DE1489741A1 - Circuit arrangement for testing the elements of a neutronic measuring chain - Google Patents

Description

"Circuit arrangement for testing the El ·» · At · a n «utronlaoh« n measuring chain "

Praneüeiuch · Priorities tob 29 · April 1964 and tob 16 · June 1964 au · den franst) · iaohen P »ttntanM« ldun <«n Xr · 972 811 and 978 443

The invention relates to a soleplate arrangement maa checking the lenente of a neutronleohen M «s» k «tt« ₉ wi · 31oh «rluilte >> echwellechalter (Au · 10 · er), üine aoleh · Sohalteaanordnune let in fore a ·· measuring device · Above all applicable to the field of nuclear technology, and for normal use of nuclear reactors or oh-wave safety chains, it is possible to use these chains without interruption check su

To measure the performance «in ·· nuclear reactor · and on the regulation of its operation dead all · ·) by very or aind «r grooee Kindringtief · der Hegel- und üioherheiteetUb ·, one sees as is well known, neutroniaohe Meeeketten Tor »the corresponding tone one«

Prop. 3449 ♦ 3498

909821/0377

Bank ι Bayer. Hypotn. and Wacrta ^ -Bank LaIm No. »» 48 ■ Pe K-Kontol MUnchan 43aOI

BATH

ionization arranged by the inside of the beactor · - Kanaer-originating streams supply the received signal data »which act on an arithmetic unit »daa one side The binding depths mentioned in the rods are regulated by known means. Dia ionization chambers And usually in the number three preceded "of them each one gives off a current to an ordinary one of the different types of trader provided sea amplifier is given »the Signals deliver »which are at the same time directly to the arithmetic unit in the form of analogue signals and to sloherity attitudes been transmitted »at a certain level of the singing voltage tilt · This Sloherhaitian attitude has been checked pariodisoh on rnUasen are »to certify your correct mode of operation. In the case of non-compliant tests, this process has so far been necessary usually in it »to separate the examining organ from the chain of measurement» the examination durohsufsufuhr and the result of the processing the information au sohioken to then the tested circuit start up again.

Mindsatena swai, however, has this hitherto Ubliohe method * Significant parts of the cash eufι bar harvest shortage consists in the need » daa su detach the test element from the rest of the measuring chain at müeeen, waa daa presence of a Belala in front of these Element required meant that a large number of elements can be present in one or more chain of chains » and therefore at least an appropriate one in the overall maintenance Xahl von Helaie necessary »based on your nature as is well known, borrows from disturbances. The «wide Naoh-

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-J-

H897A1

part is the need to have one for each element to be checked FrUfeignalgenerator due to deeaen roreehen en mUaecn * dm ·· Al · ·· Xleaemtc nloht «uf 41« equal acid elimination regulated • lad.

The task of the invention is to create a circuit. arrangement of the «ingang · mentioned species su eohaffen, welahe dl · Examination of the elements of a chain of hay, beiepielaweiee the See » rungaelcmentc of a neutron-low measuring chain, Sohwellauelöeer allowed without interrupting the chain su müaeen. further aoll old this detention arrangement «be raOglloht« dl · jewwll · adjusted to a low level of tension. rungaele »duck of a neutronleohen chain aittele a single one, s «B · check electronic device · see below. Furthermore, · ■ lies in the The aim of the invention is to exclude the "holding arrangement" shape that the slope «« leaente a neutron without bed · while avoiding the unnecessary switching of a very large connection τοπ relays g can be called, whereby the ·· circuit outside of the neutron-low Meae chain lies · Furthermore, ·· lsi Sense of the invention by Intereeee, on the same side as the Auelttaer Check the logical circuits that are close to you ■ indt the ·· logic circuits ·· are nfialloh duroh an electro-stealer Relay geeohloeeen, the calibration during the i'rttfungsn nioat may open · Uohlieeelloh should be the locking arrangement proposed here allow the Sioheruneelenente a Meaa chain without Interruption of the same means to examine a single body, that at the same time the logic elements arranged behind these elements

