DE1483126B1 - Flat hanging ceilings for industrial ovens - Google Patents

Flat hanging ceilings for industrial ovens

Info

Publication number
DE1483126B1
DE1483126B1 DE19651483126 DE1483126A DE1483126B1 DE 1483126 B1 DE1483126 B1 DE 1483126B1 DE 19651483126 DE19651483126 DE 19651483126 DE 1483126 A DE1483126 A DE 1483126A DE 1483126 B1 DE1483126 B1 DE 1483126B1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
casting
casting compound
following composition
active ingredient
flat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE19651483126
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Enrico Dellepiane
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SANAC SpA
Original Assignee
SANAC SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SANAC SpA filed Critical SANAC SpA
Publication of DE1483126B1 publication Critical patent/DE1483126B1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F27D1/141—Anchors therefor
    • F27D1/142—Anchors made from ceramic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
    • C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/06—Crowns or roofs for combustion chambers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine flache Hängedecke für Industrieöfen, bestehend aus einer Gußmasse, die mittels Verankerungssteinen an Tragbalken aufgehängt ist.The invention relates to a flat suspended ceiling for industrial ovens, consisting made of a casting compound, which is suspended from supporting beams by means of anchoring stones.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, die Festigkeit der Hängedecke in dem Temperaturbereich von 400 bis 700° C zu erhöhen.The object of the invention is to improve the strength of the false ceiling in the temperature range of 400 to 700 ° C.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Gußmasse folgende Zusammensetzung aufweist: a) 50 bis 94% körniger tonerdereicher siliciumfeuerfester Stoff der folgenden Zusammensetzung: AhOs ................. 30 bis 44 0/0 SiÖ2 .................. 64 bis 50 0/0 Fe2O3 ............... . 1 bis 3 0/0 Andere ................ 3 bis 5 0/0 b) 5 bis 49 % Tonerdeschmelzzement; c) ein erster Wirkstoff, wie Natriumaluminat, Natriumsilikat, Calciumphosphat, Magnesiumsilikat, Borax, die gegebenenfalls allein oder in Verbindung in einer zwischen 1 und 6 0/0 schwankenden Menge eingesetzt werden können, um dem Gemisch eine hohe Wärmebeständigkeit bei Temperaturen zwischen 400 und 700° C zu verleihen; d) ein zweiter Wirkstoff, wie Siliciumborid, Natriumwolframat oder Phosphorsäure, die allein oder in Verbindung in einer zwischen 0,05 und 0,5 % schwankende Menge eingesetzt werden können und eine gute Temperaturwechselbeständigkeit der Gußmasse bewirken.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the casting compound has the following composition: a) 50 to 94% granular, high-alumina refractory silicon material with the following composition: AhOs ................. 30 to 44 0/0 SiÖ2 .................. 64 to 50 0/0 Fe2O3 ................ 1 to 3 0/0 Others ................ 3 to 5 0/0 b) 5 to 49% high-alumina cement; c) a first active ingredient, such as sodium aluminate, sodium silicate, calcium phosphate, magnesium silicate, borax, which can optionally be used alone or in combination in an amount varying between 1 and 6 0/0 in order to give the mixture a high heat resistance at temperatures between 400 and 700 To confer ° C; d) a second active ingredient, such as silicon boride, sodium tungstate or phosphoric acid, which can be used alone or in combination in an amount varying between 0.05 and 0.5% and bring about good thermal shock resistance of the casting compound.

Es ist bereits ein isolierender feuerfester Stein mit ähnlicher Zusammensetzung bekannt, der für eine feuerfeste Auskleidung bestimmt ist, jedoch im wesentlichen ein Schamottestein ist, während die Erfindung eine Gußmasse für die Hängedecke verwendet. Die mechanische Festigkeit des bekannten Materials für den feuerfesten Stein ist außerdem vergleichsweise sehr gering.It is already an insulating refractory brick with a similar composition known intended for a refractory lining, but essentially is a firebrick, while the invention uses a casting compound for the false ceiling. The mechanical strength of the known material for the refractory brick is also comparatively very low.

