DE1152925B - Detonable emulsion - Google Patents
Detonable emulsionInfo
- Publication number
- DE1152925B DE1152925B DED36487A DED0036487A DE1152925B DE 1152925 B DE1152925 B DE 1152925B DE D36487 A DED36487 A DE D36487A DE D0036487 A DED0036487 A DE D0036487A DE 1152925 B DE1152925 B DE 1152925B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- detonable
- parts
- emulsion
- component
- oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/28—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as less than 10% by weight of the total composition
- C06B25/30—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as less than 10% by weight of the total composition with nitroglycerine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/285—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with fuel oil, e.g. ANFO-compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/30—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with vegetable matter; with resin; with rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
- C06B31/44—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine
- C06B31/48—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine with other explosive or thermic component
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B43/00—Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
- C06B47/14—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
Detonationsfähige Emulsion Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf detonationsfähige Emulsionen, die aus einer flüssigen oder schmelzbaren detonationsfähigen Komponente und einem flüssigen oder schmelzbaren Kohlenwasserstoff aufgebaut sind, wobei der flüssige oder schmelzbare Kohlenwasserstoff in der detonationsfähigen Komponente emulgiert ist. Diese Art der Emulsion wird erreicht durch die Verwendung von Emulgatoren, die eine Lösungsaffinität sowohl zur detonationsfähigen Komponente als auch zu dem flüssigen oder schmelzbaren Kohlenwasserstoff besitzt.Detonatable emulsion The invention relates to detonatable emulsions Emulsions made from a liquid or meltable detonable component and a liquid or fusible hydrocarbon, the liquid or fusible hydrocarbon in the detonable component is emulsified. This type of emulsion is achieved through the use of emulsifiers, the one solution affinity both to the detonatable component and to the possesses liquid or fusible hydrocarbon.
Als Emulgatoren sind ebenfalls hierfür geeignet: Langkettige Fettsäuren (Ölsäure, Stearinsäure), langkettige Alkohole (z. B. Cetylalkohol, Cerylalkohol, Myrieylalkohol) und Ester langkettiger Fettsäuren bzw. langkettiger Fettalkohole, z. B. Carnaubawachs, Palmitinsäurecetylester, Fette und Öle. Weiterhin eignen sich hierbei auch langkettige Fettamine und Fettsäureamide und ihre Derivate (Stearinsäureanilid, Stearinsäurecetylamid, Stearylamin, Phenolsauresstearylamin). Diese Emulgatoren werden in Mengen von 0,05 bis 511o zugesetzt' Als detonationsfähige Komponente können organische Salpetersäureester wie auch aromatische Nitroverbindungen eingesetzt werden.Also suitable as emulsifiers for this are: long-chain fatty acids (oleic acid, stearic acid), long-chain alcohols (e.g. cetyl alcohol, ceryl alcohol, myrieyl alcohol) and esters of long-chain fatty acids or long-chain fatty alcohols, e.g. B. carnauba wax, cetyl palmitate, fats and oils. Long-chain fatty amines and fatty acid amides and their derivatives (stearic acid anilide, stearic acid cetylamide, stearylamine, phenolic acid stearylamine) are also suitable here. These emulsifiers are added in amounts from 0.05 to 50%. Organic nitric acid esters as well as aromatic nitro compounds can be used as components capable of detonation.
Als flüssige oder schmelzbare Kohlenwasserstoffe, die in der detonationsfähigen Komponente unlöslich oder nur begrenzt löslich sein dürfen, sind z. B. folgende Verbindungen geeignet: Flüssige und feste Paraffinkohlenwasserstoffe, Olefine und hydroaromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe. Aber auch technische Öle, wie z. B. Dieselöle und die hochviskosen Zylinderöle, können für die Herstellung derartiger Emulsionen verwendet werden. Diese Kohlenwasserstoffe können bis zu 701/o in der Emulsion enthalten sein. In den folgenden Beispielen sind typische detonationsfähige Emulsionen angeführt.As liquid or fusible hydrocarbons that are detonable in the Component may be insoluble or only sparingly soluble, are z. B. the following Compounds suitable: liquid and solid paraffinic hydrocarbons, olefins and hydroaromatic hydrocarbons. But also technical oils such. B. Diesel oils and the highly viscous cylinder oils, can be used for the production of such emulsions be used. These hydrocarbons can contain up to 701 / o in the emulsion be. Typical emulsions capable of detonation are given in the following examples.
