DE1220058B - Method and device for the heat treatment of powdery substances, in particular for melting the cores of high-melting substances, by means of a high-temperature plasma - Google Patents
Method and device for the heat treatment of powdery substances, in particular for melting the cores of high-melting substances, by means of a high-temperature plasmaInfo
- Publication number
- DE1220058B DE1220058B DEG44007A DEG0044007A DE1220058B DE 1220058 B DE1220058 B DE 1220058B DE G44007 A DEG44007 A DE G44007A DE G0044007 A DEG0044007 A DE G0044007A DE 1220058 B DE1220058 B DE 1220058B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- carrier gas
- substance
- powdery
- plasma
- cathode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J6/00—Heat treatments such as Calcining; Fusing ; Pyrolysis
- B01J6/005—Fusing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
- B05B7/1606—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air
- B05B7/1613—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air comprising means for heating the atomising fluid before mixing with the material to be sprayed
- B05B7/1646—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air comprising means for heating the atomising fluid before mixing with the material to be sprayed the material to be sprayed and the atomising fluid being heated by the same source of heat, without transfer of heat between atomising fluid and material to be sprayed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
- B05B7/166—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the material to be sprayed being heated in a container
- B05B7/1666—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the material to be sprayed being heated in a container fixed to the discharge device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
- B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
- B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
- B05B7/226—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material being originally a particulate material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Description
DEUTSCHESGERMAN
PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE
AUSLEGESCHRIFTEDITORIAL
Int. α.:Int. α .:
H05hH05h
Deutsche Kl.: 21h-16/60 German class: 21h-16/60
Nummer: 1220 058Number: 1220 058
Aktenzeichen: G 44007 VIII d/21 hFile number: G 44007 VIII d / 21 h
Anmeldetag: 28. Juni 1965Filing date: June 28, 1965
Auslegetag: 30. Juni 1966Opening day: June 30, 1966
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung pulverförmiger Stoffe mittels eines Hochtemperaturplasmas, insbesondere zum Schmelzen der Körner pulverförmiger hochschmelzender Stoffe zum Zwecke der Umwandlung der eckigen Kornform in eine kugelförmige Kornform.The invention relates to a method and a device for the heat treatment of powdery Substances by means of a high-temperature plasma, in particular for melting the grains in powder form high-melting substances for the purpose of converting the angular grain shape into a spherical one Grain shape.
Bei der Herstellung von keramischen Kernreaktorbrennelementen ist man bestrebt, eine möglichst hohe Dichte des Brennstoffes zu erhalten. Nun hat es sich gezeigt, daß dieses dann erreicht werden kann, wenn der körnige Kernbrennstoff aus kugelförmigen Körnern besteht. Hierzu werden die kantigen Körner eines Pulvers durch ein Hochtemperaturplasma hindurchgeführt, so daß das Kornmaterial schmilzt und der Stoff aus dem Plasma in Kugelform austritt. Am geeignetsten hierfür haben sich sogenannte Gleichstromplasmabrenner erwiesen, bei denen zwischen einer stabförmigen Kathode und einer diese konzentrisch umgebenden Anode eine Gleichstrombogenentladung erzeugt wird. Durch diesen konzentrischen Entladungskanal wird das Gas, welches das Plasma bilden soll, hindurchgeleitet und das Pulver in das gebildete Plasma mit einem Trägergas eingeführt.In the manufacture of ceramic nuclear reactor fuel elements, efforts are made to achieve a to maintain high density of fuel. Now it has been shown that this can then be achieved can when the granular nuclear fuel consists of spherical grains. The angular Grains of a powder passed through a high-temperature plasma, so that the grain material melts and the substance emerges from the plasma in a spherical shape. So-called DC plasma torches have been shown to have between a rod-shaped cathode and a direct current arc discharge is generated in a concentrically surrounding anode. Through this concentric discharge channel, the gas, which is to form the plasma, is passed through and the powder is introduced into the formed plasma with a carrier gas.
