DE1271641C2 - Process for clarifying and cleaning surface water and process water containing solid suspended matter - Google Patents

Description

The Lrfindung betriiVt a Veifahren /.um clarifying and purifying solid Schwebstotfe containing surface water and ßetrieoswässer by organijche I lockiingsirillel in connection nut inorganic Klärhilfsstoflen.

In clarification systems with vertical or horizontal flow, pre-cleaning systems are generally used before clarification. The clarifying chemicals (precipitants, flocculants) generally used are minipuim sulfate and fisensulfite. It is disadvantageous that the efficiency of these agents is satisfactory, since the purified water still contains substances. In addition, the state of equilibrium is extremely unstable, so that an extremely slight fluctuation in the water level calls into question the effectiveness of the sewage work. Because of this uncertainty in cleaning technology, the quantity of pure water always fluctuates. Thus it can be stated that a continuous water treatment of the desired quantity and temperature is difficult to achieve by filling or flocculation processes.

The method according to the invention allows quality fluctuations to be eliminated in pure water.

Another advantage of the process according to the invention is, that its application in the existing water purification plants the multiple, approximately the 3- to -make, which guarantees water purification capacity with the well-known methods.

3 "1. Various P.'lyelektrolyte were added to the solid Schwehestolie containing water and the efficiency of the clarification studied here was Fs e IR igi -.- .. ^1;.!. Ja.'i below a certain Fe-tstoü Concentration even the most effective polyelectrolyte can no longer carry out complete clarification of the rolling water.

2. If: at the same time as the polyelectrolytes solid and compact, a small specific surface area containing substances, such as / .. B. fine quartz sand, is used, then can also be diluted Suspensions can be clarified within a short time with a good degree of effectiveness.

3. The efficiency can be further increased and the amount of polyelectrolyte can be reduced if In addition to the polyelectrolyte, there are other common chemicals known for clarification (Precipitants or flocculants) can be used.

4. The quartz sand added to the raw water is circulated, with regeneration

-) 5 of the same by application in a hydrocyclone B: itterie is carried out.

The above findings are based on the following laboratory tests:

Su A moor orphan (origin Aszär, Transd.iiiiihieii) was chosen as the suspension model. The raw water had a relative degree of fruity νυη 2H) (measured with a Pulfrich photometer). the suspended content was 105 mg / ^{l (g / m a} ), the ilinic acid or humate concentration was about 20 nm and the color of the raw water was greenish-yellow.

The samples were filled into four one-liter measuring cylinders fitted with glass stoppers

The following substances resp. Additives were added. Finally, the contents of the graduated cylinder after adding these substances Mixed for 6 minutes. The process of clearing water has been studied as a function of time, in such a way that that the solids content of the introduced into the cylinder Solutions was determined by concentration. The samples to be determined were 5 cm below the Liquid level removed.

Cylinder I:

Raw water

Cylinder 2:

Raw water i- a composition corresponding to US-V Patent 3,130,167, column 3, Composition C, namely 20 ppm organic flocculants containing 4 ppm polyacrylamide and ld ppm bentonite (the mixture was suspended or dissolved and dosed into 10 ml of water );

Cylinder 3:

Raw water + a mixture of 16 ppm ground serpentine (according to the German Patent specification 156 578) and 4 ppm polyacrylamide;

Cylinder 4:

Mixture according to the invention, containing 30 ppm AL (SO,) ₃ , 4 ppm polyacrylamide and 4 g / 1 granular quartz sand.

After a sitting time of 1, 2, 4, 6, and 12 minutes the suspended matter content of the samples was determined. It's in the table below specified.

of the result also in the clarification of humic tunnels. The peat water, according to the invention, becomes clear, and the original greenish yellow color had disappeared. The liumaipchiill of the clarified water was at most about 1 to 2 mg / liter.

The experiment carried out is a higher / more advanced one Proof that the present process represents a significant technical advance compared to your State of the art.

ίο Compared to that from the German patent specification 156 578 and the USA.-Palentschrift 3 130 167 known State of the art is that according to the invention Method inventive, since it could not be assumed that a substance without an active surface, such as. B.

15 quartz, bring about such a clarifying effect k.inn.

