DE1451198A1 - Tube bundle heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

Badische Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik AG

HS 1198

P 14 51 I98.9 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, den

(B 77 44? Ia / I7f) _{# 26 June}

0, e.g. 23 106 ₃₁ ; _{October 1968}

Shell and tube heat exchanger

Shell and tube heat exchangers are known from another Jacket as the mean diameter of the tube bundle are surrounded, the tube bundle in a closed at the ends mostly pressure-bearing container is arranged. The tube bundle ends on both sides in a tube sheet and for the space outside each tube sheet is at least one nozzle for the supply and discharge of the medium passed through the tubes intended. For the heat-exchanging process that flows around the outside of the pipes Means are the corresponding pipe socket in the jacket within the determined by the axial distance between the two tube sheets Area.

The efficiency of such a tube bundle heat exchanger is, especially when exchanging heat between two gaseous media, mainly dependent on the flow conditions of the medium flowing around the outside of the pipes. For the pipeline are regular Polygons usual, so that between the tube bundle and the Wärrneaus t from chermant el segment spaces remain free, which to a preferably marginal flow of the pipes around

909820/0234

Documents (Article 7 * i Paragraph 2 NraSatrades amendment «. _V .4.9.1 ^ / y

OZ 23 106. _r

supplying medium, i.e. the heat-exchanging medium, ström.t :. with little heat exchange practically only at the Outside of the tube bundle. These disadvantageous ■ conditions have a particularly unfavorable effect if only a small pressure loss is allowed in the heat exchanger can and therefore to use larger pipe diameters is forced.

The mentioned effect of the marginal permeability of tube bundle heat exchangers has been avoided so far with known devices, e.g. by installing baffles or by sheathing of the tube bundle with a tight-fitting shirt. Between the shirt and the pressure-bearing coat is then approximately ring-shaped Flow channel given. The shirt contains depending on the desired flow at certain points recesses or nozzles that lead into the cavities between the pipes. The disadvantage of this measure is an increase in the pressure loss and a different heat exchange as a result of the different path lengths of the medium flowing around the pipes. To the Furthermore, there is already packing material to prevent the marginal ductility Poured into the segment spaces, which however also result in a very high pressure loss.

Another disadvantage of the known construction is that the position of the inlet and outlet connections for the pipes Outside rinsing: - Medium cannot be chosen arbitrarily. It then results from the interconnection of the heat exchanger

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O.Z. 23 106

with other devices it is relatively long and inconvenient Connecting lines. In chemical engineering plants, however, a heat exchanger is used when connecting with other apparatus, especially when exchanging heat between two gaseous media, the shortest possible lines should be aimed for. Axial countercurrent operation in the tube bundle must nevertheless to be guaranteed.

The invention is therefore based on the object, both the disadvantageous edge accessibility of tube bundle heat exchangers without suppressing a significantly increased pressure loss than also a direct heat exchange through the shirt of the tube bundle to be avoided and at the same time a training for a variety of operational twins capable construction to create a largely arbitrary choice of the location of the inlet and outlet nozzles for the medium flowing around the pipes outside.

This task is performed on a shell and tube heat exchanger for Purely axial countercurrent operation in the tube bundle achieved according to the invention by the following combination: The heat-exchanging media are only inserted into the tube bundle near the tube sheets, the position of the inlet and outlet nozzles and the one in between one-piece or multi-piece web is in the axial area between the tube sheet can be chosen as desired and the shirt is double-walled as a throw-away insulating cavity.

Based on the Zelebraang which reproduces several tasftalaraingsibeisipiele, the invention is below the near! Described.

