DE1060224A1

DE1060224A1 -

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Publication number: DE1060224A1
Authority: DE

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Es ist bekannt, innengekühlte Metallschaufeln für Turbinen und Kompressoren in der Weise herzustellen, daß man von einem Formling ausgeht, der mit gemäß der Lage der Kühlkanäle angeordneten, einen verformbaren und später entfernbaren Füllstoff enthaltenden Längsbohrungen versehen ist, und diesen Formling durch Strangpressen zum Schaufelblatt formt, dabei jedoch einen Preßrest bestehen läßt, aus dem alsdann der Schaufelfuß herausgearbeitet wird. Bei diesem Verfahren ist man in der Wahl der Weite der Kühlkanäle durch Form und Abmessungen des Schaufelfußes gebunden. Dient das Verfahren z. B. zur Herstellung von Schaufeln, deren_ Schaufelfluß eine verhältnismäßig schmale Hinterseite hat,- wie es für den bekannten Tannenzapfenfuß zutrifft, und sol-Ien die Kanäle an der. Hinterseite münden, dann muß der Durchmesser der Kanäle kleiner sein als die Breite der dort verfügbaren Fläche. Man kann dann den Durchmesser der-Kühlkanäle oft nicht so groß machen, wie es der Querschnitt des Fußes am Schaufelblatt erlauben würde, und gelangt zu einer schlecht gekühlten Schaufel; denn mit abnehmendem Durchmesser sinkt die Kühlfläche, während zugleich die Wandstärke zwischen Kühlfläche und Außenfläche und der Strömungswiderstand für die Kühlluft zunehmen. It is known to produce internally cooled metal blades for turbines and compressors in such a way that that one starts from a molding, which is arranged according to the position of the cooling channels, one deformable and later removable filler containing longitudinal bores is provided, and these Shaped molding by extrusion to the blade, but leaves a pressed residue from which then the blade root is carved out. With this method you have the choice of the width of the cooling channels bound by the shape and dimensions of the blade root. If the method z. B. for the production of blades, whose_ blade flow has a relatively narrow rear - like it applies to the well-known pine cone foot, and should the channels at the. Open at the back, then must the diameter of the channels must be smaller than the width of the area available there. Then you can the diameter of the cooling channels often do not make as large as the cross-section of the root on the blade would allow, and arrives at a poorly cooled shovel; because with decreasing diameter the cooling surface decreases, while at the same time the wall thickness between the cooling surface and the outer surface and the flow resistance for the cooling air increases.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das bekannte Verfahren so umzugestalten, daß man von der Bindung des Durchmessers der Kühlkanäle an Form und Abmessungen des. Fußes freikommt. Gemäß der Erfindung werden die Längsbohrungen in den Formling nur so tief gebohrt, daß sie noch innerhalb des späteren Schaufelfußes enden, und sie werden nach dem Strangpressen entweder durch mindestens eine Querbohrung mit einer seitlichen Schaufelfußfläche oder durch Längsbohrungen der hinteren Schaufelfußfläche verbunden. Bei diesem Verfahren kann man den Durchmesser ' -r Kühlkanäle im Blatt unbeschränkt so wählen, wi-" ■s für die Kühlung am günstigsten ist. Lediglich bei Ier Bemessung der Ouerbohrung oder der Längsbohrungen im Schaufelfuß ist man an dessen Abmessungen und Form gebunden. Diese Bohrungen sind jedoch kurz und wirken überdies an der Kühlung praktisch nicht mit. Die beim Strangpressen unvermeidliche Verlagerung der Bohrungen, die deren Lage unbestimmt macht, wird dadurch unschädlich, daß die Längsbohrungen innerhalb des späteren Schaufelfußes enden. Damit sind die inneren Enden dieser Bohrungen der Einwirkung des Strangpressens entzogen, und es besteht keine Ungewißheit über ihre Lage, so daß die später im Fuß hergestellten Bohrungen mit Sicherheit auf die Kanäle treffen.The invention has for its object to redesign the known method so that one of the Binding of the diameter of the cooling channels to the shape and dimensions of the foot is released. According to the Invention, the longitudinal holes in the molding are only drilled so deep that they are still within the Later blade root end, and they are after extrusion either by at least one Cross hole with a lateral blade root surface or through longitudinal holes in the rear blade root surface connected. With this method, the diameter of the cooling channels in the sheet can be unlimited choose what is most favorable for cooling. Only when dimensioning the outer bore or of the longitudinal bores in the blade root one is bound to its dimensions and shape. These holes however, they are short and, moreover, have practically no effect on cooling. The one in extrusion unavoidable displacement of the bores, which makes their position indefinite, is thereby rendered harmless, that the longitudinal bores end within the later blade root. That’s the inner ends of these bores removed from extrusion control and there is no uncertainty about theirs Position, so that the holes made later in the foot with certainty hit the channels.

