DE10241328B4 - Biometric, acoustic writing system and method, and use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Biometric acoustic writing system (1) with:
(A) a pen housing (3) for performing hand-guided movements on a base (4);
(B) at least one in the pen housing (3) integrated microphone (5) for the acoustic detection of sound signals,
marked by
(C) a data processing unit (11) for calculating person-specific biometric data in response to detected sound signals, which are caused by hand-guided movements of the pen housing (3) on the pad (4).

Description

The The invention relates to a biometric writing system, in which one in a cursive box integrated microphone which in the hand-guided movement of the pen acoustically detected sound signals and then closed biometric data are processed.

The DE 10019165 A1 describes a mobile digital pen that performs hand-guided movements on a writing pad. In the pen housing of the pen a microphone is integrated and further in the pen housing a computing unit is provided which includes a microprocessor. The stylus includes pitch sensors for detecting a tilt and pitch change of the stylus and sensors for detecting any rotation of the stylus. The recorded data, ie the rotations and inclinations of the pen, are evaluated among other things for signature recognition. The microphone provided in the pen is used for linguistically performed data input. Data such as e-mails or SMS messages are verbally entered into the pen by means of a voice and text recognition software and sent via a transmitting unit.

The DE 19856296 A1 describes pressure sensor elements.

The DE 4200170 A1 describes a method and sensor for determining the range of sound-producing targets.

The US 5546565 A describes a writing instrument with a microphone for entering voice commands.

The WO 01/43058 A1 describes a stylus with a microphone for detection and evaluation of language.

The DE 3228968 A1 describes the detection of noise pulses for different characters.

Currently there is a big one Selection of competing biometric systems. The biggest part of biometric systems currently make systems that finger lines as recognition features, followed by facial recognition systems and so-called iris scanners.

By the increasing electronic networking is taking place in all areas of business life the importance of electronic password and signature recognition constantly to. contracts be in conventional Way closed by the two contractors, adding a signature to be authenticated. The signature serves to Evidence and is for the one who makes the signature specific. For contracts in the Field of e-commerce there is a need for the parties to their identification electronic signature must be on their validity must be verified. Prerequisite for the widespread use of a electronic signature to verify the identity of the contractors is a high protection against tampering the electronic signature provided. Furthermore, the services rendered must Signature recognized with a high recognition rate and sent to one transferred remote computer become. imperative is further that the input of the electronic signature for a huge Person group without special knowledge in a simple manner can.

The Previously known writing systems do not meet these requirements and some have serious disadvantages.

It are pens with acceleration sensors known (for example Accelerometer-based pens of British Telecommunications) for inclusion of acceleration forces when writing with the pen. The disadvantage of this known Pen is in a relatively low detection rate at the signature verification due to the only two-dimensional Data space. About that In addition, the pen must always be aligned when writing be, i. the angle between the pen and the pad must be largely constant, so that a natural Write behavior when holding a signature is not guaranteed is. About that In addition, an acceptable recognition rate sets a minimum write speed advance, otherwise the measured acceleration forces are too low are.

A Variety of writing systems recognize the handwritten written Text or character using the writing pad. All such writing systems have the disadvantage that special desk pads with appropriate Signal processing are required.

From the US 4,513,437 a data entry pen is known for signature verification. The pen includes a stylus for visualizing the writing on a pad, and piezoelectric pressure and acceleration sensors for detecting acceleration forces caused by transverse writing movements of the stylus on the pad. In addition, the pressure on the pen is detected in the axial-parallel direction of the pen.

The disadvantage of in the US 4,513,437 described data input pen is that pronounced acceleration te forces are required when writing. To capture strong direction changes and / or speed changes rectilinear writing movement for signal acquisition are therefore necessary. Also the US 5,181,661 describes a stylus with acceleration sensors for detecting the acceleration of the stylus when writing in three spatial directions.

Of the so-called Anoto-Digital pen describes a writing system in which written Transfer text to a computer can be. The pen consists of a ballpoint pen with an integrated digital camera. A force sensor detects this Placing the writing surface on a special paper. For the special paper it is a paper with a printed dot pattern. The integrated digital camera of the Anoto-pen takes the Write movements of the pen over true to the dot pattern. The camera takes a variety of pictures per second. Each captured image will become with the following Image compared and an integrated processor calculates from it considering the pen hold the direction change and the movement distance of in the pen integrated Schreibmiene. On the Anoto special paper There are a variety of printed dots that are inked are applied on a carbon basis and a distance of less have 1mm to each other. Each Anoto special paper has a different dot pattern, so that the individual pages are distinguishable from each other. A light emitting diode (LED) illuminates the carbon-containing ink dots, absorb the long-wave infrared light and thus for the integrated Digital camera within the Anoto-pin are recognizable. Through the Anoto special paper can determine the relative movement of the pen as well as the absolute position of the pen Pen on the paper to be determined.

Of the Disadvantage of the Anoto-pen is that a special paper is necessary and that the pen hold is given. Furthermore is the tamper-proof the signature verification too low, because no person-specific biometric data are determined. By the Anoto-pen is not the individual writing pressure on the writing face is recorded.

Next The electronic signature verification is increasing Need to electronically capture handwritten texts or characters. In conventional Handwriting recognition methods are hand-held writing movements optically recorded and the determined typeface data are then using OCR method converted to ASCI code data. traditionally, become several possible word candidates when recognizing a written word selected. The number of possible Word candidate is the higher, the more indistinct the handwriting is and the more similar words exist. Out the different possible ones Word candidate will follow by a statistical evaluation of the most likely word candidate determined and issued. The statistical evaluation is done like in machine speech recognition by means of so-called word sequence statistics programs, the words recognized from the preceding words are the statistical probability for the Calculate occurrence of the respective word candidate. The most likely to occur Word candidate is selected and then output. The disadvantage such conventional Handwriting recognition method is that the number the possible Word candidates in many cases is very high, so that the recognition rate is often very low.

The German patent application with the official file number 102 04 962.9 with filing date of 6 February 2002 describes an opto-mechanical Writing system and a method for handwriting recognition by means of biometric data. In this optomechanical writing system is in a pen case a pen for carrying hand-held Movements integrated on a base. The pen housing contains an optical Sensor device for detecting the movements performed with the pen as movement or position data. In addition, in the pen housing a Further sensor device for detecting the movements performed in the the pen occurring forces integrated. A data processing unit is used to calculate biometric data depending on the detected Movement data and the recorded writing pressure data.

writing systems for signature verification, for person identification or verification and handwriting and speech recognition must have a very high tamper resistance and have low error rates. In addition, the technical may Realization not too expensive to enable a wide range of applications.

It is therefore the object of the present invention, a biometric Writing system, and a procedure to create low error rates and offers a very high tamper resistance.

