DE1257701B - Drum magnetic separator - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. α .:

B 03 c

German KL: Ib-4/01

Number: 1257701

File number: E 33276 VI a / l b

Filing date: January 25, 1967

Open date: January 4, 1968

The invention relates to drum magnetic separators with a rotating, non-magnetizable drum for separating and separating magnetizable and non-magnetizable substances in wet and dry goods and represents an improvement of the German patent application E 28601 VIb / Ib (German Interpretation document 1246 634).

In this older German patent application, a magnetic drum separator with a rotating, Described non-magnetizable drum, in which on the arranged concentrically to the drum Axis made of soft magnetic material and arranged parallel to the drum axis Support plate is attached, which extend a number of practically over the entire drum width, up to the vicinity of the drum inner surface Reaching, radial permanent magnet arrangements of alternating magnetization direction and thereby is characterized in that each permanent magnet arrangement consists of a number of stacked one on top of the other plate-shaped, preferably cuboid single permanent magnets, which with their large surfaces are substantially parallel to the drum axis and perpendicular to the major surfaces and are magnetized in the same direction for each permanent magnet arrangement. This older one, from the inventor proposed Trornmelmagnetscheider design is characterized by the previously known Magnetic drum separators from the fact that the leakage flux is reduced to such an extent that it is practical the entire flux in the permanent magnet can be used as useful energy. Furthermore the already proposed drum magnetic separator construction is considerably less expensive than the known separators of this type. It has been shown, however, that for some purposes even higher concentrated magnetic fields are required than they are with that previously proposed by the inventor Have a magnetic drum separator achieved.

The invention is based on the object of overcoming these disadvantages and a magnetic drum separator to create in which the lines of force can be directed so that an even stronger one magnetic field than is previously created.

This object is achieved by means of the drum magnetic separator according to the invention with a rotating, non-magnetizable drum, the lower part of which acts as a diverting plate for the Good to be separated is used and on its concentrically arranged axis one of soft magnetic Material existing, arranged parallel to the drum axis carrier plate is attached, which has a number Drum magnetic separator

Applicant:

Eriez Manufacturing Company,
Erie, Pa. (V. St. A.)

Representative:

Dr. K. Th. Hegel, patent attorney,

2000 Hamburg 50, Große Bergstr. 223

Named as inventor:

ArIo F. Israelson,

Robert F. Merwin, Erie, Pa. (V. St. A.)

Claimed priority:

V. St. v. America 3 February 1966 (524 782)

from practically over the entire width of the drum, up to the vicinity of the inner drum

s5 area-reaching, radial permanent magnet arrangements of alternating magnetization direction, each permanent magnet arrangement is formed from a number of stacked plate-shaped, preferably cuboid, individual permanent magnets, the large surfaces of which are essentially parallel to the drum axis and perpendicular to the large surfaces and are magnetized in the same direction for each permanent magnet arrangement , and which is characterized in that repelling magnets are arranged between the permanent magnet arrangements and / or counter magnets are provided at a distance to the outside of the diverting plate so as to be rotatable relative thereto.
It is expedient if the counter magnets are firmly connected to a back piece which is arranged rotatably relative to the diverting plate and is made of magnetic material. The repulsive magnets present between the permanent magnet arrangements in the magnetic drum separator according to the invention collect the lines of force which run between the permanent magnet arrangements so that they form a more concentrated magnetic field through which the material to be separated flows.

In the drawing, for example, embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are illustrated. It shows

709 717/68

F i g. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a magnetic separator according to the invention, which shows the arrangement of repelling magnets can be seen between the poles of the permanent magnets,

2 shows a longitudinal section through another embodiment, from which additional counter magnets are added the repelling magnet at a distance from the discharge housing for the current of the to be disconnected Material can be recognized,

F i g. 3 is a view of the magnet body of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a view of four permanent magnet arrangements with three repelling magnets and four outer counter magnets, enlarged, in working position to each other,

Fig.5 is a view of a magnetic body in which the course of the magnetic field is shown as it is in the case of the FIG. 1 illustrated magnet assembly occurs,

Fig. 6 is a view of a magnetic body in which the course of the magnetic field is displayed, as it is in the case of FIG . 2 illustrated magnet arrangement occurs,

F i g. 7 is a view of the field line arrangement as it occurs when the adjustable counter magnets relative to the repulsive ones illustrated in FIG Magnets are moved.

