DE126356A - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

The present invention relates to expansion turbines, and more particularly to those in which two sets of blades rotate in opposite directions. It is characterized by the blades DAF in two or more cönaxialen, annular channels are accommodated in such a manner _s That the propellant these channels by stroking one behind the other.

In order to simplify the installation of the turbine and its structure, the The blades of one impeller are attached to a removable support, so that one with its two rows of blades can easily be inserted into the other, and the Blades can be adjusted against each other.

A turbine of this type is shown in the accompanying drawings, namely:

Fig. Ι a central longitudinal section through an embodiment of the turbine,

Fig. 2 shows a cross section along line 2-2 of Fig. Ι, with a view in the direction of the drawn Arrow;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through a second embodiment of this turbine;

Fig. 4 shows the manner of construction the turbine illustrated by FIGS. 1 and 2.

As can be seen from Fig. R, an outer housing A is arranged to enclose the working parts and is equipped with inflows A ¹ A ^ and an outflow A ³ , the latter forming the continuation of a chamber A ⁴ - for the outlet of the propellant. The housing A is traversed by two concentric shafts BC sealed by stuffing boxes, the outer B of which has an end inside the housing A and is equipped with a two-part coupling "B ¹ ", while the inner shaft C, which is also a double coupling C ¹ transmits, through the housing a and is sealed by a stuffing box a ^e. the inner runner body D of the turbine is surrounded its storage in D ¹ and Z) ² at the inner shaft C and is of an outward impeller body e, the at e ¹ in the housing A. The impeller bodies D E rotate in opposite directions. Between the outer impeller body E and the housing A , as shown at A ⁷ A ^s , tight inserts or packings are provided, and likewise between D and E at D ⁿ . The inner impeller body D is equipped with couplings D ³ D ⁴ , which can be coupled to the couplings B ¹ and C ^{1 of} the shafts BC , as can the coupling members E ³ E * of the outer impeller body E. The impeller bodies D and E are arranged so that they form annular channels FG between their working surfaces. The blades D ⁵ D ^a and E ^& E ⁶ are arranged within these channels FG and are fastened to their supports during the construction of the turbine in the manner described below. If, for example, as shown in Fig. 4, the outer part of the inner impeller body is considered, the first set of the

fine Ε ^β , which are advantageously mounted between two concentric rings E ⁷ E ^s , with these rings pushed together along the surface of the inner impeller body D into the same position which these blades would assume with respect to the impeller body D even if both impeller bodies DE remain in their correct position. In this position, the row of blades E ^ is left for the time being. The next row of blades E ^e , which is mounted between the rings Z) ⁷ D ⁸ , is then pushed into the correct position along the impeller body D and firmly connected to D in this position by means of screws or the like. In this way, in individual rows of blades Z) ⁶ E ^{6 are} alternately brought into position on the impeller body D , the blades Z) ⁶ always firmly connected to D , while the blades E ^{6 are} initially only pushed on loosely. A conical sleeve E ⁹ , which if necessary can consist of several segments, is then pushed over the whole and the loose rows of blades E ^{e are} fastened to the same by suitable means. The inner part of the impeller body E is constructed in a similar manner, in that the blades Z) ⁵ , which belong to the impeller body D and are mounted between the concentric rings Z) ⁷ Z) ^{8, are} fastened to a sleeve Z) ⁹ . The impeller bodies D E can then be pushed into one another in the axial direction and the sleeves D ⁹ E ^{9 can be} attached to their respective impeller bodies DE. For better accessibility, the openings .A ^{9 are} provided, which can be tightly closed after the turbine has been set up. The sleeves E ⁹ D ⁹ thus only serve to connect the blades to the impeller bodies ED.

The working principle of this turbine is as follows:

For the forward gear, the propellant is introduced through the inflow A ² into the chamber H , from where it passes between the ribs E ¹⁰ to the annular chamber H ¹ . At the openings Z) ¹¹ arranged on a circle in the impeller body D , a valve Z) ^{10 is} provided, which opens after chamber H ¹ . The propellant must therefore flow through the annular space F and then through the channel G in a substantially parallel direction with the axis of the shafts BC under the action of the blades Z) ⁵ E ⁵ Z) ⁰ Zi ⁰ , whereby the impeller bodies Z) E to Rotation in the opposite direction can be caused, since the blades are curved accordingly. The propellant then escapes into the air through exhaust A ³ or is collected in a condenser.

For the purpose of reversing the waves BC , the propellant is allowed to flow in at A ^] , from where it enters the annular chamber K between the ribs Z) ¹³ and brings the valve D ¹⁰ into the position shown in broken lines in FIG Chamber H ¹ closes.

The pressure in the chamber K moves the impeller bodies Z) E in the longitudinal direction, as a result of which the couplings of the same with the shafts B and C are reversed. The propellant flows from the chamber K through the annular guides FG to the exhaust A ^s , the impeller bodies DE rotating in the same direction as before , but the direction of rotation of the shafts BC , as intended, being the opposite.

Another embodiment of this turbine is shown in Fig. 3 of the drawing, and Although the main differences with regard to the design described above are the following:

The propellant always enters the housing A through the same inflow A ² , whether the shafts BC have one or the other direction of rotation. The inflow A ¹⁰ leads into a chamber L of the housing, the boundary walls of which are formed by individual parts of the impeller bodies Z) E.

An annular chamber M is provided between the two annular channels FG , so that with this arrangement the propellant then exerts its effect when it passes through the channel F , remains ineffective, while it returns through the chamber M and acts once again propelling when it flows through channel G. The circumferential seal N prevents the propellant from passing directly from the end of the channel F to that of the channel G.

For the forward drive, the propellant is introduced through the inflow A ² and acts on the impeller bodies Z) E in such a way that they are displaced in their longitudinal direction until the inner impeller body D is connected to the shaft C and through the coupling C ¹ Z) ⁴ the outer impeller body E is coupled to the shaft B. The propellant then continues its way through the annular chambers HH ¹ , annular channel F, chamber M and channel G and escapes through the exhaust A ³ . In the channels FG it acts on the blades D ⁵ D ⁰ E ⁵ E ⁶ and moves the impeller bodies! Z) E in rotation in opposite directions.

To reverse the movement of these waves BC , live steam or the like is let into the chamber L , so that the pressure that occurs shifts the chamber L and the impeller bodies Z) E.

Claims (2)

Patent-to sayings:
Expansion turbine with two groups of blades rotating in opposite directions, characterized in that the blades are accommodated in two or more conaxial, annular channels in such a way that the propellant passes through these channels one behind the other. 2. Embodiment according to claim i, characterized in that the blades on two concentrically mounted impeller bodies (DE) are arranged in such a way that the blades (E ⁶ ) of one impeller are attached to a removable support (E ⁹ ) for the purpose of their To be able to regulate the position to the other limb exactly. For this purpose ι sheet of drawings. Berlin, printed in the Reichsdruckerel