This object is achieved by a biometric writing system with the features specified in claim 1, in terms of the method, the task with the Measures of PA 21 solved. According to the invention, a use of the biometric writing system according to the PA30 is further provided.

The The invention relates to a biometric writing system with a pen housing for carrying out hand-guided movements on a base, at least one integrated in the pen housing Microphone for acoustic detection of sound signals transmitted through the hand-held Movements are caused, and with a data processing unit for calculating biometric data as a function of the recorded sound signals.

The Biometric writing system according to the invention allows the generation of person-specific biometric reference data, the for the person are unique. This makes it possible to identify the identity of a to verify the person writing and saved by comparison with Even identify reference data. The biometric according to the invention Writing system allows In addition, a handwriting recognition or hand sketch recognition for Identification and output of handwritten characters in digital Shape.

The Biometric writing system according to the invention contains preferably a data processing unit for the reconstruction of handwritten Signs and texts from the recorded sound signals.

In the pen housing a pen is preferably provided, which is placed on the pad and guided on the pad becomes.

This offers the special advantage that the person is a natural writing feel has, since the inventive biometric Write system behaves like a normal pen.

The by the friction of the pen on the pad during the hand-held Writing movement is caused by acoustic writing noise preferably as structure-borne sound signal over the Pen and / or in addition as airborne sound signal over the ambient air through the integrated in the pen housing Transfer microphone.

There the writing noise not alone about the ambient air, but also transmitted as structure-borne sound signal can be, the writing system of the invention is also suitable for applications in acoustically loud areas.

The Microphone is preferably for transmission of the structure-borne sound signal mechanically coupled with the pen.

there is the microphone in a particularly preferred embodiment for transmission of the structure-borne sound signal mechanically coupled to a stylus connected to the stylus.

Of the orchestras is preferably as a resonator for certain natural frequencies designed.

at a preferred embodiment the biometric according to the invention Writing system is the microphone in a provided in the pen housing Airborne sound chamber arranged.

The Airborne sound chamber is preferably as a resonator for certain Natural frequencies designed.

The Microphone is preferably surrounded by a sound insulation, which provided for the attenuation of ambient noise is and sound signals from the sound body and the airborne sound chamber pass through.

The Airborne sound chamber is over one in the pen case existing housing opening with the ambient air coupled.

The Housing opening can by means of a mechanical closure device for the suppression of External noise can be closed.

This gives the user the opportunity to go through Shut down the opening Noise to suppress the environment.

The Microphone detected when open Housing opening preferably that through the hand-guided writing movement caused internal and external writing noise as a body and airborne sound signal and / or a speech signal originating from a person.

By the acoustic detection of the speech signal in addition to the acoustic detection the writing noise can significantly reduce the error rate in detecting the person become. By combining the evaluation of the speech signal and the writing noise becomes a very high recognition security of the biometric writing system reached.

The Microphone converts the detected acoustic sound signals z. In an electrical sound signal.

The electrical sound signal is z. B. by an analog / digital converter in sound signal data for digital data processing by the data processing unit transformed.

there become the writing noise and the speech signal at the same time or in succession the microphone is detected.

The generated sound signal data are preferably in a memory unit of the biometric writing system can be stored.

The Desk pad is preferably made of any paper.

there the writing pad is preferably a solid pad, the a certain imprinted surface roughness and hardness having.

at a conceivable embodiment of the biometric writing system is in the pen housing Speaker for reproducing detected microphone signals for playback stored biometric reference data and spoken for playback Information provided.

at a conceivable embodiment of the biometric writing system is additionally an optical sensor device provided, the position data of the hand-held pen movement via image signals from the surface recorded the writing pad.

at a further preferred embodiment of the biometric writing system is further a pressure sensor device provided that the static and dynamic pressure of the on the pad patched and hand-guided Pen recorded.

The Microphone can z. B. an electret microphone, a piezoelectric Microphone, a piezoresistive microphone or a capacitive microphone be.

In The pen of the biometric writing system can be a replaceable Pen refill be provided.

These Pen refill is z. B. by means of a switching device from the Pen extendable.

at a preferred embodiment of the biometric writing system has an optical sensor device an imaging optics for imaging the surface of the document and a converter means for converting the optical imaging signal in an electrical signal.

The Imaging optics consists z. B. from optical lenses and / or Glass fibers.

at the transducer device is z. B to a CCD camera or a photodiode array.

Further For example, a diode light source is provided for illuminating the substrate surface.

at a conceivable embodiment is additional a laser diode for illuminating the surface of the substrate and an optical grating integrated in the pin.

The Optical sensor device detects the movements performed with the pen through Comparison of the staggered recorded image sequences of the substrate surface.

at an alternative embodiment the optical sensor device detects the one with the pen conducted Movements by comparing the staggered, recorded Image sequences of the interference of the reflected at the grid and the substrate surface laser light

The Pen refill gives one conceivable in one extended one Condition on the pad when performing the hand-guided movements a writing fluid which enhances the structuring of the backing surface so that the optical detection the hand-held Movements facilitated by means of the optical sensor device and on the Ink typeface on the pad evoked a natural spelling becomes.

The Data processing unit is preferably in the pen housing or integrated in an external receiver unit.

at the external receiving unit is z. B. one Computer, a microcontroller, a cell phone, a credit card reader, a fax machine or to a printer.

The recorded sound signals, the optical motion data and the detected Multi-dimensional print data is transmitted over a data link from the pen case transmitted to the data processing unit integrated in external receiving unit.

The Biometric writing system according to the invention preferably has an encryption unit contained in the pen housing for encryption of sound signal data, optical motion data and print data.

The Data transmission link is wired or wireless.

The Biometric writing system according to the invention preferably has a data memory for storing biometric Reference data, position data of writing movement and spoken Information on.

The biometric reference data is preferably issued by the data processing unit the sound signal data recorded during the writing and speaking of a word, calculated from optical motion data and mechanical pressure data and stored in the reference data memory.

at the reference data storage is z. B. a microchip an identity card, a credit card, an authorization magnetic card or a memory unit of a computer or biometric Writing system.

at it is written and spoken words and signs z. For example, passcodes, passwords, Name or texts.

The Position data of the writing movement are preferably from the at Writing a word recorded sound signal data, optical motion data and mechanical pressure data and stored in the data memory for Handwriting recognition filed.

Of the Reference data memory can be integrated in the pen case be.

The in the external receiving unit integrated data processing unit can be connected to a reference data memory.

The external receiving unit has in a conceivable embodiment of the biometric writing system, a reading unit for reading biometric reference data.

Of the external receiving unit can over a data network to a database with a reference data store be connected.

at the data network is z. For example, the Internet.

at a conceivable embodiment of the biometric writing system compares the data processing unit the calculated current biometric data with the stored biometric reference data for their verification and identification.

