DE1084274B - Arrangement for increasing the performance of a steam power plant equipped with a feedwater displacement reservoir and a power engine with regenerative tap - Google Patents

Description

Arrangement to increase the performance of a feed water displacement memory and a combustion engine with Regenerativanzapfung equipped steam power plant The main Patent 1070 644 relates to an arrangement for increasing the power of a with a feed water displacement memory and a combustion engine with Regenerativanzapfung equipped steam power plant whose performance by reduction or cancellation of the Regenerativanzapfung can be enlarged, in which the displacement accumulator for discharging not only hot water for the boiler feed, but also additional hot water can be taken, which is fed to a circulation system for steam generation, the steam generation from the hot water takes place via surface heat exchangers or by expansion and the steam is fed to a power engine . The circulating water from the storage tank, which is used as a gradient storage tank, cannot be cooled down as far as the part of the storage tank water that works as a feed water storage tank due to the volume ratios of the resulting steam. The temperatures of the less cooled water will be around -100 ° C. According to the invention, the water flowing back from the storage circulation system is cooled in a heat exchanger before it is returned to the storage facility, the transferred heat is collected in an intermediate storage facility and used via the intermediate storage facility.

The arrangement is shown in the lower part of Figure 1 and is explained in more detail below after the description of this figure.

In the main patent it is also explained and claimed that one also the steam from the storage tank's discharge circuit, which is used as a gradient storage tank for discharging serves, instead of leading to a special turbine, to the lower stages of the main turbine can; However, this is countered by the difficulty that the saturated steam in a turbine stage is initiated, in which high overheating can still prevail. The storage steam z. B. to overheat by any exhaust gases, should be practically difficult, on the other hand, according to the invention, the operationally desired temperature equalization should thereby be achieved take place that, as far as the storage steam is supplied between two cylinders, it is mixed with the superheated main steam before entering the turbine cylinder and, as far as it is supplied to taps, a temperature adjustment takes place by supplying heat from steam, with a regulation taking place with known means can. The supply of heat over surfaces can come from condensing vapor of higher pressure or from flowing steam, the z. B. from the transition between two cylinders is taken.

This makes it possible to all discharged from the discharge circuit Passing steam safely into suitable stages of the main turbine - with the lower one Part has to be enlarged if necessary - and with it the special storage turbine to save.

Figure 1 shows a possible embodiment in which the overheating by condensing live steam - for the sake of simplicity - represented as boiler steam - he follows. In detail, the picture is explained as follows: 1 represents the after Displacement principle working memory, 2 and 3 a turbine, which of the Boiler 20 receives its steam. 4 to 7 are the usual regenerative preheaters which the condensate from the condenser 11 via the pump 10, the pump 8, the Valve 9 is conveyed to the boiler with regenerative preheating.

In a known way, water is taken from below to load the storage tank, a larger amount of water than corresponds to the condensate through the regenerative preheater sent and this excess fed back to the memory 1 above, while the normal amount continues via the feed pump 21 to the boiler 20.

To discharge the valve 9 is closed in a known manner, and the cold condensate enters the storage tank at the bottom, while the hot water at the top exits and passes through the feed water pump 21 to the boiler 20. on on the right side of the storage tank is the gradient tank discharge circuit marked by three expansion devices. When the valve 19 is opened, the hot storage water enters the first expansion valve 14 and evaporates after the turbine cylinder 3. As soon as the water has reached a certain height reached, the regulator 17 opens and lets the water into the expander 13, from the steam enters the next turbine stage. The same thing is repeated in that Expander 12, and the water is finally via the pump 18 in the lower Part of the memory returned.

As can be seen from the drawing, the steam is that from the expander 14 escapes at point 22 with the steam from the upper turbine cylinder 2 mixed, and the cylinder 3 receives steam of a uniform temperature as a result.

As at the second feed point (the pressure after the regenerative preheater 5) the steam temperature in the turbine can still be significantly higher could, as it corresponds to the saturated steam temperature, a superheater 23 is switched on, which is shown here, for example, as being fed with condensing live steam is. A regulator, not shown, keeps the temperature at the desired level.

Of course, the steam from the third expander can also be used 12 may be overheated in a similar manner; it is also possible, for. B. in the steam line to switch on a heat exchanger from cylinder 2 to mixing point 22, its secondary side the storage steam supply below heats up accordingly. Thermodynamic The first described method of post-heating appears to be cheaper, but it plays this only plays a subordinate role, since on the one hand it is not just a very large one Temperature differences and, on the other hand, only short operating times; man will therefore choose the arrangement that is structurally the most favorable.

The lower part of the drawing now represents the use of the hotter one Storage water that drains from the pump 10, is.

The water, which is still considerably warmer than the condensate coming from the pump 10 , transfers its heat to the circuit of the intermediate store 29 via the heat exchanger 32 - possibly also directly. It is also assumed here that e.g. B. a number of heat consumers 24 are supplied and that the main heat supply also from the turbine 2 and 3, from which the tap preheaters 26 and 27 are heated, takes place. Of course, any other heat sources can also be used.

