DE1494993C3 - Manufacture of polyolefin cans for motor oils - Google Patents

Description

3 4

no wavelength more than 15%, in particular 10%, pigments are preferred according to type, amount and, if appropriate, mi 7 ° / o. Use a particularly good effect.

is achieved when the light permeability is below you are not exposed to strongly remitting pigments, 4.5% is · especially white pigments such as titanium dioxide (rutile-in such a polyolefin is in particular present, 5 form) zinc sulfide etc. instructed, but can be without if one qualitatively and quantitatively expediently further pigmented in colored pigments to a large extent Polyolefin used. set.

Mineral oil cans made from polyolefins, which contain the so-called poorly absorbent and / or remitted Conditions related to the light transmission in the rendering pigments to the demands made down to ultraviolet and in the visible area are sufficient, can visually fulfill the permeability, in higher nen under the same external conditions z. B. Concentration must be used, recommends With regard to climate and air pressure, it was considerably longer, if only with regard to the processing camps are made from polyolefins of normal availability, smaller amounts of well-covering pigments To use light transmission without showing sink marks.

Provided that the cans have the same shape, size and wall, for example titanium dioxide (have rutile strengths and under the same conditions be KB) over 3 percent by weight, preferably over 4, have been filled. weight percent, especially more than 6 weight percent. B. low pressure or cent, the total mixture with the polyolefin. A high-pressure polyethylene which has a particularly good effect over 3 percent by weight is achieved with 8 and more percent by weight of titanium dioxide (rutile BK), over 4 percent by weight of _ao percent titanium dioxide. Such mixtures can be processed sufficiently zinc sulfide-nickel sulfide-yellow or more than 2 weight. It also contains a percentage of titanium dioxide plus 2 percent by weight of zinc - excellently usable are pigmentations with sulfide. Soft yellow over 4 percent by weight, preferably over substances that let through little light and little light 6%, in particular over 8%; the factual tone can remit, absorb light and convert it to _a5 yellow with somewhat improved success, partly through heat. Heat allows plastics to be replaced to a greater or lesser extent for titanium dioxide. Pigmentations with 2 softeners, so the cans can be slightly deformed by about weight percent titanium dioxide and over 2 weight percent tensions or pressure differences of zinc sulfide or zinc oxide, preferably 2 weight percent. At the same time the percentage of titanium dioxide heated and about 4 weight percent zinc contents of the can, and the trapped air causes by ₃₀ sulfide or zinc oxide, in particular 2 Gewichtsihre expansion an internal pressure indicates the encryption percent titanium dioxide and may lead to more than 8 weight percent zinc formations by itself. Finally, sulfide, or zinc oxide, are also very effective, all of them. Processes in and on the can, in particular pigmentation with metal powders, have a relatively low swelling of the can walls, and a very low light-permeable, high temperature, with high remission. Warming is therefore possible ₃₅ ness. Successfully applicable, over 0.2 should be avoided by weight, the simplest way is by coloring percent aluminum or brass powder (rich gold) with strongly remitting, i.e. white, pigments. preferably above 0.5 percent by weight, especially when other shades are to be used, ie above 1%. and in each case alone or in combination if the colored polyolefin to be used is low with other white, color or black pigments. Has one or low remission in _{some areas, a} very good effect is achieved with 2 and more weight products. It is very effective to make increased demands on mixed universities. In this context, it was further found that such a polyolefin is particularly useful, nickel sulfide yellow or other color pigments, and that with a layer thickness of 0.50 mm at no wavelength 45 over 0.5 percent by weight of metal powder and in the range of visible light a permeability of over 1 percent by weight of titanium dioxide or zinc sulfide of more than 10%, preferably 5%, in particular nickel sulfide yellow, also with the addition of dyes 2%, if the remission is not caused by any waves - or pigments, preferably over 0.5 percent by weight, is more than 50% in length. It was also found that metal powder and over 2 percent by weight of titanium dioxide, with further decreasing remission, a lower 50 or zinc sulfide-nickel sulfide yellow, especially over permeability, is required, so that, for example, 1 percent by weight of metal powder and over 4 percent by weight, under the same conditions mentioned, the light percent of titanium dioxide or sachton yellow. In this case, permeability at all wavelengths below 4%, titanium dioxide or soft yellow, should also be wholly or partially, preferably 2%, in particular 1%. by other white pigments, e.g. B. zinc sulfide or particularly beneficial has a light permeability 55 zinc oxide, or other yellow pigments, z. B. less than 0.5% at all wavelengths of the visible Lieh cadmium sulfide or nickel titanium yellow, are replaced, tes off. This is particularly important for all black poly- As color pigments and dyes can be required alone as well as olefins whose remission is below 5% in connection with other color pigments or color at all wavelengths. substances, white pigments, black pigments and / or from such pigmented polyolefins 60 or metal powders can be used, for. B. cadmium in a known manner, for example by the pale yellow, cadmium red, green pigment, ultramarine blue, or deep-drawing process, cans are made that cobalt blue, nickel titanium yellow, etc. B. soot, as well as other black pigments, positional conditions and within the pre- such as antimony black.