The Data processing unit generates with broad agreement the current biometric data with the stored reference data Identification or verification indication signal.

at a particularly preferred embodiment of the biometric writing system according to the invention recognizes the Data processing unit in complete agreement of the current biometric data with the stored biometric reference data the current biometric data is stored as a pirated copy of the Reference data and generates a corresponding warning signal.

The Data processing unit generates in deviation of the current biometric Data with stored biometric reference data is a deviation indication signal.

at a conceivable embodiment of the biometric writing system, this has at least one actuator upon generating the identification or verification indication signal is pressed.

The The invention further provides a method for generating person-specific biometric reference data with the steps of PA21.

at a conceivable embodiment of the method for the generation of person-specific biometric Reference data, the process steps are performed several times and the respective determined reference data evaluated statistically, wherein the evaluated data is encrypted as person-specific reference data and subsequently be stored.

at a conceivable embodiment become the statistically evaluated, person-specific reference data in a microchip of an ID card, in a microchip one Credit card, an authorization magnetic card or the storage unit a computer or a writing system stored.

It can additionally a speech signal originating from the person is recorded acoustically and corresponding sound signal data are generated.

Furthermore be in a conceivable embodiment the method according to the invention for the generation of person-specific, biometric reference data who performed at the Writing movement of the pen in at least one spatial direction occurring typists Pressure sensors detected and corresponding at least one-dimensional Write print data generated.

Further be z. For example, when writing a character, a word or a string of words / words with the pen on the pad hand-held Write movements recorded optically and generates corresponding write movement data.

The biometric reference data are z. B. from the sound intensity of digital Zeitschallsi gnals determined by means of feature extraction, from the calculated frequency spectrum of the sonic signal by means of feature extraction and from the generated during writing and speaking a word optical motion data and writing pressure data and stored encrypted in the reference data memory as person-specific biometric reference data.

It takes place for. As a data reduction of the static and dynamic Write motion data, the writing pressure data, the optical motion data and the sound signal data by clustering.

Out the data-reduced cluster data are z. B. Feature Parameters extracted.

The generated biometric reference data will be inside or outside of the pen stored.

A conceivable method for verifying a person comprises the following steps, namely
acoustically detecting hand-held writing movements performed with a pen on a pad when a character, word or phrase is written by the person, and generating corresponding sonic signal data,
Storing the generated sound signal data as a digital sound-time signal,
Calculating an associated frequency spectrum from the sound-time signal by means of Fourier transformation,
Determining first current biometric data from the sound intensity of the digital time-domain signal by means of feature extraction,
Determining second current biometric data from the calculated frequency spectrum of the sound-time signal by means of feature extraction, and
Comparing the current biometric data with stored biometric reference data of the subject to verify that the current biometric data is substantially consistent with the subject's stored biometric reference data.

there be z. B. in addition a speech signal originating from the person is recorded acoustically and generates corresponding sound signal data.

A conceivable method for identifying a person comprises the following steps, namely
acoustically detecting hand-held writing movements performed on a pad by a person writing a character, word or phrase by a person, and generating corresponding sound signal data;
Storing the generated sound signal data as a digital sound-time signal,
Calculating an associated frequency spectrum from the sound-time signal by means of Fourier transformation,
Determining first current biometric data from the sound intensity of the digital sound-time signal by means of feature extraction,
Determining current second biometric data from the calculated frequency spectrum of the sound-time signal by means of feature extraction,
Comparing the current biometric data with stored biometric reference data of a plurality of individuals to identify whether the current biometric data is substantially consistent with the stored biometric reference data of one of the stored individuals.

there is z. B. in addition an originating from the person speech signal is acoustically detected and corresponding Generated sound signal data.

A conceivable method for handwriting recognition and / or hand sketch recognition comprises the following steps, namely
acoustically detecting hand-held writing motions performed with a pen on a pad when a character is writing or sketching a character, word or phrase by a person, and generating corresponding sonic signal data,
Storing the generated sound signal data as a digital sound-time signal,
Calculating an associated frequency spectrum from the sound signal data by Fourier transformation,
Determining first current acoustic data from the sound intensity of the digital sound-time signal by means of feature extraction for data reduction,
Determining current second acoustic data for calculating the frequency spectrum of the sound-time signal by means of feature extraction for data reduction,
Calculating a sequence of feature vectors from the acoustic data,
Comparing the sequence of feature vectors with stored person-specific reference feature vectors,
Selecting a sequence of reference feature vectors having the least deviation from the respective feature vectors,
Determining the character, the word or the word sequence from the sequence of selected reference feature vectors by means of statistical, connectionist and knowledge-based methods.

In addition, can a speech signal originating from the person is recorded acoustically, and corresponding sound signal data are generated.

When writing or sketching a Character, a word or a character / word sequence with the pen on the pad hand-held writing movements are z. B. additionally detected optically and generates corresponding position data.

In addition, the at the performed Writing movement of the pen in at least one spatial direction occurring forces detected by pressure sensors and corresponding, at least one-dimensional Writing pressure data are generated.

at a conceivable embodiment the method according to the invention for handwriting recognition and / or hand sketch recognition the character, the word or phrase from the sequence of selected reference feature vectors, from the position data and from the writing pressure data by means of statistical, connectionist and knowledge-based procedures.

at a conceivable embodiment the method according to the invention become the identified sign of the executing person to their control visually and / or acoustically confirmed.

The generated person-specific reference data are z. B. for Identification of psychological and / or physiological features of the Person evaluated.

The Biometric writing system according to the invention is widely used.

at a conceivable embodiment The biometric writing system becomes a computer input device uses.

at an alternative use is the writing system according to the invention used as a voice input device, in particular as a dictation machine.

The Biometric writing system according to the invention is used to detect a person's neuromotor movement disorders.

The Biometric writing system according to the invention Further, as a therapy system for the correction of neuromotor movement disorders Person used.

The Biometric writing system according to the invention is also used as a graphological system for the determination of psychological / physiological features used by a person.

The Biometric writing system according to the invention is used as a training system for learning writing.

The Biometric writing system according to the invention is used as a training system for learning a language.

Of Other preferred embodiments the biometric writing system according to the invention and the method of the invention for personal identification, for person verification, for generation biometric reference data as well as handwriting and hand sketch recognition with reference to the attached Figures for explanation features essential to the invention described.