Beispiel 1 90 cm-*- Sprengöl (60: 40), 10 cm"' Paraffinöl, 1 cm-'-' ölsäure, 2,2 g Collodiumwolle. Bleiblockausbauchung: 540 cm3. Beispiel 2 70 cm3 Sprengöl (60: 40)# 30 cnf3 Paraffinöl 1 cm3 Ölsäure, 1,5 g Collodiumwolle. Bleiblockausbauchung: 410 cm,3. Beispiel J 50 CM3 Sprengöl, 50 cm3 Paraffinöl, 1 CM3 ölsäure, 1,2 g Collodiumwolle. Bleiblockausbauchung: 310 cm3. Beispiel 4 (Emulgierung erfolgte bei 85' Q 50 cm3 Trinitrotoluol, 30 em3 Paraffinöl, 0,5 g Stearinsäureanilid als Emulgator, 0,5 g Collodiumwolle.Example 1 90 cm - * - explosive oil ( 60:40), 10 cm "'paraffin oil, 1 cm -'-' oleic acid, 2.2 g collodion wool. Lead block bulge: 540 cm3. Example 2 70 cm3 explosive oil (60: 40) # 30 cnf3 paraffin oil 1 cm3 of oleic acid, 1.5 g of collodion cotton lead block expansion:. 410 cm 3 example J 50 cM3 blasting oil, 50 cm3 of paraffin oil, 1 cM3 oleic acid, 1.2 g of collodion cotton lead block expansion:... 310 cm3 sample was 4 (emulsification at 85 'Q 50 cm3 trinitrotoluene, 30 em3 paraffin oil, 0.5 g stearic anilide as an emulsifier, 0.5 g collodion wool.
Das Gemisch ergab eine stabile Emulsion des Typs Paraffinöl in Trinitrotoluol, die mit einem Übertragungskörper (25 g Tetryl) zur Detonation gebracht werden konnte.The mixture gave a stable emulsion of the type paraffin oil in trinitrotoluene, which could be detonated with a transfer body (25 g tetryl).
Eine analoge Emulsion wurde mit einem Gemisch aus Trinitrotoluol (3411/o) und Binitrotoluol (66%) hergestellt. Wegen des niedrigen Schmelzpunktes von 320 C läßt sich hier die Emulgierung mit Paraffinöl bei nur mäßig erhöhter Temperatur durchführen.An analogous emulsion was prepared with a mixture of trinitrotoluene (3411 / o) and binitrotoluene (66%). Because of the low melting point of 320 ° C. , the emulsification with paraffin oil can only be carried out at a moderately elevated temperature.
Da derartiae Emulsionen den Kohlenstoffträger in kleiner Verteilung enthalten und auf Grund ihrer Sauerstoffunterbilanz können sie vorteilhaft mit Sauerstoffträgern, wie z. B. anorganischen Nitraten, Chloraten und Perchloraten, gemischt werden, so daß Sprengstoffe erhalten werden, die im Vergleich zu den Sprengstoffen, die die Komponenten nicht in der Emulsionsform enthalten, eine höhere Brisanz besitzen. Da die hier verwendeten Kohlenstoffträger billig sind, sind diese Sprengstoffe auch von wirtschaftlichen Vorteilen. Beispiel 5 (gelatinöser Sprengstoff) Zusammensetzung 35.,4 % Emulsion, bestehend aus 30 Teilen Nitroglykol ' 1,4 Teilen Collodiumwolle, 3,65 Teilen Paraffinöl und 0,35 Teilen Lanolin als Emulgator, 48,5 % Ammonsalpeter (Korngröße 60 1/o = 0,2 mm), 15 % Natronsalpeter, 1 0/a Holzmehl, 0,1 1/o Eisenrot. Sprengtechnische Daten Dichte ..................... 1,43 g/cm3 Ausbauchung .............. 390 CM3 Stauchung nach H es s ....... 24,0 mm Detonationsübertragung (frei liegend auf Sand) .... 3 cm Beispiel 6 (gelatinöser Sprengstoff) Zusammensetzung 27,8 1/o Emulsion, bestehend aus 20 Teilen Nitro-glykol, 6 Teilen Dinitrotoluol, 0,8 Teilen Collodiumwolle, 0,90 Teilen Dieselöl und 0,10 Teilen Lanolin als Emulgator, 71 Ü/o Ammonsalpeter (Komgröße 50 % = 0,2 mm), 1 % Holzmehl, 0,2% Eisenrot. Sprengtechnische Daten Dichte ..................... 1,46 g/cm3 Ausbauchung .............. 398 cm3 Stauchung nach H es s ....... 