In Fig. 1 illustrates a non-continuously operating drum separator for wet separation, whose cylindrical drum shell 11 made of non-magnetic, non-magnetizable metallic Material consists, and the rotatable on a fixed shaft 12 on (not shown) supports that of a frame (not shown) is attached. The cylindrical drum shell 11 is driven counterclockwise, for example by a bevel gear 15, which in turn is driven by an electric motor 18 via a bevel gear 17. The bevel drive is on one of the (not shown) end plates attached to the drum shell in a conventional manner.

The outer surface of the drum shell 11 serves as a transport device for the magnetizable components of the material to be separated. On the shaft 12 is concentric with the drum size of the separator so that an air gap 31 is present between the end surfaces of the permanent magnet assemblies and the inner surface of the housing. A slurry or a dry mixture of the material to be separated from magnetizable and non-magnetizable material is delivered by means of a device arranged outside the cylindrical drum shell 11, and the magnetizable material is due to the action of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 20 to the outer Surface of the cylindrical drum shell 11 tightened. The material to be separated, which is denoted by 35, is introduced into a chamber 36 which extends in the longitudinal direction within the cylindrical drum shell. Water is passed through a line 37 into the chamber 36 , so that a sludge forms, and this is introduced through an elongated opening 39 in the chamber 36 into a second chamber 40 which is formed between the drum shell 11 and a discharge plate 41 .

The delivery rate for the water fed in through the inlet pipe 37 is determined by means of controlled by suitable regulating devices, so that the water is kept at a certain level 43 and excess water drains through an overflow drain 48.

The material to be separated 35 moves between the outer surface of the drum shell 11 and of the plate 41 in close contact with the drum shell and in the same direction as the drum housing rotates, further, the magnetizable material located in the material to be separated is attracted to and held by the outer surface of the drum shell 11. By doing The amount by which the drum continues to rotate moves through the goods held on it alternately differently directed fields, so that the good is set in motion. Doing this will be mechanical captured non-magnetizable waste particles, designated 52, are released and fall through an opening 50 into a chamber 51 from which they are withdrawn through an outlet conduit 54. The magnetizable Well remains on the outer surface of the

20th

25th

jacket 11 and inside the drum a fixed 45 drum jacket tightened until it is in one position

Fixed permanent magnet, which is designated as a whole by 20 . This is held by support blocks 21 which are provided with a hub 22 to support the back plate 24, which preferably has high magnetic permeability. A plurality of permanent magnet assemblies 25 to 29 of alternating polarity are mounted on the back plate 24 at angular distances from one another. These permanent magnet arrangements extend in the axial direction in the cylindrical drum shell 11. Repelling magnets 600, 610, 620 and 630 are arranged between the permanent magnet arrangements 25 to 29. The repelling magnets have such a polarity that the poles of the repelling magnets are adjacent to the same poles of the magnets 25-29. The repelling magnets practically eliminate the stray forces as a result of their repulsive force, by means of which the scatter lines are directed back into the magnets 25 to 29. The outer end surfaces of the permanent magnet arrangements have a certain distance in the radial direction from the inner surface of the drum shell 11, which can be 3.175, 1.587 or 9.525 mm or more, depending on the distance behind the permanent magnet arrangement 29, which is outside the effective range of the permanent magnet 20 . There the magnetizable material falls from the outer surface of the drum shell 11; it can optionally be removed by means of a scraping device (not shown) and reaches a chute 55, from which it can be introduced as a magnetic concentrate into a container 56, for example.

