DE1192157B - - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN WTTWl PATENT OFFICE DeutscheKl .: 12 e- 4/50

PATENT LETTERING

Number: 1192157

File number: L 32302III / 12 e 1 192 157 Filing date: January 27, 1959

Opening day: May 6, 1965
Issue date: January 13, 1966
The patent specification corresponds to the patent specification

The invention relates to a homogenizing device for liquid and paste-like substances, in particular for the milk processing industry as well as for fruit juice sterilization and refinement of creams and varnishes.

Homogenizing devices of the known type have a two-part homogenizing head, the outer fixed part has a bore widening towards the discharge side, into which a correspondingly shaped inner part, with adjustable spring tension, is pressed in. At least one of the two opposite work surfaces is lined with steps, shoulders, grooves, etc. provided in such a way that relatively narrow gaps arise through which the substance to be processed is pressed through with repeated deflection.

Known homogenizing devices have the disadvantage that they have relatively large gaps and that these are also formed by relatively large gap areas. Through this the result is a low and also irregular homogenizing effect. Especially with homogenization devices With adjustable gaps, large spring and pump pressures have to be used in order to achieve a sufficiently small To maintain space between the relatively large work surfaces.

Homogenizing devices have therefore already become known in which the mutually movable, parts of the homogenization head that are also under high spring pressure at least have a relatively small working surface, which is achieved in that one part of the homogenization head is provided with an annular wedge blade which is pressed against the wall of the other part. As in this too If high spring pressures are used, there is the disadvantage that the wedge cutting edge during operation relatively quickly dulls because the inner part of the homogenization head against the outer part continuously hits with great force. The initially good homogenizing effect is therefore quickly lost during operation. With these known, non-rotating homogenizing devices are, especially for certain purposes, unsatisfactory results. This is particularly true for the non-creaming of homogeneous milk to be achieved.

The known homogenizing devices also had the disadvantage that the homogenizing effect either via a spring pressure scale homogenizing device

Patented for:

Wilhelm Lendi, Vernayaz, Valais (Switzerland)
Representative:

Dipl.-Ing. R. Busselmeier, patent attorney,
Augsburg, Grottenau 2

Named as inventor:

Wilhelm Lendi, Vernayaz, Valais (Switzerland)

or must be adjusted by means of a pressure gauge. The precise setting of the correct resistance pressure proves to be difficult because of the required size of the spring pressure, and the use a manometer is therefore not appropriate because this is caused by the pulsating strong Alternating pressures quickly becomes defective.

In the homogenizing device according to the invention, the deficiencies mentioned are avoided.

There are two work surfaces opposite one another in the homogenizing head, one of which is not through the wall cylindrical housing bore and the surface of a non-cylindrical mandrel are formed and form an annular homogenization gap, the operational width of which by the opposing force a spring is determined TT. The homogenizing device according to the invention differs from the known devices of the same type, however, by the combination of the following features:

a) One of the work surfaces is fed up with sharp, at rest on the other work surface adjacent, annular homogenizing edges provided, and

b) the spring constant of the compression spring is dimensioned in such a way that the counterforce is exerted without tension the spring is achieved.

509 756/282

Claims (3)

