DE10241005A1 - Rotor rotational velocity measurement arrangement comprises a microphone and evaluation electronics in which a Fourier transform is applied to the rotor sound signal to determine its angular velocity - Google Patents

Rotor rotational velocity measurement arrangement comprises a microphone and evaluation electronics in which a Fourier transform is applied to the rotor sound signal to determine its angular velocity Download PDF

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Publication number
DE10241005A1
DE10241005A1 DE2002141005 DE10241005A DE10241005A1 DE 10241005 A1 DE10241005 A1 DE 10241005A1 DE 2002141005 DE2002141005 DE 2002141005 DE 10241005 A DE10241005 A DE 10241005A DE 10241005 A1 DE10241005 A1 DE 10241005A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
rotor
measuring arrangement
microphone
sound
measurement arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE2002141005
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German (de)
Inventor
Harald Dipl.-Ing. Munser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority to DE2002141005 priority Critical patent/DE10241005A1/en
Publication of DE10241005A1 publication Critical patent/DE10241005A1/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage

Abstract

Measurement arrangement for measuring the rotational velocity of a two or more bladed rotor (2) comprises a sound recorder or microphone (6) the output signal of which is fed to an evaluation unit (8) in which a Fourier transform program is stored for processing the microphone output signal. The transformed signal corresponds to the rotational velocity and is output from the measurement arrangement. The invention is based on the fact that the blades of a rotor, e.g. a helicopter rotor or propeller blade give off a sound signal that contains the angular frequency of the blades as the base frequency within its frequency spectrum.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Messanordnung zur Messung der Drehzahl von Rotoren.The invention relates to a measuring arrangement for Measurement of the speed of rotors.

Bekannte Messanordnungen beruhen auf optischen, mechanischen oder induktiven Messverfahren, wobei es in vielen Fällen notwendig ist, die entsprechenden Messaufnehmer in direkter räumlicher Nähe der zu messenden, drehenden Bauteile anzuordnen. Dies macht entsprechende Vorrichtungen notwendig, welche die Messaufnehmer in der gewünschten Position fixieren. Solche Vorrichtungen bedingen einen relativ großen Konstruktionsaufwand und können in ungünstigen Fällen auch die Zuverlässigkeit des Gesamtsystems negativ beeinflussen.Known measuring arrangements are based on optical, mechanical or inductive measuring methods, whereby it in many cases is necessary, the corresponding sensor in direct spatial Near the to arrange rotating components to be measured. This makes it corresponding Devices necessary that the sensor in the desired Fix position. Such devices require a relatively large amount of construction and can in unfavorable make reliability too of the overall system.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Messanordnung zur Messung der Drehzahl von Rotoren anzugeben, bei welcher ein Messaufnehmer auch in einem größeren Abstand von den drehenden Teilen angeordnet werden kann.The invention is therefore the object based on a measuring arrangement for measuring the speed of rotors Specify which one sensor is at a greater distance of the rotating parts can be arranged.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine, auch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Hauptanspruchs aufweisende Messanordnung gelöst.This task is done by one, too having the features of the characterizing part of the main claim Measurement arrangement solved.

Die Erfindung macht sich die Erkenntnis zunutze, dass die Rotorblätter von Rotoren, wie z. B. Hubschrauber-Rotoren, Flugzeug-Propellern oder auch Triebwerk-Fans, Schall abstrahlen, in dessen Frequenzspektrum die Drehzahl des Rotors enthalten ist. Dieser Schall breitet sich im umgebenden Medium – in der Regel Luft – aus und kann von einem entfernt angeordneten Schallaufnehmer aufgenommen werden. Dessen Messsignal wird einer elektronischen Auswerteeinheit zugeführt, in welcher ein Programm zur Durchführung einer Fourier-Transformation gespeichert ist, das geeignet ist, die Grundfrequenz bzw. die Drehzahl des Rotors aus dem Schallspektrum zu ermitteln. Die Auswerteeinheit gibt ein transformiertes Drehzahlsignal aus, welches einem Ausgang der Messanordnung zugeführt wird.The invention makes itself known take advantage of the rotor blades of rotors, such as B. helicopter rotors, aircraft propellers or Engine fans, emit sound in whose frequency spectrum the Speed of the rotor is included. This sound spreads in surrounding medium - in usually air - out and can be picked up by a remote transducer become. Its measurement signal is sent to an electronic evaluation unit supplied in which a program for performing a Fourier transform is stored, which is suitable, the basic frequency or the speed of the rotor from the sound spectrum. The evaluation unit outputs a transformed speed signal, which is an output fed to the measuring arrangement becomes.

