600 Bamberg
Publication date: 1971-09-16

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bolzens oder Stabes aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff, der mindestens an einem Ende eine Befcstigiingsarmatur in Gestalt einer metallischen, mit eingedrückten Vertiefungen versehenenHülse aufweist.The invention relates to a method for producing a bolt or rod made of glass fiber reinforced Plastic with at least one end of a fastening armature in the form of a metal having depressed indentations provided sleeve.

Es ist bekannt, Bolzen oder Stäbe aus glasfaserverstärktem Gießharz herzustellen und sie als hochwertige, isolierende, unmagnetische Verbindungselemente, /.. B. zum Zusammenpressen von Eisenkernen im Transformatoren- und Elektromaschinenbau, zu verwenden.It is known to produce bolts or rods from glass fiber reinforced cast resin and to use them as high-quality, insulating, non-magnetic connecting elements, / .. B. for pressing together iron cores in transformer and electrical engineering.

So hat man beispielsweise die Bolzenlöcher des zusammenzupressenden Eisenkernes nach Einbringen der Glasfaserverstärkung zusammen mit auf beiden Seiten des Eisenkernes aufgesetzten Formen für die Bolzenköpfe mit aushärtbarem Niederdruckharz, vorzugsweise Epoxydharz, ausgegossen. Oder man hat ohne oder mit einem Bolzenkopf vorgefertigte Bolzen aus glasfaserverstärktem Epoxydharz in die Bolzenlöcher eingeführt und zwei Bolzenköpfe bzw. nur einen mittels entsprechender Formen angegossen. Die so hergestellten Verbindungselemente weisen zwar eine ausreichende Zugfestigkeit im eigentlichen Bolzen, nicht aber an den angegossenen Bolzenköpfen auf, auch wenn sich die Glasfaserverstärkung bis in die Bolzenköpfe erstreckt. Insbesondere aber ist das Ausgießen der Bolzenlöcher mit dem glasfaserverstärkten Gießharz, sowie auch das Angießen der Bolzenköpfe sehr umständlich, zeitraubend und aufwendig, zumal es ja am fertig aufgebauten Eisenkern erfolgen muß.For example, you have the bolt holes of the iron core to be pressed together after it has been introduced the glass fiber reinforcement together with molds for the Bolt heads filled with curable low-pressure resin, preferably epoxy resin. Or one has prefabricated bolts made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin with or without a bolt head in the Bolt holes introduced and two bolt heads or only one cast on using appropriate molds. The connecting elements produced in this way actually have sufficient tensile strength Bolts, but not on the cast bolt heads, even if the glass fiber reinforcement extends into the bolt heads. In particular, however, is the pouring of the bolt holes with the glass fiber reinforced Cast resin, as well as casting on the bolt heads, is very cumbersome, time-consuming and expensive, especially since it has to be done on the finished iron core.

Diese Nachteile hat man dadurch zu vermeiden versucht, daß man die aus glasfaserverstärktem Epoxydharz für sich hergestellten, an einem Ende einen Kopf aufweisenden Bolzen mit einem Schraubengewinde versehen hat, das eingeschnitten oder eingeschliffen wird. Bei dieser Art der Gewindeherstellung durch eine spanabhebende Bearbeitung werden aber die Glasfasern im Bereich des Gewindes durchgetrennt, so daß die Festigkeit der Gewindegänge stark herabgesetzt wird.Attempts have been made to avoid these disadvantages by making those made of glass fiber reinforced Epoxy resin produced for itself, a bolt having a head at one end with a screw thread has provided that is cut or ground in. With this type of thread production by machining, however, the glass fibers are removed in the area of the thread severed so that the strength of the threads is greatly reduced.

