DE10349965A1 - Switching system, especially for high or medium voltage switching, has only one main switching device, which can be connected on input side to voltage feed and on output side to inputs of all outlet isolators - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a voltage feed and at least two operating arrangements (11,21,31), each with an associated outlet isolator (12,22,2), whereby each operating arrangement is connected to the associated outlet isolator output. Only one main switching device (3) is provided, which can be connected on the input side to the voltage feed and on the output side to the inputs of all the outlet isolators. Each operating arrangement has an associated bypass isolator (13,23,33) connected electrically in parallel with the main switch and associated with the outlet isolator or relevant operating arrangement. An independent claim is also included for a method of operating an inventive system.

Description

The The invention relates to a switchgear, in particular a high or Medium voltage switchgear, with a voltage supply and with at least two operating resources, each with a tap-off isolator assigned.

The The invention further relates to two methods for operating a switchgear according to the invention.

In a switchgear of the type mentioned are usually any equipment, such as transformers, cables or overhead lines, each associated with a circuit breaker and a departure disconnector. The power switch is on the input side with a voltage supply, for example, a busbar, and the output side with the input the output disconnector connected, whose output with the associated resources connected is.

By Shut down the outlet disconnector and then closing the Circuit breaker, the associated equipment is switched on. Accordingly, the equipment by opening the circuit breaker and then opening the tap-off isolator off.

Instead of a circuit breaker is also another main switching device, for example a load switch or a load disconnector, can be used, which in the Able to switch the operating current of the associated equipment.

Of the Invention has for its object to provide a switchgear which allows multiple resources independently switch on by means of a single common main switching device or shut down. It is also an object of the invention, methods to indicate the operation of such a switchgear.

These The object is achieved by a Switchgear solved with the features mentioned in claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention, as well as associated operating methods, are in the further claims specified.

According to the invention is only a main switching device provided, the input side connected to a power supply and on the output side with the inputs all outgoing disconnector is connected. Furthermore, every resource each associated with a bypass isolator, the electrically parallel to the only main switching device and the outlet disconnector associated with the equipment concerned is switched.

These Switching arrangement allows each of the connected resources switch on by means of the single main switching device and the intended disconnector or shut down while being the one to be carried out Switching operations other switched resources switched on stay.

In an advantageous structural embodiment of the invention the main switching device on the input side to an input busbar and on the output side connected to an outgoing busbar. Furthermore, the bypass separators on the input side to the input busbar and the outgoing isolators connected on the input side to the outgoing busbar. The one Equipment assigned outlet disconnector and the same equipment assigned by-pass disconnectors are on the output side with each other and connected to the relevant equipment.

A particularly compact design can be reach by the switchgear as metal-enclosed, gas-insulated Switchgear executed is, where the main switching device in an encapsulating housing is arranged, which at least one flange connection for connection the voltage supply, at least one flange connection for connection the outgoing busbar and at least one flange connection for Connection of the input bus has.

In an advantageous embodiment is the encapsulating the Main switching device cylindrically formed, with its central axis is vertical.

It is advantageous in that the Flanschstutzen for connecting the Outgoing busbar and for connecting the input busbar vertically on top of each other on a generatrix of the encapsulating housing are arranged.

Farther It is advantageous that the Flanschstutzen for connecting the power supply on the flange connector for connecting the outgoing busbar and for connecting the input busbar diametrically opposite Mantle line of the encapsulating housing are arranged, wherein the central axes of all flange in a plane extending through the central axis of the encapsulating.

In An advantageous embodiment of the invention is the input side and / or output side of the main switching device in each case an earth electrode for grounding the Main switching device intended.

The Main switchgear is designed, for example, as a circuit breaker, which is able to Disconnect short-circuit current. Thus, the resources have a common short circuit protection.

alternative is the main switching device as cheaper Load switch or load disconnector executable.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the voltage supply a separate circuit breaker, which as upstream Short circuit protection works. Thus, a permanent short-circuit protection for the equipment given the switchgear, even if the by-pass disconnector closed and when a load switch or load breaker is used as the main switching device.

To the Operation of a switchgear according to the invention a first method is proposed, wherein in an associated, first Initial state, the main switching device is closed and the bypass isolators all resources are open. Furthermore, in this first initial state the outgoing isolators of the switched off resources open and the Outlet isolator of the connected equipment is closed.