It demonstrate:

1 a schematic diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of the biometric writing system according to the invention;

2 a sectional view through a pen housing of the biometric writing system according to the invention;

3 a sectional view through a pen housing with optical sensor device according to a preferred embodiment of the biometric writing system according to the invention;

4 a flowchart for explaining the handwriting recognition by means of the biometric writing system according to the invention;

5 a sketch for explaining an optical or acoustic feedback for the person writing;

6 acoustically recorded writing noise at different writing speeds on cardboard and writing paper;

7 an acoustically detected sound-time signal when writing the letter "a" three times;

8th an acoustically detected sound-time signal when writing the letter "b" three times;

9 Frequency signals when writing the letters "a" and "b" over time;

10 an amplitude frequency signal when writing an associated letter "a";

11 dynamic behavior of some frequency lines when writing the letter "a";

12 dynamic behavior of some frequency lines when writing the letter "b";

1 shows a schematic block diagram of the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 , The biometric writing system according to the invention 1 includes a pen 2 in a pen case 3 is integrated. The pen 2 is used to perform hand-guided movements on a base 4 , At the pad 4 it can be any surface with any surface. Preferably, it is the pad 4 for paper. The writing pad 4 is preferably a solid support which has a certain imposed surface roughness and hardness.

The pen 2 preferably includes a replaceable pen refill, which by means of a mechanical switching device, not shown, from the pen 2 is extendable. The pen case 3 is used to perform hand-guided movements on the surface 4 , This is to impart a normal typing feel through the pen 2 and its pen refill a writing fluid on the pad 4 submitted to the optical feedback for the person writing. When placing the pen 2 on the surface and its movement on the surface arise writing noise. In the pen case 3 is in the writing system according to the invention 1 at least one microphone 5 intended for the acoustic detection of sound signals. The microphone 5 detects the sound signals caused by the hand movements, ie the writing noise caused by the writing movement. The friction of the pen 2 on the pad 4 During the hand-held writing movement caused acoustic writing noise on the one hand as a structure-borne sound signal on the pen 2 and on the other hand, as an airborne sound signal via the ambient air to the microphone 5 transfer. This is the microphone 5 for transmitting the structure-borne sound signal mechanically with the pen 2 coupled. At the in 1 illustrated preferred embodiment is the microphone 5 for transmitting the structure-borne sound signal mechanically with a with the pen 2 connected sounding body 6 coupled. The sound body 6 is preferably designed as a resonator for certain natural frequencies.

As in 1 represented, is the microphone 5 in one in the font box 3 provided airborne sound chamber 7 , The airborne sound chamber 7 is preferably designed as a resonator for certain natural frequencies. The microphone 5 is of a sound insulation 8a . 8b surrounded, which is intended to attenuate ambient noise and only sound signals from the orchestra 6 and the air switching chamber 7 pass through. The airborne sound chamber 7 is about one in the pen housing 3 existing housing opening coupled to the ambient air. In this case, the housing opening is preferably by means of a mechanical closure device 9 can be closed to suppress external noise. The microphone 5 recorded when the housing opening open caused by the hand-held writing movement internal and external writing noise as a body and airborne sound signal and additionally originates from a person speech signal. The microphone 5 converts the detected acoustic sound signals into an electrical sound signal.

The electrical sound signal is converted by an analog / digital converter in sound signal data for digital data processing. The digital signal data is sent via a signal line 10 a data processing unit 11 for further data processing. The writing noise generated during writing and the speech signal additionally received by the person are either simultane- ously or in chronological succession through the microphone 5 recorded and converted into corresponding sound signal data. The data processing unit 11 supplied sound signal data are preferably in a dedicated memory unit 12 connected to the data processing unit 11 via lines 13 connected, stored.

Next to the microphone 5 as an acoustic sensor has the in

1 represented, inventive biometric writing system 1 preferably additionally an optical sensor device 14 on, the position data of the hand-held pen movement via image signals from the surface of the writing pad 4 detected. The optical sensor device is via a signal line 15 also to the data processing unit 11 connected.

With the microphone 5 it may be, for example, an electret microphone, a piezoelectric microphone, a piezoresistive microphone or a capacitive microphone. The optical sensor device 14 preferably includes an imaging optics for imaging the substrate surface and a transducer means for converting the optical imaging signal into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is converted into position data or movement data by an analog / digital converter and via the signal line 15 to the data processing unit 11 issued. The imaging optics of the optical sensor device 14 preferably consists of optical lenses and / or glass fibers. The transducer device may be a CCD camera or a photodi odenarray act. Preferably, a diode light source for illuminating the substrate surface is additionally provided. Further, a laser diode for illuminating an optical grating integrated in the stylus is provided. The optical sensor device 14 captures those with the pen 2 performed movements by comparing the temporally offset recorded image sequences showing the surface of the pad. Alternatively, the optical sensor device 14 also be designed so that they with the pen 2 movements detected by comparing the temporally offset recorded image sequences of the interference of the laser light reflected at the grid and the substrate surface.

The pen refill is in the extended state on the surface 4 when performing the hand-guided movements from a writing liquid, which increases the structuring of the surface, so that the optical detection of the hand-guided movements by means of the optical sensor device 14 is relieved. Furthermore, a natural spelling is effected via the ink typeface on the pad at the writing person.

The data processing unit 11 is how in 1 shown in the pen case 3 integrated. In an alternative embodiment, the data processing unit can also be integrated in an external receiving unit. Such a receiving unit is for example a computer, a microcontroller, a mobile phone, a credit card reader, a fax machine or a printer.

The through the microphone 5 recorded sound signal data and by the optical sensor device 14 recorded movement data, if the data processing unit is located externally in a local computer, over a data transmission link 18 from the pen case 3 to this local machine 20 transfer. The data processing unit 11 is how in 1 to recognize, over a line 16 to a downstream encryption unit 17 connected. The encryption unit 17 serves to encrypt the data processing unit 11 inside the pen case 1 emitted sound signal data and the acquired optical motion data. The encrypted data is transmitted over the data link 18 wireless or wired to a computing device 19 within the local computer 20 transfer. The local computer 20 has next to the data processing unit 19 about a memory 21 and an ad 22 , each via signal lines 23 . 24 with the data processing unit 19 are connected. The data processing unit 19 of the local computer 20 is also via lines 25 with a reading unit 26 connected. In addition, the data processing unit controls 19 of the local computer 20 via control lines 27 an actor 28 for example a security door. The data processing unit 19 is over a line 29 with a data network 30 connected to an external database 31 connected. On the data network 30 it is preferably the Internet.

This in 1 illustrated biometric writing system 1 contains an acoustic sensor device 5 and an optical sensor device 14 , In a preferred embodiment, the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 In addition, a pressure sensor device on the static and dynamic pressure of the on the pad 4 patch hand-held pen recorded and corresponding writing pressure data to the data processing unit 11 emits. The acquired sound signal data, the optical motion data and the acquired multi-dimensional print data are acquired by the data processing unit 11 after appropriate encryption by the encryption unit 17 over the data transmission link 18 from the pen case 3 to those in the local machine 20 integrated data processing unit 19 transfer. From the acquired sound signal data, the optical motion data and the mechanical writing pressure data are transmitted by the data processing unit located inside or outside the pen housing 3 calculated biometric reference data and stored in a reference data memory, for example in the memory 12 or the memory 21 , filed. In the case of the reference data memory, alternative embodiments may be a memory within an identity card, a credit card, an authorization magnetic card or a storage unit of any computer. The written words and characters whose writing sounds are acoustically detected by the microphone and delivered as sound signal data are, in particular, written pin codes, passwords, names or handwritten texts. The character written by the person can be spoken at the same time by the person and as speech signal also by the microphone 5 be recorded.

