DE1266962B - Decrease the flammability of plastics - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN PATENT OFFICE German class: 39 b -22/01 EDITORIAL - ^ File number: D48214IVc / 39b

1266962 Filing date: September 16, 1965

Opening day: April 25, 1968

Several attempts have been made to make combustible plastics flame-retardant equip. So were chlorinated hydrocarbons together with salts of metals of the V. group of the periodic table and also esters of halophenols with organic acids as fire retardant additives used for polymers. However, such mixtures tend to be the most common usual elevated processing temperatures to thermal decomposition reactions, depending on the duration the thermal stress damage the mechanical and optical properties of the plastic.

Other flame retardants, such as nuclear chlorinated or -brominated diaromatic or aromatic-aliphatic ethers or nuclear brominated anilines, which are used in Combination with antimony trioxide, especially polyolefins, admixed, show during storage Emigration with the formation of efflorescence on the self-extinguishing molding compounds produced with it.

Additions of compounds of metals from group V of the periodic table, in particular of antimony trioxide, play a special role in flame-retardant plastic mixtures. These However, metal compounds are not effective on their own, but only in combination with halogen, with the antimony oxyhalide can then form as an extinguishing agent during a fire.

The subject of the invention is the use of compounds of the general formula

where X is fluorine, chlorine and / or bromine atoms and η 2pi $ 5 means in an amount of 1 to 35 percent by weight, based on the raw material without surcharges, to reduce the flammability of plastics.

Suitable plastics are, for. B. soft polyvinyl chloride, homopolymers or copolymers of olefins, polystyrene, copolymers of styrene with Acrylonitrile and / or butadiene, polymethacrylates. Alkyd resins, ethyl cellulose, acetyl cellulose, polyester resins, epoxy resins, polybutadienes, polyisoprene or Polyphenylene oxides or such plastic mixtures.

Suitable additives according to the invention are silicic acid orthoesters in the aromatic ring phenols substituted by 2 to 5 fluorine, chlorine and / or bromine atoms, such as. B .:

Decrease the flammability of Plastics

Applicant:

Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft, 5210 Troisdorf

Named as inventor: Dr. Hans-Joachim Kötzsch, Dr. Gerhard Bier, 5210 Troisdorf Tetra- (pentafluorophenoxy) -silane, Tetra- (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) silane, Tetra- (2,3,4,5-tetrachlorophenoxy) silane, Tetra- (pentachlorophenoxy) -silane, Tetra- (2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) -silane and Tetra (pentabromophenoxy) silane.

These substances can be produced by processes not claimed here, e.g. B. by implementing Silicon tetrachloride with 4 equivalents of the corresponding phenols in a solution of hydrocarbons at elevated temperature in the presence of catalytic amounts of a tertiary amine, which is thermally unstable hydrochloride forms, such as. B. N, N-dimethylaniline.

Optionally, the fire retardant additives can also be used in combination with 1 to 20 percent by weight of the plastic with oxides and / or sulfides of antimony and / or bismuth and other fire retardants, e.g. B. chlorinated paraffins can be used. The molding compounds can use it in addition, other common additives, such as. B. plasticizers, heat and light stabilizers, lubricants and fillers, e.g. B. carbon black, zinc oxide or sulfide, titanium oxide, etc. contain.

The fire retardant additives of the present invention are among those required for most materials increased processing temperatures in contrast to the previously known flame retardants absolute stable. This surprisingly good heat resistance generally makes additional heat stabilization superfluous. However, they are particularly high Processing temperatures applied, e.g. B. the thermoplastic processing of polyphenylene oxide-containing molding compounds, an additional stabilization, e.g. with the usual polyvinyl chloride

Nf MO / 457

Claims (1)

Stabilizers, such as barium, cadmium, tin or lead compounds, have the advantage. The incorporation of the flame-retardant additives, optionally together with other additives, can be carried out by known methods, e.g. B. in a kneader, on the roll or by pre-extruding. It is advantageous to preheat the components before combination in an oven at 120 C ^c. The molding compounds produced in this way were processed on a piston injection molding machine into rods measuring 100 - <20 χ 1 mm. To test the self-extinguishing properties, these rods were held vertically in a 4 cm high, non-luminous Bunsen flame in a draft-free room for 10 seconds. The after-burning time from the removal of the gas flame to the extinction of the test specimen was measured. example 1 80 parts of polyphenylene oxide with the reduced viscosity of 0.7, 20 parts of polystyrene, IO parts of tetra- (penlachlorophenoxy) -silane, 4 parts of antimony trioxide. I part of titanium dioxide and 2 parts of bisphenol A were preheated to 120 ° C. and placed in a laboratory mixer mixed. The mixture was extruded and granulated. The granules became test specimens of the Dimension 100 <20 · I mm processed. All of ten samples extinguished immediately in the fire test. Example 2 Sample moldings were produced analogously to Example I. All ten samples examined extinguished immediately. Example 4 From IOO parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, 25 parts of tetra- (pentachlorophenoxy) -silane and 8 parts of antimony trioxide were prepared analogously. Example I test syringes. From ten samples eight went out immediately and two after a second. Example 5 From I (K) parts of low pressure polyethylene, 30 parts of tetra (pentachlorophenoxy) silane and 12 parts of antimony trioxide Sample moldings were produced analogously to Example 1. Four out of ten samples went out after 2 seconds and six after 4 seconds. Example 6 From 60 parts of polyvinyl chloride, produced by the emulsion process, 40 parts of dioctyl phthalate, ITeil Ba-Cd-Laurat, 14 parts tetra- (pentachlorophenoxyl-silane and 6 parts antimony trioxide were analogous to Example I test moldings produced. Out of ten samples, three extinguished after 2 seconds, three after 4 seconds and four after 8 seconds. Claim: Use of compounds of the general formula 20th 25th From IOO parts polystyrene, 35 parts tetra- (pentachlorophenoxyj-silane and 8 parts antimony trioxide were analogously to Example 1 test moldings produced. All ten samples examined in the fire test went out immediately. B e i s ρ i e 1 3 From IOO parts of polystyrene, 16 parts of tetra- (pentabromophenoxy) -silane and 7 parts of antimony trioxide Si where X is fluorine, chlorine and / or bromine atoms and / 1 is 2 to 5, in an amount of 1 to 35 percent by weight, based on the raw material without additives, to reduce the flammability of plastics.