DE10304486A1 - Spring arrangement for wheel suspension of vehicle, comprising torsion bar serving as auxiliary spring element - Google Patents

Abstract

The wheel suspension (12) comprises a spring supported steering rod (16) which can be rotated horizontally around a swivel joint (22a, 22b) attached to a supporting component of the vehicle (24) with one end and is provided with a fixing element (16c) for joining a wheel at the opposite end. An auxiliary spring element (38) in the shape of a torsion bar is stationary positioned between the steering rod (16) and the supporting component of the vehicle (24) in order to transmit an upwards directed torque to the steering rod (16).

Description

The invention relates to a spring device Vehicle in cooperation with a wheel suspension of the vehicle according to the im Obergriff of claim 1 specified type.

With such a spring device it is currently a common one Construction, and it is therefore state of the art.

The spring device is regarding their elastic support force to a certain size range the associated Weight of the body adjusted from the weight the body including Loading weight results. The fulfill the wheels of the Vehicle assigned spring devices the task of making the body elastic in a certain height range support. For larger loads the spring device is not designed.

The invention is based on the object Basically, a spring device according to the preamble of the claim 1 specified type in such a way that they have greater loads in the desired height range can record.

This task is characterized by the Features of claim 1 in connection with its preamble features solved.

The subclaims form advantageous developments the invention.

The invention is based on the knowledge on the basis that, on the one hand, it is used to reinforce larger loads Spring (for example mechanical spring and / or air spring) of the spring device needs, on the other hand, a reinforcement not possible or not useful, especially in series production. Therefore, the invention is based on the knowledge that for an amplification of the Spring device in their construction area no or no enlarged space to disposal stands. A reinforcement can therefore only about an additional feather respectively.

According to the invention is an auxiliary spring provided, which is supported on the supporting arrangement and attacks the handlebars in such a way that they point upwards at them Transmits torque. Because of this Torque is supported by the spring device and its supporting force strengthened so that the spring device can also handle larger loads in the desired height range support elastically can. The auxiliary spring can be in the transition area between the supporting arrangement and the handlebars are arranged. This area has a distance from the spring and the wheel, so that the cramped Installation space in the area of the spring remains unaffected.

The advantage of a space-saving The arrangement also serves as an auxiliary spring in the form of a torsion bar on the one hand is of narrow construction and on the other hand in the area of Swivel joint on the handlebar attacks, with a relatively large distance to confined space exists in the area of the spring.

A particularly favorable use of space and therefore space budget Arrangement of the torsion bar leaves reach out by having the torsion bar in the free end of the handlebar facing away can be arranged by a different from Swivel joint laterally to the opposite Direction extending on the vehicle side and one extending from the swivel joint forward direction is limited. It is further here advantageous, the torsion bar in a itself in the supporting arrangement extending recess to be arranged where it from dirt and damage protected is. Moreover with this space-saving Arrangement of the torsion bar does not affect the ground clearance of the vehicle.

To be easily accessible and easy to use To ensure connection of the torsion bar to the load-bearing arrangement, it is advantageous to connect the connecting device at the front end to arrange supporting arrangement.

It is further advantageous that Auxiliary spring to assign an adjusting device with which the spring force and thus the characteristic of the auxiliary spring is adjustable. hereby let yourself the support force achievable by the auxiliary spring per se resulting load sizes for the spring device to adjust. A particularly practical and simple design can be in that the adjusting device in the between the torsion bar and the supporting arrangement effective connecting device is integrated.

The auxiliary spring according to the invention is particularly suitable good for a wishbone, which is such a wishbone which consists of a rear and a front handlebar, which are arranged convergent towards the free end of the wishbone can. In the case of a wishbone, a spring that forms the auxiliary spring extends Torsion bar preferably at right angles to the rear handlebar in terms of the load-bearing arrangement inside. Regarding the vehicle's longitudinal direction this results in an oblique Arrangement of the torsion bar.

Because a torsion bar is constantly considerable big and variable Subject to loads, a stable connection of the Torsion bar with the connecting device and / or with the handlebar. In particular, a multi-tooth connection fulfills this requirement very well Good.

