DE10352186A1 - Motor vehicle, has valve control device switched into raised position for raising body of vehicle and/or switched into lowered position for lowering vehicle body using suspension/damping device - Google Patents

Abstract

The The invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, with a suspension (42) for each vehicle wheel (43) for suspending the respectively associated vehicle wheel (43). Furthermore, a suspension and / or damping device (1; 15; 40), each between the suspension (42) a vehicle wheel (43) and a vehicle body (41) is. By means of at least one sensor device can predetermined Accident parameters, in particular predetermined collision parameters of a potential collision opponent, as an accident signal in advance of a possible Accident, in particular a possible collision with the collision opponent, be detected, wherein at least one control device that of the sensor device detected accident signal in dependence processed by the recorded accident parameters into a control signal, towards the vehicle body (41) if necessary by means of the suspension and / or damping device (1; 15; 40) can be raised and / or lowered to an optimal accident position. At least according to the invention a valve control device (3; 22; 58; 96; 101) is provided which on the one hand with the suspension and / or damping device (1, 15; 40; 69; 88; 89; 110; 112) and on the other hand with the at least one Control device is coupled, such that the valve control device (3; 22; 58; 96; 101) according to the present control signal the control device lifting and / or lowering the vehicle body (41; ...

Description

The The invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.

From the DE 199 23 708 A1 a generic motor vehicle is known which has a suspension for each vehicle wheel for suspending the respective associated vehicle wheel. A suspension and / or damping device is arranged in each case between the wheel suspension of a vehicle wheel and a vehicle body. In addition, at least one sensor device is provided for detecting predetermined accident parameters, in particular predetermined collision parameters of a potential collision opponent, as an accident signal in advance of a possible accident, in particular a possible collision with the collision opponent. At least one control device processes the accident signal detected by the sensor device as a function of the detected accident parameters into a control signal to which the vehicle body can be raised and / or lowered if necessary by means of the suspension and / or damping device into an optimal accident position.

Concrete is in this motor vehicle lifting and / or lowering the Vehicle body by means of the suspension and / or damping device carried out. In this case, by means of the sensor device, the collision area of Motor vehicle determined with a collision opponent before the collision, so that according to the determined collision area a positional adjustment the vehicle body is effected at least on the collision side. As collision parameters are by means of the sensor device, the Direction of movement, the distance and / or the speed of a approaching the motor vehicle detected by another vehicle or other object and as a collision signal in the control device with a correspondingly programmed logic circuit processed to the control signal. Thus, the vehicle body in the raised and / or lowered optimal collision position, so that thereby the passive safety devices arranged on the motor vehicle, such as B. the side members at a frontal collision or the side skirts in a side collision, can develop their optimal effect.

Furthermore, from the DE 100 64 249 A1 a motor vehicle is known, which has a similar structure as the generic motor vehicle described above. Again, by means of a control device, the distance of the vehicle body to the vehicle wheels in the presence of a corresponding signal, which was generated by the sensor device due to detected collision parameters set, so that thus a selected collision point and a selected orientation of the vehicle body can be achieved. Thus, the passive safety devices of the motor vehicle can also be used optimally here.

Out WO 99/38718 is a motor vehicle with a suspension and / or attenuator known to be the concern of one out of regular driving hardened acceleration signal at least for individual vehicle wheels or can be locked. Thus, a so-called. Aufschaukeleffekt the Vehicle body, as for example in a full braking can occur due to an extremely negative acceleration. Any adverse reactions caused by the upswing effect the vehicle body or the entire motor vehicle can thus be avoided.

task The invention is a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle to deal with in the event of a potential collision of the vehicle functionally safe with another vehicle or object and with simple means lifting and / or lowering the vehicle body is possible.

These The object is achieved with the features of claim 1.

According to claim 1, at least one valve control device is provided, on the one hand with the suspension and / or damping device and on the other hand coupled to the at least one control device is. In this case, the valve control device causes according to the present control signal of the control means lifting and / or Lowering the vehicle body by means of the suspension and / or damping device. In this case, the valve control device for lifting the vehicle body by means of the suspension and / or damping device in a Lift position or for a lowering of the vehicle body by means of the suspension and / or attenuator switchable to a lowered position.

It is advantageous in the case of this motor vehicle that the valve control device reliably and reliably effects raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body. Preferably, by means of the valve control device, a simple and reliable switching over from a basic position into the lifting position or lowered position is possible, so that a functionally reliable raising or lowering of the vehicle body can be carried out in accordance with the present control signal of the control device. Thus, for example, in an imminent side collision, which is detected by means of the sensor device by a correspondingly generated collision signal, the vehicle is reliable on Due to the switching of the valve control device from the basic position to the lifting position of the vehicle body of the motor vehicle by means of the suspension and / or damping device are raised, so that the sill area of the motor vehicle is hit by the collision opponent and thus the main load path of the collision opponent by the front bumper and the two side members is formed to meet the threshold range of the motor vehicle for optimal energy absorption, whereby the occupant load can be advantageously reduced. Thus, by raising and / or lowering the vehicle body in the optimal collision position, the relevant load paths of the passive safety devices are activated, so that, for example, an over or under driving the side members or sill areas is avoided. During normal driving operation of the motor vehicle, the valve control device is in the basic position, so that by means of the suspension and / or damping device, a suspension / damping can be carried out in a conventional manner.

through the sensor device can For example, the direction of movement and / or the distance and / or the speed of approaching the motor vehicle other vehicle or other object as a collision parameter be recorded. But also the object angle and / or geometric Parameters of the object can as collision parameters are sensed by the sensor device.

Next the collision parameters dependent on a collision opponent can Overall, by means of at least one sensor device Generally accident parameters are detected, so that with the vehicle according to the invention on all possible accident situations, such. B. a rollover as a rollover Need with lifting and / or lowering of the vehicle body in one optimal accident position can be responded. Because the accident parameters even in the run-up to a possible accident, for example with corresponding pre-crash sensors as a sensor device detected can be can by raising and / or lowering the vehicle also a Avoidance of the accident can be achieved. If z. B. an imminent Rollover of the vehicle detected by the sensor device, so can by lowering the vehicle, the center of gravity of the same in the direction Lane be lowered. As a result, the vehicle stability is increased, so that the upcoming rollover can be avoided. Basically, generally in critical driving situations, lowering the vehicle body to the possible Avoidance of accident. In the other versions is preferably a collision with a collision opponent respectively exemplified, wherein but a corresponding transmission to any other conceivable accident situation, even without external involvement, is included.

In In a preferred embodiment, the at least one valve control device pneumatically and / or hydraulically and / or magnetically and / or electrically actuated be. Thus, is independent from the choice of operation the valve control device is a functionally safe switching of the Basic position in the lifting position or in the lowered position of Valve control device feasible. To the optimum collision position of the vehicle body as possible to be able to adjust individually can in a preferred embodiment the suspension and / or damping device each vehicle wheel according to a valve control device be coupled, so depending on the present control signal of the control device, for example only lifting or lowering the vehicle body on a vehicle wheel carried out becomes. It is also conceivable that, for example, on a vehicle the vehicle body is lowered and corresponding to another vehicle wheel the vehicle body is raised. Overall, with the lifting and / or lowering the vehicle body by means of the suspension and / or attenuator an optimal collision position of the motor vehicle can be achieved, then that the occupant load are reduced accordingly advantageous can. If a collision with a pedestrian is detected, then the Orientation of the optimal collision position accordingly by means of the control device selected be that the vehicle body is optimally aligned for the pedestrian, so that accordingly the burden on the pedestrian can be reduced.

