DE1429103A1 - Piezoelectrically ignited gas burner - Google Patents

Description

HPIMUT GORTI- /

Γ Front door * o.M «Wi '

Dr. Expi

CLEVITE CORPORATIOH, Cleveland 8, Ohio, U.

Piezoelectrically ignited gas burner

The present invention relates generally to burners and in particular to a piezoelectrically ignited gas burner. The invention is suitable for both cutting tools for welding torches.

The ignition in conventional burner devices with liquid or gaseous fuel is done with matches, lighters or other flint oysters. Sb gives innumerable reports About the various shortcomings of the devices according to the State of the art. Suffice it to say here that difficult problems arise in the ignition of the fuel, in particular during operation with interruptions.

The present invention relates to a novel burner, where the igniter is assembled with the burner. Sin piezoelectric element is used to generate a spark To generate ignition of the combustible medium. The use of piezoelectricity presents special problems. This is how the gradual application of a compressive force (to prevent shock waves and other impact effects) on the piezoelectric Element at normal temperature an electrical potential that strikes a spark near the tip of the torch, who ignites the gases. MuS but the burner re-ignited become while its tip is hot, a sufficient potential for generating ignition cannot be achieved, because of the electrical resistance of such devices

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Isolationmaterialisn used in case of increased temperatures essential * ». loaned is downsized. This bat but result is that the time constant of the circuit is low, so that the electric charge flows off so quickly that there is sufficient to produce the required spark Ladungsaufbati -Prevents vs? Ird>

In the new invention, this object is achieved by suddenly reducing the pressure applied to the piezoelectric element. The reduction msS take place within a period of time de * less than the time constant of the circle, so that & x © charge is generated faster than it flows off ₉ until it is finally sufficient to generate the Sftoäfanken su. The exact way in which an eolohen works. pissoelectric elements can be found in the concurrent American application Sr .. 150 _S 808 au ... -

Another feature of the present invention is the compact structure of the burner. In some cases this is due to the use of "hydraulic. Dear reinforcement" erraictjtj ät® ®Msb. compared to a ¹ mechanism - - is advantageous.

. The use of the ⁵ 'hy & rauliseiian ¥ @ r @ TRENGTHENING' ^r according to the present invention occurs post-ä & m following principle. An elastomer is completely enclosed by a cylinder and touches two pistons with different sized laughs. The smaller piston is pressed into the chamber and penetrates the space normally occupied by the elastomer, displacing a volume of the elastomer corresponding to the penetration of the piston. According to the well-known - ßesetz der hydraulic- ■ *. the wide piston is moved, whereby a pressure increase β -: - ·: occurs corresponding to the ratio of the piston areas. Compressibility stored, and a further part of the energy is lost because of 'the hysteresis of the elastomer in the form of heat'. These losses are in proportion

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turned »total energy low.

HJs is the main object of the present invention to be a burner to create that avoids the shortcomings of the prior art and the efficiency and the cost factors thereby improved, that a piezoelectric 2ünder as a unified * · part of the Brenners is provided »which is also under unfavorable workhouse. Weather conditions is operational.

Another object of the invention is to provide an urgent one built and relatively simple »piezoelectric device Exploitation of the principle of hydraulic pressure boosting in order to achieve mechanical advantages.

Yet another object of the new invention is used for the hydraulic pressure boosting to provide a burner which ei ".Elastomer, _f to avoid Diobtungeprobleme which are normally connected to a hydraulic system.

One aspect of the present invention is to provide a piezoelectrically ignited gas burner connected to a source can be connected with flammable gas. The burner has a housing with a gas line for gas transmission on »Operational Attached to this housing is the piezoelectric means responsive to pressure force. Another resource is the housing structurally assigned to create a gas jet in communication with the gas source; the beam is practically of Surrounding atmosphere bear print. Another means is mechanical connected to the piezoelectric means to apply a compressive force thereto so that an electric voltage is generated will; the new invention also includes a conductive circuit with a spark gap connected to the piezoelectric means ■ is switched in the grater and is in operational sowing of the gas jet.

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Another object of the present invention is the creation of a piezoelectric, "hydraulically actuated" burner with a fixed abutment. Also provided is a piezoelectric means that acts on compressive force responds and one of which is held by the abutment, as well as a means of force amplification via a volume shift, around. to apply a compressive force to the other end of the piezoelectric means in which the means for displacement of the volume is a suitably enclosed elastomer »

Further features _f advantages and possible applications of the new invention emerge from the representations of exemplary embodiments and from the following description.

It shows:

Fig. 1 is a side view of the burner according to the invention, wherein ! File broken away and shown in section «and the

FIGS. 2 and 3 are views similar to FIG. 1 with specific phases the ignition sequence, Fig. 3 also shows a modified device according to the new invention.

According to Fig. 1, a burner 10 has a handle 12 and a Nozzle part 14 on. The foregoing can be broadly referred to as a housing of the device. The handle has three round lines 16, 18 and 20 that extend through it. The lines 16 and 18 are connected to an oxygen reservoir, and the line 20 is ait a reservoir of combustible gas, such as. B. butane, propane (not illustrated) connected. The pipe system comprises the tubes 16a, 18a and 20a, which lead the gases into the nozzle part of the burner. The nozzle 14 forms a hollow elongated body with an internal thread 22 for receiving an insert 24, the three inner lines 16b, 18b and 20b, which in connection with the .Lei--

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functions of the handle 12, namely via the drill holes 16 ", 18a or 20a .. A conventional valve (not illustrated) is connected between the nozzle 14 and the handle 12, to regulate the gas supply.

The insert 24 has an insulating part 26, which consists of a narrow circular disc 26a and a flanged Bushing 26b, which rests against the disc 26a and encloses a cavity and in which a tubular shaft 28, and in particular a flange end 30 thereof, which is formed on one end of the shaft 28. Although it should be noted here that, according to the requirements of the invention, the shaft is made of (electrically) highly conductive material is made, is for reasons explained below, the splashing end 30 in this way only with parts that consist of insulating material, in connection.

The various components of the insert 24 and shaft 28 have openings or channels 16c, 18c and 20c, respectively. which cooperate with the respective channels 16b, 18b and 20b and fit together.

Opposite the flange end 30, the shaft 28 has a circular shape enlarged end 29 which ends at the tip 15 of the nozzle 14. This enlarged end 29 comprises a removable part 29a, which is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 32 which Represent openings, is provided. The shaft end 29 is carried and surrounded by a circular rope 31, which is also is made of insulating material which is fixedly attached to the interior of the nozzle 14. The space between the enlarged The end 29 of the shaft 28 and the insert 24 form the mixing chamber 33. The gas mixtures thus escape through the openings 32 as a gas jet in an environment of practically atmospheres " pressure.

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U29103

Made in one piece with the main body of the handle % Z ? sin j hollow elongated housing 34 of grundaätslioh ^ y ^ isdrlsohein i provided in appearance. A piezoelectric element 56 is mounted in the housing 34. The element 36 can consist of crystal elements, but is preferably made of piezoelectric ceramic material, such as barium titanate, lead titanate, zirconate or the like. The element % is polarized and provided with connections, so that when a compressive force is applied, a voltage potential is generated and can be removed . ■■ "■ '■""■" ^: "- *"■■':

A cylindrical disk 38 made of conductive material rests against the grease 36, "® allow an electrical connection between a (non-visible) electrode on the element and a feed wire 40 and also to form a rigid seat for the piezoelectric element 36. Its insulating neck 42 encloses the element 36 and the disk 38 except for one end at which a disk 44 made of conductive material rests against the element 36 and is in electrical contact with a further electrode (not visible) on the element Element? On the housing 34, and the disk 44 establishes the electrical ground connection.

A protruding tubular shaft 46, which forms a unitary whole with the sleeve 42, protrudes through a plug 48 with an external thread. The plug is removably inserted into the housing 34 and can be used to preload the piezoelectric blade, lead wire 40 runs through shaft 46 and the actual shaft 42 and is electrically connected to disk 38; the opposite end extends Wire 40 transversely into the nozzle 14 through an insulating tube 54 mounted in the nozzle and is electrically connected to the shaft 28. Sine Sohuts ». And leolier-

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Enclosure 50 made of rubber surrounds the lead wire between the tube 54 and the shaft 46.

The arrangement for hydraulic force amplification, by means of which a compressive force is applied to the piezoelectric element, comprises a body made of elastomer 58 which lies between the end wall 35 of the housing 34 and the disk 44. A circular sealing ring 60 made of soft leather or plastic lies between the disk 44 and the elastomer 58 in order to prevent the elastomer 58 from escaping under pressure into the clearance between the outer edge of the disk 44 and the inner wall surface of the housing 34. Another sealing washer 62 lies between the elastomer 58 and the end wall of the housing 34. A piston 64 extends axially and slidably through the opening 66 in the end wall 35; the sealing ring 62 fits tightly on the piston 64 to prevent the elastomer 58 from leaking into the clearance between the piston and the guide opening 66 under pressure.