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1 shows an axial cross section through a tube bundle heat exchanger. The corresponding cross-section is in Pig. 1a reproduced. The tubes forming the tube bundle end in the usual way in the two tube sheets 2 and 3, which in turn enter with the surrounding area in stuffing boxes 4 and in order to ensure expansion compensation with respect to the jacket 6 of the heat exchanger in the event of a high thermal load on the apparatus "Tube bundle 1 is tightly wrapped in a double-walled shirt 7. To define the insulating cavity 7a between the two walls of the liemdes 7, several annular spacers 8. The shirt 7 wrapped around the tubes has an axial dimension that is smaller than the mutual distance between the Tube sheets 2 and 3, so that the heat exchanging medium can only approach the tube bundle in the vicinity of the tube sheets emerges at the outer right-hand end. This path is determined by the one-part or multi-part web 10, the abdi is located right between the outer wall of the double-walled shirt 7 and the jacket 6 of the heat exchanger. This web 10 prevents the direct connection from the inlet connection 9 to the outlet support 1T on the flow path located next to the tube bundle. In order to adapt to different axial expansions between the tube bundle 1 and the Märmetausehersantel 6 muiB #ejr -steg W ^ ei ejjiteiliger execution ulk corrugated ring «usfefföhrl; apples ^, Pa However H

U51198

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Heat exchanger of the type described above with the stuffing boxes 4 and 5 usually have an extendable tube bundle, the web 10 is preferably designed in several parts and in such a way attached to the shirt 7 and the jacket 6 Parts designed as a labyrinth seal. The ones in the heat exchanger rooms outside of the tube sheets 2 and 3 opening pipe sockets 12 and 13 for leading through the hole 1 heat-exchanging media are arranged in the usual or known manner.

The embodiment of a tube bundle heat exchanger shown in FIG. 2 with the features according to the invention teaches "that the position of the web 10 and that of the nozzle 9 and 11 for the supply and discharge of the heat-exchanging medium which flows around the outside of the tubes 1 in the axial area between the Tube sheets 2 and 3 can be chosen largely arbitrarily.

When interconnecting ζ. B. of reactors with such Heat exchangers can then produce the desired short connections without difficulty. ·

A tube bundle heat exchanger according to the invention can be also build up without the stuffing boxes 4 and 5. Fig. 3 shows a construction in which the right tube sheet 3 a cylindrical attachment 14 with a collar 15 has. Of the The latter collar is braced together with the paddling pair to fix the tube bundle. At the left end

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of the tube bundle, the tube sheet 2 compensates a Wellrohrkompensator 17, the different in this case, axial expansions of the components, with the heat exchanger shell 6 verbunden.- In yet another example, simple in fixedly connected to the casing 6 tubesheet 2 and 3, that is at a Version without pull-out
Tube bundle, a corrugated tube compensator, can also be welded directly into the jacket 6 in the axial area between the two tube sheets 2 and 3.

BATH ORIGINAL

90982 0/0 2 34

Claims (2)

O.Z. 23 106 Claims .Λ Shell and tube heat exchanger for purely axial countercurrent operation • in a tube bundle, consisting of an undivided, pressure-resistant jacket closed at least at one end by a flanged base of the same diameter, which in its central axial area accommodates the tube bundle between two tube sheets, which is surrounded by a tightly fitting shirt and in this axial area as well as at both ends outside the tube sheets has inlet and outlet nozzles for the heat-exchanging media, the shirt of the tube bundle being shorter than the distance between the tube sheets and to prevent a direct flow between the two arranged in the axial area "of the tube bundle supply and discharge stub a _s the axial thermal expansions following resiliently lock is arranged extending from the Rohroündelhemd to the heat exchanger shell, characterized by the combination of the following features: a) the heat-exchanging media are only in the vicinity of the Tube sheets (2,3) introduced into the tube bundle (l); b) the position of the inlet and outlet nozzles (9, 11) and the Intermediate one-part or multi-part web (10) can be made as desired in the axial area between the tube sheets c) the shirt (7) is double-walled as a heat-insulating cavity. U51198 O.Z. 2J ΙΟβ 2. Tube bundle heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-part or multi-part web (10) is designed as a labyrinth seal. Badische Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik AG 90Θ820 / Ο23Α