DE10339072A1 - Heat exchanger with integrated inlet and outlet - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger (10) having a core region (12) with a plurality of tube bundles, which are flowed through in series by a fluid. The deflection of the fluid flow between two successive, through-flow in the opposite direction tube bundles and the supply and discharge of the fluid to the core region (12) via a specially designed manifold (16), which is composed of two half-shells.

Description

The The invention relates to a heat exchanger for a fluid with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.

heat exchangers the aforementioned type are used, for example, in the air conditioners of motor vehicles in which over the variety of pipes and the resulting large surface area Heat transfer between the fluid circulating in the pipes and the outside air is made. In the various applications it can itself about temperature changes of the fluid as well as heat changes through phase transitions of the Fluids act.

Such a heat exchanger is for example from the DE 198 30 329 A1 known. The heat exchanger described in this document is a refrigerant condenser having a core portion with a plurality of tubes extending horizontally and arranged in parallel with each other. The coolant or refrigerant is meandering passed through the tube bundle, wherein the deflection of the fluid at the exit from one of the tubes or tube bundle and the reentry in the opposite direction in the next tube or tube bundle arranged in both end faces of the tubes and against these open manifolds he follows. The inflow and outflow of the coolant or refrigerant into the Wärmetau shear via a connection block which is connected via pipes to the first pipe at the inlet and the last pipe at the outlet of the fluid in or out of the heat exchanger.

Of the present invention is based on the object, a heat exchanger structurally simple and with a minimum number of to the heat exchanger form components to be mounted.

to solution This object is proposed in a generic heat exchanger, this with the features of the characterizing part of claim 1 form.

With the division of the at least one manifold arises in addition to the Area where the control and deflection of the meandering across the serial tube bundle Fluid flow takes place, a second area that bypasses the tube bundles forms. With this arrangement, it is possible to use the entire fluid flow inside the heat exchanger alone with the tubes of the core area and the front of each of the Pipes arranged collecting pipes to control. By the or the Hoppers the function of the inlets and outlets to the core area take over the heat exchanger, are further, directed to this, functional components unnecessary.

In An advantageous development is at one end of the manifold arranged a block with the supply and discharge lines to the heat exchanger. About this Block the fluid to the heat exchanger supplied and after the leadership through the individual tubes or tube bundles and the corresponding ones Regions in the manifold again derived from the heat exchanger.

Further with advantage, the longitudinal dividing wall of the Collector at least two through openings, through which the Fluid from the guide region of the manifold through the passage opening and over the Direction of deflection of the manifold and directed in the reverse direction to be led back can. Depending on the choice of the position of the passage openings, the fluid exchange between the guide region of the manifold and the tubes at one largely freely selectable Place over the length of the manifold, whereby the flow path of the fluid influenced by the tube bundle is.

there is characterized at least a first of the passage openings in the longitudinal partition wall a connection to a tube bundle and by at least a second of the passage openings to a connection the connections of the block formed. This means, that the fluid flow from the block into the deflection region of the manifold guided, then meandering passed through the pipe system and over the guide area of the manifold back led to the block can be. The fluid flow can in the same way in reverse Directed become.

there is it cheap to arrange the block with the inlets and outlets fixed to the manifold, around the entire heat exchanger without further additional Components in one piece to mount.

Further it makes sense to the manifold of an open and a closed Half shell to assemble, which firmly connected in a simple manner can be.

In In a first alternative embodiment, the second area is over the Length of the Manifold open so that the fluid flow over the entire length of the Collecting pipe between the block and optionally the starting point or be passed to the end point of the fluid flow in the heat exchanger can.

In a second alternative embodiment, the region of the pipe facing away from the pipes Dividing manifold divided into two separate areas, whereby at least two independent fluid streams can be performed in the area. With this configuration, it is possible, the fluid flow at two different locations in the system of pipes or tube bundles on or out and to be able to perform the resulting fluid flows in the second region of the manifold completely independent of each other.

In Advantageous training of this second alternative is the area in two parallel channels divided. In a simple manufacturing process can thus a Manifold are made, with the several inlets and outlets the fluid flow in the guide region of the manifold at a free selectable Place can be made without the inflow and return the fluid flow from the block would be compromised.

In meaningful development is the closed half shell in structurally simple manner designed as a double chamber.