In a specific embodiment, the suspension and / or damping device may be formed by an air spring device. In addition, at least one energy storage device may be provided, by means of which, in the raised position of the valve control device, at least partial release of the energy of the energy accumulator means that the vehicle body can be raised. Furthermore, at least one air release valve may be provided as part of the valve control device, which can be opened controlled at least in the lowered position of the valve control device for a lowering of the vehicle body. In a simple and correspondingly preferred embodiment, the air release valve can be integrated directly in the air spring device. Thus, by means of the air spring device as a suspension and / or damping device of the motor vehicle, the raising or lowering of the vehicle body can be performed. Additional components such. B. a separate lifting device for raising or lowering the vehicle body can be omitted advantageous here. With the valve control Direction is a functionally reliable switching from the basic position in the lifting position or lowered position possible, so that a correspondingly functionally reliable lifting or lowering of the vehicle body by means of the air spring device can be performed. In order to accelerate the lowering process, a suction device can be provided in addition to the air release valve, by means of which air can be sucked out of the air spring device for lowering the vehicle body. Basically, the lowering can also be supported by compressed air.

In In a preferred embodiment, the at least one energy storage device by at least one pressure vessel be formed in the compressed air for raising the vehicle body is storable. Thus, immediately in the presence of the corresponding Control signal of the control device, the increase of the vehicle body carried out be, because at any time compressed air as "energy" for the lifting of the vehicle body is available.

In a further embodiment At least one compressor may be provided by means of which the Air spring device in the basic position of the valve control device If necessary, can be acted upon with compressed air. In addition, the valve control device be switched to a storage position in the compressed air means of the compressor in the pressure vessel is storable. Thus, the compressor is on the one hand in the normal Driving for a supply of the air spring device used with compressed air. On the other hand, the compressor after a lifting of the vehicle body, by a collision signal sensed by the sensor device triggered was, for be used, that the pressure vessel again with appropriately Compressed air filled is added so that the air spring device for further lifting one next used again by the sensor device collision signal is. The valve control device is doing to save the Compressed air by means of the compressor in the pressure vessel in the storage position switched. After storing the compressed air in the pressure vessel the valve control device is switched to the basic position, the while the normal driving operation of the motor vehicle preferably maintained becomes. Only in the presence of another control signal of the control device can the valve control device, for example, in the raised position be switched so that by means of compressed air, which from the pressure vessel flows into the air spring device, the vehicle body raised can be. in principle can only be a pressure vessel be provided with the air spring device of each vehicle wheel coupled, but it is also conceivable that for each air spring device each vehicle wheel a separate pressure vessel is provided.

In an alternative embodiment the at least one energy storage device can be replaced by a Gas generator be formed. Here, too, is available immediately a corresponding control signal of the control device by the gas generated by the gas generator corresponding to "energy" for lifting of the vehicle body available. In each case one gas generator per vehicle wheel or per vehicle axle be used. But it is also conceivable that only a single Gas generator for the lifting and / or lowering of the vehicle body is provided. To an insert of the gas generator for lifting the vehicle body is for Recovering the operational readiness of the gas generator replaced. in principle it is possible the gas generator with the pressure vessel as energy storage device to combine or that, for example, space-related to the front wheels of the Motor vehicle gas generators are used and on the rear wheels of the Motor vehicle each a pressure vessel with the air spring device coupled, so that a total of all four vehicle wheels Lifting the vehicle body can be performed.

The Suspension and / or damping device can also in a further embodiment include a hydraulic telescopic shock absorber. It can at least one energy storage device be provided by means of in the raised position of the valve control device hydraulic fluid in the telescopic shock absorber below at least partial release of the energy of the energy store can be transferred for a Lifting the vehicle body. In the lowered position of the valve control device can hydraulic fluid out of the telescopic shock absorber dischargeable be for a lowering of the vehicle body. This is with the telescopic shock absorber (leading or not a leader) usually Used component of the suspension and / or damping device in motor vehicles for a raising or lowering of the vehicle body used.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one energy storage device may be formed by an at least two-chamber pressure vessel, wherein in a first pressure vessel chamber hydraulic fluid can be stored and in a second pressure vessel chamber, a compressible gas cushion is provided. The two pressure vessel chambers are preferably separated from each other by a membrane element. Thus, with an increase in the amount of hydraulic fluid in the first pressure vessel chamber, the gas cushion can be compressed to absorb energy and in the raised position of the valve control device can Hydraulic fluid under at least partial relaxation of the gas cushion in the telescopic shock absorbers be transferred for lifting the vehicle body. In the basic position of the valve control device, the gas cushion in the second pressure vessel chamber is relatively strongly compressed for operational readiness of the telescopic shock absorber for lifting the vehicle body, wherein a corresponding amount of hydraulic fluid is stored in the first pressure vessel chamber. If, due to a present control signal of the control device, the valve control device is switched to the lifting position, the hydraulic fluid stored in the first pressure vessel chamber flows into the telescopic shock absorber, so that the vehicle body is raised by means of the telescopic shock absorber. The overflow of the hydraulic fluid from the first pressure vessel chamber in the telescopic shock absorber is supported by the simultaneous relaxation of the gas cushion in the second pressure vessel chamber. The membrane element between the first pressure vessel chamber and the second pressure vessel chamber is designed so flexible that during the relaxation of the gas cushion in the raised position of the valve control device, the released "energy" is transferred to the hydraulic fluid.

In In a preferred development, at least one pump device can be provided be provided by means of the hydraulic fluid at least in the normal position or in the lowered position of the valve control device into the pressure vessel can be transferred for one increase the hydraulic fluid quantity and thus for a compression of the gas cushion. Thus, for example, after a lifting of the vehicle body, by an accordingly present Control signal of the control device has been triggered, the pressure vessel again filled with the appropriate amount of hydraulic fluid, so that at a next Presence of a control signal of the control means, a next raising of the Vehicle construction carried out can be. When storing the hydraulic fluid by means of the pump device in the pressure vessel or in the first pressure vessel chamber this will be in the second pressure vessel chamber present gas cushion compressed according to energy consumption, so that at a next Lifting the vehicle body the gas cushion will be relaxed accordingly which allows the transfer of the hydraulic fluid from the pressure vessel is supported in the telescopic shock absorbers.

In a further embodiment At least one expansion tank can be provided in the at least in the lowered position of the valve control device hydraulic fluid from the telescopic shock absorber is convertible and / or from the at least in the normal position or in the lowered position the valve control device hydraulic fluid can be transferred into the pressure vessel. Thus, by means of the expansion tank, a closed hydraulic circuit are formed by the hydraulic fluid in dependence the position of the valve control device in the telescopic shock absorber over or dissipated can be. The amount needed for lifting, for example on hydraulic fluid can also be in the expansion tank at least cached.

In a concrete embodiment, the telescopic shock absorber a comprise in a cylinder displaceable piston, which is preferably controllable damper valves having. Thus, by means of the damper valves at a shift opposite the piston the cylinder a displacement resistance can be adjusted. Thereby can vary depending on the position of the damper valves the raising or lowering of the vehicle body accelerates or be slowed down. This is, for example, especially at the end a lifting of the vehicle body damping of the lifting movement possible, so that thereby an adverse overshoot the lifting movement can be avoided.