The invention is thus based on d: li zu..ich

with a polyelectrolyte such crystal nuclei Raw water are supplied that they as a result of their - weight the setting speed of the electrical

Increase aolyte flakes.

Presumably, the chain inolecules of the polyelectrolyte are linked with their functional (iilips on the one hand to the solid particles which are difficult to settle and have a high degree of dispersion dererscits to the artificially cingfiihiten fixed, mineral-like, granular clarifying aid.

A second series of tests was carried out in order to determine which factors are taken into account with regard to the effectiveness of the clarifying aid should. In these experiments, coarse, fine, and micro-pumice stones and fractions of quartz sand were used different grain size and specific surface applied. Here is a classification of the substances used was carried out with the help of sieves or by classification with Hydro7.yc! ons. The grain size and Specific information on the unused substances can be found in the list below.

table

Clarity, minutes 1 Rcihenf
the MciJ /> 105 ί 2 1 100 \ 100 I. 2 100 ; 9o 4th 90 ! 82 ^! 6th 90 74! 8th 85 I W! 12th ! 62;

old mg / 1

¹ IgC

lighter

102
95
95
87
85
8 (1

65
46
35
23
19th
12th

From this it can be stated that erfir.dgemälj the clarification of suspended solids and colloidally dissolved impurities is rapid. A Certain KläretVekt can also be used in the case of a bentonite containing Sample (cylinder 2) can be perceived. However, the clearing effect is also after 12 minutes extremely low. The serpentine used (cylinder 3) is completely ineffective.

Although there ^r inventive method it 'in the first row on the clarification of solid inorganic Si'h ..', - but applies bs'oll'en, it gives a hefriedigen-classification table

l'return

I. raw pumice stone

II. Fine pumice stone

IH. Micro-liinisstcin

iV. Quartz sand

V. Quar / .sand

Vl. Quartz sand

Conical

Specific

,,. , Surface ciw.i growls in λ

30 to 200 "10 to KH) 15 to 100 30 to KX) 15 to 30 until 20

20'Kt

SlMl

A K. tkvipoK i,. 1 'polyelectrolyte of! 0 (KH) bi> 700 <10 Pi.lyrvnsaiinu ·, grad u'id a Melkohesischen Int.icmeni · ■ <'. · ■ > bc 14 Kcal / 'mol applied: / .. II. a copolymer with polyacrylamide and polyacrylic acid. , wa-.vjrlo-.ln. \ · Ι part 50 ° ' ₀ . The examined sludge stones w.uei fluii watercr with a stol concentration of 300 g / m ", 50 g ^; m ⁸ and river sludge url ciiu-r 1 t: s: stol concentration of 1300 g / m ³ .

For example, a polyelectrolyte and a solid mineral-like clarifying agent were used individually and in the same amount together your water to be clarified is added. The results obtained are shown in Table II.

Table Il

Clarify by adding clarifying aid and polyelectrolyte at the same time Suspended matter content: 0.36 g / l

Raw sludge 60 Clarifying aid additive 2 Solids content 60 ' comment cloudy Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) :, 10 2 g / l 0.254 cloudy Polyelectrolyte additive Polyacrylamide kg / m ' 2 Clearing time 0.25 clear Mixed polymer 2 30 ' 0.19 after 10 hours B / m ¹ Polyacrylamide and - 2 0.34 after 10 hours Polyacrylic acid 20th - 2 0.36 after 2 hours (or Na-Salz) 2 0.234 clear - 2 0.19 cloudy - 2 0.238 cloudy - 60 - 0.224 after 2 hours cloudy AI ₁ (SO ₁ ), 60 Pumice stone II 0.24 0.22 after 10 hours cloudy Al ₂ (SO ₁ ), 60 Pumice III 0.262 0.246 after 10 hours truo AI ₂ (SO ₁ J ₃ 10 Quartz sand IV 2 0.246 0.278 after 10 hours cloudy Polyacrylamide 10 Pumice stone II 2 0.25 0.242 after 10 hours clear Polyacrylamide 10 Pumice III 2 0.266 0.13 after 10 hours clear Polyacrylamide Quartz sand IV 2 0.33 0.114 after 10 hours clear Mixed polymer Pumice stone ¹ I. 2 0.29 0.09 after 30 minutes Polyacrylamide and Pumice III 2 0.214 after 30 minutes Polyacrylic acid 20th Quartz sand IV 4th 0.158 after 30 minutes (b / w. Na-SaIz) 30th 4th 0.134 clear AIs (SO ₄ ) :, 30th , 0.10 cloudy AI ₂ (SO ₄ ) J 30th 0.19 cloudy AI ₂ (SOY ₃ 60 Quartz sand IV 0.21 after 30 minutes: .n cloudy AL (SO ₁ I ₃ 60 Pumice stone II 0.142 0.19 after 10 hours cloudy Al ₂ (SOY ₃ 10 Pumice stone St. 0.262 0.218 after 10 hours cloudy Polyacrylamide IO Quartz sand IV 0.27 0.33 after 10 hours Clarification after 5 hours Polyacrylamide Quartz sand V 0.26 0.30 after 10 hours Clarification after 5 hours Quartz sand VI 0.274 0.38 after 10 hours Quartz sand V 0.36 Quartz sand VI 0.42 0.50