Es hat sich nun gezeigt, daß bei diesen bekannten Einrichtungen der Anteil der Energie des Plasmas, die auf das Pulver übertragen wird, relativ gering ist und daß daher eine größere Verweilzeit in dem Plasma bis zum Schmelzen notwendig ist. Das würde aber verhältnismäßig umfangreiche Aufbauten erfordern, um einen großen Plasmastrahl zu erzeugen, der diese Verweilzeit gewährleistet.It has now been shown that in these known devices the proportion of the energy of the plasma, which is transferred to the powder, is relatively small and that therefore a greater residence time in the Plasma until it melts is necessary. But that would require relatively extensive structures, to generate a large plasma jet that ensures this dwell time.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, bei welcher die Verweilzeit pulverförmiger Stoffe in einem Hochtemperaturplasma zum Zwecke des Schmelzens möglichst groß ist, und wobei die Plasmaapparatur verhältnismäßig klein gehalten werden kann, so daß sich eine entsprechend günstige Wärmeausnutzung und ein optimaler technischer Wirkungsgrad ergeben.The object of the invention is to create a method and a device in which the dwell time powdery substances in a high temperature plasma for the purpose of melting if possible is large, and the plasma apparatus can be kept relatively small, so that a correspondingly favorable heat utilization and an optimal technical efficiency result.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß diese Aufgabe mit dem Verfahren nach der Erfindung zur Wärmebehandlung pulverförmiger Stoffe, insbesondere zum Schmelzen der Körner hochschmelzender Stoffe mittels eines Hochtemperaturplasmas, wobei der pulverförmige Stoff in einem Trägergas fein verteilt und durch dieses in den Bereich des Plasmas transportiert wird, erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst werden kann, daß der pulverförmige Stoff getrennt vom Trägergas und/oder gemeinsam mit diesem vor Eintritt in den Bereich des Plasmas auf erhöhte Tem-It has now been found that this object with the method according to the invention for heat treatment powdery substances, in particular for melting the grains of high-melting substances by means of a high-temperature plasma, wherein the powdery substance is finely distributed in a carrier gas and is transported by this into the area of the plasma, can be solved according to the invention can that the powdery substance is separated from the carrier gas and / or together with this before entry in the area of the plasma for increased tem-
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur
Wärmebehandlung pulverförmiger Stoffe,
insbesondere zum Schmelzen der Körner
hochschmelzender Stoffe, mittels eines
HochtemperaturplasmasMethod and device for
Heat treatment of powdery substances,
especially for melting the grains
high-melting substances, by means of a
High temperature plasma
Anmelder:Applicant:
Gesellschaft für Kernforschung m. b. H.,Society for Nuclear Research m. B. H.,
Karlsruhe, Weberstr. 5Karlsruhe, Weberstr. 5
Als Erfinder benannt:Named as inventor:
Dipl.-Ing. Peter Weimar, Karlsruhe;Dipl.-Ing. Peter Weimar, Karlsruhe;
Harry Liepelt, StaffortHarry Liepelt, Staffort
peraturen, vorzugsweise über 1000° C, vorerhitzt wird. Zwar ist es bei Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Lichtbogenplasmas, bei denen der Plasmaflamme von außen zusätzliches Gas zugeführt wird, schon seit Jahrzehnten bekannt, dieses Gas vorzuwärmen, um eine von außen erfolgende starke Abkühlung des Plasmas zu vermeiden. Die mit der Erfindung gegebene Lehre, mit der die Verweilzeit von mit der Plasmaflamme zu behandelnden körnigen Stoffen herabgesetzt werden soll, ist jedoch damit nicht bekannt oder nahegelegt, wie die bisherige technische Entwicklung gezeigt hat.temperatures, preferably above 1000 ° C, is preheated. Although it is in the case of a method for generating a Arc plasma, in which the plasma flame is supplied with additional gas from the outside, is It has been known for decades to preheat this gas in order to achieve a strong external cooling of the Avoid plasmas. The teaching given with the invention, with which the residence time of with the Plasma flame to be treated granular substances should be reduced, is not known with it or suggested, as previous technical developments have shown.
Insbesondere ist es bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorteilhaft, das Trägergas vor dem Mischen mit dem pulverförmigen Stoff vorzuwärmen. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß es zweckmäßig ist, wenn der pulverförmige Stoff und das Trägergas voneinander getrennt vorgewärmt und anschließend miteinander vermischt werden. Auf diese Weise wird nämlich gleichzeitig eine Trocknung des pulverförmigen Stoffes erreicht und erst der getrocknete und von adsorbierten Gasen befreite Stoff in das Trägergas eingeführt. Hierzu ist es zweckmäßig, wenn der pulverförmige Stoff und das Trägergas in einer gemeinsamen Erhitzungseinrichtung vorgewärmt werden. Weiterhin hat es sich gezeigt, daß es sehr vorteilhaft ist, wenn das Plasma aus dem den pulverförmigen Stoff beigemischt enthaltenden Trägergas mittels einer Lichtbogenentladung, Hochfrequenzentladung od. dgl. erzeugt wird.In particular, it is advantageous in the method according to the invention, the carrier gas before Mix with the powdered fabric to preheat. It has been shown that it is useful if the powdery substance and the carrier gas are preheated separately from one another and then together be mixed. In this way, namely, a drying of the powdery Reached the substance and only the dried substance freed from adsorbed gases into the carrier gas introduced. For this purpose, it is useful if the powdery substance and the carrier gas are used together Heating device are preheated. Furthermore, it has been shown to be very beneficial is when the plasma from the carrier gas mixed with the powdery substance by means of an arc discharge, high frequency discharge or the like. Is generated.
Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit einer Einrichtung zumAn apparatus for performing the method according to the invention with a device for
609 587/353609 587/353
Erzeugen eines Hochtemperaturplasmas (Plasmabrenner) umfaßt erfindungsgemäß eine Vorwärmeinrichtung zur Vorwärmung des pulverförmigen Stoffes, die dem Plasmabrenner vorgeschaltet ist, und weiterhin eine dem Plasmabrenner vorgeschaltete Vorwärmeinrichtung für das Trägergas. Zweckmäßig sind hierbei die Vorwärmeinrichtung für den pulverförmigen Stoff und diejenige für das Trägergas zu einer gemeinsamen Vorwärmeinrichtung zusammengefaßt. Am Ausgang der Vorwärmeinrichtung ist erfindungsgemäß eine Mischdüse zum Einleiten des pulverförmigen Stoffes in das Trägergas vorgesehen, wobei zur Steuerung des Durchtritts des pulverförmigen Stoffes durch die Öffnung der Mischdüse eine den Öffnungswiderstand periodisch verändernde Vibriereinrichtung vorgesehen sein kann. Die Dosierungsmenge des pulverförmigen Stoffes läßt sich mit einer Vibriereinrichtung mit veränderbarer Vibrationsfrequenz und Amplitude in sehr einfacher Weise regeln. aoAccording to the invention, generating a high-temperature plasma (plasma torch) comprises a preheating device for preheating the powdery substance, which is connected upstream of the plasma torch, and furthermore a preheating device for the carrier gas connected upstream of the plasma torch. Appropriate are the preheating device for the powder Substance and that for the carrier gas combined to form a common preheating device. According to the invention, a mixing nozzle for introducing the is at the exit of the preheating device powdery substance provided in the carrier gas, wherein to control the passage of the powdery Substance through the opening of the mixing nozzle a periodically changing the opening resistance Vibration device can be provided. The dosage amount of the powdery substance can be changed with a vibrating device with variable vibration frequency and amplitude in a very simple manner rules. ao
Wird ein, Lichtbogenplasmabrenner, bestehend aus einer stiftförmigen Kathode und einer hphlzylinderförmigen Anode, verwendet, so ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Kathode erfindungsgemäß gleichzeitig mindestens teilweise als Zuführungsleitung für das den pulverförmigen Stoff mitführende Trägergas ausgebildet ist. Damit nun das Gas nicht wieder abkühlt, wenn es aus der Vorwärmeinriehtung austritt und in die als Zuführungsleitung ausgebildete Kathode eintritt, ist die Kathode als durch den zum Lichtbogen fließenden Strom zu erhitzendes Widerstandsheizelement ausgebildet. Die Halterung der Kathode kann flüssigkeitsgekühlt ausgeführt sein. Außerdem ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Kathode in dem Bereich, in dem sie vom den pulverförmigen Stoff mit sich führenden Trägergas umgeben ist, insbesondere im B.ejeeich der Aqode* voja einem den Sträpaungskanal für das Trägejga.s bildenden wärmeisolierenden Mantel, z, B. aus hochfeuerfes.ter Keramik, umgeben ist.It is an arc plasma torch, consisting of a pin-shaped cathode and a cylindrical-shaped cathode Anode, is used, it is particularly advantageous if the cathode according to the invention at the same time at least partially as a supply line for the carrier gas carrying the powdery substance is trained. So that the gas does not cool down again when it emerges from the preheating unit and enters the cathode designed as a supply line, the cathode is as through the for Arc flowing current formed to be heated resistance heating element. The bracket of the The cathode can be liquid-cooled. It is also useful if the cathode is in the area in which it is surrounded by the carrier gas carrying the powdery substance, in particular in B.ejeeich der Aqode * voja one den Sträpaungskanal for the Trägejga.s forming heat-insulating Coat, e.g. made of highly refractory ceramic, is surrounded.