times seen no longer show sink marks. 65 It is well known that plastics are high Usually the remission increases with increasing pigmentation. It is known to have high pigmentation the pigments used; found a low light transmission with the help of the animal-based plastics Dependence can easily be seated appropriately. However, it is to a large extent surprising and

was in no way to be expected that the issue of light transmission was crucial to the problem of Sink marks are, since attempts have been made so far without any noteworthy success, the swelling, in particular the To remove mineral oil packaging or to hide or show signs of warpage by shaping it. Compensate for pressure fluctuations through complicated technical tricks. For this reason are Polyolefin cans, the light transmission and remission of which follow the claimed conditions, so far, especially with mineral oil packaging, not yet. been used.

Examples

Low-pressure polyethylene is colored with various pigments, dyes and metal powders. The experiments are arranged in a table for the sake of clarity. Besides the type of coloring are Maximum light transmission or remission of the mixtures in question, measured on a thickness of 0.50 mm Plates, indicated. The relevant wavelengths, in which the specified maximum values occur, are also listed. In the right column it is noted how long and exactly the same manufactured and cans immediately filled with a commercial two-stroke oil with simultaneous storage under the same Withstand climatic conditions without showing sink marks, always the ratio of the storage times of containers colored according to the claims during storage of non-colored or normal white pigmented cans. The best colors have the highest numbers.

In addition to the numbered examples, some unnumbered counterexamples are given that indicate how

ίο the same cans made of low-pressure polyethylene with usual coloring.

The time ratios given in the examples can vary insofar as the consistency, z. B. the viscosity, also additives and admixtures, as they are z. B. are common with two-stroke oils, an influence on the sink marks. However, the tests relate to the same commercially available two-stroke oil and coincide completely with a parallel series of tests in which a multigrade oil is used would.

It can be seen from the information that, if the rules given are observed, mixtures can easily be made can find out from which cans can be made that meet all practical requirements

as does justice to the resistance to sink marks will.

3 weight percent Maximum light transmission of a wavelength or in ηιμ in the visible 630 Maximum remission 85 425 ΐημ 760 Ratio of against- normal 2.5 Remarks 1 yellow ] normal 4th Pigments in the at a wavelength range <400 ° / o Γπμ in a wavelength 87 425 until 760 Times until over White
pigmen 3 Recipe 6th finished mixture <400 14th 760 630 88 425 until 760 Invaders tied 4.5 "yellow", Ώαϊ 8th - <400 10 760 90 425 until 760 unge
colored Cans 6th not from I3C1-
game 11th m ultraviolet <400 7th 760 Area 90 425 until 760 6.5 8th reaching 20th Rutile KB %> <400 4th 760 425 until 760 9 15th 4th Rutile KB <0.2 <400 3 760 until 13th White matt yellow Rutile KB «0.2 1 760 560 660 17th 3 1 8th RultiKB «0.2 <400 in the visible until 23 2 Rutile KB «0.2 15th 600 to 650 ° / o 560 660 45 6th 3 1 Rutile KB «0.2 <400 80 to 540 until 760 1.5 ■ white 4th Zinc sulfide-nickel «0.2 400 8th 600 to 84 to until 8th 5 sulfide yellow 60 760 86 to 6th Zinc sulfide-nickel «0.2 88 to 17th 7th sulfide yellow 88 to 4th 2 , 2 cadmium yellow «0.2 90 8th 126 1 530 650 3 2 <400 75 until 3 14th 600 to 87 420 760 3 2 <400 78 until Zinc sulfide-nickel 13th 760 50 9 3 sulfide yellow 420 760 3 2 Rutile KB «0.2 <400 until 9 9 Rutile KB 15th 760 Sachtolith HD «0.2 (Zinc sulfide) 9 10 Rutile KB 80 Zinc oxide «0.2 85 to 11th 85

