DE147393C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE147393C DE147393C DENDAT147393D DE147393DA DE147393C DE 147393 C DE147393 C DE 147393C DE NDAT147393 D DENDAT147393 D DE NDAT147393D DE 147393D A DE147393D A DE 147393DA DE 147393 C DE147393 C DE 147393C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- lime
- spongy
- flue gases
- rich
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002356 Skeleton Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium monoxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 Milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Description
PL·'%PL '%
inc;inc;
V-liV-left
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
Vorliegende Erfindung bezweckt, der Verunreinigung vorzubeugen, welche die atmosphärische Luft von ,Städten und Fabrikorten durch den Schwefeldioxyd- und Kohlenoxydgehalt der Schornsteingase infolge der bisherigen Betriebsweise der Feuerungen erfährt. Um die Rauchgase in dieser Richtung zu verbessern, besteht die Erfindung in einer eigentümlichen Verwendung des als Entschwefelungsmittel für Feuergase bekannten Kalkes. Bisher hat man dieses Mittel in der Weise verwendet, daß man es der Kohle in Form von gepulvertem Kalk zuschlug oder daß man zerkleinerte Kohle mit Hilfe von Kalkmilch brikettierte, ohne jedoch den erstrebten Zweck in befriedigender Weise zu erreichen.The present invention aims to prevent the pollution which the atmospheric Air from, cities and factories due to the sulfur dioxide and carbon oxide content the chimney gases experience as a result of the previous mode of operation of the furnaces. In order to improve the smoke gases in this direction, the invention consists in one peculiar use of lime, known as a desulphurizing agent for fire gases. So far one has this means in the Way used that one added it to the coal in the form of powdered lime or that one briquetted crushed coal with the help of milk of lime, without, however, striving for it To achieve the purpose in a satisfactory manner.
Erfinder hat nun erkannt, daß es zu einer erfolgreichen Rauchverzehrung von Wichtigkeit ist, den Formkalk derartig herzustellen, daß er im Feuer nicht zersprengt wird und zu Staub zerfällt, sondern die Stückform beibehält, gleichzeitig jedoch eine Änderung des Gefüges erfährt, indem er durch Verbrennen eines Bestandteiles und durch Verschlackung von anderen Bestandteilen eine schwammig poröse Struktur erhält.The inventor has now recognized that successful smoke consumption is important is to produce the limestone in such a way that it is not exploded in the fire and disintegrates into dust, but retains the shape of the piece, but at the same time changes the The structure learns by burning a component and by slagging receives a spongy, porous structure from other components.
Zu diesem Zwecke wird Kalk mit aschereichem Brennstoff (wie Braunkohle und Torf) mit leichter und schwerer brennenden Brennstoffen möglichst gleichmäßig vermischt. Der leicht verbrennliche Bestandteil, wie Sägespäne, wird deswegen zugesetzt, um durch rasches Ausbrennen die für die Ausdehnung der Masse unter der steigenden Temperatur erforderliche Porosität zu erteilen, der schwerer verbrennliche, wie Antrazit, dagegen, um durch langsameres Verbrennen die Porosität während der Verschlackung und in der Schlacke zu sichern, so daß eine Schlackenschicht von schwammartiger Porosität sich bildet. Vorteilhaft kann noch ein Zuschlag von backendem Brennstoff gemacht werden, um der Masse Zähigkeit zu geben.For this purpose, lime is made with ash-rich fuel (such as lignite and peat) mixed with lighter and heavier burning fuels as evenly as possible. Of the easily combustible constituents, such as sawdust, are therefore added in order to get through rapid Burning out necessary for the mass to expand under the rising temperature To give porosity, the more difficult to burn, such as anthracite, on the other hand, to go through the slower one Burn the porosity during the slagging and in the slag too secure so that a slag layer of spongy porosity forms. Advantageous Baking fuel can be added to give the mass toughness.
Versuche im großen haben als zweckmäßige Zusammenstellung ergeben: 10 bis 15 Prozent Sägespäne, 30 bis 35 Prozent nicht backender Brennstoff (Koks, Antrazit, Steinkohle), 20 bis 25 Prozent backender Brennstoff (Steinkohle), 30 bis 35 Prozent Braunkohle und Torf mit 6 bis 20 Gewichtsteilen Ätzkalk und so viel Wasser zur Milch gerührt, als das Gewicht der gesamten brennbaren Stoffe beträgt. Tests on a large scale have resulted in an appropriate combination: 10 to 15 percent Sawdust, 30 to 35 percent non-baking fuel (coke, anthracite, coal), 20 to 25 percent baking fuel (hard coal), 30 to 35 percent lignite and Peat mixed with 6 to 20 parts by weight of quicklime and as much water to the milk as that Weight of the total combustible material.
Die möglichst innig und gleichmäßig gemischte Masse wird zu Platten, Ziegeln usw. geformt, der Luft ausgesetzt, wobei der Ätzkalk in kohlensauren Kalk übergeht, der die Brennstoffteilchen miteinander versintert.The mass, mixed as intimately and evenly as possible, becomes slabs, bricks, etc. formed, exposed to the air, the quick lime turns into carbonate lime, which the Fuel particles sintered together.
Die erhaltenen Formstücke werden entweder mit dem Brennstoff in Schichten abwechselnd angeordnet oder hinter denselben , geschaltet.The molded pieces obtained are either alternated with the fuel in layers arranged or behind the same, switched.
Im Feuer verwandelt sich die Masse in eine schwer schmelzende schwammartige porose Schlackenwand, welche durch ihren Kalkreichtum den Schwefelgehalt der durchstreichenden Rauchgase sicher bindet, andrerseits indem sie eine innige Mischung zwischen den Rauchgasen und der sie begleiten-In the fire, the mass turns into a spongy, hard-to-melt porous structure Slag wall, which due to its richness in lime, the sulfur content of the traversing Securely binds flue gases, on the other hand by creating an intimate mixture between the flue gases and the accompanying
den unverbrannten Luft erzwingt, den Gehalt, der ersteren an festen Kohlenteilchen, Kohlenoxyd, Schwel- und Destillationsprodukten zur Verbrennung bringt. Das Resultat ist, daß die Schornsteine die Rauchgase in hohem Grade frei von Schwefligsäuregas, Kohlenoxyd und Ruß in die Atmosphäre entlassen.forces the unburned air, the content, the former of solid coal particles, carbon oxide, Brings smoldering and distillation products to combustion. The result is that the chimneys the flue gases to a high degree free of sulphurous acid gas and carbon monoxide and release soot into the atmosphere.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE147393C true DE147393C (en) |
Family
ID=414577
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Country Status (1)
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DE (1) | DE147393C (en) |
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- DE DENDAT147393D patent/DE147393C/de active Active
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