Eine spezielle Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung ist W der Abbildung dargestellt:A special embodiment of the invention Setup is shown in the figure:
Der pulyerförmige Stoff-1 befindet sich in einem rohrförmigen Behälter-2 und ist von einer spiralförmig ausgeführten Rohrleitung 3 umgeben,, durch welche das Trägergas, fließt. Sowohl der roirrförmige Behälter? als auch die ihn umgebende Leitung3., sind in einem Ofen 4, der als Vorwärmemrichtung dient, untergebracht. Am Ende, des rohrförmigen Behälters, 2. befindet sich eine Düse 5 (Mise.fodüse)., durch welche der puiverföjmige Stoff \ in dem Trägergas verteilt wird und, von der aus beide über eine gerneinsame Leitung 6 zur Kathode 7 strömen. Die Mischdüse. 5 besteht aus einer trichterförmigen DüsenöjSnung, in der sieh eine Düsennadel & be^ flndetj die. durch eine Vibrationseinrichtung ft in ihrer Längsrichtung in, Vibration versetzt wird;. Dje Katho.d.e 7 ist in" ihrem. Unterteil als. Zuführungsleitung fütr das, de.n, pplyerfonnigen Stoff en^ajtende'TrägerT gas ausgebildet und Wer' das, Kpritaktstyck 10 mit dem negativen Pol einer QleichstromqueUe verbunden. Der obere. Teil 11 der Kathode ist als Stift ausgeführt und wird vondemTrägergäS; mit dem pulverföxmigen Stoff umströmt. Dieser Katnpd,enstift 11 bildet ZMarnmen mit der konzentrischen Anode 12 einen Strömungskanal für das Trägergas. Damit das Trägergai un.d, die. darin enthaltenen pulverförmigen Stoffe nicht ihre Wanne, an die Wände der wasser?The powdery substance-1 is located in a tubular container-2 and is surrounded by a spiral-shaped pipeline 3 through which the carrier gas flows. Both the tubular container? as well as the line 3 surrounding it, are housed in an oven 4, which serves as a preheating device. At the end, the tubular container 2 is a nozzle 5 (Mise.fodüse). Through which the fabric puiverföjmige \ is dispersed in the carrier gas and to flow from which both a lone like line 6 to the cathode 7. The mixing nozzle. 5 consists of a funnel-shaped nozzle opening in which a nozzle needle is located. is caused to vibrate in its longitudinal direction by a vibration device ft ;. The Katho.de 7 is designed in "its. Lower part as. Supply line for the, de The cathode is designed as a pin and the carrier gas flows around it with the powdery substance. This cathode pin 11 forms with the concentric anode 12 a flow channel for the carrier gas. So that the carrier gas and the powdery substances contained therein do not have their tub on the walls of the water?
gekühlten Anode 12 oder die sonstige umgebende Wandung abgeben, ist ein aus keramischem Material bestehender wärmeisolierender Zylinder 13 vorgesehen. Sowohl die Anode 12 als auch die Kathodenh.a];iefung }4 sin# flüssigkeitsgek-yhlt. D^ie Anode 12 ist über- das, l^ontaktstück. IS mit dem positiven Pol der Gleichstromquelle verbunden. Durch den von der Qleichstromquelle aufrechterhaltenen, an der Stelle 1$ zwischen Kathode 7 und Anode 12 entstehenden Hochstrombogen wird das Plasma mittels des Trägergases und der in ihm enthaltenen pulverförmigen Stoffe gebildet. Die Kathode 7 ist in ihrem elektrischen Widerstand so bemessen, daß sie durch den hindurchffieß.enden Strojm gleichzeitig als Widerstandsheizelement zum Vorwärmen des Trägergases dient.give off cooled anode 12 or the other surrounding wall, a heat-insulating cylinder 13 made of ceramic material is provided. Both the anode 12 and the cathode h. A]; iefung} 4 are liquid-cooled. The anode 12 is over the contact piece. IS connected to the positive pole of the DC power source. The plasma is formed by the carrier gas and the powdery substances contained in the high-current arc maintained by the direct current source at the point 1 $ between cathode 7 and anode 12. The electrical resistance of the cathode 7 is such that it simultaneously serves as a resistance heating element for preheating the carrier gas through the strobe flowing through it.