Weiterhin ist die Verwendung von Elektrolyten in kleinen Mengen als Zusatz zur Verflüssigung des Gusses von feuerfesten Materialien bekannt, jedoch werden diese Elektrolyten nicht zur Erhöhung der Festigkeit eines feuerfesten Materials in einem gegebenen Temperaturbereich herangezogen.Furthermore, the use of electrolytes in small amounts is considered Additive for liquefying the cast of refractory materials is known, however These electrolytes are not used to increase the strength of a refractory material are used in a given temperature range.

Bei der Herstellung von Öfen ist es allgemein üblich, den Guß für derartige Hängedecken in Holzformen durchzuführen, die jedoch das Wasser des Gusses und die darin gelösten Impfstoffe absorbieren. Seltener verwendete Metallformen bestehen aus einfach nebeneinandergesetzten Einzelteilen, die daher keine dichte Form bilden.In the manufacture of ovens it is common practice to use the casting for Such suspended ceilings are carried out in wooden molds, which, however, use the water of the casting and absorb the vaccines dissolved in it. Less used metal molds consist of simply juxtaposed individual parts, which are therefore not tight Form shape.

Das Verfahren zum Gießen der flachen Hängedecke gemäß der Erfindung ist dagegen dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es in einem dichten Formkasten durchgeführt wird.The method of casting the flat false ceiling according to the invention is, however, characterized in that it is carried out in a sealed molding box will.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an Hand der Zeichnung erläutert; darin zeigt F i g. 1 einen Schnitt durch die Hängedecke entlang einer zur Richtung ihrer Tragbalken parallelen Vertikalfläche, F i g. 2 ein Diagramm, das die Kaltdruckfestigkeit in Abhängigkeit von der Brenntemperatur zeigt, F i g. 3 und 4 Diagramme, die den Bruchmodul in Abhängigkeit von der Brenntemperatur zeigen. Gemäß F i g. 1 ruhen auf Tragwänden 1 des Ofens Tragbalken 2, an denen mit Hilfe von Verbindungshaken 3 Verankerungssteine 4 mit ihren oberen Enden 5 aufgehängt sind. Ein feuerfester Guß 6 umschließt den größten Teil der Verankerungssteine 4. Oberhalb des feuerfesten Gusses 6 liegt ein zweiter Guß 7 aus Isolierstoff, der einen Wärmeaustausch zwischen der Hängedecke und der Umgebung verhindert.The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing; therein shows F i g. 1 shows a section through the suspended ceiling along a vertical surface parallel to the direction of its supporting beams, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the cold compressive strength as a function of the firing temperature, FIG. 3 and 4 are diagrams showing the modulus of rupture as a function of the firing temperature. According to FIG. 1 rest on supporting walls 1 of the furnace supporting beams 2, on which anchoring stones 4 are suspended with their upper ends 5 with the aid of connecting hooks 3. A refractory casting 6 surrounds most of the anchoring stones 4. Above the refractory casting 6 is a second casting 7 made of insulating material, which prevents heat exchange between the suspended ceiling and the environment.

Eine typische Zusammensetzung des feuerfesten Gusses ist folgende: Körniger feuerfester Stoff .... 60 bis 79 % Tonerdeschmelzzement ...... 20 bis 39 % Erster Wirkstoff ............ 1 bis 6 % Zweiter Wirkstoff ........... 0,05 bis 0,5 % Diese Stoffe werden gut vermischt und in wasserdichten Säcken transportiert.A typical composition of the refractory cast is as follows: Grainy fire retardant fabric .... 60 to 79% Alumina cement ...... 20 to 39% First active ingredient ............ 1 to 6% Second active ingredient ........... 0.05 to 0.5% These substances are mixed well and transported in waterproof bags.