The working surfaces are expediently conical and the annular homogenizing edges are arranged either on the inner or on the outer working surface. The outer working surface can also be formed by a constriction in the form of a ring cutting edge and the inner working surface by a spherical or conical mandrel head. In the drawing, for example, embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown schematically. It shows F i g. 1 shows a first embodiment of a homogenizing device in section, FIG. 2 shows a horizontal partial section along the line III-III in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a homogenizing head on a larger scale, FIG. 4 shows a variant of the homogenizing head according to FIG. 3, FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the homogenizing head, with a section through the outer part of the same, and FIG. 6 a third embodiment. The in the F i g. 1 to 3 illustrated homogenizing device has a hollow outer part 1 in which a mandrel 2 is mounted. These two parts have two adjacent conical contact surfaces la and 2a, which have an annular passage opening for the medium to be homogenized, for. B. milk. The medium is pressed through an inlet opening 3 into the cavity of the outer part 1 and then through the contact surfaces 1 a, la and leaves the cavity in the direction of the arrow 4. The mandrel 2 is under the action of a non-membrane adjustable spring steeply increasing linear characteristic. The mandrel is held against the outer part 1 without tension. The mandrel 2 is provided with annular grooves 2b which are arranged so that sharp homogenizing edges 2c result. This creates several successive, equally wide annular gaps for the homogenization of the medium pressed through. In operation, the latter pushes the mandrel back a relatively very small distance, counter to the action of the spring, whereby the annular gaps are widened to the desired extent. The path covered by the mandrel is, however, only very small because of the steep linear spring characteristic, and the widening of the annular gaps resulting from the movement of the mandrel is extremely small because of the conicity of the working surfaces. The sharp homogenizing edges 2c are only worn during operation by the medium, but not by touching the bodies 1 and 2, since these cannot strike the wall of the outer part 1 of the homogenizing head. The homogenizing head 1, 2 is held pressed against a pump body 5 by a clamping device which can be quickly decoupled so that its inlet opening 3 coincides with an opening 3a of the pump body. The filling opening of the same can be closed with a cover 5 a. At its right end, the homogenizing head has two extensions 1 / with bent ends, against which a cross bolt 7 presses by means of a lever arm 6. This is hinged to a bearing arm 8 of the machine body 9 by means of a journal 10 and can be locked by means of a handle arm 12 by means of a toggle lever 11 hinged on the one hand to the lever arm 6 and on the other hand to the bearing arm 8. By means of a branch arm 6 a of the lever arm 6, the cover 5 λ is secured in its position at the same time. By pivoting the handle arm 12 in the direction of arrow a, the lever arm 6 is pivoted in the direction of arrow b and the branch arm 6 a is pivoted in the direction of arrow c, whereby the lock is released and the homogenizing head 1, 2 and the pump body 5 can be removed. The fact that the parts can be easily removed is advantageous because they often have to be cleaned properly. In the case of the FIGS. The embodiment of the homogenizing device shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the end of the mandrel directed towards the inflowing medium P is pointed. In all embodiments, the medium can also flow in the direction P1. The embodiment according to FIG. 5 has a mandrel 2 with a smooth surface, while the outer part 1 has annular grooves 1b and sharp homogenizing edges 1c. In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the outer part 1 has a constriction la with a sharp homogenizing edge, while the inner part 2 is designed as a sphere. In all the embodiments described, the greater part of the clamping force acting between the contact surfaces la and 2a is absorbed radially, so that only relatively small resistance forces Q have to act on the mandrel. The homogenizing device described has the advantage that it uses sharp homogenizing edges that are practically not subject to edge wear and that it works with practically constant, very narrow homogenizing gaps, so that an extremely good homogenizing effect that remains unchanged over a long period of operation can be achieved. All parts can be easily removed so that they can be easily cleaned and reassembled without difficulty. Patent claims: 1. Homogenizing device for liquid and pasty substances, in whose homogenizing head two opposing working surfaces formed by the wall of a non-cylindrical housing bore and the surface of a non-cylindrical mandrel form an annular homogenizing gap, the operational width of which is determined by the counterforce of a spring, characterized by the combination of the following features: a) One of the work surfaces is sharp, at rest on the other work surface closely fitting, annular homogenous edges; b) the spring constant is dimensioned so that the counterforce is achieved without pretensioning the spring will. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the working surfaces are conical and the annular homogenizing edges ent- are arranged neither on the inner nor on the outer work surface (Figs. 3 to 5). 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer work surface through a ring-shaped constriction of the housing bore and the inner work surface through a spherical or conical mandrel head is formed (Fig. 6). Considered publications: German Patent No. 384,964, ^{1,834,406. tJ 113,928} ; V. Swiss Patent No. 311 796; French patent specification no. \ 885 826; ^ ' British Patent Nos. 3§3 ~ 494f494 204; U.S. Patents Nos. 1 042 781, '1 763 313. » 1 sheet of drawings