• – Umgehungstrenner aller zugeschalteten Betriebsmittel schließen,
• – Abgangstrenner aller zugeschalteten Betriebsmittel öffnen,
• – Hauptschaltgerät öffnen,
• – Abgangstrenner des zuzuschaltenden Betriebsmittels schließen,
• – Hauptschaltgerät schließen,
• – Abgangstrenner aller übrigen zugeschalteten Betriebsmittel schließen,
• – Umgehungstrenner aller übrigen zugeschalteten Betriebsmittel öffnen.

For switching on a switched-off equipment, the following switching operations are accordingly carried out in chronological succession:

• - close bypass isolators of all connected equipment,
• - open outgoing disconnector of all connected equipment,
• - open main switchgear,
• - close the outgoing isolator of the equipment to be connected,
• - close the main switching device,
• - close the outgoing isolators of all other connected equipment,
• - Open bypass isolators of all other connected equipment.

• – Umgehungstrenner aller übrigen zugeschalteten Betriebsmittel schließen,
• – Abgangstrenner aller übrigen zugeschalteten Betriebsmittel öffnen,
• – Hauptschaltgerät öffnen,
• – Abgangstrenner des abzuschaltenden Betriebsmittels öffnen,
• – Hauptschaltgerät schließen,
• – Abgangstrenner aller zugeschalteten Betriebsmittel schließen,
• – Umgehungstrenner aller zugeschalteten Betriebsmittel öffnen.

For switching off a switched-on equipment, the following switching operations are accordingly carried out in chronological succession:

• - close bypass isolators of all other connected equipment,
• - open outgoing isolators of all other connected equipment,
• - open main switchgear,
• - open outgoing disconnector of the equipment to be disconnected,
• - close the main switching device,
• - close the outgoing isolators of all switched-on equipment,
• - Open bypass isolators of all connected equipment.

To a connection or disconnection of a resource is the Switchgear again in the first initial state, in which switched Resources over the assigned outgoing isolator, the outgoing busbar and the main switching device with the Voltage supply are connected. In this first initial state is through the main switching device, if it is designed as a circuit breaker, a common short-circuit protection for all Given resources.

alternative is a second to operate a switchgear according to the invention Proposed method starting from a second initial state, in which the main switching device and the outgoing disconnectors of all equipment are open. Furthermore, in This second output state the bypass disconnector of the disconnected Resources opened, whereas the by-pass disconnectors of the connected equipment are closed are.

• – Abgangstrenner des zuzuschaltenden Betriebsmittels schließen,
• – Hauptschaltgerät schließen,
• – Umgehungstrenner des zuzuschaltenden Betriebsmittels schließen,
• – Hauptschaltgerät öffnen,
• – Abgangstrenner des zuzuschaltenden Betriebsmittels öffnen.

For switching on a switched-off equipment, the following switching operations are accordingly carried out in chronological succession:

• - close the outgoing isolator of the equipment to be connected,
• - close the main switching device,
• - close bypass isolators of the equipment to be connected,
• - open main switchgear,
• - Open the tap-off isolator of the equipment to be switched on.

• – Abgangstrenner des abzuschaltenden Betriebsmittels schließen,
• – Hauptschaltgerät schließen,
• – Umgehungstrenner des abzuschaltenden Betriebsmittels öffnen,
• – Hauptschaltgerät öffnen,
• – Abgangstrenner des abzuschaltenden Betriebsmittels öffnen.

For switching off a switched-on equipment, the following switching operations are accordingly carried out in chronological succession:

• - close the outgoing isolator of the equipment to be disconnected,
• - close the main switching device,
• - open the bypass isolator of the equipment to be disconnected,
• - open main switchgear,
• - Open the outgoing isolator of the equipment to be disconnected.

To a connection or disconnection of a resource is the Switchgear again in the second output state, in which switched Resources over the assigned bypass isolator and the input bus with the voltage supply are connected. The second method has the advantage that a connection or disconnection of a resource with a minimum number of switching operations is feasible.

In particular, when operating a switchgear according to the second proposed method, it is recommended in the voltage feed egg NEN to provide a separate circuit breaker, which acts as an upstream short-circuit protection.

Based of the drawings, in which embodiments of the invention, the invention, advantageous Embodiments and improvements of the invention, as well as others Advantages closer explained and described.

It demonstrate:

1 a single-phase equivalent circuit of an exemplary switchgear,

2 a longitudinal section through a metal-enclosed gas-insulated switchgear according to 1 .

3 a plan view of the switchgear to 2 .