A lug 37, which is integral with the housing 34, has a central opening for pivoting about a passage therethrough Trunnion 70 to receive. An operating lever 68 and an elongated handle 72 are slidable about the pivot 70 attached around. The lever 68 has a curved end 74 that bears against the piston 64 and the opposite end 76 of the lever 68 is angular and contacts a leaf spring 78 attached to the handle 72. The spring 78 acts simultaneously as a rash for the lever end 76 and is at a predetermined pressure against the lever 68, so that the Handle 72 and lever 68 when the handle is moved clockwise Rotate about a common axis and turn the piston 64 into one Can push part of the space normally occupied by the elastomer 58 (Fig. 2). As soon as a predetermined pressure against the Elastomer is exerted, d. i.e., ee is a predetermined

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When the load is applied to the "" piston, the stop or locking effect of the spring 78 is overcome and it is pressed in such a way that it bends outwards (clockwise), see Pig. 3 * releasing the piston and lever. Lever 68 suddenly returns to the "free * ^1" position, see Figure 1, and contacts stop pin 80 attached to lug 37. This completes the release the lever exerts a pressure against the piston 64 »and the kinetic energy stored in the elastomer 58 moves the piston 64 outwards against the pin 80 * whereby the load on the piezoelectric element is suddenly canceled *

In this construction, the disk 44 forms the large piston » the piston 64 the smaller. The effective areas are in a certain * ratio, and the volume of the elastomer, that the piston 64 displaces * is distributed over the effective Area of the Seheibe 44ϊ the relative movement between the disc 44 and piston 64 is in inverse proportion to theirs respective areas.

In operation, when the flow rate through a number of or more lines 16, 18 and 20 is released, a gas jet is created between the openings 32 and the nozzle 14. When the lever _{5 is} actuated as described above, the piezoelectric element 36 is closed. 'is next compressed and causes an electrical potential to be generated which is conducted through the feed wire 40 which delivers the charge to the shaft 28. Since the nozzle and handle 12 are electrically connected to the housing 34, there is a 20 between the shaft and the nozzle 14. These two parts are arranged in such a way that the narrowest space between them is in the cave of the tip 15 of the nozzle 14, where, if the potential rises sufficiently, a spark occurs which discharges the electrical charge through this spark gap 15a.

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ϊη the first phase of the actuation, which occurs in the movement of the Griffβ 72 from the position of FIG. 1 in the oaoh Yig. Z comes to the outside pressure, the piezoelectric element 36 is gradually compressed, and a charge of one polarity is generated. If the electrical circuit has a sufficiently high resistance, the charge jumps over the path 15a; others? all it is consumed in the circle. The second phase of the actuation "ie the movement of the handle 72 from the position according to FIG. 2 in $ i <t according to FIG. 3" causes a sudden release of the compressive force on the piezoelectric element 36, whereby a second charge of opposite polarity is generated . Since the mechanical movement of the second phase occurs very quickly, the charge is generated in a period of time that is shorter than the time constant of the electrical circuit as it is composed of the soapy components. As a result, the charge ionizes the path 15a and a spark flashes over which terminates the gate seal.

With the same numerals to denote the same parts 3 shows a modification of the present invention in which a Piston 82 located in housing 34 * has its annular groove 54, circumferentially around the piston, and an O-ring 86 in the groove 84 which seals the housing 34 *. Sin piston 64 * protrudes through the housing 34 *, and a Hing 94 closes tightly around the piston 64 * and is carefully placed in an annular groove, which is provided in the housing 34 *. The space between the piston 82 and the wall 35 'fills a conventional hydraulic medium 88. The device works exactly as described above.