Das Gemisch wird zusammen mit 14 bis 24% Wasser in den Betonmischer eingeführt, etwa 5 Minuten lang gemischt und dann, wie ein normaler Beton, in den dichten Formkasten gegossen. In F i g. 1 sind nur einige feuerfeste Verankerungssteine der Hängedecke dargestellt. Einfachheitshalber sind die übrigen Steine durch ihre geometrische Achse angedeutet worden.The mixture is poured into the concrete mixer along with 14 to 24% water introduced, mixed for about 5 minutes and then, like normal concrete, into the cast tight molding box. In Fig. 1 are just a few of the refractory anchoring bricks the suspended ceiling. For the sake of simplicity, the remaining stones are by theirs geometric axis has been indicated.

In F i g. 2 stellt die Kurve I die Kaltdruckfestigkeit des Materials gemäß der Erfindung dar, das bei verschiedenen Temperaturen zwischen 300 und 900° C gebrannt wurde. Die Kurve 1I zeigt Werte eines normalen Gusses aus tonerdereichem Siliciummaterial und Calciumaluminatzement. Es ist ersichtlich, daß der normale Guß bei Temperaturen zwischen 400 und 800° C gefährlich brüchig wird im Gegensatz zu dem Guß gemäß der Erfindung.In Fig. 2, curve I represents the cold compressive strength of the material according to the invention that at various temperatures between 300 and 900 ° C. Curve 1I shows values for a normal casting of high alumina Silicon material and calcium aluminate cement. It can be seen that the normal In contrast, casting becomes dangerously brittle at temperatures between 400 and 800 ° C to the casting according to the invention.

In F i g. 3 zeigt die Kurve I den Bruchmodul des bei verschiedenen Temperaturen gebrannten Materials gemäß der Erfindung, während die Kurve II Werte eines üblichen feuerfesten Gusses zeigt. Auch hier ist die mangelnde Festigkeit des bekannten Materials festzustellen.In Fig. 3, curve I shows the modulus of rupture of the various Temperatures of fired material according to the invention, while curve II values of a conventional refractory casting shows. Again, there is a lack of strength of the known material.

In F i g. 4 zeigen die Kurven Werte des Bruchmoduls der folgenden Materialien bei verschiedenen Temperaturen: Kurve I einen Guß mit folgender Zusammensetzung: Körniges feuerfestes Material ...... 75% Calciumaluminatzement ........... 25% Kurve 1I einen Guß mit folgender Zusammensetzung: Körniges feuerfestes Material ...... 73,5% Calciumaluminatzement ........... 25,01/0 Natriumaluminat ................. 1,0% Phosphorsäure ................... 0,5% Kurve III einen Guß mit folgender Zusammensetzung: Körniges feuerfestes Material ...... 71,5% Calciumaluminatzement ........... 25,00/0 Natriumaluminat ................. 3,0% Phosphorsäure ................... 0,5% Die in den Diagrammen enthaltenen, experimentell gewonnenen Werte zeigen zweifellos, daß das Material gemäß der Erfindung nicht mit den bekannten Gußarten vergleichbar ist.In Fig. 4 the curves show the values of the modulus of rupture of the following materials at different temperatures: Curve I shows a casting with the following composition: Granular refractory material ...... 75% Calcium aluminate cement ........... 25% Curve 1I shows a casting with the following composition: Granular refractory material ...... 73.5% Calcium aluminate cement ........... 25.01 / 0 Sodium aluminate ................. 1.0% Phosphoric acid ................... 0.5% Curve III a cast with the following composition: Granular refractory material ...... 71.5% Calcium aluminate cement ........... 25.00 / 0 Sodium aluminate ................. 3.0% Phosphoric acid ................... 0.5% The experimentally obtained values contained in the diagrams undoubtedly show that the material according to the invention cannot be compared with the known types of casting.

