DE1496599A1 - Process for making glass - Google Patents

Description

Onoda Cement Company, Limited, Onodd / Japan

Process for making glass

The invention relates to a method of manufacture of glass.

For the production of the usual soda and potash glasses so far always quartz or quartz sand as a silicate component © and sodium or Potassium carbonate is used as an AIkai) component of the Giasos. at the production of a high quality glass using a These components containing glassware result due to the

New documents (Art. 7, Paragraph 2, No. 1, Clause 3 of the Amendment Act of 4.9.1967 /

9 0 980-3 / 0780 "

The fact that the molten glass bubbles of undissolved and dissolved gases contains, certain © difficulties. Therefore, one is proportionate to eliminating the bubbles and refining the molten glass required a long time during which the molten glass severely attacks the refractory lining of the furnace and the quality of the Glass is very affected.

The invention is therefore based on the object that with the previous way of making soda or wharf glasses To eliminate disadvantages and, in particular, to provide a method that results in the production of high-quality glass short melting time allows.

It has now been found that this object is achieved can be made from Crlstobalit, Trldyrnit or Opal resp. from a mixture of these substances as a mineral component and, based on the raw material not containing the alkaline component, 5 up to 30% by weight sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide as alkali component with the addition of, based on the weight of the dry raw material mixture of the Giassatzes, 5 to 20% by weight of water an agglomerate and this is transferred to a glass melting furnace.

Thus, according to the invention, instead of quartz or quartz sand used as a silicate component of the glass Cristoballt, Trldymit or Opal. Suitable silicate minerals can be found in Japan, for example

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on the island of Iwo and Im Beppu-DIstrikt *

According to the invention of the glass is as AIkaiIkomponente instead of sodium or potassium carbonate, a caustic alkali such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide _f, are used.

. This replacement of the alkali carbonate by the hydroxide was. de previously suggested, DI © substances could be however, until now it did not prevail as it was the refractory lining of the glass furnace or the glass harbors attack and corrode with the silicate before the reaction.

However, if you use these substances together with the ones mentioned S111 catm I ne ra 11 s, then you can distinguish the reaction between two see the components of the glassware and the condition of the molten one Glass has essentially the same proportions as in its manufacture the usual soda or kall glasses.

The insulating materials used in the process according to the invention are of such a structure that they can easily be converted into a vitreous Mass are convertible · In addition, they can also be made easier react with the alkali than is the case with quartz or silica 1st.

909 SO 3 / 078Ö

Also have the caustic alkalis used according to the invention a higher responsiveness than those commonly used Carbonates of sodium or potassium. This fact also carries contributes to the fact that dleSiUkate is easily converted into a glassy mass can be.

Some of the alkali used can be replaced by alkali carbonates, pass "through those of sodium and potassium, or" a mixture of these substances can be replaced «Cs has been shown that - provided that the proportion of the as a substitute for the caustic alkalis alkali carbonates used is below 50% - no significant extension the Herste! tent of the glass takes place "

- The proportion of caustic alkalis or mixtures of caustic alkalis. and alkali carbonates is 5 to 30% by weight, based on the dry mixture of the raw material, which does not yet contain the alkali component of the glass. '- .. "''■.'

The mixture of silicates and deh basic substances is partly in the presence of water with each other to and is thereby gradually stiff so as & therefrom the Bitdung vonAgglomerate "If possible," Here is ik> r proportion of water added is preferably 5 to 20%, based on the weight of the dry mixture of glass raw materials «- -.-- '- ■ · ■ · ' - - ■; ·; ·· '.« _; νΐ ^; · ·, * - ;; ίϊϊ.; Ι; ^ - "** ;; -" ■? yAv

9 0 9 $ m / ftf 8 & - ■ £ *

The agglomeration stage of the raw material mixture takes place preferably in the usual rotating pelletizing machines, for example those of the drum, cone or pan design,

In such a case, the proportion of water, based on the weight of the dry mixture of raw materials in the glassware, can be 10 to 20%. The water is mixed with the mixture, for example by spraying it on while the pelletizing machine is in operation. Oils use of such a pelletizing machine allows the elimination of the process stage of grinding the raw materials. In addition, the penetration of impurities, such as powdered iron or other foreign substances, which could stain the finished glass in undesired catfish, can be avoided.

It is well known that in the manufacture of the ubiquitous soda or quay glasses, small bubbles are formed in the course of the glass flow, which increase the volume of the molten glass, so that it takes a long time before these bubbles are removed again.

Even with the process according to the invention, a certain amount of bubble formation occurs in the run-up to the glass flow, but the bubbles are so large that they can be easily removed from the melt and therefore do not increase the volume of the mass.

BATH ORIGINAL

The tent is used to refine the molten glass reduced to half that of the usual method is required for the production of soda or potash glasses. The invention therefore allows a high quality glass in relatively short tent and at a relatively low temperature, without the refractory lining of the glass furnace or the Glass ports is attacked.

