DE1038695B - Detergents and cleaning agents - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

Liquid organic soap-free detergents have certain advantages in terms of convenience the application and are widely used for lighter cleaning work, such as. B. Dishwashing and washing lightly soiled textiles. However, it has proven difficult to put together liquid cleaning agents suitable for rough washing purposes, e.g. B. for that Washing heavily soiled cotton towels, making powdered organic soap-free detergents are widely preferred for these purposes. To be successful with powdered To be able to compete with detergents for rough laundry, a liquid agent would have to be highly concentrated be, have good cleaning power and also have the pronounced ability, to prevent dirt removed during washing from being drawn back onto the laundry. To achieve a good cleaning ability, the agent should in addition to one or more synthetic detergents contain a water-soluble condensed phosphate. However, that tends to Presence of a considerable amount of condensed phosphate in liquid means causes excretion to induce the synthetic detergent out of solution at room temperature. This adversely affects the appearance of the agent and reduces the effectiveness of any liquid which is to be used could be withdrawn without thoroughly mixing the agent.

It has now been found that by incorporating both a lower alkali alkylbenzenesulfonate and a fatty acid alkanolamide in liquid detergents containing a higher one Potassium alkyl aryl sulfonate and either tetrapotassium pyrophosphate or pentapotassium tripolyphosphate in aqueous medium, where all components are present in certain specific proportions, highly concentrated Agents can be produced which are homogeneous at room temperature.

The cleaning agents according to the invention contain in the form of a clear, homogeneous aqueous solution about 10 weight percent of a higher potassium alkylarylsulfonate of the general formula

Detergents and cleaning agents

Applicant:
Unilever NV, Rotterdam (Netherlands)

Representative: Dr.-Ing. A. van der Werth, patent attorney,
Hamburg-Harburg 1, Wilstorfer Str. 32

Claimed priority:
V. St. v. America October 5, 1955

Frank Emery Carroll, Glen Rock, NJ (V. St. Α.),
has been named as the inventor

acid of the general formula

-SO ₃ K

wherein χ is a number from 1 to 5 and R is an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms and at least one of the R groups contains not less than 8 carbon atoms; about 7 weight percent sodium or potassium salt of a lower alkylbenzenesulfone SO ₃ H

wherein R 'is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and R "is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and R 'and R" can be united to form a ring; about 20 Ge ^ weight percent tetrapotassium pyrophosphate or pentapotassium tripolyphosphate; and about 4 to 7 percent by weight Fatty acid monoalkanolamide with 8 to 12 carbon atoms in the acyl radical or one Condensation product of one mole of a fatty acid alkanolamide with about 8 to 12 carbon atoms in the acyl radical with 1 mole of ethylene oxide, or about 2 to about 10 percent by weight of fatty acid dialkanolamide with about 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the acyl radical.

Higher potassium alkylarylsulfonates which can be used are, for example: potassium tertiary octylbenzenesulfonate, Potassium kerylbenzenesulfonates, as obtained by condensing kerosene with benzene and sulfonating the Product obtained, potassium nonylbenzenesulfonate, potassium nonyltoluenesulfonate, potassium dodecyltoluenesulfonate, Potassium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and potassium higher alkylbenzenesulfonates of the structural formula

AVj C Xl C XI2 ~ - Ivj

- SO "K

809 637/475

wherein R ₁ and R _{2 are} alkyl groups, at least one of which is a polypropylene group, and the entire side chain contains about 12 to 15 carbon atoms. The preferred compound is potassium dodecyl (propylene tetramer) benzene sulfonate.

Usable lower alkali alkylbenzenesulfonates are, for example, sodium and potassium xylene sulfonates, Sodium and potassium toluenesulfonates, sodium and potassium ethylbenzenesulfonates, sodium and potassium cumene sulfonates and sodium and potassium tetralin sulfonates.

The alkanolamides which can be used in the agents of the invention are, for example, lauric isopropanolamide, Laurin diethanolamide, capric diethanolamide, monoethanolamide from a l: l mixture of Caprylic and capric acid, monoethanolamides of fatty acids of coconut oil, diethanolamides of the Fatty acids of sebum and the condensation products of one mole of either lauric monoethanolamide or lauric isopropanolamide with one mole of ethylene oxide. A mixture is preferably used, and about 3 percent by weight of lauric isopropanolamide and about 4 percent by weight of lauric diethanolamide.

The agents of the invention may, if desired, minor proportions of an alkali such as potassium hydroxide contain, to adjust the _pH value to a suitable value. They may also contain an amount of up to 4 weight percent water-soluble alkali silicate, provided that the _pH value of the solution is adjusted to 11.4 or higher by the addition of alkali, in order to keep the silicate in solution.

