DE1116853B - Lubricants for the hot forming of metals - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to lubricants such as those used for the most varied types of hot working of metals are required, especially for deep drawing, forging and similar work processes.

One already knows lubricant mixtures for this purpose, which are based on a solid, at hot forming temperatures non-melting and non-decomposing lubricant are built up as an essential component, namely are for this Purpose in particular known solid substances of lamellar structure, such as graphite in Leaflet shape. It is already the subject of an older patent, as well as a flammable one, the Add filler that does not attack metal, such as sawdust.

Such lubricant mixtures can be used in liquid or solid form. In the second case, the mixture is formed into sheets under pressure, which, for example, are placed in the drawing tool between the drawing iron and the metal blank, on the bottom of forging dies or on other suitable places are placed.

However, this formation of solid bodies under pressure is a difficult problem. They are also up Solid lubricating bodies obtainable in this way are generally easily fragile and can therefore badly transported. This is due to the nature of the binders used, in their Choice one is limited by the intended use. This is how these binders have to be be such that they do not reduce the lubricity of the mixture. You are also not allowed to be expensive, and ultimately they must be in such a way at the temperatures in question burn so that they do not form any residues that stick to the tool or the molding.

The invention shows a new way of producing solid lubricating bodies for hot forming of metals on which it is possible to give the bodies the necessary strength. on the other hand however, the prerequisites explained above are also met. It is also here a lubricating body based on a solid that does not melt at hot deformation temperatures and non-decomposing lubricant containing a combustible, the metal is not attacking filler, and it is in contrast to the known lubricating bodies of this type characterized in that the same contains an organic, fibrous support body or on such is upset.

Lubricant for hot forming
of metals

Applicant:

Societe d'Exploitation des Brevets C.L.S., Paris

Representative: Dipl.-Ing. W. Reinke, patent attorney,
Bensheim-Auerbach, Jahnstr. 11

Claimed priority:
France of February 13, 1958 (No. 758 183)

Alfred Ciatot, Bois (France),
has been named as the inventor

As a material for the support body, for example, paper pulp can be used so that the Lubricant body as a deformed sheet made from the mixture of the lubricant, the filler body and the carrier body is present. From such a mixture that the lubricant and the other ingredients as well which contains fibers in the form of a paper paste, can be removed simply by drying - without pressure - Make sheets or plates that are durable enough. It can also be a support body made of impermeable paper or cardboard, on which the mixture of lubricants- Packing is applied. It is useful here to profile the support body, to corrugate it or to use it To provide embossing.

In the same way, support bodies made of light fabric are possible on which the mixture of lubricant and filler bodies is applied. Such tissues can consist of natural or artificial fibers. For example, cotton gauze, gauze or Suitable for muslin.

In all cases it is possible to mix the mixture consisting of lubricant and filler between include two support bodies.

To further illustrate the idea of the invention, some practical cases will be explained in more detail.

103 738/380

A form of lubricating body suitable for many purposes according to the invention is that of a disc. Such can be coined from a welüg Sheets of paper, on the back of which a smooth sheet is glued. Used for both sheets it is advisable to use sulphurized paper. The depressions of the wavy embossed sheet become filled with the lubricant mixture, for example by painting over with a brush or on another appropriate way. This smear layer is expediently dimensioned so thick that it forms the depressions on this surface of the corrugated paper and also still 'the vertices of the waves very lightly covered.

The binding agent used for this purpose, the flakes of the solid lubricating body and the other components To hold the mixture together should not contain water in this embodiment, because otherwise deformation of the corrugated paper would be caused. In this case one will preferably become a Use a binder consisting of a synthetic resin dissolved in an organic solvent. For example, polystyrene that is dissolved in trichlorethylene can be used. This solvent evaporates on drying, causing the adhesive to solidify.