To stabilize the fastening of the torsion bar to the supporting arrangement, it is advantageous to stiffen the torsion bar To arrange pipe, which may extend on or preferably in the supporting arrangement. In addition, the stiffening tube can also form the joint parts of the swivel joint belonging to the supporting arrangement and / or the connecting device parts of the connecting device belonging to the supporting arrangement. A flange connected to this in the associated end region of the torsion bar is particularly suitable as a connecting part for the connecting device. Among other things, it enables an arrangement of several connecting screws distributed over a pitch circle. The adjusting device can be implemented in that the screw holes fit into different rotational positions of the flange. This allows the spring force of the torsion bar to be adjusted in stages. If the screw holes of the connecting device are curved in a circular arc on at least one connecting part about a central axis common to all screw holes, the spring force of the torsion bar can be continuously adjusted.

Further advantages, features and possible applications of the present invention result from the following description in connection with the embodiments shown in the drawing.

The invention is illustrated below of the embodiments shown in the drawing. In the description, in the claims, in the summary and in the drawing are those in the list of Terms used reference numbers and assigned reference numbers used. In the drawing means:

1 a perspective view of a spring device of a vehicle, in particular a passenger car, in cooperation with a wheel suspension of the vehicle, only the lower parts of the wheel suspension being shown;

2 an approximately vertical partial section through an in 1 Detail marked with X in an enlarged view;

3 an approximately horizontal partial section in the area of detail Y in 1 ;

4 a horizontal partial section of the detail Y in a modified embodiment; and

5 a horizontal partial section of the detail X in a modified embodiment.

The spring device, designated in its entirety by 10, interacts with the wheel suspension, also designated in its entirety by 12, for supporting the weight of the body of the vehicle present in this area of the vehicle. From the well-known wheel suspension 12 only the lower area is shown, namely an indicated strut 14 that on a handlebar 16 the suspension 12 is articulated.

In the embodiment, the handlebar 16 a lower wishbone, which is in its normal position with respect to the longitudinal central axis 18 of the motor vehicle extends transversely and approximately horizontally outwards.

The driver 16 is preferably formed by a double link, the two approximately horizontally arranged handlebars 16a . 16b has, which extend converging towards the free end of the double link. The base ends of the handlebar arms 16a . 16b are about a pivot axis 20 pivotable in one swivel joint 22a . 22b stored in the respective base end of the handlebars 16a . 16b with one component 24 a load-bearing arrangement of the body of the motor vehicle, which is otherwise not shown, is connected.

In the present embodiment, in which the handlebar 16 is a wishbone, the hinge or pivot axis extends 20 approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis 18 of the motor vehicle. The base ends of the handlebar arms 16a . 16b form handlebar-side joint parts around the pivot axis 20 pivotable with joint parts of the load-bearing component 24 are connected. The joint mobility can be with any joint 22a . 22b through a connecting part 26a . 26b made of plastically or elastically deformable material, e.g. As rubber or plastic, be formed by the base end of the associated link arm 16a . 16b each with the load-bearing component 24 or the joint part is connected.

The deformability of the connecting part 26a . 26b is so big that the handlebars 16 can perform the swiveling movements required when the motor vehicle is in motion.

The connecting parts 26a . 26b can e.g. B. socket or pin-shaped connecting parts, which are the base end of the associated handlebar 16a . 16b with the load-bearing component 24 connect. In the embodiment according to 1 can the connecting parts 26a . 26b be socket-shaped connecting parts, on which the associated base end sits in a rotationally fixed manner with a bearing recess, and which in each case preferably also rotatably on a bearing pin 28a . 28b sit, the bolt holes in approximately vertically arranged bearing legs 32a . 32b on the component 24 enforced and secured in it.

Due to the deformability of the material of the connecting parts 26a . 26b are the handlebars 16a . 16b around the pivot axis 20 swiveling, although the central axes of the bearing bolts 28a . 28b an acute angle W1 with the pivot axis 20 lock in.

The driver 16 has at its free end in a manner known per se, or a rear and a front fastening element 16c on, by which it is releasably connected to a wheel bearing carrier, from which a bearing axis for a freely rotatable wheel thereon or a bearing shaft for an over it drivable wheel protrudes.

The wheel bearing carrier and the wheel, which are simplified as an arrow R pointing upward, can be parts of one with respect to the longitudinal central axis 18 of the motor vehicle transversely arranged front axle, in particular a steerable front axle, which is not shown from the overview's founder.