19,0 mm Detonationsübertragung (frei liegend auf Sand) 5 cm Vergleichsweise hat der Sprengstoff Ammongelit 3 nur eine Ausbauchung von 375 cras, obwohl er 21/o mehr Nitroglykol und 5 % Trinitrotoluol enthält.Since such emulsions contain the carbon carrier in a small distribution and due to their oxygen deficit, they can advantageously with oxygen carriers, such as. B. inorganic nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates, are mixed so that explosives are obtained which are more explosive than the explosives which do not contain the components in the emulsion form. Since the carbon carriers used here are cheap, these explosives also have economic advantages. Example 5 (gelatinous explosive) Composition 35, 4% emulsion, consisting of 30 parts of nitroglycol , 1.4 parts of collodion wool, 3.65 parts of paraffin oil and 0.35 parts of lanolin as an emulsifier, 48.5% ammonium nitrate (grain size 60 1 / o = 0.2 mm), 15 % sodium nitrate, 1 0 / a wood flour, 0.1 1 / o iron red. Blasting data Density ..................... 1.43 g / cm3 bulge .............. 390 CM3 compression according to H es s ....... 24.0 mm detonation transmission (exposed on sand) .... 3 cm Example 6 (gelatinous explosive) Composition 27.8 1 / o emulsion, consisting of 20 parts nitroglycol, 6 Parts of dinitrotoluene, 0.8 parts of collodion wool, 0.90 parts of diesel oil and 0.10 parts of lanolin as an emulsifier, 71 % ammonium nitrate (grain size 50 % = 0.2 mm), 1 % wood flour, 0.2% iron red. Blasting data Density ..................... 1.46 g / cm3 bulge .............. 398 cm3 compression according to H es s ....... 19.0 mm detonation transmission (exposed on sand) 5 cm By comparison, the explosive ammonium gel 3 has only a bulge of 375 cras, although it contains 21 / o more nitroglycol and 5 % trinitrotoluene.
Beispiel 7 (pulverförmiger Sprengstoff) Zusammensetzung 10 % Emulsion, bestehend aus 5,94 Teilen Sprengölgemisch (60:40), 0,06 Teilen Collodiumwolle als Stabilisator, 3,8 Teilen Dieselöl und 0,2 Teilen Lanolin als Emulgator, 901/o Ammonsalpeter (Komfeinheit 80 0,2 mm). Sprengtechnische Daten Dichte ..................... 1,20 g/cms Ausbauchung .............. 375 em3 Stauchung nach H es s ....... 21,6 mm Detonationsübertragung (frei liegend auf Sand) .... 8 cm Beispiel 8 (pulverförmiger Sprengstoff) 6 % Emulsion, bestehend aus 2,475 Teilen Nitroglykol, 0,025 Teilen Collodiumwolle als Stabilisator, 3,44 Teilen Motorenöl und 0,06 Teilen Lanolin als Emulgator, 91,011/o Ammonnitrat (Korngröße 95 1/o = 0,1 mm), 3 % Holzmehl. Sprengtechnische Daten Dichte ..................... 0,97 g/cm3 Ausbauchung .............. 389 cm,3 Stauchung nach H es s ....... 18,8 mm Detonationsübertragung (frei liegend auf Sand) .... 4 cm Beispiel 9 (pulverföriniger Sprengstoff) Zusammensetzung 5 % Emulsion, bestehend aus 1,98 Teilen Nitroglykol, 0,02 Teilen Collodiumwolle, 2,95 Teilen Dieselöl und 0,05 Teilen Lanolin als Emulgator, 90 % Ammonsalpeter (95 % = 0,2 mm), 5 % Holzmehl. Sprengtechnische Daten Dichte ..................... 0,90 g/CM3 Ausbauchung .............. 390 cm3 Stauchung .................. 18,6 mm Detonationsübertragung (frei liegend auf Sand) .... 4 cm (im Eisenrohr) ........... 12 cm Beispiel 10 (pulverförnüger Sprengstoff) Zusammensetzung 2,5 % Emulsion, bestehend aus 0,99 Teilen Nitro-glykol, 0,01 Teilen Collodiumwolle, 1,475 Teilen Motorenöl-Dieselöl-Gemisch (1 : 1) und 0,025 Teilen Lanolin als Emulgator, 89,5 II/o Ammonsalpeter (90 % = 0,2 mm), 8,0 % Holzmehl.Example 7 (powdery explosives) Composition 10 % emulsion, consisting of 5.94 parts of explosive oil mixture (60:40), 0.06 part of collodion wool as stabilizer, 3.8 parts of diesel oil and 0.2 part of lanolin as emulsifier, 901 / o ammonium nitrate (Fineness 80 0.2 mm). Blasting data density ..................... 1.20 g / cms bulge .............. 375 em3 compression according to H es s ....... 21.6 mm detonation transfer (exposed on sand) .... 8 cm Example 8 (powdery explosive) 6 % emulsion, consisting of 2.475 parts of nitroglycol, 0.025 parts of collodion wool as stabilizer, 3, 44 parts of motor oil and 0.06 parts of lanolin as an emulsifier, 91.011 / o ammonium nitrate (grain size 95 1 / o = 0.1 mm), 3 % wood flour. Blasting data Density ..................... 0.97 g / cm3 bulge .............. 389 cm, 3 upsets after H es s ....... 