Claims (2)

Patentansprüche: 1. Flache Hängedecke für Industrieöfen, bestehend aus einer Gußmasse, die mittels Verankerungssteinen an Tragbalken aufgehängt ist, d a -durch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gußmasse folgende Zusammensetzung aufweist: a) 50 bis 94 % körniger tonerdereicher siliciumfeuerfester Stoff der folgenden Zusammensetzung: A1.,03 .............. 30 bis 44 % Si02 ............... 64 bis 50 % FezÖ3 ............. 1 bis 3 % Andere ............ 3 bis 5 %
b) 5 bis 49 % Tonerdeschmelzzement; c) ein erster Wirkstoff, wie Natriumaluminat, Natriumsilikat, Calciumphosphat, Magnesiumsilikat, Borax, die gegebenenfalls allein oder in Verbindung in einer zwischen 1 und 6 % schwankenden Menge eingesetzt werden können, um dem Gemisch eine hohe Wärmebeständigkeit bei Temperaturen zwischen 400 und 700° C zu verleihen; d) ein zweiter Wirkstoff, wie Siliciumborid, Natriumwolframat oder Phosphorsäure, die allein oder in Verbindung in einer zwischen 0,05 und 0,5 % schwankenden Menge eingesetzt werden können und eine gute Temperaturwechselbeständigkeit der Gußmasse bewirken. Claims: 1. Flat suspended ceiling for industrial furnaces, consisting of a casting compound which is suspended from the supporting beams by means of anchoring stones, characterized in that the casting compound has the following composition: a) 50 to 94% granular, high-alumina refractory silicon material of the following composition: A1., 03 .............. 30 to 44% Si02 ............... 64 to 50% FezÖ3 ............. 1 to 3% Others ............ 3 to 5%
b) 5 to 49% high-alumina cement; c) a first active ingredient, such as sodium aluminate, sodium silicate, calcium phosphate, magnesium silicate, borax, which can optionally be used alone or in combination in an amount varying between 1 and 6% in order to give the mixture high heat resistance at temperatures between 400 and 700 ° C to rent; d) a second active ingredient, such as silicon boride, sodium tungstate or phosphoric acid, which can be used alone or in combination in an amount varying between 0.05 and 0.5% and bring about good thermal shock resistance of the casting compound. 2. Verfahren zum Gießen der flachen Hängedecke nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es in einem dichten Formkasten durchgeführt wird.2. A method for casting the flat false ceiling according to claim 1, characterized in that it is carried out in a tight molding box.
DE19651483126 1965-05-04 1965-09-15 Flat hanging ceilings for industrial ovens Pending DE1483126B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1017765 1965-05-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1483126B1 true DE1483126B1 (en) 1970-02-19

Family

ID=11133953

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19651483126 Pending DE1483126B1 (en) 1965-05-04 1965-09-15 Flat hanging ceilings for industrial ovens

Country Status (4)

Country Link
BE (1) BE679520A (en)
DE (1) DE1483126B1 (en)
ES (1) ES317929A1 (en)
NL (2) NL6606070A (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB313175A (en) * 1928-06-08 1930-06-19 Scheidhauer & Giessing Aktiengesellschaft
DE508315C (en) * 1926-03-19 1930-11-06 Fritz Hillmann Firebox ceiling for steam power plants, especially for traveling grate furnaces
US2274240A (en) * 1940-12-06 1942-02-24 Lester L Ladd Suspended arch for furnaces

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE508315C (en) * 1926-03-19 1930-11-06 Fritz Hillmann Firebox ceiling for steam power plants, especially for traveling grate furnaces
GB313175A (en) * 1928-06-08 1930-06-19 Scheidhauer & Giessing Aktiengesellschaft
US2274240A (en) * 1940-12-06 1942-02-24 Lester L Ladd Suspended arch for furnaces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE679520A (en) 1966-09-16
NL7506387A (en) 1975-09-30
ES317929A1 (en) 1966-06-01
NL6606070A (en) 1966-11-07

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