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BAD ORfGINAL

circle mi check allowed

I) With its versatile task, the previously proposed circuit arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset is achieved above all by the fact that in its invention, a single electronic system which is located outside the chain is the trigger without separating the chain anabhängig the Ansahl au-checking Auelöatr and the respective different Uohwellspannungswerte performs the same tests in succession "This test circuit consists of an operational amplifier sweokmäasig _t of vorsugsweiee automatic Umsehaltcinriehtungen sugtordntt is ·

Haoh provides a preferred embodiment of the invention the operational amplifier one for each element to be tested encountering · test signal, the Yoraugeweist equal to the differens • where its Sahwell voltage and the voltage of the output signal applied to it is · Here it is γόη another advantage « if the receipt of the BetritbSYtratt towards 'Yorsugsweiee in' automatic operation «on the one hand to the output voltage de · MessYerstilrkers or de · assigned to the relevant boiler series Differenslerrtrtresser and on the other hand one after the other to the various 3ohwell voltages of the readers is «while« an output successively the inputs of the / uelös r by means of a resistance, which is evidenced in its resistance value in each case is equal to the resistances above which the readers Visual wave tensions and the Aueangsspatinun ^ s of the measuring bsw »BIf-

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ferensierveretorkere can be suggested

Oemäee of a different implementation of the one proposed here Circuit arrangement can be the Kingang de on the one hand to the departure separation dee Meeeveretärker or de of the relevant grater of the elements to be tested «! ordered differentiator ·» on the other hand one after the other to the united threshold voltages of the elements concerned and all of them to a certain, however divisible, negative voltage | to be in the office »where dae during an examination at the Kingang the elements applied signal from the value of Sohwellepanming deviates by a constant "amount equal to the aforementioned adjustable voltage contrary to the most opposite Yoraeiohens and about is below the Uohwave voltage

• how much has been carried out before »there is a wrong part in it, let the relays toggle on the same side as the triggers. So that the relay doesn’t open »put nan on the Au ·· lüeer voltage pulse · course duration and sufficient amplitude at »" so that you tip during a ttueeeret course time · Di · Xeitkonatunte The Helaie is here significantly above the Klppseit the Auülöaer, so that they stick ·· In this sense is ·· for the changing arrangement according to the invention tarsug »when close to the signal supplied by the operational amplifier Amplitude and duration calibrated pulses are superimposed »whereby the absolute value receives their amplitude in / never with Schwellepaηsjumi

909821/0372

the trigger causes their tilting, dl · am ünde de · Impuleee return to their previous state and resolve these impulses or be sent out in impulses and their duration is curvilinear compared to the time constant · the one behind the release Electromechanical elements, see B. Relay, is

In the drawing, terminal arrangements are once of the previously customary type and, for example, others have been chosen in other ways Embodiments of the type according to the invention illustrated in the form of a circuit diagram.

Fig. 1 Selgt in a simplified block diagram dls essentially different ways of maintaining a neutronium Measuring chain · FIG. 2 shows a previously known test circuit. 3 reads a test circuit geaaas recognize 4er invention. Flg · 4 brings a test circuit according to the invention, which the Check logic circuits close to the releases allowed.

The Ib Flg. 1 reproduced neutron-like boiler chain is arranged in a nuclear reactor. The reactor 1 besitst a certain · AfUMhI of Ionisationskat numbers 2 _y only one of which einsige shown lstf in this ionization chamber is known Weiss sin the Leietung dee reactor current proportional abgenommsR dsr _t to the Blngang of the sense amplifier 3 is applied, at its output a voltage Ts supplies which is thus proportional to the conduction of the reactor. The Spannuag 7s is