Claims (14)
Deutsches Gebrauchsmuster Nr. 1907488;
USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2 011 872;
Zeitschrift »Powder Metallurgie«, 1964, H. 14,
S. 216 bis 288.Considered publications:
German utility model No. 1907488;
U.S. Patent No. 2,011,872;
"Powder Metallurgie" magazine, 1964, issue 14,
Pp. 216 to 288.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEG44007A DE1220058B (en) | 1965-06-28 | 1965-06-28 | Method and device for the heat treatment of powdery substances, in particular for melting the cores of high-melting substances, by means of a high-temperature plasma |
GB28266/66A GB1142793A (en) | 1965-06-28 | 1966-06-24 | Method and apparatus for the heat treatment of powdery substances by means of a high temperature plasma |
NL6608810A NL6608810A (en) | 1965-06-28 | 1966-06-24 | |
LU51396A LU51396A1 (en) | 1965-06-28 | 1966-06-24 | |
US560469A US3598944A (en) | 1965-06-28 | 1966-06-27 | A device for the heat treatment of powdery substances by means of a high-temperature plasma |
BE683257D BE683257A (en) | 1965-06-28 | 1966-06-28 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEG44007A DE1220058B (en) | 1965-06-28 | 1965-06-28 | Method and device for the heat treatment of powdery substances, in particular for melting the cores of high-melting substances, by means of a high-temperature plasma |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1220058B true DE1220058B (en) | 1966-06-30 |
Family
ID=7127327
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEG44007A Pending DE1220058B (en) | 1965-06-28 | 1965-06-28 | Method and device for the heat treatment of powdery substances, in particular for melting the cores of high-melting substances, by means of a high-temperature plasma |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3598944A (en) |
BE (1) | BE683257A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1220058B (en) |
GB (1) | GB1142793A (en) |
LU (1) | LU51396A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL6608810A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102022130038A1 (en) | 2022-11-14 | 2024-05-16 | Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh | Process for sintering cement clinker |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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BE791550A (en) * | 1971-11-20 | 1973-03-16 | Max Planck Gesellschaft | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING A MATERIAL BY MEANS OF PLASMA FROM AN ELECTRIC ARC |
US3839618A (en) * | 1972-01-03 | 1974-10-01 | Geotel Inc | Method and apparatus for effecting high-energy dynamic coating of substrates |
US3838242A (en) * | 1972-05-25 | 1974-09-24 | Hogle Kearns Int | Surgical instrument employing electrically neutral, d.c. induced cold plasma |
US3971911A (en) * | 1973-06-28 | 1976-07-27 | Dann Fred M | Projection forming of three-dimensional metal objects |
US4745338A (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1988-05-17 | University Of Alabama | Electromagnetically sustained plasma reactor |
EP0586756B1 (en) * | 1990-05-29 | 2002-04-17 | Sulzer Metco AG | Plasma systems for thermal spraying of powders |
US5225655A (en) * | 1990-05-29 | 1993-07-06 | Electro-Plasma, Inc. | Plasma systems having improved thermal spraying |
GB2365876A (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2002-02-27 | Tetronics Ltd | Making nano-sized powder using a plasma arc reactor |
ATE258092T1 (en) | 2000-02-10 | 2004-02-15 | Tetronics Ltd | PLASMA REACTOR FOR PRODUCING FINE POWDER |
GB0004845D0 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2000-04-19 | Tetronics Ltd | A method and apparatus for packaging ultra fine powders into containers |
KR100776068B1 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2007-11-15 | 테트로닉스 엘티디 | Twin plasma torch apparatus |
CN107321511B (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2018-12-11 | 无锡市湖昌机械制造有限公司 | The washer jet for having heating and anti-freezing function |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2011872A (en) * | 1933-05-15 | 1935-08-20 | Rava Alexander | High temperature torch |
DE1907488U (en) * | 1961-09-29 | 1964-12-31 | Euratom | HIGH TEMPERATURE OVEN. |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3182361A (en) * | 1961-02-08 | 1965-05-11 | Budd Co | Spraying apparatus and method |
-
1965
- 1965-06-28 DE DEG44007A patent/DE1220058B/en active Pending
-
1966
- 1966-06-24 GB GB28266/66A patent/GB1142793A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-06-24 LU LU51396A patent/LU51396A1/xx unknown
- 1966-06-24 NL NL6608810A patent/NL6608810A/xx unknown
- 1966-06-27 US US560469A patent/US3598944A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-06-28 BE BE683257D patent/BE683257A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2011872A (en) * | 1933-05-15 | 1935-08-20 | Rava Alexander | High temperature torch |
DE1907488U (en) * | 1961-09-29 | 1964-12-31 | Euratom | HIGH TEMPERATURE OVEN. |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102022130038A1 (en) | 2022-11-14 | 2024-05-16 | Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh | Process for sintering cement clinker |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US3598944A (en) | 1971-08-10 |
NL6608810A (en) | 1966-12-29 |
BE683257A (en) | 1966-12-01 |
GB1142793A (en) | 1969-02-12 |
LU51396A1 (en) | 1966-08-24 |
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