In a further embodiment can the suspension and / or damping device a cylinder-piston unit comprising a cylinder, in which a piston is slidably received. Inside the cylinder are each adjacent to the piston, a piston bottom working space and a Piston rod working space can be formed. Thus, for the suspension and / or damping device a regularly used Cylinder-piston unit proposed which are controlled either hydraulically or pneumatically can.

In a preferred development may be on the cylinder overflow be provided by means of the piston crown working space and the Piston rod working space fluidly connected are. The overflow line can have an overflow valve, which is closable when lifting or lowering the vehicle body. Thus, in a switching of the valve control device of the Basic position, for example, in the lowered position by closing the overflow valve in the overflow line a functionally reliable lowering of the vehicle body are performed. While a normal driving operation of the motor vehicle, the spill valve fully or partially open be, so that thereby a springs / dampening of the vehicle body is possible. Basically here by a controlled opening or Close the overflow valve the suspension / damping of Cylinder-piston unit can be adjusted.

In a further embodiment, with the cylinder, a lifting line and a Absenklei be flow connected. The lifting line can have a lifting valve as part of the valve control device and the lowering line a lowering valve as part of the valve control device. Thus, in response to the control signal of the control device by means of the raising valve and the lowering valve, the raising or lowering of the vehicle body feasible. Thus, if the valve control device is switched, for example, from the basic position, in which both the lifting valve and the lowering valve are closed, into the lowered position, then at least the lowering valve of the lowering line is opened, so that by means of the cylinder-piston unit and a corresponding displacement of the piston Within the cylinder, a lowering of the vehicle body can be performed.

In a preferred embodiment can the suspension and / or damping device additionally for one Level control and / or for a pitch and / or roll compensation of the vehicle be used. In this case, by means of the valve control device from a basic position in a lifting position or a lowered position for a level control of Vehicles are switched. It will be advantageous for a level control the released by means of the valve control device volume flow relative kept low, where for a collision-induced raising or lowering of the vehicle body for a correspondingly fast raising or lowering a relatively large volume flow is released. Analog is a pitch and / or roll compensation for the vehicle controlled by means of the valve control device accordingly Suspension and / or damping device possible. in principle can additionally to the suspension and / or damping device Component components may be provided which are for operating the level control and / or of pitch and / or roll compensation are necessary.

In a further embodiment may be immediately at the beginning of the collision-related Lifting and / or lowering the vehicle body a relatively lower flow resistance be adjustable to the valve control device. Immediately at the end of Lifting and / or lowering the vehicle body can be a relative greater Flow resistance of Be adjustable valve control device. Thus is immediately available a corresponding control signal of the control means lifting and / or lowering the vehicle body due to the low flow resistance the valve control device possible. Just before completion of, for example, lifting the vehicle body becomes the flow resistance the valve control device increases, so that a ringing the vehicle body at the end of the lifting movement hereby advantageous can be avoided. For determining the time-based end of the raising or lowering movement may preferably be a timer corresponding to the valve control device be coupled.

According to one another embodiment the at least one sensor device by a pre-crash sensor and / or be formed by an early-crash sensor. For one Functionally reliable detection of an impending collision can thereby For example, a sensor device according to the radar principle works, be used. Basically, any type of sensor device, with the functionally reliable detection of the predetermined collision parameters of the potential collision opponent is possible to be used. The detection of the respectively given collision parameters of the potential Collision opponent is already close to collision, so that at the time of collision, the vehicle body already in the optimal collision position has been raised and / or lowered. The sensor device can in this case, for example, according to the infrared principle and / or with Cameras with image processing and / or working on the laser principle. If cameras are used as sensor devices, these can be formed by 3D cameras be.

In a development may be the raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body be reversible and / or partially reversible and / or irreversible feasible. Dependent on the embodiment the suspension and / or damping device with appropriately assigned valve control device can after a lifting and / or lowering of the vehicle body, for example by partial replacement of components the operational readiness of the Suspension and / or damping device for a next lift and / or lowering the vehicle body are restored. For example, if the energy storage device as a gas generator executed so may after lifting and / or lowering the vehicle body the gas generator are replaced, so that so the suspension / damping device for a next lift and / or lowering the vehicle body is reusable, so that the suspension and / or attenuator is partially reversible.

In a further embodiment, the at least one control device can determine a second control signal for a braking device of the vehicle in addition to a first control signal for the suspension and / or damping device. Thus, in addition to raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body, a deceleration of the vehicle is feasible. If, in the presence of a correspondingly sensed by the sensor device collision signal in addition to the first control signal for the suspension and / or damping device, a second control signal for the braking device of Vehicle determined, it can thus, for example in an impending head-on collision, the vehicle speed are lowered so that the severity of the accident is thereby advantageously reduced. If an imminent side collision is detected, the impact of the collision opponent, for example, from the passenger compartment into the area of the front fender can be moved by the initiated braking process, whereby the load on the occupants is advantageously lowered. In this case, a compensation of the brake nod is additionally possible by a corresponding control of the valve control device and thus by means of the suspension and / or damping device.

In one next embodiment can communication means be provided on the vehicle, with which a communication between the vehicle and a potential collision opponent is feasible. Thus, depending on this communication result between the vehicle and the collision opponent a lift and / or lowering decision are made for the vehicle. In a preferred embodiment This communication can be achieved in particular by radio communication be formed. This is also a capture of the potential Collision opponent possible, if this is still hidden in a view from the vehicle Is in the area in which, for example, with optical sensors, a detection not yet possible is. Thus, accordingly early Lifting and / or lowering of the vehicle take place, so that the Vehicle at the time of the collision is already in the optimal Collision position is located.

In a further education the communication means in a radio and / or in a navigation device and / or be integrated in a car phone. Basically, an integration also in a positioning device or in an internet system, which is installed in the car, possible. Is the positioning device equipped with a so-called Differenzmeßsystem, so can the distance and the relative speed of the potential Collision opponent are detected accordingly. Independent of the type of communication or with which means of communication the communication between the vehicle and the potential collision opponent takes place, is ensured because of the communication result, that the vehicle only in the necessary case in the corresponding optimal Collision position is brought.

According to one Another embodiment, each vehicle a valve control device be assigned. By means of the control device, the valve control device independent of each vehicle wheel and / or delayed. Thus, depending on the detected Kollisionsparametern a control of each individual valve control device, the each associated with a vehicle wheel, possible. For example, to achieve an optimal collision position for the vehicle, only the valve control device of a single vehicle wheel is activated become. in principle is also a control of the valve control devices only to the both front wheels or only on the two rear wheels or only on the two wheels a vehicle side or only arranged diagonally on the vehicle wheels possible. The control of several vehicle wheels can be seen in terms of time done successively, so that thereby the collision position positive can be influenced. As a result, for example, when detected Collision with a pedestrian one Lowering of the vehicle on the two front wheels possible, so that the pedestrian at the collision is not translated translationally, but itself can roll on the bonnet advantageous. This is done by the inclination of the vehicle for relieves the pedestrian, so that thereby the possible Injury severity of the pedestrian reduced can be.