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H89741

stlts Via 41 «line 4 la Fora an ·· analogue signal · to one Reahner 5 and other lines via dl · line 6 to a Dlfferemsier amplifier 7 and via the line β to two safety releases 9 and 10. Since the output of the amplifier becomes 7 over the line, 11 la Pom a ·· Analogeignale aa den Reohner uad Via line 12 to dl · Sloherungsabeohalter 13 and 14 placed. The output of Reohner · 5 acts via dl · line 6a and not shown · circuit element · turn to the reactor 1 with the received signals 9t 10, 13 and 14 send your · output signals at 19 «16« 17 and 18 sur processing the information uad at 19 »20« 21 and BU the computer, the switchover via not shown ■ tatleoh · relay takes place. Ee let au «Pig · 1 easily seen ax« that extremely unrelated relay 23 keeps the readers dead are «among other things, their examination is permitted.

. 2 let "in a simplified subject matter of an acronym" which is used in the previously known f.'eis · sur 1 review of the various threshold triggers 24, 25, 26 "dl · here in the tone three are provided," which come from the tob sea-rider älgnal V · be occupied, which is transmitted directly in Pem of an analogue line via the line L ₁ to an unillustrated receiver 25 and the sleeve 30 for the release 26 · Only the latter is indicated in the drawing sohaltbildoässlg ntiher; The two are self-confessed

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more characteristic Sohwellaaal6aer 24 BBD 29 Ia your Gohaltuag entapreohenA auageelldet, D "r Jtualdaer 26 bealtat" in · Klppaahaltttag 31, Al · UWr "Ml same Wlderet * ade 52" al 23 vdb d "r voltage Te ilMNtlti" Ad tob mlnmr 8ehw "llapaAAUii £ old compared to the 8paB-naag Te counteracted Polarltftt * od «r« r «« it »b« l «ft is, 41 * from«! Ma Bp »ju« Bcet «ll« r 39 «« delivers wirtl. In d «r 0« Mata ·! * D * r S «Kaltuag let Al · 8etar« LlapaiuniAe for everyone · «Au« 10 «« r • In the other ··

Uli * · 1 · ρ1 · 1 · ν · 1 ·· ImI of the well-known Sohaltan «der rig« «En Aaelfteer 2 $ au prOfen, did ea necessary, IbA tob der Meae- ' Cut off chain dureli da · Helala 90,! ha daa tob generator auaieeeiMA · PrüfalgBal 8t amattfUhren und daa Xrgebnla About Al · Line 99 bbt Infoareatiea * Ter »rbeit« j »e Vl au aohieken, where der fieehner ab «eaohalte let (LeItBBg 96), whereby Al · switching Auras daa «tatiaohe Belala 37 peat noaewn is · 01 ··· so far usual SonaltBAf Tor allea has the following Haohteiiei

a) £ · lat netwandl «, each an examining Bleaent tob de« rest of the

Meeakette abautrennea, waa a large selection tob B «lal · wie

28 «29 · 90 requires *
·) £ · lat f «mer required, · 1η · Β test signal generator for

Every AmalOaer Twrmaeftea, Aa Al · ·· nloht on Al · same

8efcwe11a »aηanag regulated« laA «

Flg. 3 shows an 8 · Η · 1tBBga arrangement according to the invention Aar "Al" amea outside the Heaa chain aagoordiert and geatattat, atatlioke ßahwellamaloaer etuw Aaeehaltung the Cett · means «

909821/0377. ₉ .

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- · - U897A1

For the circuit of Fig. 2 uafaest dl Ia Pig 5, for example, the execution form of a circuit arrangement according to the invention is shown with three sound levels 38, 39 and 40, the latter of which is divided into a consistent picture Let, "Listening to the other Sohwellauelöser in the same way, of course. Bin amplifier 41 supplies an output signal Tb _{9 then} in 'on an analog signal over line L ₃ to a company" amplifier 42 and over lines L _t L. and Lf is applied to the various triggers 36, 39 and 40 · t * r Sieherhelteeuelieer 40 - just like the others - a flip-flop 45, because the voltage V · via a resistor 45 and the resistor 45 via a resistor 45 same resistance 46 the threshold voltage supplied by the voltage divider 44, which is opposite to the threshold voltage Ys, the flip-flop 43 can also be controlled by a third Voltage V are assigned, the user the resistor 47 selected according to the 'ilüerstandsn 45 and 46 is supplied by the amplifier 42In normal operation if the output voltage Vs is greater than or equal to the oohwell voltage supplied by the voltage divider 44, there is the Xippglled 43 1a Its wonderful state · The sole voltage eel old Vg ₉ Hi supplied by the voltage plate 44 is observed.