In the entirety of the invention are advantageously the headers for Insertion into a guide rail designed to hold the heat exchanger. One of the criteria for the advantageous embodiment of the heat exchanger is therein, this to limit to a minimum number of necessary components and with To fulfill all necessary functions of these necessary components.

In useful embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger is a climate condenser, in which a cooling or refrigerant from a gaseous Phase with release of heat to the ambient air in a liquid Phase is transferred.

In Alternatively, the heat exchanger also as a gas cooler be educated.

at An air condenser, it is particularly advantageous, the last Form passage through one of the tubes or tube bundles as overcooling path, but in the second alternative embodiment of the manifold, the overcooling section is not on one of the end pieces of the manifold must be arranged, but free on the whole length of the manifold can be arranged.

Further Advantages and features of the invention can be found in the following description to the figures and the individual claims are taken.

there shows:

1 an overall view of the heat exchanger,

2 the heat exchanger according to a first embodiment in a partially broken and partially exploded view,

3 a cross-sectional view of the manifold according to the embodiment in 2 .

4 in an alternative embodiment, the heat exchanger in a partially broken representation and partial exploded view,

5 a cross-sectional view of the manifold according to the embodiment in 4 ,

1 shows one as a climate condenser 10 formed heat exchanger, which is integrated in a not shown cooling or refrigerant cycle of a conventional air conditioning system of a motor vehicle.

In the climate condenser 10 the cooling or refrigerant fluid is supplied in gaseous form and condensed with the release of heat into its liquid phase. For this purpose, the climate condenser 10 a core area 12 with a plurality of horizontally, under parallel tubes on, over their total large surface, the heat released during condensation or cooling of the fluid can be discharged to the ambient air flowing around the tubes.

The climate condenser 10 points next to the core area 12 with the individual tubes two sump 14 . 16 on, each at the end faces of the individual tubes of the core area 12 are arranged and in connection with the pipes. The coolant or refrigerant fluid is the climate condenser 10 over the block screw connection 18 added or removed. For this purpose, the block screw connection 18 a first connection 20 for the supply line and a second connection 21 for the discharge of the fluid. Depending on the flow guidance of the fluid, the connections for the supply and discharge lines can also be interchanged.

The individual tubes of the core area 12 are frontally with openings at the collecting containers 14 . 16 connected, so that the circulating fluid in the air conditioning capacitor can be passed through the collection of a single tube to the next single tube.

The climate condenser 10 Furthermore, in a conventional embodiment, a filling valve 22 and a dryer bottle 24 for drying the circulating fluid by means of a granulate located in the dryer bottle. The dryer bottle 24 also forms a buffer in case of overfilling.

The block screw connection 18 can at the sump 16 be arranged, wherein the leadership of the fluid in the manner described below on the collecting container 16 can be done so that in addition to the block screw connection 18 no further piping with the corresponding additional components is necessary.

Except for the necessary connections ( 20 . 21 ) for the supply and the discharge of the block screw connection 18 are for the function and for the attachment of the climate condenser 10 no further components necessary. With this compact design of the climate condenser 10 this can be done, for example, by inserting the collection container 14 . 16 be held in accordance trained rails, for example on the cooling module.

In 2 is the collection container 16 shown in partial exploded view. The collection container 16 is as a double tube with the separate areas 16a and 16b formed, wherein in addition to the separation in the longitudinal direction of the collecting container 16 partitions 26a to 26e transverse to the longitudinal direction of the collecting container 16 and parallel to the tubes of the core area 12 are arranged.

The longitudinal division of the collection container 16 as well as the partitions 26 serve to meander the fluid flow of the coolant or refrigerant through the pipe system in the core area 12 the climate condenser 10 respectively. In the subarea 16a of the collection container 16 are slots 28 shown, each slot with a tube of the core area 12 communicates.

Through the partitions 26a to 26d form each between two partitions in the area 16a the collecting container opening individual tubes a tube bundle, in which the fluid flows in each case rectified. The subarea 16a of the collection container 16 deflects the fluid flow coming from a tube bundle in the series downstream tube bundle, so that the fluid flow flows through the successive tube bundles in each case in the opposite direction. The not shown, corresponding region of the second collection container 14 is analogous to the subsection 16a of the collecting container and constructed with the same function.

The fluid flow (shown in phantom) passes over the supply line 20 the block screw connection 18 in the climate condenser 10 one. By one in the partition between the areas 16a and 16b of the collection container 16 provided passage opening 30 the fluid flow is in the range 16b directed the collection container (arrow A) and rises in this subarea upwards (arrow B) to one at the upper end of the collecting container 16 arranged second passage opening 32 the transition back to the area 16b of the collection container takes place.

About the openings 28a that are in the section of the subarea 16a between the partitions 26a and 26b are arranged, the fluid flow enters the tube bundle forming, with the openings 28a related pipes (arrow C).

After traversing these tubes and deflection in the collecting container, not shown 14 the flow of fluid in the next tube bundle becomes the sump 16 returned (arrow D).

The meandering flow through the tubes of the core area 12 takes place in an analogous manner in the next tube bundles (arrow E, F).

The number of individual tubes forming a bundle can be determined by the positioning of the partitions 26 be adapted to the specific application.

After flow of all intended tube bundles, the fluid flow through the discharge 21 the block screw connection 18 led out of the air condenser (arrow G).

The two formed as a double tube halves sections 16a . 16b of the collection container 16 are made of aluminum separately and then soldered. Also the block screw connection 18 is by soldering firmly to the subarea 16a connected. The at the front sides of the collection container 16 arranged partitions 26a and 26e each cover the entire cross section of the collection container 16 so that leakage of fluid is prevented. The last section of the flow through the core area 12 (Arrow F) is designed as an overcooling, in which the already condensed, located in the liquid phase fluid undergoes a temperature decrease to a temperature below the evaporation temperature.

According to the in 3 shown cross-section of the collection container 16 this is from a trained as an open half-shell portion 16a and a trained as a closed half-shell portion 16b composed. Whereby these two sections are connected by soldering together. The subarea 16b performs the function of a Zulei device to the core region of the air conditioning condenser, while the sub-area 16a the control and steering of the fluid flow at the exit from a tube bundle or the subsequent re-entry into the next following tube bundle serves. In this illustration is the partition 16c to recognize the part of the closed formed subregion 16b is and along the entire length of the collection container 16 with the exception of the passage openings 30 . 32 ( 2 ) the subareas 16a and 16b separates. The cross section according to 3 lies in the lower section of the manifold 16 , 3 shows both the block screw connection 18 as well as the partition 26e holding the manifold 16 tightly closes at the lower end side and the two sections 16a . 16b fully enforced.

4 shows an air condenser, in which by a differently constructed collection container 16 the flow of the fluid is variable relative to the first alternative described, that the tube bundles are connected downstream of each other so that the last flowed through tube bundle not at the bottom of the collecting container 16 but is located at a position in the vertical direction above. In this way, the overcooling of the fluid can be placed on a largely freely selectable tube bundle, if they make the external temperature conditions required. Not on the basis of 4 Details described separately correspond to those of the training alternative described above.

Due to the simple design of the air condenser with the two storage tanks 16 . 14 and at the foot of the manifold 16 arranged block screw connection 18 There are no changes to these.

The changed fluid flow is solely due to a constructive change of the partial area 16b of the collection container 16 possible. This portion is designed according to the variant described here as a double tube, wherein in the double tube, the fluid flow can be performed crossed without interference.

As in 4 shown, feed and outlet opening 20 . 21 the block screwing vice versa to that in the 2 triggered manner, so that the fluid flow through the connection of the supply line 20 in the subarea 16a and from there into the through the partitions 27f and 27g limited lowermost tube bundles of the core area 12 is passed (arrow H). In this embodiment, the fluid in the core region is conveyed upwards and returned in the adjacent tube bundle in the opposite direction (arrow I). After passing through the tube bundle according to arrow I, the fluid flow passes through a first of four passage openings 33a in a first channel 17a of the trained as a double tube half area 16a of the collection container 16 one and is in this at the top of the manifold 16 to the second passage opening 33b promoted (arrow J).

After the passage opening 33b the fluid flow enters the region of the subregion 16a of the manifold 16 between the partitions 27a and 27b and from there into the tube bundle arranged in this area (arrow K). From this, in the upper section of the core area 12 arranged tube bundle, the fluid flow is performed in the manner outlined above by three serially arranged tube bundles (arrow L, M, N) and then occurs between the two partitions 27c . 27d through the third passage opening 33c in the second chamber 17b of the trained as a double tube area 16b of the manifold 16 one. Through this chamber 17b the fluid flow is to the lower end of the manifold 16 guided (arrow O) and the fourth passage opening 33d from the subarea 16b in the subarea 16a and from there to the outlet opening 21 the block screw connection 18 directed.

As from this application according to 4 can be seen, is the last flowed through the tube bundle of the core area 12 the climate condenser 10 in this alternative embodiment approximately in the middle of the air conditioning condenser (arrow N). Since this last passage through a bundle of tubes represents the over-cooling path, if such is planned, it should be ensured that this area is not exposed to heat radiation by other units of the air conditioning system or of the motor vehicle.

at a conventional arranged air conditioning is the lower part of the air conditioning condenser often the intercooler adjacent, so that at high engine power high heat radiation occurs, which makes a relocation of the overcooling necessary.

A laying of the overcooling section is without additional structural measures with the according 4 trained manifold 16 possible.

As further out 4 can be seen, the fluid flow through the cross guide in the chambers 17a and 17b be guided through the core area that the choice of the location of the overcooling can be largely free.

5 shows a cross section of the manifold 16 which in turn consists of two half-shells 16 and 16a is constructed, which consist of aluminum and are soldered. The area 16a is formed unchanged from the first variant and in turn serves mainly the steering of the fluid flow of egg NEM tube bundle to the next. The trained as a double tube section 16b has a chamber 17a on, over which the fluid after the first two passes through the lower two tube bundles (arrow H, I according to 4 ) is transported into the upper region of the collecting tube (arrow J according to FIG 4 ).

The chamber 17b takes the fluid after the last passage through a tube bundle - usually the overcooling - on (arrow N according to 4 ) and leads the supercooled fluid in the lower portion of the manifold 16 from where the fluid over the block screw 18 leaves the climate condenser.

Claims (14)

Heat exchanger for a fluid, having a core region ( 12 ), with at least two tube bundles of tubes arranged in parallel and through which the fluid flows in series, with an inlet and a drain (( 20 . 21 ) for the fluid into the core region ( 12 ), with two arranged at the end faces of the tubes collecting containers ( 14 . 16 ), which are open to the end faces of the tubes, wherein the manifolds ( 14 . 16 ) Partitions ( 26 . 27 ) in the transverse direction, the regions of the headers over which the tube bundles are connected in series, characterized in that at least one collecting tube ( 16 ) a partition wall ( 16c ) in the longitudinal direction, through which the collecting tube into a first area open to the tubes and connecting them ( 16a ) and a second area ( 16b ), which is a bypass to the tube bundles. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that at one end of the collecting pipe ( 16 ) a block screw connection ( 18 ) with the inlets and outlets ( 20 . 21 ) is arranged to the heat exchanger. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the longitudinal partition ( 16c ) of the manifold ( 16 ) at least two passage openings ( 30 . 33 ) having. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that by at least one of the passage openings in the longitudinal partition wall, a connection between the second portion ( 16b ) of the manifold ( 16 ) and a tube bundle of the core region ( 12 ) and by a second passage opening a compound of this subregion ( 16b ) to the connections of the screwed connection ( 18 ) is formed. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the block screw connection with the feed and / or discharge lines ( 20 . 21 ) fixed to the manifold ( 16 ) is arranged. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the collecting pipe ( 16 ) from an open ( 16a ) and a closed ( 16b ) Half shell is composed. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the part facing away from the tubes ( 16b ) of the manifold ( 16 ) over the length of the collecting tube ( 16 ) is consistent. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the part facing away from the tubes ( 16b ) of the manifold ( 16 ) into at least two separate channels ( 17a . 17b ) is divided to guide two independent fluid streams. Heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that the two channels ( 17a . 17b ) of the subarea ( 16b ) are arranged in parallel. Heat exchanger according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the closed half shell of the subregion ( 16b ) is designed as a double chamber. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the collecting pipes ( 14 . 16 ) for insertion into a guide rail for holding the heat exchanger ( 10 ) are formed. heat exchangers according to claim 11, characterized in that the heat exchanger is a climate condenser. heat exchangers according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the climatic condenser a Überkühlungsstrecke having. heat exchangers according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the heat exchanger is a gas cooler.