example

Percentage by weight of dye or pigments in the finished mixture

Maximum light transmission

at a wavelength or in

a wavelength range

in the ultraviolet

'/ ■ J π »μ

in the visible % j ιημ Maximum remission
in a wavelength range

in the visible
mμ

Ratio of times to incidence versus

normal white

uncolored

pigmen

isolated cans

Remarks

2 rich gold (brass powder)

2 Ultralumin standard

Fine sanding (aluminum)

0.5 Ultralumin standard fine grinding (aluminum) 4 Rutile KB 0.6 Rutile KB 0.15 ultramarine blue 9 carbon black

0.5 Ultralumin standard fine grinding (aluminum)

4 zinc sulfide-nickel sulfide-yellow

1 rutile KB 1.5 cadmium red

2030
0.2 Ultralumin standard fine grinding (aluminum)

1 rutile KB 1 cadmium yellowbl26 0.5 green pigment

0.3 Ultralumin standard fine grinding (aluminum)

1 rutile KB 1 ultramarine blue

0.2 Ultralumin Standard 'fine sanding (aluminum)

1 rutile KB 1 cadmium yellow bl26

0.3 Ultralumin standard fine grinding (aluminum)

1 cobalt blue 37 sp

0.2

^ 0.2

0.2

O,:

0.2

0.2

400

400

400

400

400

<400

<400

<400

<400

400 to

400 to

0.5 400 to

18th

0.5

400 to

<0.5

<0.5

<0.5

> 0.5 to 40 400 to 760

about 40

up to 40410 up to 650

760

400 to

400 to

400 to

400 to 760

20th

32

35

30th

35

28

to 760

up to 560

up to 650

up to 560

up to 470

to 520

> 50

> 50

> 50

45

> 50

35

40

'45

> 20

> 20

20th

1.0

15th

> 20

11th

14th

15th

particularly favorable. regular recipes

Gray

normal recipe gray, not sufficient

particularly cheap recipes gray-beige

Red

green

green

green

409 614/200

9 Weight percent Maximum light transmission
at a wavelength or in Γημ in the visible m | i Maximum remission
in one wavelength Γημ 10 normal 45 15th Remarks Pigments in the a wavelength range <400 % 400 to 760 Area 480 to 520 White
pigmen finished mixture <0.5 Ratio of tied At- in the ultraviolet in the visible Times until Cans JJCl
game Vo 0 /
/ i) Falling in against
over green 2.5 zinc sulfide <^ 0.2 30th Nickel sulfide unge
colored yellow 20th 1 cobalt blue 37 sp 2.5 0.8 0.3 ultralumin 400 520 500 to 550 default 55 Fine tuning (Aluminum) normal re 0.1 rutile KB 20th 35 40 13th recipe 0.05 cadmium <400 400 to 760 420 to 500 green, völ yellow 126 <0.5 lig unzu 0.15 green pigment reaching blue 2 rutile KB «0.2 35 1 ultramarine blue 9 1.5 0.5 0.4 ultralumin 400 450 400 to 475 21 default 55 Fine tuning (Aluminum) normal re 0.05 rutile KB 50 32 recipe 0.16 ultramarine blue, völ blue 9 lig unzu 0.14 blue pigment reaching

Claims (1)