Unless the security trigger 40 is checked, regardless of the voltage Te entered, a detection ψ is provided via the resistor 47 - as already explained above

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U89741

sugefUkrt · If Ts - T ₀₉₁₁₁₁ + ν = Q, the flip-flop 43 reads aua. The voltage τ - V _{a # ttil} * ▼ · is automatically alttsU dss Betrlsbsverstarkere 42 «rhalt« n _t ladsa satspreoheai the value of the resistance 46 and 49 so gsrsgslt »that | -J | - 1 1st · Xa dlessa> u «« nbliok la Sonaltungakootan 50 dls tension

^T "4" f§ ^ seull " ^T " ^ ^ ¹⁰ * WodnrA see through regulation of the VeituUtnlss of the resistance 48 and 49 the threshold of the desired Oeaaitlgkelt let · WIs the Sohaltaoheaa dsr flg. 3 selgt ₉ is the day of the day of the Bctrlebsverstlrksrs einr * selts aa the 8 pan na ng Ts «ad aaderereelte on the voltage T _9411111 dss Anslesere 4O ₉ « Ihread ssia output Via the resistor 47 as the same Aaelsser held lat. The holder 51 and STaVgIlOhSB ₉ yob hand die totsshledensB Sehwellspsniwiagsa dsr three selectors and on the rersehledenea resisted Kads dsrsslbsa uasuaohalt «n.

Sas Sohaltsshssm der * lg · 3 let it be seen »daae elea alttsls dsr slBslg vsrgsssasasB ₉ gsstrlehslt« sarahatea ₉ susssrhalb dsr Mssskstts arranged «siah la wessatllohea one slBslsbs- ▼ erldetarker 42, eelnen regalshalter and eagssetsteawsl 51 Any of the Attslsser 36, 39 sdsr 40 check laaat without disconnecting the pre-existing AfuiiBssr sa aUaaea, what the gate part has, on which place la the circuit of the »ig · 2 necessarily · vovfssshsBSB Rslais Terslohtsa can sa. You contact · S 36, 939 met 940 des Daeehaltera 51 sraegllohsa ₉ consecutively on «1 ·« BtsrsshlsillohsB Sehwellapanausgsa uasuaehalt «n ₉ « Mhread dis'

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U897A1

KMtakte 93 ·, 999 ma IHO «Μ VMtaltin 52 naohainander Mf Al« J «iM AaelAeer arrangeda TinthitdiMtt UderetlLaA · 47 MMaeheltea allowedM * BaI Aer SoMltMg Aer Fig · 5 throws the amplifier 48 duroh dl · AuagangeepeAnang ▼ · more dtarkere · X 41 he MM fen · * ttber dl · line L ₇ Md den ffM Kelter 59 TM Am BiMt shown · «, Every Heeekette Dlfferenilerveretttrker are eeUft · Aa des Avegau lietre 40 is eteMo« 1 · Wl Iu other AuelVeeni die loforafttloA «in« reelte army Die LeitMf I ^ la Rlohtune mt Al · VerarbeltHM der Iaforamtlon «or other Mit über die Leitmf |

warn refiner forked

In the case of the Sehaltmngaanordnuag of Fig * 4, the slab. Bit of of Fig. 9 rerglelo & M Hast, the alone will bslsplelewelee Aarge-divided Auelöeer 55 «itttie de · Betrlebsyeretarkara 56 Md Aea Oeaeratore 66 checked · I> he Blagaag Aea Yeretirkere 56 is amaiohat duroh the Auagaageapanauag Ta dea Hessrerstlürkere 57 Over the llderetand 58, on top of it the wove "clamping plate"