The in the local calculator 20 provided reading unit 26 For example, it is used to read a portable storage medium for biometric reference data. In the data processing unit 31 Calculated, up-to-date biometric data can be compared with stored biometric reference data for verification and identification. If the current biometric data is largely consistent with the stored reference data, the data processing unit generates 11 respectively. 19 an identification or verification indication signal. It is on the data processing unit 19 after generating the identification or Verifyanzeigesignals an actuator, such as a security door, operated.

Detects the data processing unit 11 respectively. 19 A complete match of the current biometric data with stored biometric reference data, the current biometric reference data are processed by the data processing unit 11 . 19 detected as a pirated copy of the stored reference data and a corresponding warning signal is generated.

The stored person-specific biometric reference data are first by the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 generated for later comparisons. The generation of the person-specific biometric reference data takes place as follows. First, the hand-held writing moves with the stylus 2 be performed on the pad when writing a character, word or phrase by a person, acoustically detected, ie the writing sound is through the microphone 5 recorded acoustically. The microphone 5 generates after analog / digital conversion sound signal data sent to the data processing unit 11 be delivered. The sound signal data is stored as a digital sound-time signal and from the stored sound-time signal an associated frequency spectrum is calculated by Fourier transformation. By means of feature extraction, first biometric reference data are determined from the sound intensity of the stored digital sound time signal. From the calculated frequency spectrum of the sound-time signal, second biometric reference data are determined by means of feature extraction. These method steps are preferably carried out several times, and the respectively determined reference data are evaluated statistically, wherein the evaluated data are stored encrypted as person-specific reference data. The statistically evaluated, person-specific reference data are preferably stored in a microchip of an identity card, a microchip of a credit card, in an authorization magnetic card or in the memory unit of a computer or writing system. In addition to the writing noise, the microphone 5 additionally acoustically detect a voice signal originating from the person and corresponding sound signal data to the data processing unit 11 submit. Preferably, in addition by the optical sensor device 14 the hand-held writing movements optically detected and corresponding write motion data generated, the to the data processing unit 11 be delivered. In addition, preferably in the performed writing movement of the pen 2 recorded writing forces detected via pressure sensors, not shown, and corresponding at least one-dimensional writing pressure data to the data processing unit 11 issued. The data processing unit 11 determines the biometric reference data from the sound intensity of the digital time-signal by means of feature extraction, from the calculated frequency spectrum of the sound-time signal by means of feature extraction and from the generated during writing and speaking a word optical motion data and generated writing pressure data. Preferably, a data reduction of the static and dynamic writing movement data, the writing pressure data, the optical movement data and the sound signal data takes place by means of clustering. Feature parameters are then extracted from the data-reduced cluster data.

2 shows a preferred embodiment of a pen of the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 , This in 2 illustrated pen housing 3 is for example an ordinary ballpoint pen housing. In the pen case 3 there is a pen 2 with integrated pen refill. The pen 2 is mechanical with a sound body 6 connected to the transmission of structure-borne sound signals. The recording of the writing noise through the microphone 5 done via the pen 2 and the soundbody 6 , In an alternative embodiment, the pen 2 even serve as a sounding body. In addition to the writing noise, the microphone can 5 acoustically detect a speech signal originating from a person when the air switching chamber 7 or the acoustic window is connected by opening a closure device with the environment. The detection of the writing noise and the speech signal can be simultaneously or sequentially by the microphone 5 respectively. At the in 2 illustrated preferred embodiment is the microphone 5 an electret microphone. At the in 2 illustrated embodiment is additionally in the pen housing 3 a loudspeaker 32 intended. The speaker is used to reproduce detected microphone signals, and moreover, the speaker 32 used to reproduce stored biometric reference data and to reproduce spoken information. At the speaker 32 it is preferably a miniaturized commercial speaker.

When writing or when moving the pen on the pad 4 creates an acoustic write signal or a writing noise. The pen 2 can consist of a ballpoint pen refill, an ink spring or a rod with a defined tip. The underlay 4 consists for example of paper or a support with natural and additionally imprinted surface roughness and hardness. The surface roughness of the substrate 4 leads when writing the pen 2 to statistically stimulated, forced vibrations of the pad and the pen, ie there are statistical scratch and scraping noises. Depending on the design of the writing instrument and the documents, airborne sound waves and / or structure-borne sound waves are caused and transmitted to the microphone 5 within the cursive box 3 transfer. The pencil 2 with the housing 3 as a sounding body as well as the airborne sound chamber 7 in the pen case 3 are optimally interpretable according to the laws of acoustics. The sound body 6 and the airborne sound space 7 are preferably set as resonators with certain frequencies. In this case, preferably frequencies are used which have the largest dynamic range in the amplitude change during writing.

When writing the stylus gives the microphone 5 a sound time signal that is significantly above the noise signal and whose sound intensity is sensitive to the writing speed and to a very small part of the different roughness of the writing pad and the different average contact pressure of the writing mine dependent. The sound intensity of the recorded sound time signal increases with the writing speed. At the same writing speed, the intensity differences in different writing paper surfaces are negligible. The frequency spectrum of the recorded sound-time signal consists of a continuous noise spectrum, which is clearly superimposed by characteristic frequency lines. The frequency lines occur mainly at frequencies below 2 kHz. The amplitudes of these frequency lines increase significantly at the same frequency position with the writing speed. The amplitudes of the frequency lines decrease slightly with increasing surface roughness of the desk pad 4 to. The frequency positions remain unchanged. At the same writing speed, the amplitudes are almost independent of the used writing pad 4 , The airborne muffled microphone 5 is insensitive to sound events in the environment. When the pen case 3 is completely closed, has the airborne sound chamber 7 no connection with the ambient air. With closed air chamber 7 have ambient noise, especially spoken words or engine noise, when writing no effect on the recorded sonic signal. In this case, only the sound produced by the writing mine is through the microphone 5 added.