This compilation shows that quartz sand IV in quantities of 2 kg / m ³ in connection with 10 g of poly-L-Icktrnlvt in ³ gives the best clearing success.

Comparison; one in Table II, the effect of quartz and pumice, so Dall Klärhilfsmiitcl with CIiIi arises ¹ I prolWn active surface which with a wvniLvi aklivun surface of clear effect me-Sk ¹ Iu ^- I).

According to the invention, the best-found clarifying aid is! hence a quartz sand of less active activity

55 surface with a grain size of about 30 to 100 microns (see the classification table). There is a particular advantage in using quartz sand in that it is wear-resistant and therefore withstands mechanical stress during the rain

^fi o ration good "/ iderstist.

Claims (2)

Claims. 1. Process for the clarification and purification of surface water containing solid debris by organic flocculants in combination with inorganic KUirhillsmiitelu, thereby nc kc η η / cich η c I. A known οι manic KeltenpoKmer-I'oKclckiriilyien with a Polynicrivationsgrad Min about MlD to 70 1) 01). if necessary, other lällungsmillel unl icNie usual for liic W assci clarification. mincralaite, granular, wear-resistant ¹ S Klarhillsmiltcl. Mir / ugs \ veKc quartz sand, with a l'eilchengiöLW m..i H) up to 2oo microns and a sj-ie / ilisclicn obeiilache (after Le;: - Nui se) M <n IOD up to 5 (10mV-g the to be processed Water is added and the (eslen. Mineral- ~ " ailiucn. Miiuiskii Klaihillsiuiucl in the Kicisluuf luliil. N.icliilcm one them in a I lydrozykion-Ii.Hlci υ iciieiieiiert li.it. 2. Veilalncn na.-Ii Aiispiuch! .Dadurch aeUnn- / cichiK idili-one as KettenpoKnu l'oKcleklro- ^i-2 "> LYTEN a polymer used, the functional groups each having a molkohäsisches lnkrenient 5-20 Kcal / mole. The invention therefore relates to a method for clarifying and cleaning surface water containing solid particles and process water by means of organic flocculants in conjunction with inorganic clarifying agents. which is characterized by it. In order to use a known organic chemical polymeric polycyte with a degree of polymerization of about 500 to 7DOO1), if necessary, other precipitating media which are customary for water purification, and then harvested. mineru cheesy grainy. \ crshread-proof clarification aid. Preferably Uuar / .sand, with a particle size of min 10 to 200 microns and a specific Obcrllache mach Lea - Nurse) MHi loo to SiMi cm- 'and the .mi / preparing water / usci / t and the loos. niiiH'ralaitigen, granular KUulullsiniitel circulates after it has been regenerated in an I Ivdrozyklon-Bauerie. The mineral-like, solid, granular clarifying aid used is preferably quartz sand with a grain size of 10 to 200 microns and a specific surface area of 100 to 500 cm ^v g (according to Lea-Nurse). A polymer is used as the KeUenpolymer-Polyelekirolyte, whose functional groups each have a Molecular inheritance have 5 to 20 Kcal / mol. The method of the present invention is based on the following Findings: