DE1234348B - lubricant - Google Patents

lubricant

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Publication number
DE1234348B
DE1234348B DED24174A DED0024174A DE1234348B DE 1234348 B DE1234348 B DE 1234348B DE D24174 A DED24174 A DE D24174A DE D0024174 A DED0024174 A DE D0024174A DE 1234348 B DE1234348 B DE 1234348B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
monotelluride
carbon atoms
percent
weight
oxidation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DED24174A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Douglas H Moreton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Douglas Aircraft Co Inc
Original Assignee
Douglas Aircraft Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL104457D priority Critical patent/NL104457C/xx
Application filed by Douglas Aircraft Co Inc filed Critical Douglas Aircraft Co Inc
Priority to DED24174A priority patent/DE1234348B/en
Publication of DE1234348B publication Critical patent/DE1234348B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M3/00Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064Di- and triaryl amines
    • C10M2215/065Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/02Esters of silicic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/08Resistance to extreme temperature
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/12Gas-turbines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/12Gas-turbines
    • C10N2040/13Aircraft turbines

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

Schmiermittel Als Hochtemperaturschmiermittel für Düsenturbinen werden bekanntlich Schmieröle verwendet, deren Viskosität auch bei hohen Temperaturen eine einwandfreie Schmierung gewährleistet. Zudem müssen sie auch über längere Zeiträume hinweg eine gute Stabilität besitzen.Lubricants It is known that lubricating oils are used as high-temperature lubricants for jet turbines, the viscosity of which guarantees perfect lubrication even at high temperatures. In addition, they must have good stability over long periods of time.

Diese Anforderungen werden nun von den bekannten Tetraalkylorthosilikaten erfüllt (vgl. französische Patentschrift 914594). Aber auch bei diesen Verbindungen tritt bei Temperaturen oberhalb 2300C noch eine gewisse Zersetzung auf. Die entstehenden Zersetzungsprodukte erscheinen in der der flüssigen Phase benachbarten Dampfphase und stellen hier wegen ihrer Oxydierbarkeit eine Gefahr dar. Mit Hilfe üblicher Oxydationsinhibitoren, wie sie Schmiermitteln gewöhnlich zugesetzt werden, läßt sich diese Oxydation bzw. Verbrennung der thermischen Zersetzungsprodukte in der Dampfphase nicht verhindern.These requirements are now met by the known tetraalkyl orthosilicates fulfilled (see French patent 914594). But also with these connections A certain amount of decomposition still occurs at temperatures above 2300C. The emerging Decomposition products appear in the vapor phase adjacent to the liquid phase and represent a danger here because of their oxidizability. With the help of the usual Oxidation inhibitors, as they are usually added to lubricants, can This oxidation or combustion of the thermal decomposition products in the Do not prevent the vapor phase.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß die Oxydation der thermischen Zersetzungsprodukte der Tetraalkylorthosilikate in der Dampfphase bei Temperaturen oberhalb von 230°C in äußerst wirksamer Weise verhindert werden kann, wenn sie eine Verbindung der Formel R-(X)n-R', worin n gleich 1 oder 2, R und R' gleiche oder ungleiche, gesättigte oder ungesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffreste sind, von denen mindestens einer nicht weniger als 8 Kohlenstoffatome enthält, und X Selen oder Tellur ist, enthalten.It has now been found that the oxidation of the thermal decomposition products of the tetraalkyl orthosilicates in the vapor phase at temperatures above 230 ° C can be prevented in an extremely effective manner if they connect the Formula R- (X) n-R ', in which n is 1 or 2, R and R' are identical or different, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals, at least one of which are not contains less than 8 carbon atoms and X is selenium or tellurium.

Mit diesen Zusätzen bleibt die Einsatzfähigkeit der Schmieröle sogar noch bei Temperaturen bis zu etwa 343°C erhalten. Keines der nach dem Stand der Technik bekannten Schmieröle kann noch bei derartig hohen Temperaturen verwendet werden.With these additives, the lubricating oils remain usable still obtained at temperatures up to about 343 ° C. None of the state of the art Technically known lubricating oils can still be used at such high temperatures will.

Der Zusatz von Alkylseleniden bzw. -telluriden zu synthetischen Schmierölen ist zwar beeits an sich aus den britischen Patentschriften 649 976 und 700 804 sowie der USA: Patentschrift 2 597 838 bekannt, nicht aber die Kombination mit Flüssigkeiten vom Silikat-Typ. Ferner ließ sich auf Grund der Tatsache, daß die Alkylselenide bzw. -telluride nach diesen Patentschriften als normale Oxydationsinhibitoren in der flüssigen Phase verwendet werden, nicht die überraschende Wirkung bei den Tetraalkylorthosilikaten in der Dampfphase voraussehen.The addition of alkyl selenides or tellurides to synthetic lubricating oils is indeed beeits per se from British patents 649 976 and 700 804 as well of the USA: Patent specification 2,597,838 known, but not the combination with liquids of the silicate type. Furthermore, based on the fact that the alkyl selenides or tellurides according to these patents as normal oxidation inhibitors in the liquid phase are used, not the surprising effect with the tetraalkylorthosilicates foresee in the vapor phase.

Unter den Tetraalkylorthosilikaten werden die Tetraoctylorthosilikate bevorzugt, besonders Tetra-(2-äthylhexyl)-orthosilikat und die übrigen Tetra-(isooctyl)-orthosilikate. Es kommen besonders solche Verbindungen in Frage, die sich von Alkoholgemischen ableiten, die überwiegend aus C$-Alkoholen bestehen und nebenbei C7- und C9-Alkohole enthalten und nach dem Oxo-Verfahren aus Olefinfraktionen hergestellt worden sind, die vorwiegend aus C7-Olefinen bestehen und nebenbei Cs- und Cs-Olefine aufweisen. Zur Herstellung der Tetraalkylorthosilikate kann z. B. ein Isooctylalkohol verwendet werden, der etwa 55 bis 60 °/0 6-Methylheptylgruppen, etwa 5 bis 10 °/o Cr Alkylgruppen und als Rest zumeist andere Ca-Isomere und eine geringe Menge C7-Isomerer enthält.Tetraoctylorthosilicates are among the tetraalkylorthosilicates preferred, especially tetra (2-ethylhexyl) orthosilicate and the other tetra (isooctyl) orthosilicates. Compounds that differ from alcohol mixtures are particularly suitable derive, which mainly consist of C $ alcohols and incidentally C7 and C9 alcohols contain and have been produced from olefin fractions by the oxo process, which mainly consist of C7 olefins and also contain Cs- and Cs-olefins. For the preparation of the tetraalkyl orthosilicates, for. B. an isooctyl alcohol is used be of about 55 to 60 ° / 0 6-methylheptyl groups, about 5 to 10 ° / o Cr alkyl groups and the remainder mostly contains other Ca isomers and a small amount of C7 isomers.

Die Alkylselenide können -als Gruppen R und R' gesättigte oder ungesättigte, geradkettige oder verzweigtkettige Alkylgruppen --oder cycloaliphatische Gruppen sein. Sie können auch aromatische Reste, z. B. Phenyl-, Hydroxyphenyl- oder Aminophenylreste, enthalten, vorausgesetzt, daß diese Gruppen mindestens 1 Kohlenstoffatom von der Gruppe (X)n entfernt sind. Spezielle Beispiele für die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Selen- und Tellurverbindungen sind Decylmethylmonoselenid, Cetyläthyhnonoselenid, Cetyldecylmonoselenid, Dieicosylmonoselenid, Dioctyldiselenid, Didecyldiselenid, Diheptadecyldiselenid, Dieicosyldiselenid; Decylmethylmonotellurid, Cetyläthylmonotellurid, Octyldecylmonotellurid, Didecylmonotellurid, Diundecylmonotellurid, Dilaurylmonotellurid, Ditetradecylmonotellurid, Dicetylmonotellurid, Diheptadecylmonotellurid, Dieicosylmonotellurid, Dioctylditellurid, Didecylditellurid, Dilaurylditellurid und Dicetylditellurid. Unter den erwähnten Verbindungen werden diejenigen bevorzugt, die Kupfer nur wenig angreifen, was z. B. beim Dilaurylselenid der Fall ist.The alkyl selenides can -as groups R and R 'saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl groups - or cycloaliphatic groups be. You can also use aromatic residues, e.g. B. phenyl, hydroxyphenyl or aminophenyl radicals, contain, provided that these groups contain at least 1 carbon atom from the Group (X) n are removed. Specific examples of those used in the present invention Selenium and tellurium compounds are decylmethylmonoselenide, cetylethyhnonoselenide, Cetyldecyl monoselenide, dieicosyl monoselenide, dioctyl diselenide, didecyl diselenide, Diheptadecyl diselenide, dieicosyl diselenide; Decylmethyl monotelluride, cetylethyl monotelluride, Octyldecyl monotelluride, didecyl monotelluride, diundecyl monotelluride, dilauryl monotelluride, Ditetradecyl monotelluride, dicetyl monotelluride, diheptadecyl monotelluride, dieicosyl monotelluride, Dioctylditelluride, didecylditelluride, dilaurylditelluride and dicetylditelluride. Among the compounds mentioned, preference is given to those which contain only a small amount of copper attack what z. B. is the case with dilauryl selenide.

Gewöhnlich beträgt der Mengenanteil der Alkylselenide bzw. -telluride etwa 0,01 bis 2 Gewichtsprozent der gesamten Masse. Den Schmierölen können zur Verhinderung der Oxydation in der flüssigen Phase außerdem noch weitere bekannte Oxydationsinhibitoren in einer Menge von 0,05 bis 1,0 Gewichtsprozent, bevorzugt solche vom Arylamin- und vom Phenol-Typ, zugesetzt werden. Ferner können den Schmierölen auch bekannte viskositätserhöhende Mittel, z. B. Polyalkylmethacrylate, deren Ester-Alkylgruppen 4 bis 12, vorzugsweise etwa 8 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatome aufweisen und die ein durchschnittliches Molekulargewicht von 6000 bis 12000 haben, zugesetzt werden. Beispiel 1 Gemisch aus 0,2 Gewichtsprozent Phenyl-ce-naphthylamin, 0,5 Gewichtsprozent Dilaurylselenid und als Basis Tetra-(isooctyl)-orthosilikat: Man erhält ein Schmieröl für hohe Temperaturen, das sowohl gegenüber der Oxydation in der flüssigen Phase bei mäßigen Temperaturen bis zu etwa 205 bis 230°C als auch gegenüber der Oxydation in der Dampfphase bei höheren Temperaturen oberhalb etwa 230°C und bis zu etwa 344°C beständig ist. Beispiel 2 Gemisch aus 0,05 Gewichtsprozent Dilaurylselenid und als Basis Tetra-(2-äthylhexyl)-orthosilikat. Beispiel 3 Gemisch aus 95 Volumprozent Tetra-(2-äthylhexyl)-orthosilikat und 5 Volumprozent eines Poly-n-octylmethacrylats mit einem durchschnittlichen Molekulargewicht von etwa 8500 und einem Molekulargewichtsbereich von etwa 2000 bis 14000 und 0,5 Gewichtsprozent Dilaurylselenid.The proportion of alkyl selenides or tellurides is usually the same about 0.01 to 2 percent by weight of the total mass. The lubricating oils can also use other to prevent oxidation in the liquid phase known antioxidants in an amount of 0.05 to 1.0 percent by weight, preferably those of the arylamine and phenol types are added. Furthermore can viscosity-increasing agents known to the lubricating oils, e.g. B. polyalkyl methacrylates, their ester-alkyl groups have 4 to 12, preferably about 8 to 10 carbon atoms and which have an average molecular weight of 6,000 to 12,000 will. Example 1 Mixture of 0.2 percent by weight phenyl-ce-naphthylamine, 0.5 percent by weight Dilauryl selenide and, as a base, tetra (isooctyl) orthosilicate: A lubricating oil is obtained for high temperatures, as opposed to oxidation in the liquid phase at moderate temperatures up to about 205 to 230 ° C as well as against oxidation in the vapor phase at higher temperatures above about 230 ° C and up to about 344 ° C is constant. Example 2 Mixture of 0.05 percent by weight of dilauryl selenide and as Based on tetra (2-ethylhexyl) orthosilicate. Example 3 Mixture of 95 percent by volume Tetra (2-ethylhexyl) orthosilicate and 5 percent by volume of a poly-n-octyl methacrylate having an average molecular weight of about 8,500 and a molecular weight range from about 2000 to 14000 and 0.5 weight percent dilauryl selenide.

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch Schmiermittel auf der Basis von Tetraalkylorthosilikaten, bei denen jede Alkylgruppe 4 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatome und die 4 Alkylgruppen zusammen 18 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatome aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine Verbindung der Formel R - (X)n. - R@, worin n = 1 oder 2, R und R' gleiche oder ungleiche, gesättigte und ungesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffreste sind, von denen - mindestens einer nicht weniger als 8 Kohlenstoffatome enthält, und X Selen oder Tellur ist, enthält. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Britische Patentschriften Nr. 649 976, 700 804; USA: Patentschrift Nr. 2 597 838.Claim lubricant based on tetraalkyl orthosilicates, in which each alkyl group has 4 to 10 carbon atoms and the 4 alkyl groups together Have 18 to 40 carbon atoms, characterized in that it is a compound of the formula R - (X) n. - R @, where n = 1 or 2, R and R 'are identical or different, are saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals, of which - at least one contains not less than 8 carbon atoms, and X is selenium or tellurium, contains. References considered: British Patent Specification No. 649 976, 700 804; USA: Patent No. 2,597,838.
DED24174A 1954-02-09 1954-02-09 lubricant Pending DE1234348B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL104457D NL104457C (en) 1954-02-09
DED24174A DE1234348B (en) 1954-02-09 1954-02-09 lubricant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED24174A DE1234348B (en) 1954-02-09 1954-02-09 lubricant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1234348B true DE1234348B (en) 1967-02-16

Family

ID=7038083

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DED24174A Pending DE1234348B (en) 1954-02-09 1954-02-09 lubricant

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Country Link
DE (1) DE1234348B (en)
NL (1) NL104457C (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB649976A (en) * 1946-10-28 1951-02-07 California Research Corp Polyvalent metal alkoxy phenates and lubricating oils containing them
US2597838A (en) * 1949-07-09 1952-05-20 California Research Corp Lubricant containing selenium compounds
GB700804A (en) * 1949-06-18 1953-12-09 California Research Corp Lubricating oil compositions

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB649976A (en) * 1946-10-28 1951-02-07 California Research Corp Polyvalent metal alkoxy phenates and lubricating oils containing them
GB700804A (en) * 1949-06-18 1953-12-09 California Research Corp Lubricating oil compositions
US2597838A (en) * 1949-07-09 1952-05-20 California Research Corp Lubricant containing selenium compounds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL104457C (en)

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