In addition or as an alternative to the sensor device detecting the collision parameters, at least one further sensor device can be provided with which the vehicle's own driving parameters can be detected. Thus, depending on the detected driving parameters, a lifting and / or lowering decision can be made for the vehicle. As driving parameters that can be detected by the sensor device, for example, a large and / or fast steering angle change and / or the inclination angle of the vehicle and / or the amount of the upcoming brake pressure of a vehicle braking device to call. In addition, the build speed of the brake pressure can be determined. Furthermore, the pedal position of the accelerator pedal or the brake pedal can be detected and / or acting on the vehicle lateral and / or longitudinal accelerations can be detected. By evaluating these detected driving parameters can be reliably detected extreme driving situations of the vehicle, so that, for example, a lowering of the vehicle by the suspension / damping device, whereby a shift of emphasis of the vehicle takes place in the direction of the road, which causes a higher driving stability for the vehicle. Thus, for example, a possible vehicle overturn can be avoided. Also, the data regularly installed in the vehicle systems, such as a driving stability program (ESP) or anti-lock braking system (ABS) of the braking device can be used as driving parameters. In addition, a so-called "lane departure warning system" can be installed in the vehicle, which detects a possible agreement from the road, so that corresponding signals of the "lane departure warning system" also as Fahr parameters can be processed. So z. B. in a deal of the vehicle from the roadway due to the signals of the "lane-departure-warning-system" lowering the vehicle are carried out so that by the associated reduction in the center of gravity of the vehicle, a possible vehicle overturn could be avoided System for detecting fatigue of the driver of the vehicle conceivable, so that on the basis of this determined data of the driver, a corresponding reaction with respect to a raising and / or lowering of the vehicle can take place.

Based a drawing, the invention is explained in detail.

It demonstrate:

1 a schematic representation of a suspension / damping device with a valve control device in a first embodiment,

2 a schematic representation of an arrangement of the suspension / damping device of 1 on a vehicle,

3 a schematic representation of a suspension / damping device with a valve control device in a basic position in a second embodiment,

4 a schematic representation of the suspension / damping device of 3 with the valve control device in a raised position,

5 a schematic representation of the suspension / damping device of 3 with the valve control device in a lowered position,

6 a schematic representation of a suspension / damping device of 2 with a gas generator,

7 a schematic representation of the suspension / damping device of 3 on a vehicle,

8th a schematic representation of the suspension / damping device of 3 in a further development,

9 a schematic representation of the suspension / damping device of 3 in a further development,

10 a schematic representation of a suspension / damping device with a valve control device in a third embodiment,

11 a schematic representation of a suspension / damping device with a valve control device in a fourth embodiment,

12 1 is a schematic representation of a circuit diagram of an arrangement of a suspension / damping device on a vehicle,

13 a schematic representation of a circuit diagram of the arrangement of 12 in a first development,

14 a schematic representation of a circuit diagram of the arrangement of 12 in a second development,

15 a schematic representation of a circuit diagram of the arrangement of 12 in a third development,

16 a schematic representation of an arrangement of a suspension / damping device on a vehicle,

17 a schematic representation of a circuit diagram of an arrangement in a further embodiment of a suspension / damping device on a vehicle, and

18 a schematic representation of a circuit diagram of a further arrangement of a suspension / damping device on a vehicle.

In 1 schematically is a suspension / damping device as an air spring device 1 shown. The air spring device 1 can be arranged on each vehicle between a suspension of the vehicle wheel and a vehicle body, which is not shown here for reasons of clarity. About a line 2 is the air spring device 1 with a valve control device 3 connected. The valve control device 3 is in 1 in a basic position 4 shown for normal driving. By means of a compressor 5 who has a lead 6 is connected to the valve control device, the air spring device 1 If necessary, be supplied with compressed air. Thus, in a normal driving in the usual way suspension / damping of the vehicle body is possible. Furthermore, the valve control device 3 over a line 7 with a pressure vessel 8th connected. As a further part of the valve control device 3 is at the air spring device 1 a drain valve 9 educated.

In addition, the valve control device 3 coupled with a control device not shown here, so that in accordance with a presence of a control signal of the control device, the valve control device 3 from the basic position 4 in a lifting position 10 or in a lowered position 11 can be switched. If there is a control signal for lifting the vehicle body from the control device, then the valve control device 3 in the lifting position 10 switched so that from the pressure vessel 8th stored compressed air via the line 7 through the valve control device 3 and over the line 2 to the air spring device 1 flows, so that the vehicle body can be raised accordingly. For the restoration of the operational readiness of the air spring device 1 for a next lift of the vehicle body, the valve control device 3 in a storage position 12 be switched in by means of the compressor 5 Compressed air in the pressure vessel 8th can be stored. If the control device has a corresponding control signal for lowering the vehicle body, then the valve control device becomes 3 in the lowered position 11 , the basic position 4 in this embodiment corresponds, switched, in which case the compressor 5 is turned off. At the same time the drain valve 9 , the part of the valve control device 3 is and thus also coupled to the control device, open, so that air from the air spring device 1 can escape for a lowering of the vehicle body. To accelerate the lowering movement, the air from the air spring device can be additionally sucked with a suction device not shown here.

Is the air spring device 1 coupled with a telescopic shock absorber, which is also disposed between the suspension and the vehicle body, so may at a raising or lowering of the vehicle body by means of the air spring means 1 the telescopic shock absorbers are disengaged from its receptacles on the wheel suspension and / or on the vehicle body and after a corresponding increase and / or reduction of the vehicle body by means of the air spring device 1 be latched again. Thus, when driving a suspension / damping in addition to the air spring device 1 ensured with the telescopic shock absorber and at a raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body by means of the air spring device 1 represents the telescopic shock absorber due to the guided notching on a recording of the telescopic shock absorber on the suspension and / or on the vehicle body is not a hindrance to the raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body.

In 2 is a schematic arrangement of the air spring device 1 from 1 represented on a vehicle in the manner of a circuit diagram, wherein like components are provided with the same reference numerals. Each vehicle wheel (not shown here) is an air spring device 1 assigned. The valve control device 3 is constructed in two parts in the illustrated embodiment, namely with a central lifting valve 59 and four lowering valves 60 , each one an air spring device 1 assigned. By means of a valve control unit 61 can the lift valve 59 and the lowering valves 60 be controlled so that the respective desired increase or decrease of the vehicle body can be performed. There is also a damper control 62 each with the air spring devices 1 connected, so that thereby a damping control is possible.

In 6 is an air spring device 1 shown schematically, in which a cold gas generator 63 by way of example as a gas generator with the air spring device 1 connected is. For raising or lowering the vehicle body, the cold gas generator 63 activated accordingly, so that, for example, an increase in the vehicle body can be carried out by the resulting gas.

In 3 schematically a suspension / damping device is shown, which is a telescopic shock absorber 15 includes. The telescopic shock absorber 15 has a cylinder 16 in which a piston 17 slidably received, on which a piston rod 18 is arranged out of the cylinder 16 led out. The cylinder 16 is for example connected to a not shown with the suspension and the piston rod 18 is connected to a not shown with the vehicle body, so that by means of the telescopic shock absorber 15 at least one damping of vibrations of the vehicle body is possible. On the piston 17 are flow openings 19 formed by means of damper valves 20 can be closed. The damper valves can be regulated or controllable, but also without a control function only in the manner of a throttle on the piston 17 be arranged. Thus, by means of the damper valves 20 the movement of the piston 17 inside the cylinder 16 concerning the piston 17 acting resistance during the sliding movement are set.