In Fig. 2 shows a drum-shaped wet separator according to the invention, in which a cylindrical drum 60 is rotatably mounted on a fixed shaft 61 and is rotatably arranged in a clockwise direction at a suitable, previously set speed by an electric motor 62 via a chain drive 63. The chain drive 63 cooperates with a bevel gear 64 which is attached to an end plate (not shown) of the drum. The device has a permanent magnet 66 which is fixedly mounted on the shaft 61 and located concentrically with the drum 60 . The permanent magnet consists of many individual permanent magnets 71 to 75 of alternating polarity that are attached to

a magnetizable back plate 77 equipped with a hub 80 extending around the shaft 61 Carrier plates 78 are held attached. The permanent magnet 66 acts in a manner similar to that before with reference to FIG. 1 described magnet 20.

The material sludge to be separated is introduced into an elongated chamber 83 through an inlet pipe 82 and passed through a supply opening, for example a pipe 84, into a distribution chamber 85. In In the chamber 85, the sludge is kept at a level 86 by means of a discharge plate 87 and by controlled feeding speed, and Excess amounts of draining water get into another chamber 89 and are there discharged to an overflow outlet pipe 91.

In this design of the device, counter magnets are at a distance to the outside of the diverting plate 87 200, 201, 202 and 203 arranged, which the magnetic field that the sludge of the to be separated Material passes through, reinforce. The magnetizable material is from the permanent magnet assembly 72, which is closest to the entry opening into the distribution chamber 85, is most attracted and is set in motion as soon as it enters the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet arrangement 71 Field of opposite polarity comes. It is called magnetic through an outlet chute 93 Concentrate discharged into a suitable container 95. The material that goes into the distribution chamber 85 Once inside, it also flows through this chamber, specifically in the direction of the permanent magnet arrangement 73 to, in the area of which a further purification and attraction of magnetizable material takes place. The non-magnetizable waste material is thereby through an opening 97 in a Chamber 98 and discharged therefrom through an outlet line 99.

In Fig. 3 is the basic structure of a magnetic drum separator according to the invention illustrated usable stationary permanent magnet 100. On a curved magnetic carrier plate 102, which can consist of steel, for example, and that of support plates 104 at an axial distance from the axle 105 and has hubs 106 and 107 through which the shaft 105 passes four permanent magnet assemblies 110 to 113 of alternating polarity. The permanent magnet assemblies with the even numbers 110, 112 can be used as north poles and the permanent magnet arrangements with the odd numbers 111,113 can be regarded as south poles. Each of the permanent magnet assemblies 110 to 113 consists of a number of disk-shaped individual permanent magnets, which are connected to one another in the axial direction and are attached to the magnetic carrier plate and are made of ceramic permanent magnet material exist. For example, the permanent magnet assembly 111 consists of nine stacks, two of which with the reference numbers 121, 122 are designated. Each stack is made of individual permanent magnets 125, and each single permanent magnet is in the form of a plate, the thickness of which is smaller than that Length and width. These individual permanent magnets are preferably made of magnetic, ceramic Material with larger surfaces facing each other that determine their thickness and are arranged within each cuboid so that the larger surfaces are in contact with one another are. The cuboids are so systematically arranged to each other that the individual permanent magnets adjoin each other with their ends. The individual permanent magnets within the cuboids have the same Thickness, so that the cuboids of each permanent magnet arrangement have the same height. The single permanent magnets 125 within each cuboid are permanently magnetized in the same direction.

As in Fig. 3 are the successive cuboids in each permanent magnet array each in a row and so on the high permeability magnetic carrier plate Arranged from steel that planes, as shown for example at 130 and 131, form which are extend in the longitudinal direction of the plate on which the single permanent magnets located furthest inside 125 fit closely with their surfaces. These planes are angularly spaced over the curved ones Magnet carrier plate distributed and have a radial distance from the shaft. The levels don't need

ao to be the same width if the permanent magnet arrangements have different thicknesses. In the in the F i g. In the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the permanent magnet assemblies are of equal width. The outer individual permanent magnets therefore run concentrically and at the same radial distance from the inner surface of the cylindrical drum housing. Repulsive magnets 150, 151 and 152 are between arranged the single permanent magnet. The repelling magnets become lateral as shown polarized.