4 the switchgear after 1 in a first initial state, with all resources being switched on,

5 the switchgear after 4 after switching off a device,

6 the switchgear after 1 in a second initial state, wherein all resources are switched on and

7 the switchgear after 6 after switching off a device.

In 1 shows a single-phase equivalent circuit diagram of an exemplary switchgear. A circuit breaker 3 is input side with an input busbar 5 and on the output side with a outgoing busbar 4 connected. By means of a busbar disconnector 2 is the circuit breaker 3 on the input side with a live incoming busbar 1 connectable.

Instead of the feed busbar 1 is also a voltage supply by means of an overhead line, a cable or a generator conceivable. The busbar disconnector 2 can be omitted by the power supply directly to the input of the circuit breaker 3 , or to the input busbar 5 connected.

As resources are three transformers 11 . 21 . 31 provided, wherein the first transformer 11 a first exit funnel 12 and a first bypass divider 13 assigned. Analog are the second transformer 21 a second outlet separator 22 and a second bypass separator 23 and the third transformer 31 a third exit funnel 32 and a third bypass separator 33 assigned. Other resources such as cables, overhead lines, busbars or motors can be connected.

The bypass diversion 13 . 23 . 33 are on the input side with the input busbar 5 connected, and the departure funnels 12 . 22 . 32 are on the input side with the outgoing busbar 4 connected.

On the output side, the first bypass isolator 13 and the first exit funnel 12 with each other and with the first transformer 11 connected. Analogously, the second bypass isolator 23 and the second exit divider 22 on the output side with each other and with the second transformer 21 connected, and the third bypass divider 33 and the third departure funnel 32 are on the output side with each other and with the third transformer 31 connected.

The first bypass sewer 13 is thus electrically parallel to a series circuit of the circuit breaker 3 with the first outlet separator 12 connected. Accordingly, the second bypass diverter 23 electrically parallel to a series circuit of the circuit breaker 3 with the second outlet separator 22 , and the third bypass divider 33 electrically parallel to a series circuit of the circuit breaker 3 with the third exit divider 32 connected.

The Switchgear, for example, as an open-air system, as a metal-enclosed Gas-insulated switchgear or as solid-insulated switchgear executable. The switching devices are common three-pole executed; also a single-pole version, which usually is used at operating voltages of more than 200 kV is possible.

In 2 is a longitudinal section through a switchgear after 1 shown, wherein the switchgear is designed as a metal-enclosed gas-insulated switchgear. The cutting line is in 3 located.

The circuit breaker 3 is in a cylindrical encapsulating housing 103 arranged, which has a first flange 203 for connection of the incoming busbar 1 , a second flange connection 303 for connecting the outgoing busbar 4 and a third flange neck 403 for connection of the input busbar 5 having. The cylindrical encapsulating housing 103 is arranged so that its central axis is vertical. On a generatrix of encapsulating housing 103 is the second flange connection 303 vertically above the third flange connection 403 arranged; the first flange connection 203 is on the di arranged ametral opposite generatrix.

The feed busbar 1 and the busbar disconnector 2 are in a first busbar housing 101 arranged, which on the first flange 203 is attached. The departure busbar 4 is in a second busbar housing 104 arranged, which on the second flange 303 is attached. Analog is the input busbar 5 in a third busbar housing 105 arranged, which on the third Flanschstutzen 403 is attached.

The second busbar housing 104 contains the outgoing isolators, each on the input side with the outgoing busbar 4 are connected. Analog contains the third busbar housing 105 the bypass isolators, each on the input side with the input busbar 5 are connected. In this illustration, only the first outlet separator 12 and the first bypass divider 13 of the first transformer 11 visible, noticeable. On the output side are the first outlet separator 12 and the first bypass divider 13 with each other and with the first transformer 11 connected, wherein the connecting line through a first connecting pipe 111 is guided.

In 3 is a plan view of the substation after 2 shown. The first busbar housing 101 is on the first flange 203 fixed, which on a surface line of the encapsulating 103 is arranged. On the diametrically opposite generatrix are the third flange connection 403 , which is not visible in this illustration, and the second flange neck 303 arranged. At the third flange connection 403 is the third busbar housing 105 , which is not visible in this illustration, attached. The second busbar housing 104 is on the second flange 303 attached.

To the second busbar housing 104 are the first connecting pipe 111 that with the first transformer 11 is connected, the second connecting pipe 121 that with the second transformer 21 is connected, and the third connecting pipe 131 that with the third transformer 31 connected, connected.

By a longitudinal section along the section line S is the representation after 2 ,

Based on 4 and 5 the first method for operating a switchgear according to the invention is explained.

In 4 is the switchboard behind 1 shown, with all transformers 11 . 21 . 31 are switched on. Here are the departure separator 12 . 22 . 32 and the circuit breaker 3 closed and the by-pass divider 13 . 23 . 33 open. Further, the busbar disconnector 2 closed, leaving the circuit breaker 3 on the input side with the incoming busbar 1 connected is.

For example, the first transformer 11 turn off, in a first step, the bypass separator 23 . 33 the other connected transformers 21 . 31 closed. In a second step, the departure disconnectors 22 . 32 the other connected transformers 21 . 31 open. In a third step, the circuit breaker 3 open. In a fourth step, the departure disconnector 12 of the transformer to be disconnected 11 open. In a fifth step, the circuit breaker 3 closed again, in a sixth step are the departure separator 22 . 32 the switched-on transformers 21 . 31 closed again, and in a seventh step become the by-pass divider 23 . 33 the switched-on transformers 21 . 31 opened again.

In 5 is the switchboard behind 4 shown after execution of the said switching operations, the outgoing separator 12 opened and the first transformer 11 thus turned off.

To the first transformer 11 In the eighth step, the by-pass disconnectors are switched on again 23 . 33 the switched-on transformers 21 . 31 closed. In a ninth step, the departure funnels 22 . 32 the switched-on transformers 21 . 31 open. In a tenth step, the circuit breaker 3 open. In an eleventh step becomes the departure divider 12 of zuzuschaltenden transformer 11 closed. In a twelfth step, the circuit breaker 3 closed again, in a thirteenth step become the departure disconnectors 22 . 32 the other connected transformers 21 . 31 closed again, and in a fourteenth step become the by-pass divider 23 . 33 the other connected transformers 21 . 31 opened again.

Based on 6 and 7 the second method for operating a switchgear according to the invention will be explained.

In 6 is the switchboard behind 1 shown, with all transformers 11 . 21 . 31 are switched on. Here are the departure separator 12 . 22 . 32 and the circuit breaker 3 open, and the by-pass divider 13 . 23 . 33 are closed. Further, the busbar disconnector 2 closed, leaving the circuit breaker 3 on the input side with the incoming busbar 1 connected is.

For example, the first transformer 11 in the first step, the outgoing disconnector will switch off 12 of the transformer to be disconnected 11 closed. In a second step, the circuit breaker 3 closed. In a third step becomes the bypass separator 13 of the transformer to be disconnected 11 open. In a fourth step, the circuit breaker 3 reopened, and in a fifth step becomes the exit divider 12 of the transformer to be disconnected 11 opened again.

In 7 is the switchboard behind 6 shown after execution of the said switching operations, the bypass separator 13 opened and the first transformer 11 thus turned off.

To the first transformer 11 again in a sixth step is the departure disconnector 12 of zuzuschaltenden transformer 11 closed. In a seventh step, the circuit breaker 3 closed. In an eighth step becomes the bypass divider 13 of the transformer to be disconnected 11 closed. In a ninth step, the circuit breaker 3 opened again, and in a tenth step becomes the departure divider 12 of the transformer to be disconnected 11 opened again.

During the described switching operations is no actuation of a disconnector under load; the separators are always approximate switched off or de-energized. The disconnectors only need relatively small commutation, which by parallel connection of a tap-off with a Bypass isolators occur, as well as capacitive charging currents during Switching on a voltage-free busbar.

1

Einspeisesammelschiene

2

Busbar disconnectors

3

breakers

4

Finish busbar

5

Input busbar

11

first transformer

12

first leaving separator

13

first bypass separator

21

second transformer

22

second leaving separator

23

second bypass separator

31

third transformer

32

third leaving separator

33

third bypass separator

101

first Busbar housing

103

encapsulating

104

second Busbar housing

105

third Busbar housing

111

first connecting pipe

121

second connecting pipe

131

third connecting pipe

203

first Flanschstutzen

303

second Flanschstutzen

403

third Flanschstutzen

Claims (12)

Switchgear with a voltage supply and with at least two resources ( 11 . 21 . 31 ), each of which has a disposal separator ( 12 . 22 . 32 ), each resource ( 11 . 21 . 31 ) with the output of the outlet divider ( 12 . 22 . 32 ), characterized in that only one main switching device ( 3 ) is provided, the input side with the voltage supply connectable and the output side with the inputs of all outgoing circuit breaker ( 12 . 22 . 32 ) and that each resource ( 11 . 21 . 31 ) a bypass separator ( 13 . 23 . 33 ), which is electrically parallel to the single main switching device ( 3 ) and the outlet divider ( 12 . 22 . 32 ) of the equipment concerned ( 11 . 21 . 31 ) is assigned. Switchgear according to Claim 1, characterized in that the main switching device ( 3 ) on the input side to an input busbar ( 5 ) and on the output side to an outgoing busbar ( 4 ), all bypass isolators ( 13 . 23 . 33 ) on the input side to the input busbar ( 5 ), as well as all outlet disconnectors ( 12 . 22 . 32 ) on the input side to the outgoing busbar ( 4 ) and that each of a resource ( 11 . 21 . 31 ) associated outlet disconnectors ( 12 . 22 . 32 ) and the same resource ( 11 . 21 . 31 ) associated by-pass separator ( 13 . 23 . 33 ) on the output side with each other and with the relevant equipment ( 11 . 21 . 31 ) are connected. Switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that the switchgear is designed as a metal-enclosed, gas-insulated switchgear, and that the main switching device ( 3 ) in an encapsulating housing ( 103 ) is arranged, which at least one flange ( 203 ) for connecting the voltage supply, at least one flange ( 303 ) for connecting the outgoing busbar ( 4 ) and at least one flange ( 403 ) for connecting the input busbar ( 5 ) having. Switchgear according to Claim 3, characterized in that the encapsulating housing ( 103 ) Is cylindrical, with its central axis extends vertically. Switchgear according to claim 4, characterized ge indicates that the flange nozzles ( 303 . 403 ) for connecting the outgoing busbar ( 4 ) and for connecting the input busbar ( 5 ) on a generatrix of the encapsulating housing ( 103 ) are arranged vertically one above the other. Switchgear according to claim 5, characterized in that the at least one flange ( 203 ) for connecting the power supply on the flange ( 303 . 304 ) for connecting the outgoing busbar ( 4 ) and for connecting the input busbar ( 5 ) diametrically opposite generatrix of the encapsulating housing ( 103 ) is arranged, and that the central axes of all flange ( 203 . 303 . 304 ) extend in a plane passing through the central axis of the encapsulating housing ( 103 ) runs. Switchgear according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main switching device ( 3 ) can be grounded on the input side and / or output side by means of at least one earth electrode. Switchgear according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main switching device ( 3 ) is designed as a circuit breaker. Switchgear according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized that the main switching device designed as a load switch or as a load disconnector. Switchgear according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the power supply is a separate circuit breaker which acts as an upstream short-circuit protection. Method for operating a switchgear according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in a first initial state - the main switching device ( 3 ), - the by-pass diverters ( 13 . 23 . 33 ) of all resources ( 11 . 21 . 31 ) are open, - the outgoing isolators of the switched-off equipment are open, - the outgoing isolators of the switched equipment are closed, the following switching operations are carried out to switch on a switched-off equipment: - close bypass isolators of all switched-on equipment, - open outgoing isolators of all connected equipment, - Main switchgear ( 3 ), - close the tap-off isolator of the equipment to be connected, - main switchgear ( 3 ), - close the tap-off isolators of all other switched-on equipment, - open the bypass isolators of all other switched-on devices to switch off a switched-on equipment: - close bypass isolators of all other switched-on equipment, - open tap-off isolators of all other switched-on equipment, - main switchgear ( 3 ), - open the tap-off isolator of the equipment to be switched off, - main switchgear ( 3 ), - Close outgoing isolators of all connected equipment, - Open bypass isolators of all connected equipment Method for operating a switchgear according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in a second initial state - the main switching device ( 3 ) is open, - the outlet disconnectors ( 12 . 22 . 32 ) of all resources ( 11 . 21 . 31 ) are open, - the by-pass disconnectors of the switched-off equipment are open, - the by-pass disconnectors of the connected equipment are closed, the following switching operations are carried out to switch on a switched-off equipment: - close outgoing disconnectors of the equipment to be connected, - Main switchgear ( 3 ), - close by-pass isolators of the equipment to be connected, - main switchgear ( 3 ), - Disconnecting isolators of the equipment to be switched on open the following switching operations to switch off a connected equipment: - close outgoing isolators of the equipment to be disconnected, - Main switchgear ( 3 ), - open by-pass disconnector of the equipment to be disconnected, - main switchgear ( 3 ), - open the outgoing isolator of the equipment to be switched off