When in 1 illustrated embodiment are the handlebars 16a . 16b arranged separately from one another at their free end, each being connected to the wheel bearing carrier R by a joint which can be pivoted on all sides. The connection can z. B. by a connecting screw 16d and a ball joint 16e be educated.

In the strut 14 is a spring arrangement 34 integrated, which is illustrated by an approximately vertically upward arrow. As a result, the strut is articulated between the lower and an upper link 14 can be deflected and rebounded against its spring force. The upper link, not shown, is also connected to the wheel bearing carrier R in a vertically pivotable manner. The strut 14 is at its lower end by a hinge 36 with a swivel axis that runs horizontally and in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 36a with the lower handlebar 16 connected, especially in its free end area. The body of the vehicle is through the upper handlebar and the spring assembly 34 on the lower handlebar 16 supported. The spring arrangement 34 can be a mechanical spring or a gas spring. A combination of a gas spring and a mechanical spring can also be provided.

The spring device 34 is an auxiliary spring that supports this spring action 38 assigned to the load-bearing component 24 is supported and on the handlebar 16 attacks, and transmits an upward torque to this. In the embodiment, the auxiliary spring 38 by a torsion spring, preferably in the form of a torsion bar 38a , formed, the one end rotatably with the load-bearing component 24 is connected and at its other end rotatably with the handlebar 16 is connected in its base area.

When in 1 illustrated embodiment, in which a two-armed handlebar 16 is provided, the auxiliary spring engages 38 at the base end of the rear handlebar 16a who is referred to in the technical language as a leader. In the connection area with the handlebar 16 is the torsion bar 38a with respect to the pivot axis 20 arranged centrally so that the central axis of the torsion bar 38a and the pivot axis 20 intersect. The torsion bar 38 can get off the handlebar 16 extend into an angular range, which is limited by a transverse direction and a forward direction. In the presence of an obliquely arranged handlebar arm 16a close the torsion bar 38a and the pivot axis 20 or the longitudinal central axis 18 an acute angle W2, which is open to the rear.

The torsion bar 38a is in his the handlebar 16 end area facing away by a connecting device 40 with the component 24 connected. A simple and stable connection can be made using a flange 42 reach the non-rotatable on the free end area of the torsion bar 38a is attached and through it in screw holes 44 Comprehensive and indicated screws 46 with the component 24 is screwed.

The connecting device 40 can be arranged particularly easily and easily accessible if it is located on an edge, in particular on the front edge of the component 34 located. In the exemplary embodiment, the component has 24 the shape of a horizontally extending U, the web section 24a transversely to the longitudinal central axis 18 and extends essentially straight, and its legs 24b itself from the web section 24a extend backwards. The joints 22a . 22b are on the outside edge of the associated leg 24b arranged.

The torsion bar 38a preferably extends in a the supporting component 24 horizontally penetrating recess 24c , in which it is arranged to save space and protect it from dirt and damage.

With an oblique arrangement of the torsion bar 38a the recess also extends 24c obliquely at an angle W2 through the leg 24b and the dock 24a up to its front wall 24d on which the flange 42 is screwed from the front. If the component 24 is manufactured in hollow box construction, the recess only needs in the respective vertical outer wall 24c to be trained.

It is advantageous in the connection device 40 an adjusting device 48 to integrate, which is a mounting of the handlebar 16 opposite end of the torsion bar 38a enables in different rotational positions and thereby an adjustment of the spring force and thus the characteristic of the torsion bar 38a allows. The adjustment device 48 can be designed so that it can be adjusted continuously or in stages. A stepless adjustment can be achieved, for example, if a plurality of screw holes 44 is distributed on a pitch circle so that the flange 42 can be screwed in different rotational positions. A stepless adjustment can be realized in particular by the screw holes 44 as a segment of a circular arc around the longitudinal central axis of the torsion bar 38a curved elongated holes are formed, the length of such curved screw slots specifying an adjustment dimension.

Due to the considerable torsional stress between the torsion bar 38a and the flange 42 as well as the handlebar 16 a stable rotating connection between these parts is required. This can be done through a multi-tooth connection 50 with external teeth at the ends of the torsion bar 38a and to that matching inner teeth in one of the handlebars 16 assigned socket 16c or the flange 42 assigned socket 42a realize. The torsion bar 38a can be in the multi-tooth connection 50 insert in different rotary positions. The socket 16c the handlebar 16 preferably has a through hole. The torsion bar 38a is at this end with one of its teeth section 38b outstanding thread section 38c provided on a screw nut 38d as far as can be screwed on that the socket 16c against an inner shoulder 38e on the torsion bar 38a is excited. This is the torsion bar 38a in its longitudinal direction on the handlebar 16 or handlebar arm 16a locked.