59 abgenaBBeae «ad ttber dea glelohea Wlderatandawert like the ViderataaA 58 uplifting Wlderatand 60 listed · Sehweilapannuag T ^^^^ «ad sohllessllah erflnduagegeaaae« it an 8 BUBg -B geapelet, which are abgenoraaen from the potentiometer 61 uad tttber the T <'lderetaad 62 is given, whose forest retone value considerably (10 «el) higher than those of the wideratHade 58 Md

60 is. The exit aapaaauag T * dee Be tri «bST« r strong re hat aleo compared to the Beengsepenamne of the visual wave na Aea value Aer

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Voltage S is lower, and the trigger 55 tilts nlehtt dl · ·· Output decision becomes over the resistor 63 old "! Afm that of the lideretüade 64 and 65 the same value of the trigger 55

If men; the output voltage of the operating amplifier 56 is denoted by V * ₉ so read, keeping the same remarks as in the case of the circuit in FIG. 3

During the exam, the entrance dee -Ήιβ is looser V *, - Vf «T * * 4 I.

J) The deviation voltage S, which lets you rummage at the potentiometer 61 at any point in time, is _{exactly constant, if the voltage values Vs aad T B> JM} n, Bas applied to the Ameldeer 55 is therefore opposite to the ohmic wave voltage of the same lower the value S, which allows calibration to be selected and regulated, as already stated stiver

To let the careless man tip over without the one behind him Switched relals «If it is necessary, the process during a relative to the time code of these relals extremely karsen tent proceeding · One means of doing this is to apply impulses to the reader ι on this purpose, the person concerned will be stronger supplied signal by means of the pulse generator 66 via the resistor 67 according to amplitude and Hauer in such a way

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U89741

calibrated Reohteoklapulse superimposed »that your amplitude Ib absolute value compared to that of the deviation voltage E greater let · The trigger 55 tilts while the farmer of the iBpulsea and arrives immediately afterwards back to its idle state surUok » whereby the relays did not have time to open. Usually, ee is useful here, although not necessarily required to send out an iBpulseug by means of the generator 66.

I am sure that the trigger 55 is correct works, you connect a pulse detector to an output 68, which in the case where the check bit generates a single pulse consequently, monostable and in bulk, that Ban uses iBpulesuges » an integrating element can determine, among other things, whether the loo-low circuits 69 which have been "rearranged" for the trigger 55 are working correctly one uses aweekaäesig an at dl · circuit 69 accordingly switched on impulse detector 70 ·

v.which has already been carried out above is shown in the table below the t> l ";. 4 only a single trigger 55 is shown; of course the entire dotted uarahate Schaltuagatell serve to provide the full range of sloherhelt triggers one check neutronic * ette bu; this kind of precaution has certain advantages, which are mainly involved

a) jJi.6 ^ ualöeer can tilt »without the behind them geeohalteea ulektromeohanieohen lielale su steer» the «into« time constants

-U-

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H89741

have that are substantially greater than the duration of the trigger pulses 1st ·

b) £ · lets see the level of the thresholds of the safety elements check with the desired accuracy, since the last one to me from The value of the voltage B depends on the value of the operator adjustable 1st.

e) In the usual case of a reactor with three triggers, one often uses logic circuits 2/3 «which means« that the effect on the control of the reactors only takes place «if at least two triggers out of three have tripped« whereby the control is transferred by an electromechanical β relay will allow the measures proposed with the invention, to carry out the complete test of the logic 2/3 «by awei at the same time and by the same pulse generator any of three triggers is controlled.