Wohl ist es schon bekannt, metallische Hülsen mit Einkerbungen zur Verbindung von elektrischen Leitern, insbesondere Leiterseilen miteinander zu verwenden. Bei diesen sogenannten Kerbverbindern wird das Leitermaterial — in der Regel Kupfer — über die Fließgrenze hinausgedrückt und verformt, um eine gute Verbindung zwischen der Hülse und den Leitern herzustellen. Bei dem Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung soll dagegen eine solche Verformung der Glasfasern gerade vermieden werden, weil sie zu einer Verringerung der Festigkeit des Bolzens führen würde. Das Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung hat auch wesentliche Vorteile gegenüber einem vorbekannten Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bolzens aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff, der mindestens an einem Ende eine Befestigungsarmatur in Gestalt einer metallischen, mit eingedrückten Vertiefungen versehenen Hülse aufweist. Denn bei den gemäß diesem vorbekannten Verfahren hergestellten glasfaserverstärkten Gicßharzbolzcn befindet sich der Glasfaserstran« nur im Kern oder in der Seele des Gießharzes, und das Gießharz wird in die als Befestigungsarinatiir dienende Hülse eingegossen. Derartige glasfaserverstärkte Gießharzliolzcii haben nicht eine derart erhülilc Festigkeit im Bereich der iiefestigimgsarmalur wie die nach dem Verfahren der Erfindung hcir.estclllcn ",lasfaserverstärkten Bolzen oder Stäbe.It is well known to have metallic sleeves with notches for connecting electrical conductors, especially to use conductors together. With these so-called notch connectors the conductor material - usually copper - is pushed beyond the flow limit and deformed, to make a good connection between the sleeve and the conductors. In the procedure according to the invention, however, such a deformation of the glass fibers should be avoided because they too would lead to a reduction in the strength of the bolt. The method according to the invention also has significant advantages over a previously known method for producing a bolt from glass fiber reinforced Plastic, at least at one end a mounting fitting in the form of a has metallic, provided with depressed indentations sleeve. Because with those according to this glass-fiber-reinforced cast resin bolts produced by prior art methods, the glass-fiber strand is located only in the core or in the soul of the casting resin, and the casting resin is used as a fastening device Casting serving sleeve. Such glass fiber reinforced Gießharzliolzcii do not have such a gain Strength in the area of iiefestigimgsarmalur such as that hcir.estclllcn according to the method of the invention ", fiberglass-reinforced bolts or rods.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zu finden, die eine Fertigung eines Bolzens oder Stabes der in Rede stehenden Gattung ermöglichen, der über seinen ganzen Querschnitt mit Glasfasern verstärkt ist. Das Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zunächst ein Glasfaserstrang von entsprechender Länge mit dem flüssigen Kunststoff, z. B. Epoxydharz, imprägniert wird, darauf derThe invention is based on the object of a method and a device for implementation of the process to find a production of a bolt or rod of the genus in question enable, which is reinforced with glass fibers over its entire cross-section. The procedure is through characterized in that first a glass fiber strand of the appropriate length with the liquid plastic, z. B. epoxy resin, is impregnated on it

ίο imprägnierte Glasfaserstrang in ein als Formteil dienendes, ihn eng umschließendes Rohr und in die metallische Hülse bzw. Hülsen eingebracht und zusammen mit dem Rohr und der bzw. den Hülsen in eine Form eingelegt wird, in der die Vertiefungen in die Hülse bzw. Hülsen eingedrückt werden, und daß anschließend der Kunststoff ausgehärtet wird. Vorzugsweise werden die Stärke des imprägnierten Glasfaserstranges und der Innendurchmesser des Rohres und der Hülse bzw. Hülsen so gewählt, daß beim Einführen des Stranges in das aus dem Rohr und der Hülse bzw. den Hülsen bestehende hohle Gebilde der überschüssige Kunststoff abgestreift wird. Die Vertiefungen werden zweckmäßig so eingedrückt, daß der die einzelnen Glasfasern umgebende Kunststoffilm durch den bei der Herstellung der Vertiefungen ausgeübten Druck nahezu vollständig verdrängt wird. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Vertiefungen jeweils immer an zwei radial einander gegenüberliegenden Stellen der Hülse eingedrückt werden und jeweils benachbarte Vertiefungspaare um 90° auf dem Umfang der Hülse versetzt angeordnet werden.ίο impregnated fiberglass strand in a serving as a molded part, it tightly enclosing tube and introduced into the metallic sleeve or sleeves and together is inserted with the tube and the or the sleeves in a form in which the wells in the sleeve or sleeves are pressed in, and that the plastic is then cured. Preferably be the strength of the impregnated fiberglass strand and the inside diameter of the pipe and the sleeve or sleeves selected so that when the strand is inserted into the tube and the sleeve or the sleeves existing hollow structure, the excess plastic is stripped off. The depressions are expediently pressed in so that the plastic film surrounding the individual glass fibers almost completely displaced by the pressure exerted during the production of the depressions will. It is particularly advantageous if the depressions are always on two radially opposite one another Places the sleeve are pressed in and adjacent pairs of recesses by 90 ° be arranged offset on the circumference of the sleeve.