About a line 21 is the telescopic shock absorber 15 with a valve control device 22 connected. From the valve control device 22 is a lead 23 to a surge tank 24 led, from which a line 25 in which a pump device 26 is arranged to a pressure vessel 27 is performed as an energy storage device. The pump 26 can have a dual function, namely on the one hand to build up pressure in the pressure vessel 27 and on the other hand, for example, as an ABS pump. In this case, a corresponding coupling is installed, that a functionally reliable switching between the individual functions of the pump 26 can be done. The pressure vessel 27 is over a line 28 with the valve control device 22 verbun the. Thus, a hydraulic circuit is provided in the hydraulic fluid according to the position of the valve control device 22 in the cylinder 16 of the telescopic shock absorber 15 can be supplied or from the cylinder 16 of the telescopic shock absorber 15 can be dissipated. The pressure vessel 27 is two-chambered, wherein in a first pressure vessel chamber 29 Hydraulic fluid can be stored and in a second pressure vessel chamber 30 a compressible gas cushion is provided. The first pressure vessel chamber 29 and the second pressure vessel chamber 30 are through a membrane element 31 separated from each other. One often inside the cylinder 16 arranged air chamber for pressure equalization is in this embodiment of the telescopic shock absorber 15 in one on the line 21 connected container 32 arranged.

The valve control device 22 is from a basic position 33 , in the 3 is shown in a lifting position 34 , in the 4 is shown, or in a lowered position 35 , in the 5 is shown, switchable. The construction of the telescopic shock absorber 15 and the hydraulic circuit in the 4 and 5 corresponds to the 3 described, so that the same reference numerals are used for the same components.

In 3 are located the valve control device 22 in the basic position 33 , which is set during a normal driving operation of the motor vehicle. It can by means of the telescopic shock absorber 15 in the usual way at least one damping of vibrations of the vehicle body can be achieved. If there is a control signal generated correspondingly by the control device when the collision is sensed by the sensor device, so that the vehicle structure must be raised in accordance with the control signal for an optimum collision position, the valve control device becomes 22 accordingly in the lifting position 34 , in the 4 is shown, switched. This allows hydraulic fluid from the pressure vessel 27 or from the first pressure vessel chamber 29 , is stored in the hydraulic fluid, through the valve control device 22 in the cylinder 16 of the telescopic shock absorber 15 overflow, leaving the piston together with the piston rod 18 in the arrow direction of an arrow 36 is displaced in the direction out of the cylinder. As a result, the vehicle body is raised accordingly. That in the second pressure vessel chamber 30 compressed gas is thereby released, so that over the membrane element 31 transferred, the energy released during the expansion of the gas at the second pressure vessel chamber 30 is transferred to the hydraulic fluid, thus allowing the transfer of hydraulic fluid into the telescopic shock absorber 15 at least supported. Should after lifting the vehicle body with a correspondingly associated relaxation of the gas in the second pressure vessel chamber 30 the telescopic shock absorber 15 be prepared for a next lift the vehicle body again, so on the one hand, the piston 17 in the cylinder 16 is lowered to a position for normal driving and on the other hand by means of the pump means 26 Hydraulic fluid from the expansion tank 24 in the first pressure vessel chamber 29 of the pressure vessel 27 pumped so that thereby under appropriate elongation of the membrane element 31 , the gas in the second pressure vessel chamber 30 is compressed under storage of "energy." Here is the valve control device 22 either in the basic position 33 or in the lowered position 35 , After completion of the pumping operation of the pump device 26 lies in the pressure vessel 26 a corresponding amount of hydraulic fluid in the first pressure vessel chamber 29 for a next lifting of the vehicle body by transferring the hydraulic fluid into the telescopic shock absorber 15 in front. The gas in the second pressure vessel chamber 30 is so far compressed that at a next switching the valve control device 22 in the lifting position 34 the hydraulic fluid and the relaxation of the gas of the second pressure vessel chamber 30 in the telescopic shock absorbers 15 for lifting the vehicle body is transferred.

If a control signal generated by the control device for lowering the vehicle body before, so the valve control device 22 from the basic position 33 in the in 5 illustrated lowered position 35 switched. This hydraulic fluid is from the cylinder 16 of the telescopic shock absorber 15 out through the valve control device 22 in the expansion tank 24 transferred. Thereby, the vehicle body becomes the direction of an arrow 37 lowered.

Basically, the telescopic shock absorber 15 together with the valve control device 22 also be used for a level control of the motor vehicle during normal driving. In this case, the valve control device 22 according to the desired level control either in the raised position 34 or in the lowered position 35 each from the basic position 33 switched over. In this case, by the valve control device 22 flowing volume flow of hydraulic fluid can be reduced accordingly, so that a controlled raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body by means of the telescopic shock absorbers 15 is possible. If a collision-induced raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body is to be carried out, then the volume flow of the valve control device becomes 22 set to maximum flow, that a correspondingly fast raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body is possible.

In 7 is the one in the 3 to 5 explained telescopic shock absorbers 15 arranged schematically on a vehicle. Each vehicle wheel (not shown here) is assigned a telescopic shock absorber. The valve control device 22 is constructed as a lift valve and lowering valve, and the pressure vessel 27 are centrally located and connected to all telescopic shock absorbers. The container 32 as a low-pressure accumulator and expansion tank is also centrally located and according to flow with the valve control device 22 and connected to the telescopic shock absorbers. 7 shows the driving position as a basic position or the lowered position of the valve control device 22 , Will the valve control device 22 switched to the right, so is switched to the lifting position accordingly.

At the in 8th illustrated embodiment of a telescopic shock absorber 64 is an air cushion 65 with in the telescopic shock absorber 64 integrated. The rest of the construction corresponds to that of the 3 - 5 described, so that the same components are provided with the same reference numerals. Because the air cushion 65 inside the telescopic shock absorber 64 are arranged in addition to the damper valves 20 in the piston 17 bottom valves 66 in the telescopic shock absorber 64 arranged. Alternatively, a corresponding bypass line can be provided. If the vehicle body, for example, be raised, so the air cushion 64 via corresponding lines (not shown here) from the working space of the cylinder 16 be led out and then the working space of the cylinder 16 be flooded with hydraulic fluid to increase the vehicle body.

9 schematically shows an analog structure as in 8th described, with the difference that the air cushion 65 with a membrane 67 separated in the cylinder 16 is included. The pressure balance within the working space of the cylinder 16 takes place here via a bypass line 68 , In addition, the outsourced air cushion in the container 32 arranged.

In 10 is schematically a suspension / damping device 40 shown between a vehicle body 41 and a suspension 42 is arranged. On the suspension 42 is a vehicle wheel 43 suspended. The vehicle construction 41 is only schematically in the connection region of the suspension / damping device 40 in 10 shown.

The suspension / damping device 40 includes a cylinder-piston unit 44 and a schematically illustrated spiral spring element 45 , The cylinder-piston unit 44 has a cylinder 46 on, in which a piston displaceable 47 is included. On the piston 47 is a piston rod 48 Arranged out of the cylinder 46 led out. Inside the cylinder 46 are directly adjacent to the piston 47 a piston floor working space 49 and a piston rod working space 50 educated. In addition, there is an air chamber in the cylinder 51 provided for pressure equalization. The piston floor working space 49 and the piston rod working space 50 are over an overflow line 52 in which an overflow valve 53 is arranged, connected to each other flow. Over the overflow line 53 is a pickup line 54 indirectly with the piston crown working space 49 flow-connected and via the overflow line 52 is a drop line 55 indirectly with the piston rod working space 50 flow-connected. In the pick-up line 54 is a lift valve 56 arranged and in the lowering line 55 is a lowering valve 57 arranged. Both the overflow valve 53 as well as the lift valve 56 and the lowering valve 57 are components of a valve control device 58 depending on the position of the three valves 53 . 56 . 57 can be switched between a basic position and a lifting position or lowered position. In normal driving operation of the motor vehicle, the lifting valve 56 and the lowering valve 56 closed, with the overflow valve 53 at least partially open. Depending on the degree of opening of the overflow valve 53 can the effect of the cylinder-piston unit 44 be adjusted with respect to a shock absorption.

If the vehicle body is to be raised as a function of a present control signal of a control device which is not shown here, the lifting valve will be raised 56 opened and, for example, in a pneumatic control of the cylinder-piston unit 44 By means of a compressor, which is not shown here, compressed air via the lifting line 57 in the piston rod working space 50 blown. The overflow valve 53 is closed and the lowering valve 57 open so far that the out of the piston floor working space 49 displaced air can escape. As a result, the vehicle body is lowered in accordance with the control signal. For raising the vehicle body an analogous procedure is carried out, in which case the compressed air through the open lifting valve 56 over the lift line 54 in the piston bottom working space 49 is blown, so that the piston 47 together with the piston rod 48 in the direction of the cylinder 46 is led out, whereby the vehicle body is raised accordingly.

Basically, also to the air chamber 51 be connected to a line, allowing for a displacement of the piston 47 inside the cylinder 46 Air in the air chamber 51 can be blown or sucked.

In 11 is schematically a Fede rungs- / damper 69 shown. The suspension / damping device 69 is designed as an air spring device, the air spring bellows 70 and a cylinder-piston unit 71 includes. The suspension / damping device 69 is between a vehicle body 72 and a suspension 73 arranged, the vehicle body 72 only schematically in the connection region of the suspension / damping device 69 and the suspension 73 is shown and wherein the suspension 73 only schematically by a wishbone, on which a vehicle 74 is arranged, is shown.

The cylinder-piston unit 71 includes a cylinder 75 in which a piston 76 slidably received. On the piston 76 is a piston rod 77 Arranged out of the cylinder 75 led out. Inside the cylinder 75 are each adjacent to the piston 76 a piston floor working space 78 and a piston rod working space 79 educated. The cylinder 75 is with the vehicle body 72 connected, the piston rod 77 with the suspension 73 connected is. The piston floor working space 78 is with the piston rod working space 79 by means of an overflow line 80 fluidly connected, wherein the overflow line 80 an overflow valve 81 having. A pick-up line 82 is with the piston crown working space 78 fluidly connected and a lowering line 83 is with the piston rod working space 79 flow-connected. In the pick-up line 82 is a lift valve 84 and in the lowering line 83 is a lowering valve 85 arranged. In addition, the air bag 70 with an air spring line 86 in which an air spring valve 87 is arranged, flow-connected, so that through the air spring line 86 with appropriately opened air spring valve 87 Air directly into the air bag 70 can be blown. Basically, also by the air spring line 86 for example, for a desired lowering of the vehicle body 72 Air from the bellows 70 be sucked off.

If, for example, an imminent collision is detected by means of a sensor device not shown here, a collision signal is determined by the sensor device as an accident signal as a function of the detected collision parameters of the collision counterpart, which is processed into a control signal in a control device not shown, so that in dependence on the Control signal of the vehicle body 72 can be raised or lowered. For this purpose, the overflow valve 81 the cylinder-piston unit 71 closed and, for example, for lifting the vehicle body 72 the lift valve 84 open, so that for example by means of a compressor not shown with air in the piston head working space 78 can be blown. At the same time the lowering valve 85 open, leaving the piston rod working space 79 displaced air can escape, for example, in a not shown with expansion tank. Basically, the cylinder-piston unit 71 be controlled hydraulically in addition to a pneumatic control. In normal driving is the overflow valve 81 in the overflow line 80 open, so that by means of the suspension / damping device 69 In the usual way a suspension / damping can be performed. Thus, by the use of additional line 80 . 82 . 83 and 86 or of additional valves 81 . 84 . 85 and 87 a crash-active suspension created by means of the function of the detected accident parameters a functionally reliable lifting and / or lowering of the vehicle body 72 can be carried out.

In 12 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of a suspension / damping device 88 . 89 shown on a vehicle. The two suspension / damping devices 88 are the vehicle wheels of a front axle and the two suspension / damping devices 89 assigned to the vehicle wheels of a rear axle of the vehicle. All suspension / damping devices 88 and 89 are here only exemplary and schematically by cylinder-piston units 90 represented by a cylinder 91 in which a piston is displaceable 92 is included. In the piston 92 are piston valves 92 arranged by the case of a displacement of the piston 92 inside the cylinder 91 in the cylinder 91 arranged hydraulic fluid can flow over. In addition, on the cylinder 91 in the area of a cylinder bottom bottom valves 94 educated. By means of cables 95 are the cylinders 75 each with a valve control device 96 flow-connected. Thus, all four cylinder-piston units 90 the respective suspension / damping devices 88 and 89 with the valve control device 96 flow-connected.

In addition, on the valve control device 96 over a line 97 a low pressure accumulator 98 fluidly coupled. Next is in the line 97 a pump 99 integrated, by means of which the pressure in a high-pressure accumulator 100 who is also on the line 97 fluidly coupled, can be increased. About the line 97 is the high-pressure accumulator 100 also with the valve control device 96 flow-connected. In the in 12 illustrated position of the valve control device 96 can both a normal driving operation as well as a lowering of the suspension / damping devices 88 and 89 respectively. When switching the valve control device 96 in which the valve control device 96 in the in 12 illustrated embodiment is shifted to the right, is correspondingly a lifting of the vehicle body by means of the suspension / damping devices 88 and 89 possible. It is characterized by in the high-pressure accumulator 100 pressurized hydraulic fluid via the valve control device 96 and the corresponding lines 97 and 95 into the individual cylinder-piston units 90 transferred, so that thereby raising the vehicle body can be done.

In 13 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of 12 shown in a corresponding development. Identical components are provided with the same reference numerals. It can be seen that in addition to the first valve control device 96 a second valve control device 101 is provided, wherein the valve control device 96 the suspension / damping devices 88 the front axle and the valve control device 101 the suspension / damping devices 89 associated with the rear axle. In addition to the first high-pressure accumulator 100 is a second high-pressure accumulator 102 provided, with an assignment of the high-pressure accumulator 100 to the front axle and the high-pressure accumulator 102 to the rear axle takes place. Basically, the principle of raising or lowering corresponds to the in 12 described here, due to the two valve control devices 96 and 101 a separate variable control of the two vehicle axles is possible.

In 14 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of 12 shown in a further development. Identical components are provided with the same reference numerals. As already in 13 explained, are two valve control devices 96 and 101 each with associated high-pressure accumulators 100 and 102 intended for the two vehicle axles.

In contrast to 13 is here in 14 each vehicle axle associated with a separate low pressure accumulator, wherein the low pressure accumulator 98 to the front axle and the second low-pressure accumulator 103 belonging to the rear axle. With the low pressure storage 98 and 103 is a kind of buffering and cushioning possible.

