DE147999C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE147999C DE147999C DENDAT147999D DE147999DA DE147999C DE 147999 C DE147999 C DE 147999C DE NDAT147999 D DENDAT147999 D DE NDAT147999D DE 147999D A DE147999D A DE 147999DA DE 147999 C DE147999 C DE 147999C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- phenols
- lime
- neutral
- salts
- distillation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;diphenoxide Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940108066 Coal Tar Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium monoxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002641 tar oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- SQNZJJAZBFDUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Durene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C=C1C SQNZJJAZBFDUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYSNDQDGZQEOAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phenol Chemical class [Ca].OC1=CC=CC=C1 RYSNDQDGZQEOAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005199 trimethylbenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/005—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by obtaining phenols from products, waste products or side-products of processes, not directed to the production of phenols, by conversion or working-up
- C07C37/007—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by obtaining phenols from products, waste products or side-products of processes, not directed to the production of phenols, by conversion or working-up from the tar industry
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
SVn . " Jl. (J φ I. I. I, -j SVn . "Jl. (J φ II I, -j
0k ^yzuKmn ojX&uam^ 0k ^ yzuKmn ojX & uam ^
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
M 147999 KLASSE 12 g. M 147999 CLASS 12 g.
Bei der Einwirkung von Kalk in Gegenwart von Wasser auf Phenol bezw. dessen Homologen entstehen je nach Umständen zwei Reihen von Salzen, und zwar neutrale Kalksalze von der allgemeinen FormelWhen exposed to lime in the presence of water on phenol BEZW. whose Depending on the circumstances, homologues develop two series of salts, namely neutral ones Lime salts from the general formula
oder basische Salze von der Formelor basic salts of the formula
a(^ „ TT Die Bildung dieser Salze ist nicht a (^ " TT The formation of these salts is not
ίο allein abhängig von den Mischungsverhältnissen, sondern auch gemäß den Versuchen, welche zu vorliegender Erfindung führten, von der Temperatur. Erhitzt man nämlich eine Lösung von Phenol- oder Kresolcalcium auf etwa 700 C, so beginnt bei dieser Temperatur eine Abscheidung des Phenols einerseits und ein Ausfallen des basischen Calciumsalzes andrerseits; schon bei etwas erhöhter Temperatur (etwa ioo°) ist diese Aufspaltung eine vollkommene, so daß also bei Temperaturen über 70° die Bildung eines neutralen Phenolkalksalzes unter normalen Druckverhältnissen ausgeschlossen ist. Hierdurch erklären sich die bisher bei der Reinigung des Rohphenols mittels Kalk erzielten unbrauchbaren Ergebnisse, wobei die Masse mit der berechneten Menge Kalk gekocht wurde und daher nur ein Teil des Phenols und dergl. als basisches Salz gefällt wurde, während derίο solely dependent on the mixing ratios, but also according to the experiments that led to the present invention, on the temperature. Namely by heating a solution of phenol or Kresolcalcium to about 70 0 C, then starts at this temperature, a deposition of the phenol on the one hand and precipitation of the basic calcium salt on the other hand; Even at a slightly elevated temperature (about 100 °) this splitting is complete, so that at temperatures above 70 ° the formation of a neutral phenol-lime salt is excluded under normal pressure conditions. This explains the unusable results achieved so far in the purification of the crude phenol using lime, the mass having been boiled with the calculated amount of lime and therefore only part of the phenol and the like
andere Teil mit den neutralen Ölen entfernt wurde.other part with the neutral oils was removed.
Auf Grund des angegebenen Verhaltens der Kalksalzlösungen bei erhöhten Temperaturen läßt sich daher die Abscheidung der Phenole in nahezu theoretischer Ausbeute erzielen, wenn man folgendermaßen ; verfährt..Due to the stated behavior of the lime salt solutions at elevated temperatures, the separation of the phenols can therefore be achieved in almost theoretical yield if one follows ; moves ..