In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with the aid of a few examples explained:

Example 1;

A mixture of 100 parts of silicate (Insel Iwo), 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of sodium nitrate, 3 parts of potassium carbonate, 0.5 part of arsenic acid and 0.5 part of anti-mon- {in)> * oxide was with the addition of an aqueous solution of 27 Parts sodium hydroxide and 30 parts water formed into flakes with a size of 13 15 χ 5 up to 15 χ 20 χ 5 mm. The silicate used had the following composition:

Heat loss 0.7%

SiO ₉ 97.3%

Q, 04%

The flakes obtained were melted in a glass furnace at a temperature of 1400.degree. C. in the course of 2 hours received high quality qias.

BATH ORIGINAL

Example 2;

A mixture of 100 parts of soil containing mineral acid (Beppu-DI strictly) 25 parts of sodium hydroxide, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of sodium nitrate, 3 parts of potassium carbonate, 0.15 parts of arsenic acid and 0.5 parts of Antlmon (III) oxide was In a pelletizing machine Kegelbauart mixed with 30 parts of water to form pellets with a particle size of 20 to 50 mm. The silicate used possessed the following composition:

GlUhverJust 3.8%

S! O 91.8% -

Al O 1.9%

Ure ^ C ^ 0.2%

The pellets obtained were placed in a glass port at a temperature of 1400 ° melted in the course of 2 1/2 hours and yielded a high quality glass,

Example 3 i '■■■>.' --.- ·.: ■; ■■ .-. $ ·. ■ ■ _ ..;,, ·. -

A mixture of 100 parts of the silicate of Example 1, 1 ©, 7

- ·· - ■ -. - / '> -. <! tA ^ .- ■ -., ■ = e? h -Or ^^ - .for. · -. ' , * -'- :. -. ■ - - - ■ parts of sodium hydroxide, 10 parts of sodium carbonate, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of sodium nitrate, 3 parts of potassium saffronate, 0.5 part of arsenic acid · and 0.5 part of antimony {III) - * oxide would be mixed with 28 parts of water in a drum type pelletizing machine to form pellets having a particle size of 20 to 50 mm. These pellets were melted in a glass port at a temperature of 1400 ° fm for 3 hours and resulted in a high-quality glass.

BATH

Example 4s

A mixture of 100 parts of the silicate of Example 1, 10 Parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of sodium nitrate, 3 parts of potassium carbonate, 0.5 part of antimony (III) oxide and 0.5 part of arsenic acid were placed in a pan-type pelletizer with a diameter of 600 mm, a slope of 58 ° and a speed of 22 revolutions / minute Introduced at a rate of 1.5 kg per minute «Simultaneously The pelletizer was allowed to run at 0.46 liters per minute 50% 3gen caustic soda flow to pellets with a particle size of: 13 to 15 mm to form «These pellets were in a glass port at a Temperature of 1400 ° Melted over 2 hours and yielded with a high quality glass. .

Example 5t

A mixture of 100 parts of the silicate of Example 1, 10 Parts calcium carbonate, 3 parts sodium nitrate and 0.5 parts antimony (III) oxide was placed in a pelletizer at an amount of 4.5 kg per minute the drum type with a diameter of 500 mm, one Length of 600 mm, an incline to the horizontal of 7 ° and a speed introduced at 25 revolutions / minute. At the same time, one injected In the pelletizing machine 1 "38 liters per minute of a 50% Igen sodium hydroxide solution with 0.5 part of arsenic acid to produce pellets with a particle size of Form 10 to 20 mm. These pellets were in a glass port at a Temperature of 1400 ° Melted in the course of 21/2 hours to produce a high quality glass.

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Example 6:

Pellets were prepared in the same manner as in Examples 4 and 5 using a mixture of 100 parts of the silicate of Example 1, 18.8 parts of calcium catenate, 1.3 parts Clay and 30 parts of water with a content of 23.5 parts of potassium hydroxide " These pellets were melted in a glass port at a temperature of 1400 ° for 2 hours to give high quality glass.

Example 7:

Pellets were made in the same way as in Examples 4 and 5 prepared using a mixture of 100 parts of the silicate of Example 1, 18.8 parts of calotum carbonate, 13 parts Potassium carbonate, 1.3 parts of clay and 30Tei.len water with a content of 13 parts of Kai lumhydroxyd. These pellets were in a glass harbor melted at a temperature of 1400 ° in the course of 2 1/2 hours and resulted in a high quality glass

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Claims (2)

- 10 - ' U9659-9 Claims 1 α Process for the production of glass, characterized in that it is first made of cristobal it, tridymite or opal or a mixture of these substances as the mineral component and, based on the raw material not containing the alkaline component, 5 to 30% by weight of sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide as an alkali component with the addition of, based on the weight of the dry raw material mixture of the gas charge, 5 to 20% by weight of water forms an agglomerate and this is transferred to a glass melting furnace. 2 «Method according to claim 1, characterized» that the sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide partially through replaces an alkali carbonate, 3 _{0 The} method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the agglomerates are produced using a conventional pelletizing machine New Untßi'lagüH '. Art. '' §-l Abs. 2 No. 1 sentence 3 of the ÄncJarungsgea. v. 4. 9. \ 9 $ ψ 9 0 9803/0780