In 15 schematically is a circuit diagram analogous to that in 14 explained, in addition, a level control is provided for the rear axle. For this is a level control valve control device 104 with in the line 97 fluidly installed, which also with a surge tank 105 is coupled. The expansion tank 105 is arranged so that the pump 99 accordingly from the expansion tank 105 sucks. Furthermore, there is a pressure relief valve 106 installed in the front axle associated piping circuit, which also with the expansion tank 105 is coupled. By a corresponding switching of the level control valve control device 104 or the valve control devices 101 and 96 In addition to raising and / or lowering the vehicle body, a level control for the rear axle is possible.

In 16 schematically is a circuit diagram of another arrangement of suspension / damping devices 88 and 89 shown on the vehicle. Basically, the structure corresponds to the in 16 illustrated arrangement of the 13 , so that the same reference numerals are used for the same components. In addition, in the line 97 between the low-pressure accumulator 98 and the pump 99 a surge tank 107 arranged by means of a pressure relief valve 108 from the valve control devices 96 and 101 is separated by flow. The arrangement shown here has already been tested in a test vehicle, by means of the suspension / damping devices 88 and 89 a functionally reliable lifting and / or lowering of the vehicle body can be performed. In this arrangement, a separate lifting and / or lowering on the front axle and the rear axle is possible.

In 17 schematically a circuit diagram of a further arrangement is shown, which is essentially the structure shown in 15 is described corresponds. The same components are provided with the same reference numerals. In addition, the piston valves 93 the suspension / damping device 88 be controlled on the front axle (not shown here). The valve control device 96 is extended by an additional switch position and via a line 109 is another connection between the suspension / damping devices 88 and the valve control device 96 created, so that a flow connection from the valve control device 96 each to the working space in the cylinder 19 on both sides of the piston 92 consists. By a corresponding control of the piston valves 93 is a so-called "pop down" of the suspension / damping device 88 possible, with a lowering due to gravity takes place.

In 18 is a schematic representation of a circuit diagram shown, the principle of the arrangement of 17 equivalent. At the front axle are suspension / damping devices 112 via throttles / valves 111 with the valve control device 96 coupled so that in the 17 drawn piston valves 93 in the suspension / damping device 112 can be omitted. Thus, at the in 17 shown embodiment, a damping member as a piston valve 93 inside the cylinder 91 arranged and at the in 18 shown embodiment, a damping part as throttles / valves 111 outside the cylinder 91 arranged. Through the throttles / valves 111 is also in addition to the lifting and / or lowering on the front axle, a "pop down" of the suspension / damping device 112 possible.

Basically, those in the 17 and 18 explained controls the suspension / damping devices 88 respectively. 110 in each case at the front axle also on the rear axle transferable or it can be both on the front axle and on the rear axle, a corresponding suspension / damping device 88 respectively. 110 , which can be controlled separately, be provided.

Basically, those in the 12 to 18 described arrangements of suspension / damping devices 88 . 89 . 110 and 112 in each case a separate valve control device 96 respectively. 101 characterized in that thereby for each vehicle separately lifting and / or lowering of the corresponding vehicle body region is possible. In simpler versions but only two valve control devices 96 and 101 be provided, which are each associated with a vehicle axle, so that raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body is carried out according achs zugeordnet. Is only a valve control device 96 provided, the entire vehicle can be raised and / or lowered. In addition, in addition to the possibility of raising and / or lowering the vehicle body, a level control, which has already been described above, and / or a pitch and / or roll compensation can be performed. Be the suspension / damping devices 88 . 89 . 110 and 112 Controlled with air, it is lowered to lower air from the cylinder of the corresponding suspension / damping device. For lifting, air can be blown in accordingly. When using hydraulic fluid in the suspension / damping devices 88 . 89 . 110 and 112 can be provided by means of lines a kind of circuit for the hydraulic fluid, so that the hydraulic fluid is let out for lowering from the cylinder. In addition, for an acceleration of the lowering at the outlet for the hydraulic fluid corresponding to the opposite end of the cylinder hydraulic fluid can be pressed. To lift the vehicle hydraulic fluid is drained or pressed in accordance with the reverse manner.

Overall, regardless of the design of the suspension / damping device 1 . 15 . 40 . 69 . 88 . 89 . 110 . 112 due to the respective valve control device 3 . 22 . 58 . 96 . 101 a functionally reliable lifting and / or lowering of the vehicle body as a function of the present control signal of the control device feasible.

1

Air spring device

2

management

3

Valve control device

4

default

5

compressor

6

management

7

management

8th

pressure vessel

9

drain valve

10

Anhebstellung

11

lowered position

12

storage position

15

Telescopic shock absorbers

16

cylinder

17

piston

18

piston rod

19

flow-through

20

damper valve

21

management

22

Valve control device

23

management

24

surge tank

25

management

26

pump means

27

pressure vessel

28

management

29

first Pressure vessel chamber

30

second Pressure vessel chamber

31

membrane element

32

container

33

initial position

34

Anhebstellung

35

lowered position

36

arrow

37

arrow

40

Suspension / damping device

41

vehicle body

42

Arm

43

vehicle

44

Cylinder-piston unit

45

Spiral spring element

46

cylinder

47

piston

48

piston rod

49

Piston base workspace

50

Rod workspace

51

air chamber

52

overflow

53

overflow

54

Anhebleitung

55

Absenkleitung

56

Anhebventil

57

lowering valve

58

Valve control device

59

lift valve

60

lowering valve

61

Valve control unit

62

damper control

63

Cold gas generator

64

Telescopic shock absorbers

65

bubble

66

bottom valve

67

membrane

68

bypass line

69

Suspension / damping device

70

suspension bellows

71

Cylinder-piston unit

72

vehicle body

73

Arm

74

vehicle

75

cylinder

76

piston

77

piston rod

78

Piston base workspace

79

Rod workspace

80

overflow

81

overflow

82

Anhebleitung

83

Absenkleitung

84

Anhebventil

85

lowering valve

86

Air spring line

87

Leveling valve

88

Suspension / damping device

89

Suspension / damping device

90

Cylinder-piston unit

91

cylinder

92

piston

93

piston valve

94

bottom valve

95

management

96

Valve control device

97

management

98

Low-pressure accumulator

99

pump

100

High-pressure accumulator

101

Valve control device

102

High-pressure accumulator

103

Low-pressure accumulator

104

Level regulatory Ventilsteuereinric

105

surge tank

106

Pressure relief valve

107

surge tank

108

Pressure relief valve

109

management

110

Suspension / damping device

111

Choke / valve

112

Suspension / damping device

Claims (23)