Die nach dem Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung hergestellten Bolzen oder Stäbe weisen eine erhöhte Festigkeit im Bereich der Befestigungsarmatur auf, so daß die Beanspruchungsmöglichkeit des ganzen Bolzens oder Stabes im Vergleich zu allen oben erwähnten bekannten Anordnungen erheblich und auf einfache Weise erhöht wird.The bolts or rods produced by the method according to the invention have an increased Strength in the area of the mounting armature, so that the stress possibility of the whole Bolt or rod compared to all of the above-mentioned known arrangements and on easy way is increased.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des vorstehend geschilderten Verfahrens. Sie ist gekennzeichnet durch zwei mit einstellbarem Abstand voneinander auf einem Fundament befestigte Formteile, in die die metallischen Hülsen und die Enden des'als Formteil dienenden, nicht metallischen Rohres einlegbar sind, und durch in den Formteilen vorgesehenen Bohrungen, in die Preßstifte zum Eindrücken der Vertiefungen in die Hülsen einführbar sind.The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method described above. It is characterized by two with adjustable distance from each other on a foundation fastened molded parts into which the metallic sleeves and the ends of the molded part are used, Non-metallic pipe can be inserted, and through holes provided in the molded parts into which Press pins for pressing the depressions can be inserted into the sleeves.

In den Fi g. 1 und 2 ist in zwei um 90° versetzten Längsschnitten ein nach dem Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung hergestellter Bolzen dargestellt, der an beiden Enden eine Befestigungsarmatur in Gestalt eines Schraubengewindes aufweist. Mit 11 ist ein Hartpapierrohr bezeichnet, an dessen beiden Enden sich zwei metallische, z. B. aus Stahl bestehende Hülsen 12 und 13 anschließen. In dieses hohle Gebilde 11, 12, 13 ist glasfaserverstärktes Epoxydharz 14 eingebracht. Die Glasfasern verlaufen in Richtung der Bolzenachsc, wie dies durch die in 14 eingezeichneten Striche angedeutet ist. Das Einbringen des glasfaserverstärkten Epoxydharzes erfolgt zweckmäßig in der Weise, daß der vorher mit dem Harz getränkte, imprägnierte Glasfaserslrang entsprechender StärkeIn the Fi g. 1 and 2 are in two offset by 90 ° Longitudinal sections of a bolt produced by the method according to the invention, the bolt on both Has ends a fastening fitting in the form of a screw thread. At 11 is a hard paper tube referred to, at both ends of which there are two metallic, z. B. made of steel sleeves Connect 12 and 13. Glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin 14 is introduced into this hollow structure 11, 12, 13. The glass fibers run in the direction of the bolt axis, as indicated by that shown in FIG Lines is indicated. The glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin is expediently introduced in the way that the previously impregnated with the resin, impregnated glass fiber strand of appropriate strength

und Länge in das Gebilde 11, 12, 13 hineingezogen wird. Jede von ilen beiden Hülsen 12 und 13 weist mehrere, /.. B. sechs eingedrückte Vertiefungen auf.and length drawn into the structure 11, 12, 13 will. Each of ilen two sleeves 12 and 13 has several, / .. B. six indented depressions on.

Claims

3 43 4

These depressions, of which those on the sleeve are denoted by 15 to 20 due to the pressure applied to the bctrcf-12, are almost completely displaced. For a particularly firm connection between the interstices between the glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin 14 lying next to one another and the two glass fibers, there is of course still resin. Before the sleeves 12 and 13 after the resin has hardened. The 5 hardening of the resin will now be the depressions, depressions 15, 16 or 17, 18 or 19, 20 are pressed into the sleeves. For this purpose are in each case radially opposite one another; The latter are, however, on the molded part 26, offset by? 0 ° on the circumference of the sleeve 12 in the plane of the drawing. Of the six depressions 15 to 18 (see FIG. 1) located on the sleeve 13, and two borrowed depressions, only four can be seen in FIG . These six encryption bare holes for the pressing of 9 () ^'J recesses are in the same manner on the sleeve 13 translated recesses 19, 20 (s. Fig. 2) is provided, arranged like the recesses 15 to 20 on the corresponding The molded part sleeve 12 has bores 40 to 43 on the outside of the two sleeves 12 and 13 27 for pressing in the depressions 21 to 24 threads are cut open. 15 of the sleeve 13 (Fig. 1). From the two holes,

3 and 4 show, in two sections, an exemplary embodiment for pressing in the vertie offset by 90 ° for a device for producing this sleeve, only one is shown in FIG. 3 represent the bolts or rods according to the invention. labeled 44 visible. To impress the This device consists of a foundation 25, depressions 15, 16 (see FIG. 1) become the ones in FIG. 5 on which two mold parts 26 and 27 rest, the former die 45 shown in FIG. 20 with the interchangeable die 45 shown in FIG In the longitudinal direction in a guide groove 28 slidably attached to him press pin 46 in the bore 36 and and by means of a screw bolt 29 in the respectively shown in FIG. 6 shown press pin 47, which is in a desired distance from the other molded part 27, bearing plate 48 is attached, entered into the bore 37 through the length of the bolt to be produced.