Es ist bekannt, bei der Herstellung von Ventilen für Brennkraftmaschinen mit Kupferseele ein Sack-It is known that in the manufacture of valves for internal combustion engines with a copper core, a bag

°°^ΡΥ BAD ORliSiNAL°° ^ΡΥ BAD ORliSiNAL

Verfahren zur Herstellung von innengekühlten Metallsdiaufeln für -Turbinen und KompressorenProcess for the production of internally cooled metal blades for turbines and compressors

. Anmelder:. Applicant:

Henry Wiggin & Company Limited, LondonHenry Wiggin & Company Limited, London

Vertreter: Dr.-Ing. G. Eichenberg, Patentanwalt, Düsseldorf, Cecilienallee 76Representative: Dr.-Ing. G. Eichenberg, patent attorney, Düsseldorf, Cecilienallee 76

Beanspruchte Priorität: Großbritannien vom 26. Oktober 1955 und 24. September 1Claimed Priority: Great Britain October 26, 1955 and September 24, 1955

Alexander Barbour Graham, Thornliebank, Glasgo und Philip George Turner, Inkberrow₁ Worcestersh (Großbritannien), sind als Erfinder genannt wordenAlexander Barbour Graham, Thornliebank, Glasgo and Philip George Turner, Inkberrow ₁ Worcestersh (Great Britain), have been named as inventors

2525th

loch in einen Formling zu bohren, in dieses Li einen Kupferkern zu legen und das Ganze dann < Strangpressung zu unterwerfen, wobei der spät Ventilteller als Preßrest zurückbleibt. Bei dies Verfahren ergibt sich die Anwendung eines Sackloc unmittelbar aus der Tatsache, daß die Kupferseele den Körper des Ventils vollständig eingeschlos: werden soll. Demgegenüber liegt es bei Schaufeln 1 Kühlkanälen gerade umgekehrt, weil die Kanäle d vom einen zum anderen Ende durchlaufen soll Überdies steht den beiden weiteren Schritten ι Verfahrens nach der Erfindung, nämlich der ] Streckung der in den Formling gebohrten Löcher in den späteren Schaufelfuß und der Herstellung -v Bohrungen im Schaufelfuß nach dem Straugpress bei dem bekannten Verfahren zur Herstellung \ Ventilen nichts Vergleichbares gegenüber.To drill a hole in a molding, to put a copper core in this Li and then to subject the whole thing to extrusion, whereby the valve disk remains as a pressed residue. In this method, the use of a Sackloc results directly from the fact that the copper core is intended to be completely enclosed around the body of the valve. In contrast, it is exactly the other way around with blades 1 cooling channels, because the channels d should run from one end to the other. Furthermore, there are two further steps ι method according to the invention, namely the] stretching of the holes drilled in the molding in the later blade root and production -v holes in the blade root after the Straugpress in the known method of manufacturing \ valves nothing comparable.