It is readily apparent that the memory is mediated the pump 30 via a line with the shut-off valve 31, the heat in the preheater 32 is dispensed, can feed from above, just like this from the preheaters 26 and 27 can be made ago. The buffer 29 can then depending on the needs add hot water to the water coming from the preheaters 26 and 27. This then goes together to the heat consumers 24 and is either by the pump 25 fed directly to the main heat source 26 and 27 or via the valve 28 to the memory 29, which then acts as a displacement reservoir, as mentioned, releases hot water at the top.

Finally, you can also use the regenerative cycle (4-7 in Fig. 1) coincide with the discharge circuit (12-14). Here either the im Surface transfer usual for the regenerative system; then it is in normal operation the boiler feed water flow in direction 4-7 (when charging through cold water reinforced from memory). When discharged as a feed water storage tank, the flowing through stops Quantity back to zero, and that is possible with further unloading as a gradient storage tank hot water from the storage tank not only in the boiler, but also in the direction of it 7-4 through the regenerative system; at the same time they are filled with water and act as an evaporator, the steam in the turbine stages - as mentioned with superheating - sending.

Figure 2 shows a possible embodiment. In normal operation, i.e. H. without charging or discharging the storage tank, the condensate is released from the capacitor 4 'via the pump 11', 12 ', the surface preheaters 6' to 9 ', the mixing preheater 10 'and the pump 14' to the boiler. A short circuit to the mixer preheater 10 ' is prevented by the non-return valve 24 '. The heating steam condensates from the Preheaters flow through the control valves 22 'to 19' gradually into the condenser to, whereby the control pulse is taken from the higher pressure preheater and the regulation takes place in such a way that the heat exchanger tubes are surrounded exclusively by steam are.

To discharge the storage tank 5 '(as a feed water storage tank), first the valve 16 'is closed, so that the preheaters 6' to 10 'are stopped and all the bleed steam flows to the condenser. For further discharge of the storage tank (as a gradient storage tank) the pump 13 'is switched on, which via the non-return valve 24 'hot storage water in the opposite sense through the surface preheater 9 'to 6' circulates. At the same time the control valve 25 'is opened and 19' is closed, and the control valves 23 'to 20' are dependent on the water level in the preheater of the lower pressure in each case controlled so that all water pipes are flooded. The surface preheaters are operated as evaporators, producing their steam as above in the main turbine.

Since flow must be permitted in both directions in the valves 16 'and 17', the pumps 12 ' and 13' may have to be provided with suitable bypasses.

It is also possible in a known manner to turn off the regenerative system Assemble injection elements (with intermediate pumps) and then (with appropriate Switchover) as an injection evaporator with reversal of the flow direction, as well as explained above. Here, too, there is only one circulation circuit.

In this way, a turbine is created that works with the boiler output unchanged to z. B. 30 to 401 / o can be overloaded. The low pressure part will have to be enlarged however, a poorer degree of efficiency (i.e. relatively lower Enlargement) in view of the short period of use. At the generator the H2 pressure for the tip will be increased, for the condenser the amount of cooling water can increase according to economic aspects adapted to the short tip.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Arrangement for increasing the performance of a steam power plant equipped with a feed water displacement storage tank and a prime mover with regenerative tap, the performance of which can be increased by reducing or eliminating the regenerative tap, in which the displacement storage tank for discharging not only hot water for the boiler feed, but also additional hot water can be removed, which is fed to a circulation system for steam generation, the steam generation from the hot water takes place via surface heat exchangers or by expansion and the steam is fed to an engine, according to patent 1070 644, characterized in that the water flowing back from the storage circulation circuit is in front of the return line the store is cooled, the heat is collected in an intermediate store and can be used via the intermediate store. 2. Arrangement of a preferably combined with a feed water storage gradient storage tank, which is in Circulation process is unloaded in conjunction with a steam turbine with several Inlets, which are also independent of the memory in the main circuit with higher steam Pressure can be operated, characterized in that the discharge process resulting steam before entering the lower stages of the steam turbine by mixing or surface transfer of heat is brought to a temperature which is sufficient close to the corresponding temperature of the main amount of steam flowing through the turbine The heat is transferred to the turbine steam by condensing a small amount of steam or by cooling a larger amount of steam. 3. Application of the temperature increase of the steam generated during the discharge process of the arrangement according to claim 2 to the steam formed during the discharge of the arrangement according to claim 2 of patent 1070 644. --P.atents-l-97.0.644, -due to this = ggksnnzeiehnet, - _-that-P-atents 4 WO -09 4; characterized in that the accumulator discharge circuit coincides with the regenerative tap system of the engine, the direction of flow of the water flowing through the regenerative preheater being reversible by known means for the accumulator discharge. 5. Arrangement according to claim 2 to 4 or according to claim 1 and / or 2 of patent 1070 644, characterized in that the amount of cooling water flowing through the condenser of the engine can be increased or the temperature of the cooling water at the inlet into the condenser can be reduced during the storage discharge. Considered publications: German Patent Specifications No. 670197, 717 896.