Vehicle, in particular motor vehicle with a wheel suspension for each vehicle wheel for suspending the respectively associated vehicle wheel, with a suspension and / or damping device, which is arranged between the wheel suspension of a vehicle wheel and a vehicle body, with at least one sensor device for detecting predetermined accident parameters, in particular predetermined Collision parameters of a potential collision opponent, as an accident signal in the run-up to a possible accident, in particular a possible collision with the collision opponent, with at least one control device, which processes an accident signal detected by the sensor device in response to the detected accident parameters in a control signal to the out towards the vehicle body Demand by means of the suspension and / or damping device in an optimal accident position can be raised and / or lowered, characterized in that at least one valve control device ( 3 ; 22 ; 58 ; 96 ; 101 ) is provided, on the one hand with the suspension and / or damping device ( 1 ; 15 ; 40 ; 69 ; 88 ; 89 ; 110 ; 112 ) and on the other hand coupled to the at least one control device such that the valve control device ( 3 ; 22 ; 58 ; 96 ; 101 ) in accordance with the present control signal of the control device lifting and / or lowering the vehicle body ( 41 ; 72 ) by means of the suspension and / or damping device ( 1 ; 15 ; 40 ; 69 ; 88 ; 89 ; 110 ; 112 ), in particular that the valve control device ( 3 ; 22 ; 58 ; 96 ; 101 ) for lifting the vehicle body ( 41 ; 72 ) by means of the suspension and / or damping device ( 1 ; 15 ; 40 ; 69 ; 88 ; 89 ; 110 ; 112 ) into a lifting position ( 10 ; 84 ) and / or for lowering the vehicle body ( 41 ; 72 ) by means of the suspension and / or damping device ( 1 ; 15 ; 40 ; 69 ; 88 ; 89 ; 110 ; 112 ) in a lowered position ( 11 ; 35 ) is switchable. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one valve control device ( 3 ; 22 ; 58 ; 96 ; 101 ) is pneumatically and / or hydraulically and / or magnetically and / or electrically operable. Vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the suspension and / or damping device by an air spring device ( 1 ) is formed, that at least one energy storage device ( 8th ) is provided by means of the in the raised position ( 10 ) of the valve control device ( 3 ) with at least partial release of the energy of the energy store ( 8th ), the vehicle body is liftable, and that preferably at the air spring device ( 1 ) at least one air release valve ( 9 ) as part of the valve control device ( 3 ) is provided, the at least in the lowered position ( 11 ) is openable for a lowering of the vehicle body. Vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one energy storage device by at least one pressure vessel ( 8th ) is formed in the compressed air for raising the Vehicle structure is storable. Vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one compressor ( 5 ) is provided, by means of which the air spring device ( 1 ) by default ( 4 ) of the valve control device ( 3 ) can be acted upon with compressed air if necessary, and that the valve control device ( 3 ) in a storage position ( 12 ) is switchable in the compressed air by means of the compressor ( 5 ) in the pressure vessel ( 8th ) is einspeicherbar. Vehicle according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized that the at least one energy storage device by a Gas generator and / or formed by a hydraulic pressure vessel is. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the suspension and / or damping device is a hydraulic telescopic shock absorber ( 15 ) comprises at least one energy storage device ( 27 ) is provided by means of the in the raised position ( 34 ) of the valve control device ( 22 ) Hydraulic fluid in the telescopic shock absorbers ( 15 ) with at least partial release of the energy of the energy store ( 27 ) is convertible for a lifting of the vehicle body, and that in the lowered position ( 35 ) of the valve control device ( 22 ) Hydraulic fluid from the telescopic shock absorber ( 15 ) is removable for a lowering of the vehicle body. Vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least one energy storage device by an at least two-chamber pressure vessel ( 27 ) is formed such that in a first pressure vessel chamber ( 29 ) Hydraulic fluid can be stored and in a second pressure vessel chamber ( 30 ), preferably by a membrane element ( 31 ) from the first pressure vessel chamber ( 29 ) is provided, a compressible gas cushion is provided, so that when an increase in the amount of hydraulic fluid, the gas cushion is compressible under energy intake and that in the raised position ( 34 ) of the valve control device ( 22 ) Hydraulic fluid under at least partial relaxation of the gas cushion in the telescopic shock absorbers ( 15 ) is convertible for lifting the vehicle body. Vehicle according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that at least one pump device ( 26 ) is provided by means of the hydraulic fluid at least in the normal position ( 33 ) or in the lowered position ( 35 ) of the valve control device ( 22 ) in the pressure vessel ( 27 ) is convertible for an increase in the amount of hydraulic fluid and thus for a compression of the gas cushion. Vehicle according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that at least one expansion tank ( 24 ) is provided, in the at least in the lowered position ( 35 ) of the valve control device ( 22 ) Hydraulic fluid from the telescopic shock absorber ( 15 ) is convertible and / or from the at least in the basic position ( 33 ) or in the lowered position ( 35 ) of the valve control device ( 22 ) Hydraulic fluid can be transferred into the pressure vessel. Vehicle according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the telescopic shock absorber ( 15 ) one in a cylinder ( 16 ) displaceable piston ( 17 ), preferably controllable damper valves ( 20 ) has such that by means of the damper valves ( 20 ) during a displacement of the piston ( 17 ) relative to the cylinder ( 16 ) a sliding resistance is adjustable. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the suspension and / or damping device ( 40 ) a cylinder-piston unit ( 44 ) comprising a cylinder ( 46 ), in which a piston ( 47 ) is slidably received, wherein within the cylinder ( 46 ) each adjacent to the piston ( 47 ) a piston bottom working space ( 49 ) and a piston rod working space ( 50 ) can be formed. Vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that on the cylinder ( 46 ) an overflow line ( 52 ) is provided, by means of the piston crown working space ( 49 ) and the piston rod working space ( 50 ) are flow-connected, and that the overflow line ( 52 ) an overflow valve ( 53 ) when lifting or lowering the vehicle body ( 41 ) is closable. Vehicle according to claim 12 or claim 13, characterized in that with the cylinder ( 46 ) a lifting line ( 54 ) and a lowering line ( 55 ) are flow-connected, and that the lifting line ( 54 ) a lift valve ( 56 ) as part of the valve control device ( 58 ) and the lowering line ( 55 ) a lowering valve ( 57 ) as part of the valve control device ( 58 ) in such a way that in dependence on the control signal of the control device by means of the lifting valve ( 56 ) and the lowering valve ( 57 ) the raising or lowering of the vehicle body ( 41 ) is feasible. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the suspension and / or damping device ( 1 ; 15 ; 40 ) is additionally used for a level control and / or for a pitch and / or roll compensation of the vehicle. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that immediately at the beginning of the collision-induced raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body ( 41 ) a relatively low flow resistance of the valve control device ( 3 ; 22 ; 58 ) is adjustable and immediately at the end of the raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body ( 41 ) a relatively large flow resistance of the valve control device ( 3 ; 22 ; 58 ) is adjustable. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized that the at least one sensor device by a pre-crash sensor and / or is formed by an early-crash sensor, which after the Radar principle and / or according to the infrared principle and / or with cameras, preferably with 3D cameras, with image processing and / or after works according to the laser principle. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body ( 41 ) is reversible and / or partially reversible and / or irreversible. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the at least one control device in addition to a first control signal for the suspension and / or damping device ( 1 ; 15 ; 40 ) determines a second control signal for a braking device of the vehicle such that in addition to raising and / or lowering of the vehicle body a deceleration of the vehicle is feasible. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized that communication means are provided on the vehicle, with which a Communication, preferably a radio communication, between the Vehicle and a potential collision opponent is feasible, so that in dependence the communication result, a raising and / or lowering decision for the vehicle is applicable. Vehicle according to claim 20, characterized in that that the communication means in a radio and / or in a navigation device and / or in a car phone and / or in a positioning device and / or integrated into an internet system. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized that each vehicle wheel is associated with a valve control device, and that by means of the control device, the valve control device each Vehicle wheel independent and / or can be controlled with a time delay. Vehicle in particular according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that at least one further sensor device is provided with the vehicle's driving parameters, such as a steering angle change and / or the angle of inclination of the vehicle and / or the amount of upcoming brake pressure of a vehicle braking device and / or a pedal position and / or transverse and / or longitudinal accelerations acting on the vehicle or the like can be detected, so that depending on the detected driving parameters a raising and / or lowering decision can be made for the vehicle.