The biometric characteristics of the person's writing dynamics are determined from the temporal change of the acoustic microphone signals and / or the amplitudes of selected spectral lines. Since only the dynamics of the recorded sound signals is evaluated for the generation of biometric reference data, the influence of different roughnesses of the document is 4 and the influence of manufacturing variations in the manufacture of the writing instrument negligible. Spatifications in the writing dynamics are therefore person-related or person-specific and can therefore be evaluated for identification and verification of the person. That through the microphone 5 acoustically detected sonic signal is in contrast to writing pressure signals, which reflect the pen pressure in different directions, regardless of how the pen on the pad 4 is held. That through the microphone 5 generated sound signal does not change when the pen housing 3 is held differently rotated about the longitudinal axis. This in 2 illustrated writing instrument can with regard to the geometry, the material, the layer structure, the damping and the acoustic coupling between the sound source and the microphone 5 be dimensioned so that optimal, little acoustically susceptible biometric features can be generated for authentication methods. In the pen case 3 an acoustic window or opening is provided which can be opened by the person for voice recording by pressing a button. For this purpose, a relatively small opening in the pen housing is sufficient 3 to the airborne sound when talking through the microphone 5 to include. To capture the pure acoustic writing signal or writing noise, the housing window is closed by the person.

3 shows a further preferred embodiment of the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 , At the in 3 shown, particularly preferred embodiment are in the pen housing 3 next to the microphone 5 for acoustic detection of write housings additionally provided additional sensor devices. The in 3 shown biometric pen additionally contains an optical sensor device 33 , The optical sensor device 33 It captures the position data of the hand-held pen movement via image signals from the surface of the writing pad 4 , The optical sensor device 33 includes imaging optics for imaging the substrate surface and transducer means for converting the optical imaging signal to an electrical signal.

The imaging optics include an optical lens 33a , The lens optics may be glass fiber bundles or GRIN lenses. The converter device 33c the optical sensor device 33 is for example a CCD camera with integrated microprocessor. Alternatively, a photodiode array can be used. Preferably, a diode light source for illuminating the substrate surface is additionally provided. At an alterna In the embodiment, the laser diode additionally serves to illuminate an optical grating integrated in the stylus.

The optical sensor device 33 captures those with the pen 2 performed movements by comparing the temporally offset recorded image sequences of the substrate surface. In an alternative embodiment, the optical sensor means detects the one with the pen 2 performed movements by comparing the temporally offset recorded image sequences of the interference of the laser light reflected at the grid and the substrate surface. The pen refill 2 in the extended state, it lays on the surface 4 when performing the hand-guided movements of a writing fluid, which increases the structuring of the surface of the substrate. As a result, the optical detection of the hand-guided movements by means of the optical sensor device 33 easier, and via the ink typeface, a person receives feedback, which facilitates natural spelling.

In the 3 illustrated, particularly preferred embodiment of the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 contains next to the microphone 5 for detecting an acoustic writing sound and the optical sensor device 33 for generating position or movement data additionally also a pressure sensor for detecting the writing pressure. The pressure sensor system consists, for example, of strain gages DMS or force-sensitive resistors FSR and piezo sensors 34a . 34b . 34c . 34d that the static and dynamic pressure of the on the pad 4 attached and hand-held pen 2 sensory capture. The through the microphone 5 emitted sound signal data from the optical sensor device 33 outputted motion data and the acquired multi-dimensional writing pressure data become an integrated data processing unit 11a . 11b inside the pen case 3 fed and processed into biometric data. The determined biometric data are preferably stored in a data memory 12 inside the pen case 3 cached. The current determined biometric data are then preferably encrypted by an encryption unit and transmitted via a data transmission link to a remote computer.

At the in 3 illustrated embodiment, by moving a sound insulation 8b inside the pen case 3 the acoustic window 7 be switched between voice and write sound recording. In a noisy environment, closing the acoustic window, for example, can be very helpful 7 the disturbing outside noise can be suppressed. To increase the recognition security, the person can open the acoustic window and, for example, a written password at the same time or offset in addition to speak.

That in the 1 to 3 illustrated biometric writing system 1 is versatile. The biometric writing system 1 can be used as a computer input device. In addition, the biometric writing system is suitable 1 as a voice input device, in particular as a voice recorder. A further application possibility is the identification and verification of a writing person by comparing currently obtained biometric data with stored biometric reference data of persons. When verifying a person, it is checked whether, for example, the given signature actually comes from the right person. For this purpose, the currently generated biometric data are compared with stored reference data of this person. The prerequisite for this is that first the person-specific biometric reference data of this person are generated. For this purpose, hand-held writing movements, which are carried out by this person under supervision, are recorded acoustically. The executive person signs, for example, under supervision with their signature, and the microphone 5 within the writing instrument detects the sound signals occurring during the writing noise. The recorded writing sounds are sent as sound signal data to the data processing unit 11 issued. The sound signal data is stored in memory 12 cached as digital sound time signals. Subsequently, by the data processing unit 11 a calculation of the associated frequency spectrum, for example by means of Fourier transformation. From the stored digital switching time signal first biometric reference data are determined by means of feature extraction. From the calculated and stored frequency spectrum of the switching time signal, second biometric reference data are also determined by means of feature extraction. These method steps can preferably also be carried out several times, and the respectively determined biometric reference data are statistically evaluated. The evaluated data are then encrypted and stored as person-specific reference data. The generated biometric reference data can then be used for person verification and person identification in a variety of applications. The generated person-specific reference data are stored, for example, in a microchip of an identity card, in a microchip of a credit card, in an authorization magnetic card or in any memory unit of a computer. In the generation of biometric Re Reference data is preferably additionally derived from the person originating speech signal acoustically and generates corresponding sound signal data. For example, the person concerned may sign under a bank or authority under supervision and at the same time or subsequently speak his own name. To further increase security, the typographical forces occurring during signature performance can also be detected and evaluated by means of the pressure sensor system. A further increase in security results from additional optical detection of the hand-held writing movement, ie an optical detection of the position data of the signature provided. The in 3 The stylus sensory records a variety of person-specific features, in particular the typeface of the signed signature, the static and dynamic writing pressure occurring when the signature is written, the writing noise generated when writing the signature, and additionally the word spoken by the person writing, for example their name or a password , All these data are processed and stored to biometric reference data. At the same time, the reliability of detection and the protection against tampering are very high, since a wide variety of person-specific features are detected and evaluated by sensors. To verify a person, the current biometric data generated by the writing system is compared with the person's previously generated and stored biometric reference data to determine if the current biometric data is broadly consistent with the person's stored biometric reference data. However, a 100% match is probably a pirated copy of the stored reference data, and the biometric writing system 1 According to the invention emits a corresponding warning signal.

at The person identification becomes the current biometric data with stored biometric reference data of a plurality of People compared and selected the person whose biometric Reference data best match current biometric data.

In addition to person verification and personal identification, the biometric writing system according to the invention can additionally be used for handwriting recognition and / or hand sketch recognition. 4 schematically shows the steps for handwriting recognition. The while writing the pen 2 on the pad 3 When writing or sketching a character, a word or a word sequence occurring writing noise is through the microphone 5 recorded acoustically and converted into corresponding sound signal data. After an acoustic signal processing, a coding takes place. The generated sound signal data are buffered as a digital sound-time signal, and then the associated frequency spectrum is calculated from the sound signal data by means of Fourier transformation.