Das Verfahren nach der Erfindung kann dadui zweckmäßig ausgestaltet werden, daß die Entfernu des Füllstoffes, die insbesondere durch Säurebehai lung geschieht, nach der Herstellung der Ouerbt rung oder der Längsbohrungen vorgenommen wi Diese Maßnahme dient der Beschleunigung, weil 1 auflösende Säure auch durch die Bohrung oder Bc rungen im Schaufelfuß eindringen und mithin v zwei Seiten her angreifen kann.The method according to the invention can be designed expediently that the removal of the filler, which happens in particular by Säurebehai treatment, after the production of the Ouerbt tion or the longitudinal bores carried out wi This measure is used to accelerate, because 1 Dissolving acid can also penetrate through the bore or bores in the blade root and thus v can attack two sides.

Claims

3 43 4

The method according to the invention is below 'drilled that it at the same time all blind holes 2 mitein-

ti hand of the drawn embodiment in the other connects. The foot can then go through

explained in detail. In the drawing, milling shows how to be shaped like a pine cone

Fig. 1 is the initial workpiece of the method indicated in dash-dotted lines.

jns forming molding, 5 The process steps described are followed by dio

2 shows the same molding after extrusion removal of the filler. Does the shovel pass

; n,. an alloy consisting mainly of nickel and chromium,

Fig. 3 the foot brought into the shape of a pine cone, optionally also cobalt and also aluminum

he blade according to Fig. 2 and - contains nium unri- titanium, thus an alloy made

. Fig. 4 is a blade root somewhat modified type io ringer creep, it is as filler purpose -

The molding shown in Fig. 1 is a cuboid 1. moderately an iron-manganese-titanium alloy is used, the cross-section is chosen so that it can be removed with the The filler can then be removed by dissolving the base of the blade to be produced by dissolving in acid. This is best done after the agreed, apart from the last machining, drilling of holes 9 or 12, so that the acid through which the foot gets its exact shape. 15 these holes enter and the filler also through anti this molding are four blind holes 2 so deep reaching from the blade root can dissolve,
In general, it is advisable to extend the blind holes of the Ormlings, which later forms the foot and to produce in the molding by drilling. Yet it is within the dashed line 3. DieLöcher2 also possible ^r ground by extrusion then charged as a molding with a filler. 20 to use the strand produced before the

The molding is then placed in the receptacle of an extrusion press provided with filled-in holes, the shape of which was transverse.
: cut of the molding is precisely adapted while

ie opening the die by the overall shape of Ling claims:

ruptures, in its cross-section essentially with 25

em that of the blade coincides. The 1st process for the production of internally cooled Ormling is pressed through this die only over a th metal blades for turbines and Kompreseil its length, namely the pressing sensors by extrusion of a molding with 1 interrupted the moment in which so much according to the Position of the cooling channels arranged. Iaterial located within the receiver, as 30 a deformable and later removable Füllir the foot is necessary. The result of this step is shown in Fig. 2 containing longitudinal bores for the blade. The workpiece consists of sheet metal except for a pressed residue, from which the in now from a blade foot forming the blade is then worked out, characterized by 4 and a foot 5. Inside the shaft 4 indicates that the longitudinal bores (2) in the butt originally circular holes 2 the shape 35 molding (1) are only drilled so deep that they are assumed to be on channels 6 with an elliptical cross-section within the later blade root (5). Within the foot 5, however, the ends have changed, and that they have not changed after the extrusion or the position of the holes 2. The nut 5, neither through at least one transverse bore (12), is then brought, by forging, onto the shape 7 according to FIG. 40 (9) connected to the rear blade root surface or steps 8 are then milled into the side surfaces.

3 that the well-known pine cone shape is created. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that

indungslöcher 9 of relatively small diameter indicates that the removal of the filler,

Eaters are thereupon from the narrow end face 10 in particular by acid treatment, after the

it is drilled from the pine cone foot so deep that it is 45 in the production of the transverse bore (12) or the

he holes 2 open. You can make longitudinal bores (9) from the front.

it is drilled at any angle

'earth. All that matters is that they are in the

, öcher 2 merge. I «Publications considered:

In the modification of FIG. 4, a single 50 United States Patent No. 2,093,776;

Larger hole 12 from the side of the foot 11 so called "Metal Industry" of June 25, 1954. p. 55.

1 sheet of drawings

COPYCOPY

& 909 558/132 6.59& 909 558/132 6.59