The agents of the invention can also contain smaller proportions of other conventional additives to cleaning agents including perfumes, paints, optical brighteners and the like without affecting their properties are significantly impaired. The presence of small amounts of inorganic salts, e.g. B. such, which can be introduced as impurities with the other components is permissible, but these proportions should be kept at a minimum.

The liquid detergents of the invention can by dissolving the solid components in water optionally be produced with the application of heat.

The following examples illustrate the invention.

example 1

A liquid cleaning agent was made according to the following approach:

Potassium dodecyl (tetrapropylene benzene sulfonate 10.0

Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 20.0

Sodium xylene sulfonate 6.5

Lauric diethanolamide 7.0

Water 56.5

This agent formed a clear, homogeneous liquid even after storage at temperatures up to to 4 ° C.

Example 2

A liquid cleaning agent was made according to the following approach:

Potassium dodecyl (tetrapropylene benzene sulfonate 10.0

Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 20.0

Sodium xylene sulfonate 6.5

Lauric isopropanolamide 3.2

Lauric diethanolamide 3.8

Water 56.5

Weight percent

Percent by weight This agent formed a clear, homogeneous liquid at room temperature (22 to 24 ^° C.). It became cloudy after storage for 16 hours at 4 ° C, but became clear again on subsequent standing at room temperature.

The composition had excellent cleaning power according to a standard Terg-O-Tometer test using artificially soiled cotton test cloths. The remedy was at one concentration ίο of 0.26 percent by weight in water of 180 parts hardness applied to 1 million parts, and the washing time was 20 minutes at 49 ° C.

Example 3

A liquid cleaning agent was made according to the following approach:

Weight percent

Potassium dodecyl (tetrapropylene benzene sulfonate 10.0

Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 20.0

Sodium tetralin sulfonate 6.7

Lauric isopropanolamide 3.2

Lauric diethanolamide 3.8

Water 56.3

This agent formed a clear and homogeneous liquid at room temperature (22 to 24 ° C). It became cloudy when left to stand for 1 hour at 4 ° C, but became again when allowed to stand subsequently clear at room temperature.

Example 4

A liquid cleaning agent was made according to the following approach:

Weight percent potassium dodecyl (tetrapropylene) -

benzenesulfonate 10.0

Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 20.0

Sodium xylene sulfonate 6.5

The condensation product of 1 mole of lauric monoethanolamide with 1 mole

Ethylene oxide 7.0

Water 56.5

This agent formed a clear, homogeneous liquid at room temperature (22 to 24 ° C). It was Cloudy after standing for 1 hour at 4 ° C, but when subsequently standing at room temperature clear again.

Example 5

A liquid cleaning agent was made according to the following approach:

Weight percent potassium dodecyl (tetrapropylene) -

benzenesulfonate 10.0

Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 20.0

Sodium xylene sulfonate 7.5

Lauric isopropanolamide 3.2

Lauric diethanalamide 3.8

Potassium silicate (30%) 12.0

Water 43.5

, Sufficient potassium hydroxide to give a _pH value of 12.1

This agent formed a clear, homogeneous liquid at room temperature (22 to 24 ° C). 65

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. Cleaning agent in the form of a clear 7 "homogeneous aqueous solution consisting of about (1) 10 weight percent higher potassium alkyl aryl sulfonate the general formula [R- , -SO, K wherein χ is a number from 1 to 5 and R is an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms and at least one of the R groups contains not less than 8 carbon atoms; (2) about 7 percent by weight sodium or potassium salt of a lower alkylbenzenesulfonic acid of the general formula R "- wherein R 'is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and R "is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and R 'and R "may combine to form a ring; (3) about 20 weight percent tetrapotassium pyrophosphate or pentapotassium tripolyphosphate; and (4) about 4 to about 7 weight percent fatty acid monoalkanolamide with 8 to ^ carbon atoms in the acyl radical or a condensation product of one mole of fatty acid alkanolamide having about 8 to 12 carbon atoms in the acyl radical with 1 mole of ethylene-5 oxide, or about 2 to about 10 percent by weight Fatty acid dialkanolamide with about 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the acyl radical. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the higher potassium alkylarylsulfonate ίο is potassium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, being the dodecyl group is derived from tetramerized propylene. 3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is about 3 percent by weight Contains lauric isopropanolamide and about 4 percent by weight of lauric diethanolamide. 4. Agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is also up to contains 4 percent by weight alkali metal silicate, the pjj value of the agent being at least 11.4. Considered publications:
U.S. Patent Nos. 2,383,737, 2,581,677, 618,607. © & 09 6Ϊ7 / 475 9.58