18.8 mm detonation transmission (exposed on sand) .... 4 cm Example 9 (powdery explosive) Composition 5 % emulsion, consisting of 1.98 parts nitroglycol, 0.02 Parts of collodion wool, 2.95 parts of diesel oil and 0.05 parts of lanolin as an emulsifier, 90% ammonium nitrate (95% = 0.2 mm), 5 % wood flour. Blasting data Density ..................... 0.90 g / CM3 bulge .............. 390 cm3 compression .. ................ 18.6 mm detonation transmission (exposed on sand) .... 4 cm (in the iron pipe) ........... 12 cm Example 10 (powder-form explosive) Composition 2.5% emulsion, consisting of 0.99 part nitroglycol, 0.01 part collodion wool, 1.475 parts engine oil-diesel oil mixture (1: 1) and 0.025 part lanolin as an emulsifier, 89, 5 II / o ammonium nitrate (90 % = 0.2 mm), 8.0 % wood flour.
Sprengtechnische Daten Dichte ..................... 0,95 g/CM3 Ausbauchung ........... ... 374 cm3 Stauchung nach H es s . # ..... 16,8 mm Detonationsübertragung (frei liegend auf Sand) .... 2 cm (im Eisenrohr) ........... 8 cm In den Beispielen 5 bis 10 wurde die Detonationsübertragung mit Patronen von 30 mm Durchmesser ermittelt; die Zündung erfolgte mit einer AI-Kapsel Nr. 8. Blasting data Density ..................... 0.95 g / CM3 bulge ........... ... 374 cm3 compression according to H it s . # ..... 16.8 mm detonation transmission (exposed on sand) .... 2 cm (in the iron pipe) ........... 8 cm In Examples 5 to 10 , the detonation transmission was with 30 mm diameter cartridges detected; the ignition was carried out with an AI capsule No. 8.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL280464D NL280464A (en) | 1961-07-04 | ||
NL122772D NL122772C (en) | 1961-07-04 | ||
DED36487A DE1152925B (en) | 1961-07-04 | 1961-07-04 | Detonable emulsion |
BE619617A BE619617A (en) | 1961-07-04 | 1962-07-02 | Detonating emulsions and their use in the manufacture of explosive materials |
GB2553963A GB1010186A (en) | 1961-07-04 | 1962-07-03 | Improvements in or relating to detonatable compositions |
CH797962A CH442108A (en) | 1961-07-04 | 1962-07-03 | Detonable dispersion and its use for the manufacture of explosives |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DED36487A DE1152925B (en) | 1961-07-04 | 1961-07-04 | Detonable emulsion |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1152925B true DE1152925B (en) | 1963-08-14 |
Family
ID=7043131
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DED36487A Pending DE1152925B (en) | 1961-07-04 | 1961-07-04 | Detonable emulsion |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE619617A (en) |
CH (1) | CH442108A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1152925B (en) |
GB (1) | GB1010186A (en) |
NL (2) | NL280464A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0107368B1 (en) * | 1982-10-22 | 1988-05-04 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Emulsion explosive composition |
JP2012532242A (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2012-12-13 | ショーエンフェルド,アレクサンダー | Flammable liquid fuel |
CN102997767B (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2014-10-29 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Field emulsion explosive mixing and charging system and charging method suitable for underground engineering |
-
0
- NL NL122772D patent/NL122772C/xx active
- NL NL280464D patent/NL280464A/xx unknown
-
1961
- 1961-07-04 DE DED36487A patent/DE1152925B/en active Pending
-
1962
- 1962-07-02 BE BE619617A patent/BE619617A/en unknown
- 1962-07-03 GB GB2553963A patent/GB1010186A/en not_active Expired
- 1962-07-03 CH CH797962A patent/CH442108A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH442108A (en) | 1967-08-15 |
BE619617A (en) | 1962-11-05 |
GB1010186A (en) | 1965-11-17 |
NL122772C (en) | |
NL280464A (en) |
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