The embodiments according to 4 and 5 , in which the same or comparable parts are provided with the same reference numerals, differ from the above-described exemplary embodiments inter alia in that the torsion bar 38a in a so-called stiffening tube 52 is arranged on the component 24 is attached, e.g. B. by welding, and preferably the component 24 in a recess 24e interspersed. In this embodiment, the recess 24c for the torsion bar 38a through the stiffening tube 52 educated. The stiffening pipe 52 can the component 24 protrude at one or both ends. It can be used as an integral part of the component 24 the connecting device 40 form, for example with a flange 52a with the screw holes 44 matching screw holes 54 , which can be through holes or threaded holes. These then serve to screw the flange together 52 , In this embodiment, the socket 42a according to 5 for example on the outside of the flange 42 be arranged, wherein it is preferably closed to the outside.

The stiffening pipe 52 can also the component-side parts of the joint 22a form. In the embodiment according to 4 is the joint 22a executed such that the connecting part 26a Made of elastically or plastically deformable material in the stiffening tube 52 sits on the inner peripheral wall. In addition, the torsion bar sits 38a with a bearing journal 38f non-circular, for example hexagonal, cross-section in a corresponding receiving hole 26c of the connecting part 26a , The rear handlebar arm extends 16a through a slit 56 in the peripheral wall of the stiffening tube 52 into this. He is sitting with his socket 16c on the tooth section 38b of the torsion bar 38 , The connecting part 26a can be inside or outside of the socket 16c in the stiffening tube 52 be arranged. When in 4 The illustrated embodiment is the handlebar 16 with its socket 16c in the longitudinal direction of the torsion bar 38 on the inside on an inner shoulder 38e and on the outside through the connecting part 26a limited and locked, being on both edges of the slot 56 has a movement game. The length of the slot 56 in the circumferential direction is dimensioned so large that the handlebar arm 16a can perform its swiveling movements. At this end is the stiffening tube 52 preferably through an end wall 52b closed the connecting part 26a limited and locked.

If the stiffening pipe 52 is present, it forms with the component 24 a prefabricated unit that is also prefabricated together with respect to surface protection, preferably by galvanizing.

The auxiliary spring 38 serves the spring device 10 , which forms an axle suspension. This is done by the auxiliary spring 38 the handlebar 16 applied with an upward torque M1. This allows the spring device 10 adapt to different weight loads of the vehicle and to bodies of different weights. Without the auxiliary spring 38 would need the spring arrangement 34 be reinforced, which would lead to additional space requirements, which is not available in particular with a steered wheel R.

An example of an additional weight in a vehicle or motor vehicle is, for example, larger additional loads or armor that generate additional weight and increase the axle load. By means of the auxiliary spring according to the invention, however, the spring arrangement 34 supported and the body was kept at the desired level despite the additional weight. The torsion bar 38a is mounted accordingly preloaded.

The configuration according to the invention is suitable thus especially for armored vehicles, preferably those that are mass-produced be equipped with armor.

Opposite the vehicle is a previously described spring device 10 arranged mirror-symmetrically, which interacts with the wheel suspension on the side opposite. Spring devices which cooperate with the two other, in particular rear, wheel suspensions can have the same or different auxiliary springs.

The vehicle also has a stabilizer device 58 on, each with the handlebar 16 the suspension described above 12 and which interacts with this laterally opposite, mirror-symmetrically arranged wheel suspension. The stabilizer device 58 has a stabilizer 59 in the form of a torsion spring with a crossbar 59a and angled or bent legs 59b Is U-shaped. The crossbar 59a is by a torsion bar made of elastic material such. B. spring steel, formed and rotatably mounted on the supporting arrangement. The thigh 59b extend approximately horizontally and are articulated with the associated handlebars 16 or front handlebar 16b connected.