In In a further step, the first current acoustic data is output the sound intensity of the digital sound-time signal by means of feature extraction for data reduction certainly. From the calculated frequency spectrum of the sound time signal are also using feature extraction current second acoustic Data determined. This step also serves primarily to reduce data. The acoustic data eventually becomes a sequence of feature vectors and these calculated feature vectors are stored with Person-specific reference feature vectors in a pattern comparison compared. It then becomes a sequence of reference feature vectors, the least deviation from the respective feature vectors have selected. From the sequence of selected reference feature vectors through statistical, connectionist and knowledge-based methods the written sign, the written word or the written one Word sequence determined.

The statistical methods are, for example, hidden Markov models for recognizing a larger vocabulary. In the connectionist methods, neural network models are used in particular to detect a limited vocabulary. The knowledge-based methods are, for example, fuzzy logic models. In the position of the writing system, the reference feature vectors are generated and stored in a person-specific manner by repeated handwritten writing of a training text in a system-specific manner and before the system is used. Over longer periods of use, the person's reference feature vectors are adaptively and automatically updated using newly written characters and words. All methods are based on acoustic models of characters, letters, syllables and words in the vocabulary of a language in phonetic transcription. The phonetic notation of the vocabulary of a language is formed by sound elements, ie short, allophones of the writing noise. Each word of the vocabulary is stored as a sequence of allophones. The acoustic models determine, from the vocabulary in phonetic transcription, several word candidates that are most likely to belong to the acoustic symbol sequence. The probability for each word is determined by the HMM (Hidden Markow models) or the neuro-fuzzy systems. The most likely word candidate is determined via a threshold decision or via a word sequence statistics model or language model. The identified character is then, for example, as a formatted text or as a hand written text. To increase the reliability of detection, the written character or word is preferably additionally pronounced by the person and recorded acoustically by the microphone. In addition, the position data of the hand-held writing movement are optically detected. A further increase in security is achieved by detecting the writing pressure data occurring when writing the word.

The through the writing system according to the invention 1 generated personal reference data can be evaluated to determine psychological and / or physiological characteristics of the person. In particular, by means of the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 the occurrence of neuromotor movement disorders of a person are detected. The biometric writing system according to the invention is therefore suitable for the diagnosis of psychological and / or physiological features as well as for the diagnosis of neuromotor movement disorders of the person.

5 shows a particularly preferred embodiment of the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 with an optoacoustic feedback for the person writing. From the pen 3 The obtained biometric data is sent to a local computer 20 transmitted via lines 35a . 35b the person typing on a screen 36a and a speaker 36b there is an optoacoustic feedback. In this configuration, the biometric writing system according to the invention is suitable 1 as a system for the treatment of movement disorders of the person. Due to the optoacoustic feedback, the person who may have a neuromotor movement disorder can learn to write again.

Another interesting application is the use of the biometric writing system 1 as it is in 5 is shown as a training system for learning writing. In particular, the biometric writing system according to the invention is suitable 1 as a training system for learning a language, especially a foreign language. For example, the learner may say a word on the pad 4 Write, and in the pen housing 3 integrated speaker reproduces the word in the correct pronunciation of the foreign language. Through a learning program for students or people with coordination difficulties, such as stroke patients, given numbers or characters on the pad 4 are attached by the person to be traced with the pen. For example, a student may have a predetermined number or character on the pad 4 trace and receive an optoacoustic feedback. For people with coordination difficulties, a documentation of their learning progress is possible by means of writing pressure. For children it is by means of the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 as it is in 5 is shown, it is possible to easily learn to write the alphabet. In addition, production exercises, awareness exercises and imitation exercises are possible.

6 shows the behavior of the writing system according to the invention 1 when writing on different documents. The 6a . 6b show the recorded time signal at different writing speeds on a cardboard surface and on a writing paper block. In the example shown, a line is drawn at increasing speed on the cardboard and the writing paper block. The 6c . 6d show the corresponding frequency spectra.

The 7 shows a time-sound signal, the triple writing the letter "a" in the writing of the pen on a writing pad by means of the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 is generated. How one 7 can be, the sound-time signal is very well repeatable or reproducible, so that the letter "a" can be specifically recognized.

8th also shows a time-signal generated when writing a letter "b" three times. The letter "b" also has a characteristic sound-time waveform.

The 9a shows amplitude frequency signals over time for the letter "a", and the 9b shows amplitude frequency signals for writing the letter "b" over time.

The 10a . 10b show in principle how the amplitude frequency lines change dynamically over time when writing a letter, for example a letter "a". At the time t0, the writing person sets the pen (starting point AP) and performs the writing movement. The spectrum existing at time t0 changes dynamically over time. 10b shows the change of the spectrum at time t0 at time t1.

The 11 show the dynamic behavior of some frequency lines when writing a letter "a". In the illustrated example, the best representation of the letter "a" is at the frequency line f = 86.133 hertz.

The 12 show the dynamic behavior of some frequency lines when writing a letter "b". The best representation of the letter "b" provides the frequency line f = 86.133 hertz.

The writing system according to the invention 1 can be designed such that it captures the frequency lines of the handwritten characters in the largest possible dynamic range with large amplitude values.

The biometric writing system according to the invention 1 has a variety of applications. It can be used as a biometric authentication system for personal identification and verification. The writing system according to the invention 1 is suitable as a computer input device as a replacement for a computer mouse or keyboard commands, especially for password entry. Furthermore, the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 used for electronic speech and handwriting recognition. Another broad field of application is in the field of biometric diagnosis and therapy. Finally, the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 be used for training purposes, for example to learn how to write, to learn foreign languages or to solve coordination difficulties. Important fields of application of the writing system according to the invention result in the field of e-commerce, in particular on the Internet, such as in banks, commerce and credit card issuance. The biometric writing system according to the invention 1 can also be used as a biometric personal access and security control system in all security areas with high tamper resistance and low error rates. Further uses exist in forensic use in criminalistics, border guards or the police. In addition, the biometric writing system according to the invention 1 used for communication between man and machine, in particular as a dictating machine, or for verbal and handwritten machine control.

The biometric writing system according to the invention 1 as it is in 1 to 3 is shown, can be produced inexpensively with relatively little technical effort, so that open up wide application.