The above description shows that it erfindunge ^ let euäes possible with a single Betriebsversturker without any) control testing of all instantaneous release of the measuring chain upstream attachment the voltage ν takes namely automatically the correct value, no matter how big Vs and ^{_ν βφΛ} _{| 1} ^ are, and there is no need to isolate the relevant contacts · Di · changeover switches 51 and 52 switch over controlled heaters either via push-button controls or through information processing, and of course a relay with two circuits must be used

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per au testend · 3elmelle provided · * 1η »where however dl · ·· Relay outside the K «« sk «tt · ll« g «a. And be on the right • leh eJüitliohe 3ohaltuaes «live« bte the «entered into the test- • ehftltuog - outside of the neutron laoheo chain

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Claims (1)

Claim «ι 1 * circuit arrangement see also checking of the elements of a neutron- ■ above Meeekett ·, weight · 81eherheit «« Qhw «lleohalter (trigger), know« fl7hjtf ^ iaTfflft · ^1η · · 1ββ1β · # rormugeweiee electronic control located outside of the 4er measurement * Λ1 · olin · TreoouAI of the chain of the Auel & eer (38 - 40ι 55) depending on the number of bq examining Au «IQeer and the respective under» eohiedlichen Bohwellepürnungwert dereelben 41 «exams. 2 · üchaltHng «» nordnuag naeh An «pruoh 1 _# daduroh gekennselohnet _v da« · dl «test connection au« «Inta company emt & rker (42» $ 6) there is the Yorsufoweiee automatic control facilities (51 - 53) «« «is arranged 5 uohaltuttgsanordjtune auoh Anepnioh 1, daduroh gekennseloiintit, da «« der Detriebeyeretärker (42) one for each «su verifying · £ le «jent su appropriate« test signal supplies »da« in a torso manner "Leloh der Differen" swlehen its wave panoucM; and der Sjnuuhubc de «an e« angele fiten ^ HisgaiigMdLga & I · 1st (Fig · 4 · Bohaltun «« arrangement a »whether claim 3» is recognized, da «· the entrance of the · operational amplifiers (42), as a precaution« In an “elbettatiger” way of working, on the one hand to -U- 909821/0377 BAD ORlGiNAL voltage (▼ ·) of the Meeaverstarkers (41) wire of the DS * concerned Sea series of separate dif ferenaierreratärkars «ad on the other hand, one after the other to the defective Sohwellespannungsn the Auelöeer (38 - 40) let aneo-durable while be Auegan «one after the other the valleys of the Auelöe over one Resistance (47) evidenced, which in each case resisted gleloh the resisted (46, 45) is »About the den Read out the SchwelIepanηηη «· η and dls Ausgsn dee Mess- baw. Dlfferenaierveretärkere are suggested . 3). 5 "üohaltuniieonordnunc according to claim 2" by the fact that the input of the company (56) "voraiigsvsis · in automatic operation" on the one hand to the output "voltage (Va) of the neck amplifier (57) or of the respective loaner inspecting clover duck. veretärkera »other side n & oheinander to the rereohiedenen oohwellapannun ^ en ( ^v _{1 # ui} i) of the concerned bleaente and aohlieealleh to a beatlamte» but adjustable (61) nsgatlve voltage aneonaltable let »whereby there« signal applied during a call to the kingang of the clover duck, Rom the value of the ohmic wave voltage u * deviates from the same amount as opposed to the ohmic wave voltage and is about a below the ohmic wave voltage Ci ^. 4) · 909821/0377 _B AD ORIGINAL 6 · Circuit arrangement according to Claim 5, characterized in that the signal supplied by the operator amplifier (56) is superimposed after the Aaplltude and permanently calibrated Ispulte, where-Wl is the absolute value of their amplitude in relation to the ratio of the trigger ( 55) whose tilting causes a * £ nd · de ·! »Pul · ·· la your previous ·· state aurUoklcahren, aad dl · ·· Iepulee« iojMila or In lepuleaü ^ en are auegeeardt and you · Sauer kttrs gigmnUbmr der Time constant · of the eleXtroMohanlsoiMB JSleaent « ₉ •• fi · Eelaie, 1 ·% · 909821/0377 _BAD