detectable. Both the molded part 26 and the 25. The punch 45 sits in a press that forms the stem-molded part 27 is designed in two parts with horizontal pel 45 with the press pin 46 pushes downward, elective Parting lines 30 and 31, respectively. The two half-ends at the same time the press pin 47, its bearing plate th of each molded part are guided by 48, not shown, in the groove 49 of the frame 25, according to Bolts held together; in Fig. 4 are pushed up so that the sleeve 12 on the two stilts of the threaded holes, namely 32 and 33 30 len where the opposing to recognize these screw bolts. Press pins 46 and 47 rest, correspondingly turned-in the opened mold parts 26, 27 will push the two. Then the remaining indentations become non-metallic Sleeves 12, 13 and the ends of the Hartgen pressed one after the other in the same way, paper tube 11 inserted, as in the case of the molded part 26 is shown. The molded part 27 is cured for better 35 fiberglass-reinforced epoxy resin. To Understanding without inserted sleeve 13 and hard- the hardening will be after removing the form paper tube drawn. The hard paper tube 11 forms parts 26 and 27 (possibly also only as that is, together with the molded parts 26, 27, the molded part serving the pipe) from the sleeves 12 for producing the bolt, but remains in the joint and 13 protruding ends of the fiberglass strand contrast to the latter on the bolt. After being sanded down and put on the outside of the two sleeves Set and screw the form is cut open with the thread, at the points at Epoxy resin soaked, impregnated glass fiber strand with the indented indentations, through one of the openings 34, 35 in the hollow gaps in the threads, which, however form, consisting of the sleeve 12, the hard paper do not interfere.

tube 11 and the sleeve 13, so that the 45 Die after the process or with a device

Ends of the strand more or less from the opening produced according to the invention or bolts

openings 34, 35 of the two molded parts 26, 27 protrude rods are not only for pressing together

stand. But it is also possible to use the impregnated iron cores of transformers, measuring transducers,

Fiberglass strand through the hard paper reactors and electrical machines, but rather

tube 11 to pull through and on its ends the 50 in general as an insulating and also non-magnetic

Hülsenl2, 13 put on, whereupon this structure in table connection or construction elements with

the molded parts 26, 27 are inserted accordingly and can advantageously be used, in particular also on such

whose halves are screwed together. Places where in the electric or magnetic

When it comes to the manufacture of bolts, field high forces, e.g. B. short-circuit forces, absorbed

delts that do not have to be wrapped in a hard paper tube 11,
are, instead of the hard paper tube, an only as

Used pipe serving as a molded part, which then according to patent claims:
Completion of the bolt as well as the molded parts

26, 27 is removed from the bolt, removed 1. Method for producing a bolt or

and is accordingly also made in two parts. 60 rod made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, the

When the impregnated glass fiber strand is introduced into the hollow structure 12, 11, 13 at least at one end, the over-fitting in the form of a metallic one-shot resin is stripped off; because the glass fiber strand on the sleeve provided with depressions should completely fill the structure, but only in such a way that it shows, characterized in that, when the strand is drawn into the next, a glass fiber strand of the corresponding structure does not tear. There remains, therefore, around every one length with the liquid plastic, 1. B. LIpoxulzelne glass fiber, an enveloping resin film, which is impregnated with resin, then the impregnated 1Ι1.Ύ subsequent production of the indentations glass fiber strand in a serving as a molded part, him

tightly enclosing tube (11) and introduced into the metallic sleeve or sleeves (12, 13) and together with the tube and the sleeve or sleeves is placed in a mold in which the Depressions (15 to 24) are pressed into the sleeve or sleeves, and then that the plastic is hardened.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the strength of the impregnated Glass fiber strand and the inner diameter of the pipe and the sleeve or sleeves are selected that when the strand is inserted into the tube and the sleeve or sleeves Existing hollow structures of the excess plastic is stripped off.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the depressions are pressed in be that the plastic film surrounding the individual glass fibers through the at the pressure exerted during the production of the depressions is almost completely displaced.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the depressions are always are pressed in at two radially opposite points of the sleeve and each adjacent pairs of recesses are arranged offset by 90 ° on the circumference of the sleeve.

5. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1, 3 or 4, characterized by means of two molded parts attached to a foundation with adjustable spacing from one another (26, 27) into which the metallic sleeves (12, 13) and the ends of the molded part are not metallic tube (11) can be inserted, and through holes provided in the molded parts insertable into the pressing pins (46, 47) for pressing the depressions into the sleeves (12, 13) are.

1 sheet of drawings