10

spring device

12

Arm

14

strut

16

handlebars

16a

control arm

16c

Rifle

16d

control arm

16e

ball joint

18

Longitudinal central axis

20

swivel axis

22a

joint

22b

joint

24

supporting component

24a

web section

24b

leg

24c

recess

24d

front wall

24e

recess

26a

connecting part

26b

connecting part

26c

receiving hole

28a

bearing bolt

28b

bearing bolt

32a

bearing legs

32b

bearing legs

34

spring assembly

36

joint

36a

swivel axis

38

auxiliary spring

38a

torsion bar

38b

tooth portion

38c

threaded portion

38d

nut

38e

inner shoulder

38f

pivot

40

connecting device

42

flange

42a

Rifle

44

screw hole

46

screw

48

adjustment

50

Splined connection

52

stiffening tube

52a

flange

52b

bulkhead

54

screw hole

56

slot

58

stabilizer device

59

stabilizer

59a

crosspiece

59b

leg

111

torque

R

Wheel carrier / wheel

W1

angle

W2

angle

Claims (17)

Spring device ( 10 ) a vehicle in conjunction with a wheel suspension ( 12 ) who have a handlebar ( 16 ) which has at its base end about a substantially horizontal pivot axis ( 20 ) a swivel joint ( 22a . 22b ) is pivotally connected to a load-bearing arrangement and at least one fastening element at its free end ( 16c ) for fastening a bearing bracket for a wheel, wherein a spring is provided for supporting the supporting arrangement, which is downward with the free end region of the handlebar ( 16 ) connected and supported on it downwards, characterized in that an auxiliary spring ( 38 ) is provided, which is supported on the supporting arrangement and on the handlebar ( 16 ) attacks in such a way that it 16 ) transmits an upward torque (M1). Spring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary spring ( 38 ) by a torsion bar ( 38a ) is formed on his the handlebar ( 16 ) facing end in the area of the swivel joint ( 22a ) rotatable with the handlebar ( 16 ) is connected and in its the handlebar ( 16 ) facing away end area by a connecting device ( 40 ) is rotatably connected to the supporting arrangement. Spring device according to claim 2, characterized in that the torsion bar ( 38a ) from the handlebar ( 16 ) extends to the front. Spring device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the connecting device ( 40 ) on one of the handlebars ( 16 ) opposite edge region of the supporting arrangement is provided. Spring device according to claim 4, characterized in that the connecting device ( 40 ) is attached to the front end of the supporting arrangement. Spring device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the torsion bar ( 38a ) in a recess ( 24c ) extends through the supporting arrangement. Spring device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring force of the auxiliary spring ( 38 ) via an adjustment device ( 48 ) is adjustable. Spring device according to claim 7, characterized in that the adjusting device ( 48 ) in the connecting device ( 40 ) is integrated. Spring device according to one of the previous Claims, characterized in that the handlebar ( 16 ) is a wishbone. Spring device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transverse link has a rear and a front link arm ( 16a . 16b ) having. Spring device according to claim 10, characterized in that the torsion bar ( 38a ) with the rear handlebar arm ( 16a ) connected is. Spring device according to claim 11, characterized in that the torsion bar ( 38a ) perpendicular to the base end of the rear handlebar arm ( 16a ) extends. Spring device according to one of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that the torsion bar ( 38a ) through a multi-tooth connection ( 50 ) with the handlebar ( 16 ) and / or part of the connecting device ( 40 ) connected is. Spring device according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 13, characterized in that the torsion bar ( 38a ) in a stiffening tube ( 52 ) is arranged, which is firmly connected to the supporting arrangement. Spring device according to claim 14, characterized in that the stiffening tube ( 52 ) in his the handlebar ( 16 ) facing end region a joint part belonging to the supporting arrangement and / or in its the handlebar ( 16 ) end area facing away from the connecting device ( 40 ) forms the associated connecting part. Spring device according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 15, characterized in that the torsion bar ( 38a ) on his the handlebar ( 16 ) facing away from a flange ( 42 ) with the supporting arrangement or the stiffening tube ( 52 ) is screwed. Spring device according to one of the preceding claims 7 to 16, characterized in that the adjusting device ( 48 ) a screw connection with several screws arranged on a pitch circle ( 46 ), the screw holes ( 44 ; 54 ) fit together in different rotational positions of the screw parts or at least one screw part around the center of the screw holes ( 44 ; 54 ) has curved screw elongated holes.