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Claims (2)

J ■ -, ". ■■■;. ■■ Pateutanaprttohe 1 ! ! Piezoelectrically steamed gas burner. ₅ <Jer to one; össqualle; anachlieQ \> ar is, gekesinj & elelm & t through 9in housing-with a line for gas, e ^ u.piesoelfictriepb ^ .Jiittsl, da? Operationally arranged on the housing and piezoelectrically responsive to the application of compressive force, means structurally assigned to the housing by which a jet in flow connection with the gas source is formed, which sifts in an environment of practically Ata: cepliäi? AEdruüic is, aiiiö is connected to the piBEoelektrieohen means connectedujideris Sinriohtung, which applies a compressive force to the deeeelb® for a relatively long time, so that a considerable part of the piezoelectric Ijadusng generated by the stress of the piezoelectric means küre su aer time said comparison and is suitable for Braeugusg an electric voltage, the stress is then released suddenly, a "lektrieoh to the pieeoelektrieohe means angeächloesene .A device" dia causes consumption, and a conductive circuit having a spark gap, the piezoelectric with the Middle in legs and in working proximity • u the Gasstr ahl lies. 2. Firing according to claim 1, characterized in that the device aur application of a compressive force to the piezoelectric surface Means has a device through which the force to spatial displacement of an elastomer reinforced and the Compressive force is applied. 3i: Burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the device through which a .Druckkraft.an d & e pieeoelektrieche Means is applied, a device UBifaÖt through which the Iraft * ur räuialicben displacement of a hydraulic medium veretilrkt and the compressive force aagelegi; will. 909822/0184 ^ r ORIGINAL - 11 - Ü29103 hydraulically operated device, arranged by a foot © g abutment * piezeeÄtrisohe means * which on Bsmokfcraft aaspreohen and in which the abutment a BMe - holds »u & ä vine Torriohtung, reinforced by soft dln'TerftrttaguiigeiEraft for'ein elastomeric volume the. to the other band of piezoelectric means is applied. hydraulically operated ^ orrlohtußg, duyöa a housing, τοη the rnindeBtonis ieeile bo are that the calibration does not shift, Gta ρίβεο- Means in the S <> häUBe _f the pressure sprayed on its one volume νόΆ the housing is held and a Klaetomer, which is enclosed in the housing in a suitable manner and with respect to atm other £? And the @ piezoelectric a gown β ia kept a distance is, οinsu first piston, which is placed outside the ElaBtoaar tind dao pieaoelectrisohe means and of which an area voa vorbaetinmter Öi-ößeiö. Wifkverbinäung with the elastomer is' and a second KoIbett "dee in the part normalerweiee ran the blastomere eingenammenen seam can be pressed. Displaced whereby a bargain of the elastomers and in the Ί & .Β. stoBier sis. Print Gesche ^ ff. is n ^ _f the hot Binwirkimg the Bl & Öhe the first Kolhens eSJt force ratio between first and dam & m smeiten piston manages that their ^ e? corresponds to the ratio iei3.igen Flöoben _ö ignited ßaebrent ^ he SSUM connection to a FIFA reservoir with eineta elektrisohsa Kreie with a EeitkonatejfXte extending spu ^ arumit the DUROU Benuteung dea burner caused Ueagebungeteaperatur changes »characterized by a housing with a gas pipe, a piezoelectric means _$ the operably supported on the öehäuse eats , and piezoelectric on the 909822/0184 miff aüe nwaesaA uad X) ^ # k in it ■ · '■■' 1423103 sweitsa piston creates * the ratio of their enteprioht * gesundster 0asbrsna © rj> aum Insohluß combustible at Quellainit (Yeah, gölxnnz si paves duroh ο in Oe hau 3 a with diner Gaeleltuns, din piezoelektriaohee means dae operation "föhlg is aehäuoöangeoirdnet where and piozoelektrlBoh to <Äio ^A nlogung of D ^ uolcltraft anspriQht ₉ a structurally ssugeordnete the Oehöuaa Einriohtuag, (iurch which is an in Vefcindung "it the Gaaquölle standing gas jet is produced, which lies in an environment of praktiaoh Atmoephärendruok,% iim device peieoelektrleohe to the Kittel aageaohlOBBtn," oduroh these en a Bruokkraft is applied, eodaö an eltktrisohe charge is detected "and a conductive circle with a spark gap, which is connected to the piezoelectric-active coat in Hein" and in-be-operable Mbe dee Öaöstrahle lies " Piesoelektrisob hydraulically operated Vorriohtung »known by a foeteo abutment, which is a pleeoelektrieohee means that is injected on Bruokkraft and held with one end by the abutment ₉ and a means that the. Force, increased in a hydraulic way, so that one pushing force is applied to the other: ßnde dee pissoelslttrischSB means if it is 909822/0184
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