In the case of the in FIG. 4 are the permanent magnet arrangements 210, 211, 212 and 213 fixedly arranged on the back piece 204. The back piece is made of magnetic material and can be used in the same way as the other embodiments of the subject invention be attached. A rotating drum, 232 can, as explained with reference to the previously described embodiments, be driven.

A stationary deflecting plate 215 is arranged essentially concentrically with the rotating drum 232 and at a distance designated by B to the outside of the rotating drum. The distance is determined by the characteristics of the magnetic field in the space between the drum 232 and the deflection plate 215.

Counter magnets 206, 207, 208 and 209 are fixedly arranged on a back piece 300 made of magnetic material. The counter magnets and the back piece are held at a distance from the tightly fitting discharge housing 215. The counter magnets and the back piece 300 are rotatable and can also be moved towards and away from the main magnets by means of an adjusting device 220. In this way, it is possible to increase or decrease the gradient and the strength of the magnetic field in the space between the drum 232 and the discharge case 215. The stationary diverter housing 215 is fixedly fixed at a distance B from the rotating drum, and the surfaces of the counter magnets can be adjusted to have a spacing, 4, of a suitable size to give the appropriate counteraction to the field formed by the main magnets. In the case of the in FIG. 4, the distance B must be less than A, so that the ferromagnetic particles from the main poles and not from

Claims (2)

Patent claims: 1. Magnetic drum separator with a rotating, non-magnetizable drum, whose 10 are attracted to the counter magnet. In the case of the in FIG. 4, the counter magnets are also rotatable, so that the shape of the field of the main magnets can be adjusted in a suitable manner so that the particles are attracted and moved in the direction of the main magnets, either on the dashed "C" or "D" dashed line Path or any intermediate path depending on the properties of the material being separated. If the particles to be attracted are weakly magnetic, path C is preferred over path D because the direction of attraction is such that more time is available to overcome the inert behavior of the moving particles. On the path D , the particles have to change the direction of their charge much more suddenly, so that there is a greater risk that some weakly magnetic particles can migrate past the magnets. The external repelling magnets cause a considerable increase in the density of lines of force on the surface of the drum compared to the density of lines of force in the adjacent areas. The very sudden change within short distances is called high gradient, and this is an important factor for the attraction of magnetic particles. The setting of the repelling magnets is shorter or farther away from the main magnets of importance as so that the field strength is adapted to the changes in the properties of the ore precipitate can be adjusted. With some ores, if the magnets are too strong, they can be undesirable Shares are removed. 35 The lower part of the housing serves as a diverting plate for the material to be separated and on its concentrically arranged shaft a carrier plate made of soft magnetic material, arranged parallel to the drum shaft, is attached, which has a number of practically over the entire drum width extending up to the vicinity of the inner drum surface , carries radial permanent magnet arrangements of alternating magnetization direction, each permanent magnet arrangement is formed from a number of stacked plate-shaped, preferably cuboid, individual permanent magnets, the large surfaces of which are essentially parallel to the drum shaft and perpendicular to the large surfaces and each permanent magnet arrangement is magnetized in the same direction, characterized that between the permanent magnet arrangements (25 to 29 or 71 to 75 or 210 to 213) repulsive magnets (150, 151, 152 or 600, 610, 620, 630) arranged and / or at a distance to the outside There are counter magnets (200, 201, 202, 203 or 206, 207, 208, 209) rotatably arranged from the diverting plate (41 or 87 or 215) to this. 2. Magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the counter magnets (200,201, 202, 203 or 206, 207, 208, 209 ) rotatably arranged with a back piece to the diverting plate (41 or 87 or 215) and made of magnetic material (300) are firmly connected. Considered publications:
U.S. Patent Nos. 2,992,733, 3,016,145. 1 sheet of drawings 709 717/68 12.67 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin