DE10322781B4 - The fuel cell system - Google Patents
The fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE10322781B4 DE10322781B4 DE10322781A DE10322781A DE10322781B4 DE 10322781 B4 DE10322781 B4 DE 10322781B4 DE 10322781 A DE10322781 A DE 10322781A DE 10322781 A DE10322781 A DE 10322781A DE 10322781 B4 DE10322781 B4 DE 10322781B4
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- anode
- fuel cell
- cell system
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
- H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Brennstoffzellensystem
mit Anode und Kathode und sie trennenden Elektrolyten, mit einem auf
Anode und Kathode wirkenden Magnetfeld, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß
– die Anode
und Kathode aus mit Legierungszusätzen chemisch passiviertem
ferromagnetischem Edelstahl bestehen, und
– das Magnetfeld durch eine
hinter der Anode mit ihrem einem Pol und der Kathode mit ihrem anderen
Pol angeordnete Permanentmagneteinrichtung gebildet wird.Fuel cell system with anode and cathode and separating electrolytes, with a magnetic field acting on the anode and cathode, characterized in that
- The anode and cathode consist of alloyed with chemically passivated ferromagnetic stainless steel, and
- The magnetic field is formed by a behind the anode with its one pole and the cathode with its other pole arranged permanent magnet device.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Brennstoffzellensystem nach dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches.The The invention relates to a fuel cell system according to the preamble of the main claim.
Bei Brennstoffzellen wird Strom und Wärme durch Umwandlung von Wasserstoff H2 und Sauerstoff O2 auf chemischen Wege ohne thermische oder mechanische Zwischenschritte gewonnen. Der Wasserstoff und der Sauerstoff werden durch einen Elektrolyseur oder Reformer für Erdgas gewonnen. Ähnlich wie in einer Batterie besitzt eine Brennstoffzelle zwei Elektroden (Anode und Kathode), die miteinander durch einen Elektroly ten verbunden sind. An der Anode wird kontinuierlich Wasserstoff herangeführt und an der Kathode Sauerstoff.In fuel cells, electricity and heat are obtained by the conversion of hydrogen H 2 and oxygen O 2 in a chemical way without thermal or mechanical intermediate steps. The hydrogen and the oxygen are recovered by an electrolyzer or reformer for natural gas. Similar to a battery, a fuel cell has two electrodes (anode and cathode), which are connected to each other by an electrolyte. Hydrogen is continuously introduced at the anode and oxygen at the cathode.
Der Elektrolyt ist dabei als Trennwand zwischen beiden Elektroden ausgeführt und sorgt dafür, dass Sauerstoff und Wasserstoff nicht direkt aufeinandertreffen, sondern nur positiv geladene Wasserstoff-Ionen (2H+) hindurchgelangen, nachdem ein Wasserstoffatom bei der Ionenbildung der Anode ein Elektron an einen Stromkreis abgegeben hat.Of the Electrolyte is designed as a partition between the two electrodes and makes sure that Oxygen and hydrogen do not meet directly, but only positively charged hydrogen ions (2H +) pass through after a hydrogen atom in the ion formation of the anode is an electron has delivered to a circuit.
Die so entstehende elektrische Spannung ist wie an einer Batterie durch einen elektrischen Verbraucher nutzbar. Statt Sauerstoff kann auch Luft an der Kathode zugeführt werden. Sauerstoffatome an der Kathode aus Luft oder aus reinem Sauerstoff nehmen die Elektroden auf und es entstehen negativ geladene Sauerstoff-Ionen O2-, die zusammen mit den durch die Membran hindurchgehenden Wasserstoff Ionen zu Wasser reagieren.The so resulting electrical voltage is like a battery through an electrical consumer usable. Instead of oxygen can also Air supplied at the cathode become. Oxygen atoms at the cathode from air or pure Oxygen absorbs the electrodes and creates negatively charged ones Oxygen ions O2-, which together with the passing through the membrane Hydrogen ions react to water.
Es sind nun verschiedene Brennstoffzellentypen auf der Basis dieses Konzeptes realisiert worden, die grob in zwei Gruppen, die Niedertemperaturbrennstoffzellen mit Betriebstemperaturen bis ca. 200°C und Hochtemperaturbrennstoffzellen mit Betriebstemperaturen zwischen 650°C und 1000°C unterschieden werden. Die Brennstoffzellentypen nutzen unterschiedliche Elektrolyten z. B. Kalilauge oder Festpolymere oder sogar Phosphorsäure.It are now different fuel cell types based on this Concept realized roughly in two groups, the low-temperature fuel cells with operating temperatures up to approx. 200 ° C and high-temperature fuel cells with operating temperatures between 650 ° C and 1000 ° C can be distinguished. The Fuel cell types use different electrolytes z. B. Potassium hydroxide or solid polymers or even phosphoric acid.
Als Brennstoff wird bei den alkalischen Brennstoffzellen (mit Kalilauge als Elektrolyt) Wasserstoff eingesetzt. Bei Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellen wird jedoch auch Erdgas direkt als Brennstoff verbrannt werden können und als Elektrolyt Lithium- oder Kaliumkarbonat und Zirkoniumoxid verwandt werden können. Die Wirkungsweise der Brennstoffzellen hängt jedoch auch von der Wahl des Materials der Anode und der Kathode ab. Hier wird jedoch meist mit chemisch inaktiven Metallen gearbeitet.When Fuel is added to the alkaline fuel cells (with caustic potash used as electrolyte) hydrogen. For high temperature fuel cells However, natural gas can also be burned directly as fuel and be used as the electrolyte lithium or potassium carbonate and zirconium oxide can. However, the mode of action of the fuel cell also depends on the choice of the material of the anode and the cathode. Here, however, mostly worked with chemically inactive metals.
Im
Stand der Technik, aus der WO 2001/28025 A1, sind bereits Brennstoffzellen
zur Reformation von organischem Treibstoff bekannt, die ein magnetisches
Feld in Kathode oder Anode vorschlagen. Weiter sind aus der
Die Erfindung hat sich nun zur Aufgabe gestellt, den Wirkungsgrad der Brennstoffzelle, insbesondere den des Ionen-Übergangs an Anode und Kathode weiter zu verbessern.The Invention has now set itself the task of the efficiency of Fuel cell, in particular that of the ion transition at the anode and cathode continue to improve.
Hierzu wird vorgeschlagen, ferromagnetische Materialien zu verwenden, die gegebenenfalls durch Legierungszusätze chemisch passiviert werden (z. B. als nichtrostender Edelstahl) und diese in ein magnetisches Feld einzubringen, indem an der Rückseite der Anode und Kathode der Nord- bzw. Südpol eines vorzugsweise durch einen Dauermagneten ausgebildeten Magnetfeldes angeordnet wird. Die Nord- und Südpole können aber für – einige Anode-/Kathode- und Elektrolyt-Kombinationen auch getauscht in anderer polarer Ausrichtung angeordnet werden, wobei zusätzlich durch einen Eisenrückschluß ihre Wirksamkeit verbessert werden kann.For this It is proposed to use ferromagnetic materials which optionally be chemically passivated by alloying additions (For example, as stainless steel) and this in a magnetic Field by placing on the back of the anode and cathode the north or south pole a magnetic field preferably formed by a permanent magnet is arranged. The north and south poles can but for - some Anode / cathode and electrolyte combinations also exchanged in another polar orientation can be arranged, in addition by an iron yoke their effectiveness can be improved.
Dieses Prinzip kann neben der Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades als Brennstoffzelle auch bei Elektrolyseuren die Aufspaltung des Wassers in Sauerstoff und Wasserstoff im Wirkungsgrad verbessern.This Principle can in addition to improving the efficiency as a fuel cell also in electrolyzers the splitting of the water into oxygen and improve hydrogen efficiency.
Als Material für Anode und Kathode werden neben Eisen insbesondere Nickel und Kobalt vorgeschlagen, und es wird zusätzlich noch eine Verbesserung des Ionen-Übergangs an Anode und Kathode vorgeschlagen, durch zusätzliches Beleuchten entweder mit einer künstlichen Lichtquelle, beispielsweise hellen LEDs, oder – sofern dies in Gegenden mit hoher Sonneneinstrahlung leicht möglich ist -, durch Sonnenlicht, das durch geeignete Prismen auf die Anoden- und Kathodenoberflächen gelenkt wird.When Material for Anode and cathode are in addition to iron, in particular nickel and cobalt suggested, and it will be additional proposed an improvement of the ion transition at the anode and cathode, by additional Illuminate with either an artificial one Light source, such as bright LEDs, or - if in areas with high Sunlight easily possible is, by sunlight, by suitable prisms on the anode and cathode surfaces is steered.
Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus nachfolgender Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung.Further Advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following Description of a preferred embodiment with reference to attached Drawing.
Dabei zeigt diethere show the
In
der
Hinter den grau gerasterten Anoden und Kathoden sind Nord- und Südpol eines mit Eisenrückschluß ausgeführten Permanentmagneten in Hufeisenkonfiguration dargestellt. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, Elektromagneten zu verwenden oder zwei separate Magneten.Behind the gray-rastered anodes and cathodes are north and south poles of one with iron yoke designed permanent magnets presented in horseshoe configuration. However, it is also conceivable To use electromagnet or two separate magnets.
In
der
Schließlich ist
in
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10322781A DE10322781B4 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2003-05-19 | The fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10322781A DE10322781B4 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2003-05-19 | The fuel cell system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE10322781A1 DE10322781A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
DE10322781B4 true DE10322781B4 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
Family
ID=33482061
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE10322781A Expired - Fee Related DE10322781B4 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2003-05-19 | The fuel cell system |
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DE (1) | DE10322781B4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2017372A1 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-01-21 | EEC GmbH | Method for temporary storage of electrical energy |
CN118136896B (en) * | 2024-05-06 | 2024-07-19 | 山东科技大学 | Fuel cell fault diagnosis method and equipment based on external magnetic field measurement |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3624054A1 (en) * | 1986-07-14 | 1988-01-21 | Hahn Meitner Kernforsch | Inert electrode with catalytic activity |
DE19639068A1 (en) * | 1996-09-15 | 1998-03-19 | Matthias Dr Bronold | Demonstration plant for hydrogen energy generation |
DE19750738C1 (en) * | 1997-11-15 | 1999-01-14 | Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt | Material conversion determination in surface electrochemical reaction |
-
2003
- 2003-05-19 DE DE10322781A patent/DE10322781B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3624054A1 (en) * | 1986-07-14 | 1988-01-21 | Hahn Meitner Kernforsch | Inert electrode with catalytic activity |
DE19639068A1 (en) * | 1996-09-15 | 1998-03-19 | Matthias Dr Bronold | Demonstration plant for hydrogen energy generation |
DE19750738C1 (en) * | 1997-11-15 | 1999-01-14 | Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt | Material conversion determination in surface electrochemical reaction |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE10322781A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
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OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee | ||
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20141202 |