The filler, preferably an organic combustible substance, is allowed to be lubricated Do not attack or mechanically wear surfaces. Because of this, it comes in a finely divided form mixed in. In addition to the sawdust already mentioned, cork powder, straw dust and coal are also used finely distributed state, for example graphite in dust form, in question. It also becomes a metal oxide higher oxidation level added, such as manganese dioxide (pyrolusite), bismuth trioxide, Lead dioxide or the like. These metal oxides react with the carbon at very high temperatures the hot deformation with the release of heat and thereby delay the cooling process of the material to be machined Metal. As an example, a mixture such as that in question is given below in more detail can come:

Graphite in flake form 450 parts

Sawdust 40 parts

Graphite in dust form with the
Fineness of a sieve of

180 meshes / sqcm 450 parts

Pyrolusite 60 parts

Polystyrene in powder form. 115 parts

Trichlorethylene 1350 parts

In order to improve the adhesion of the lubricant mixture to the carrier, for example paper, a small amount of silicic acid sodium can be added, for example about 4.5 ^fl / o.

If you want to use the lubricating body according to the invention for deep drawing, it is used in In the form of an approximately round disc that is inserted into the lower part of the sleeve. The disc will placed in front of the drawing die through which the metal of the blank is drawn out by means of the drawing mandrel shall be. To facilitate the handling of such a grease washer, the washer Equip with a handle that can be attached to the middle part of the disc, for example can that it extends perpendicular to the plane of the disk. Such a handle can, for example be bent from a metal wire in a hairpin shape, taking the two ends of the hairpin legs pierces through the pane and then bends slightly outwards to prevent the Disc to prevent.

Such a handle does not interfere with the work process, because the drawing mandrel pushes it during the drawing process through the opening of the drawing iron.

A grease washer of the aforementioned type, which is placed in front of the drawing iron, is used to reduce the Lubricate the inner surface of the latter by removing the metal of the blank during the drawing process Lubricating mixture undertakes with itself. But you can also reduce the friction between the blank and the reduce the cylindrical wall of the sleeve receiving it by placing a lubricating body according to of the invention puts on the inside of the wall of the sleeve. For this purpose, for example, you can use a flexible Use a scrap sheet made of soft cheesecloth with the lubricant applied to the above Type exists. Such a scrap sheet can easily be rolled into the shape of a tube, its Diameter corresponds to the inner diameter of the sleeve 5 and can therefore be easily used.

As already indicated above, one can not only use lubrication plates of sufficient strength by using supporting sheets of paper, cardboard or fabric on which a layer of the Lubricant is applied, achieve, but you can such lubrication plates the necessary hold also give them in such a way that they are provided with a "reinforcement", for example from natural ones or artificial fibers that are added to the other ingredients of the mixture. So can for example, in the mixture described above, the sawdust by a paste of dry Replace paper. These can be added in roughly the same ratio. But you can too use a proportion of up to 40 ° / o. Also on this In this way, a product is obtained which can be handled in a fully satisfactory manner without it would be necessary to shape the mixture under pressure. In this case, the binder in Can be used in the form of a solution in water, for example dextrin.

Claims (8)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Lubricant for the hot forming of metals on the basis of a solid, non-melting at hot forming temperatures and non-decomposing lubricant with a content of a combustible, non-attacking metal filler, characterized in that the same contains an organic fibrous support body or on one such is upset. 2. Lubricating body according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting body is paper pulp and the lubricating body as a deformed sheet from the mixture of the lubricant, the filling body and the support body is present. 3. Lubricating body according to claim 1, characterized in that the same consists of a support body made of impermeable paper or cardboard insists on which the mixture of lubricants Packing is applied. 4. Lubricating body according to claim 3, characterized in that the supporting body is profiled, is corrugated or embossed. 5. Lubricating body according to claim 1, characterized in that the same consists of a support body made of light fabric made of natural or artificial fibers, such as cotton gauze, gauze or Museline, on which the mixture of lubricant and filler is applied. 6. Lubricating body according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the mixture of lubricant — filler material is enclosed between two support bodies. 7. lubricating body according to claim 1 to 6, characterized by a further content of Manganese dioxide, bismuth trioxide or lead dioxide. 8. lubricating body according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the same in the form of a round disc is present, which optionally in its central part with a metal handle is provided. Considered publications:
German Patent No. 954,989;
U.S. Patent Nos. 2,686,155, 2,715,617. Legacy Patents Considered:
German Patent No. 1072 343.