1

biometric writing system

2

pen

3

Pen housing

4

document

5

microphone

6

orchestras

7

Airborne sound chamber

8th

soundproofing

9

closure device

10

management

11

Data processing unit

12

Storage

13

cables

14

optical sensor device

15

cables

16

cables

17

encryption unit

18

Data transmission link

19

Data processing unit

20

local computer

21

Storage

22

display

23

management

24

management

25

management

26

reader

27

control line

28

actuator

29

management

30

network

31

Database

32

speaker

33

optical sensor device

34

sensor device

35

management

36

acoustic Feedback devices

Claims (30)

Biometric acoustic writing system ( 1 ) with: (a) a pen housing ( 3 ) for carrying out hand-guided movements on a support ( 4 ); (b) at least one in the pen housing ( 3 ) built-in microphone ( 5 ) for the acoustic detection of sound signals, characterized by (c) a data processing unit ( 11 ) for the calculation of person-specific biometric data as a function of detected sound signals generated by hand-guided movements of the pen housing ( 3 ) on the base ( 4 ). Biometric, acoustic writing system according to claim 1, characterized in that by the friction of the pen ( 2 ) on the base ( 4 ) during the hand-held writing movement an acoustic writing sound is produced, which as structure-borne sound signal via the pen ( 2 ) and as an airborne sound signal via the ambient air to the microphone ( 5 ), the writing pad ( 4 ) is a solid support having a certain impressed surface roughness and hardness. Biometric acoustic writing system according to claim 2, characterized in that the microphone ( 5 ) is mechanically coupled to the transmission of the structure-borne sound signal to the stylus. Biometric, acoustic writing system according to claim 2, characterized in that the microphone ( 5 ) for transmitting the structure-borne sound signal mechanically with one with the pen ( 2 ) connected sounding body ( 6 ) is coupled. Biometric acoustic writing system according to claim 4, characterized in that the orchestra ( 6 ) is designed as a resonator for certain natural frequencies. Biometric acoustic writing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the microphone ( 5 ) in one in the pen housing ( 3 ) provided airborne sound chamber ( 7 ), wherein the airborne sound chamber ( 7 ) is designed as a resonator for certain natural frequencies. Biometric acoustic writing system according to claim 6, characterized in that the microphone ( 5 ) and the resonator of a sound insulation ( 8th ) are surrounded, which is intended to attenuate ambient noise and transmits sound signals only on the write mine. Biometric acoustic writing system according to claim 6, characterized in that the microphone ( 5 ) with the housing opening open the caused by the hand-held writing movement internal and external writing noise as a body and airborne sound signal and / or originating from a person speech signal acoustically detected. Biometric acoustic writing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the writing pad ( 4 ) consists of any paper. Biometric, acoustic writing system according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition a pressure sensor device is provided, the static in at least one spatial direction and dynamic writing pressure of the patch on the pad and hand-held Pen recorded. Biometric writing system according to claim 10, characterized in that the pressure sensor device ( 34 ) comprise piezoelectric, piezoresistive, magnetic sensors or force-sensitive electrical resistors. Biometric writing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the data processing unit ( 11 ) in the pen housing ( 3 ) is integrated. Biometric, acoustic writing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the data processing unit ( 11 ) are provided for the biometric feature extraction and also for the reconstruction of handwritten characters and texts from the detected sound and pressure signals. Biometric writing system according to claim 1, characterized in that in the pen housing ( 3 ) an encryption unit ( 17 ) is provided for the encryption of biometric reference data. Biometric writing system according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that a data memory for storing biometric Reference data and data of handwritten characters, texts and spoken language is provided. Biometric writing system according to claim 15, characterized in that the biometric reference data are processed by the data processing unit ( 11 ) are calculated from the sound and pressure signal data acquired during the writing and speaking of at least one character or word and stored in a reference data memory, wherein additionally biometric reference data of a fingerprint sensor ( 39 ) by the data processing unit ( 11 ) and stored in the reference data memory. Biometric writing system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the data processing unit ( 11 . 19 ) compares the calculated current biometric data with the stored biometric reference data for their verification and identification. Biometric writing system according to claim 17, characterized in that the data processing unit ( 11 ; 19 ) generates an identification or Verifikationsanzeigesignal when the current biometric data with the stored reference data is largely consistent. Biometric writing system according to claim 18, characterized in that the data processing unit at ( 11 ; 19 ) fully matches the current biometric data with the stored biometric reference data, recognizes the current biometric data as pirated of the stored reference data and generates a warning signal. Biometric writing system according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that with the stored reference data one over the handwritten input identified or verified person currently written, simple characters and words are reconstructed. A method of generating person-specific biometric reference data comprising the steps of: (a) Acoustic sensing of hand-held Write movements that are performed with a pen ( 2 ) on a base ( 4 ) when writing a character, word or phrase by a person, and generating corresponding sound signal data; (b) storing the generated sound signal data as a digital sound-time signal; (c) simultaneously detecting writing pressure signal data for writing pressure transmitted from the pen to at least one pressure sensor; (d) storing the generated pressure signal data as digital time signals; (e) calculating frequency spectra as a spectrogram from the stored time-segmented sound and pressure time signals by means of fast Fourier transformation; (f) determining amplitude-time signals of selected frequencies for detecting the amplitude dynamics in the spectrogram of the sonic and print time signals; (g) calculating an associated frequency spectrum from the selected amplitude time signals by means of fast Fourier transformation; (h) determining first biometric data by means of feature extraction from the sound intensity of the digital time signals; (i) determining second biometric data by means of feature extraction from the pressure-time signals; (j) determining third biometric data by means of feature extraction from the calculated frequency spectra of the amplitude-time acoustic signals; (k) determining fourth biometric data by means of feature extraction from the calculated frequency spectra of the amplitude-time signals of the dynamic writing pressure data Method according to claim 21, characterized that in a training phase biometric reference data and in a Working phase the current biometric data from the acoustic write signal data and the write-print data for corresponding ones Characters, sketches or words are determined and stored. Method according to PA21 for verification and identification a person with the following steps: (a) Compare the current biometric data with stored biometric reference data the person to verify if the current biometric data largely match the person's stored biometric reference data; (B) Compare the current biometric data with stored ones biometric reference data of a large number of persons for identification, whether the current biometric data is stored with the biometric Reference data of one of the stored persons largely match. Method according to claim 22, characterized in that that in addition a voice signal originating from the person is detected acoustically and corresponding sound signal data are generated. Method according to claim 23, characterized that the biometric data from the speech signal data in combination evaluated with the write signal data for verification and identification become. Method according to claim 22, characterized in that that in addition a fingerprint derived from the person via an integrated in the pen cover tactile sensor and corresponding biometric fingerprint data be generated. Method according to claim 23, characterized that the biometric data consists of the write signal data and the Speech signal data in combination with the fingerprint data for verification and Identification to be evaluated. Method according to one of the preceding claims 23 to 27, characterized in that the obtained from an acoustic handwriting recognition Characters or words with biometric data from the writing signals, Speech signals or fingerprint evaluated for verification and identification become. Method according to Claim 24, characterized that an acoustic handwriting recognition and speech recognition integrated in one and the same writing system and the procedures for Text recognition can be combined with each other. Use of the biometric writing system according to one of the claims 1 to 20 to detect a person's neuromotor movement disorders.