Man behandelt die neutrale Öle haltenden Phenole bezw. Rohkarbolsäure mit so viel Kalkmilch, daß die neutralen Phenolcalciumsalze sich zu bilden vermögen, trennt die Lösungen event, nach vorangegangener Filtration durch Dekantieren oder Abziehen und entfernt die von der Kalksalzlösung mitgelösten geringen Mengen neutraler Öle durch Kochen unter Druckverminderung, so daß die Temperatur der Lösung möglichst 6o° C. nicht überschreitet. Hierbei destillieren mit den Wasserdämpfen die gelösten neutralen Öle (Trimethylbenzole, Durol, Naphtalin usw.) ab, wonach eine reine Calciumsalzlauge zurückbleibt. The phenols containing neutral oils are treated respectively. Crude carbolic acid with so much Milk of lime, that the neutral phenol calcium salts are able to form, separates the Solutions event, after previous filtration by decanting or peeling off and removes the small amounts of neutral oils dissolved by the lime salt solution Cooking under reduced pressure so that the temperature of the solution is as low as 60 ° C. does not exceed. Here, the dissolved neutrals are distilled with the water vapors Oils (trimethylbenzenes, durol, naphthalene, etc.), after which a pure calcium salt liquor remains.
Aus dieser lassen sich nun „die Phenole entweder in bekannter Weise durch Zersetzen mit Mineralsäuren abscheiden oder auf Grund des angegebenen Verhaltens durch Erhitzen bezw. Kochen der wäßrigen Lösung unter normalen Druckverhältnissen, wobei mit den Wasserdämpfen die Hälfte der in den Laugen enthaltenen Menge an Phenolen abdestilliert. Das zurückbleibende basische Kalksalz wird in diesem Fall an Stelle von Kalkmilch zum Lösen, neuer Mengen Rohkarbolsäure verwendet. From this “the phenols can either be decomposed in a known manner Separate with mineral acids or due to the specified behavior by heating respectively Boiling the aqueous solution under normal pressure conditions, with the Half of the amount of phenols contained in the lyes is distilled off with water vapor. In this case, the remaining alkaline lime salt is used instead of milk of lime Dissolve new amounts of crude carbolic acid used.
Zu etwa 200 bis 210 kg Phenole haltendem Teeröl bezw. Rohkarbolsäure fügt man 56 kg CaO haltende etwa 10 prozentige Kalkmilch, mischt, filtriert, läßt absitzen und zieht die Calciumsalzlösung der Phenole ab. Die so gewonnene Rohlauge wird im Vakuumapparat unter Vermeidung einer Erhitzung überTo about 200 to 210 kg of phenols holding tar oil respectively. Crude carbolic acid is added to 56 kg of CaO- containing about 10 percent milk of lime, mixed, filtered, allowed to settle and the calcium salt solution of the phenols is drawn off. The raw liquor obtained in this way is overheated in a vacuum apparatus while avoiding heating
6o bis 650 C. so lange gekocht, als noch beigemengte Teeröle abdestillieren.Boiled 6o to 65 0 C. as long as any added tar oils distill off.
Alsdann zieht man die nunmehr reine Lauge entweder ab, um sie in bekannter Weise mit Mineralsäuren zu zersetzen, oder man setzt die Destillation zweckmäßig unter Zuhilfenahme von Wasserdampf unter gewöhnlichen Druckverhältnissen fort, wodurch die Hälfte' der in der Lauge enthaltenen Phenole überdestilliert. Ist die Destillation so weit beendet, so trennt man das abgetriebene Phenol - in geeigneter Weise vom Destillatwasser und benutzt letzteres mitsamt dem Destillationsrückstand von basischen Calciumphenolaten zur Lösung neuer Mengen von Phenolen, wobei zu berücksichtigen ist, daß zur Bildung von Neutralsalzen 2 Moleküle Phenole nur ι Molekül CaO, dagegen 2 Moleküle basischen Calciumphenolats benötigen.The now pure alkali is then either drawn off in order to decompose it in a known manner with mineral acids, or the distillation is expediently continued with the aid of steam under normal pressure conditions, whereby half of the phenols contained in the alkali are distilled over. Once the distillation has ended so far, the phenol driven off is separated from the distillate water in a suitable manner and the latter, together with the distillation residue of basic calcium phenolates, is used to dissolve new amounts of phenols, whereby it must be taken into account that 2 molecules of phenols are only ι to form neutral salts Molecule CaO, on the other hand, require 2 molecules of basic calcium phenolate.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE147999C true DE147999C (en) |
Family
ID=415129
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT147999D Active DE147999C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE147999C (en) |
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0
- DE DENDAT147999D patent/DE147999C/de active Active
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