1 2 leave. After all, semipermeable mem- “, I am thinking, but not yet a technical solution Claim: found for it. So far it has not been possible to avoid the idea of using polyolefin molding compounds with a 5 bandage; for this reason z. B. a content of over 3% titanium dioxide, over 4% in Kunststoff e, 53, p. 641 (1963), proposed cans Zinc sulphide-nickel sulphide yellow, 2% titanium dioxide for mineral oil, for example from low pressure are made with more than 2% zinc sulfide or zinc polyethylene, basically only with oxide as well as more than 0.2% aluminum or brass rectangular or square cross-section to be powdered, put in each case alone or in conjunction with andeo, because with these this is due to rejection by swelling White, colored or black pigments, ■ the ideas attributed to the treatment are the least likely to be produced of cans for motor oils. remember is. However, such a measure must be taken in consideration of the packaging industry concerned, 15 that change from round to square shapes would have to be considered extremely unsatisfactory. In particular, the printing effort would, however the amount of raw materials to be used also noticeably increases - the previously common packaging more solid and liquid - increases. ger filling goods z. B. made of glass, metal are increasingly becoming ao So there is great interest in an artist Dimensions replaced by plastic ones. In-fabric packaging for mineral oil products, which are in for example there is great interest in it, instead of the conventional way, without any special effort conventional tin cans for mineral oil profiles, can be filled, sealed, stored and stacked, products, especially motor oil, those made of plastic without using the unwanted incidental phenomena, as to show at least for a long enough time. The use of the plastics is, however, achieved through the use white phenomena are made more difficult, some of which are due to the nature of polyolefin molding compounds with a content of more than the contents of the product, partly to the type of packaging 3% titanium dioxide over 4% zinc sulphide-nickel sulphide. It has been shown that plastic binds yellow, 2% titanium dioxide together with more than 2%, which contain motor oils, usually after a relatively short time, usually after a few or brass powder, each alone or in combination for days or a few weeks, depending on the consistency of the other white, colored or black pigments, filling material and storage conditions, incidentals for the production of cans for motor oils,
exhibit. It is through these sink marks that the suitable polyolefins act as they are after Containers not only have little advertising effect, they also lose 35 high-pressure or low-pressure processes also in terms of mechanical strength and are preferably polyethylene. also difficult to stack. When filling engine oils in the presence Various measures have been attempted, but air is usually included with some air To prevent the formation of such sink marks. sen, so that such completed cans next to the It has already been proposed to decrystalline a more or less large empty space, particularly high filling material Use plastics that are stiffer. The cans to which the invention relates and also swell less, but what - especially are so tightly sealed that pressure fluctuations in the case of low-pressure polyethylene - the risk is not exacerbated without deformation of the can walls Stress cracking increased. Further could be received. foal, one pre-soaked with oil, no more 45 Below light transmission is the ratio of to use swellable plastic or to understand the interior transmitted to radiated light, wall with a varnish that is impermeable to the filling material, expressed here as a percentage that is covered by a 0.50 mm to cover, but this brings additional effort. thick layer of the polyolefin are allowed to pass through; On the other hand, a plastic should be more rigid because the light remission is the ratio of deformation forces better resist; except for what is thrown or scattered backwards to irradiated With the wall thickness, certain shapes were shown, here expressed as a percentage that of one seeks, z. B. remitted rounded edges to shorten the 0.50 mm thick layer of polyolefin Long sides or beads, which will become the walls, with the layer to be measured stiffening black from behind, but disturb the printing; also bellows is attached. in the top or concentric waves in the bottom or 55 A low or very low light transmission Target sink marks, usually on one side, which are present when the polyolefin is different from the usual should preferentially move in are used. Still in use, with which it was often particularly good trans suggested that the doses arrive with a resilient parenz, only small or vanishing Plastic film or with a perforated lid allows small amounts of the incident light to pass through, and to close the foil underneath. Form- 60 It is therefore exclusively a question of such polygons, in which a more complete filling is possible, in which it is consciously avoided that one is borrowed, pressure fluctuations should be less under- such as type, color or quantity of the filling material from the outside lie, but are usually less technically recognizable. useful because of difficulties in filling large "A useful polyolefin has one at 0.50 mm Series occur; the installation of valves, which 65 layer thickness measured light transmission to the Should compensate for pressure fluctuations, or that below 400 ΐημ, i.e. in the ultraviolet range, with kei closure of the cans under overpressure are at an even wavelength of more than 0.2% and in the range of if processes that do not use visible light economically, i.e. between 400 and 760 πιμ, at