Das Ausgangssignal der Messanordnung wird in einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung einer Rnzeigeeinheit zugeführt, welche die gemessene Drehzahl analog oder digital anzeigt. Das Ausgangssignal kann ebenso für beliebige andere Anwendungen als Regelgröße in einem Regelkreis verarbeitet werden. Der Schallaufnehmer kann als Luft- oder Körperschallaufnehmer ausgebildet sein. Er kann räumlich getrennt von der elektronischen Auswerteeinheit angeordnet und mit ihr über eine Leitungs- oder Funkverbindung verbunden sein. Die Messanordnung kann aber auch innerhalb eines gemeinsamen Gehäuses angeordnet sein, das sowohl den Schallaufnehmer als auch die elektronische Auswerteeinheit sowie gegebenenfalls eine Anzeigeeinheit umfasst.The output signal of the measuring arrangement is in an advantageous embodiment the invention of a display unit which shows the measured speed displays analog or digital. The output signal can also be used for any other applications as a controlled variable in one Control loop are processed. The sound sensor can be used as an air or structure-borne noise sensor be trained. It can be spatial arranged separately from the electronic evaluation unit and with her about a line or radio connection is connected. The measurement arrangement can also be arranged within a common housing that both the Sound sensor as well as the electronic evaluation unit as well optionally includes a display unit.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der beigefügten Figur näher erläutert.The invention is illustrated by the attached figure explained in more detail.

Darin ist mit 2 ein Hauptrotor eines Hubschraubers bezeichnet. Während der Hauptrotor 2 rotiert, sendet er Schallwellen 4 aus, die sich in der umgebenden Luft ausbreiten. Diese treffen auf ein Mikrofon 6, welches die Schallwellen in ein elektrisches Signal umwandelt, welches der elektronischen Auswerteeinheit 8 zugeführt wird. In der elektronischen Auswerteeinheit 8 wird das Signal mittels einer Fourier-Transformation gefiltert, und es wird ein Drehzahlsignal ausgegeben, das der Anzeigeeinheit 10 zugeführt wird.A main rotor of a helicopter is designated by 2. During the main rotor 2 rotates, it sends sound waves 4 spread out in the surrounding air. These hit a microphone 6 , which converts the sound waves into an electrical signal, which the electronic evaluation unit 8th is fed. In the electronic evaluation unit 8th the signal is filtered by means of a Fourier transformation, and a speed signal is output which is given to the display unit 10 is fed.

Das Mikrofon 6 kann in relativ großem Abstand vom Hauptrotor 2 angeordnet sein, so dass es keiner aufwendigen Vorrichtung zur Befestigung von Messwertaufnehmer in der Nähe des Hauptrotors bedarf.The microphone 6 can be at a relatively large distance from the main rotor 2 be arranged so that there is no need for a complex device for attaching sensors in the vicinity of the main rotor.

22
Hubschrauber-HauptrotorHelicopter Main Rotor
44
Schallwellensound waves
66
Mikrofonmicrophone
88th
elektronische Auswerteeinheitelectronic evaluation
1010
Anzeigeeinheitdisplay unit

Claims (6)

Messanordnung zur Messung der Drehzahl von zweioder mehrblättrigen Rotoren (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Schallaufnehmer (6) aufweist, dessen Messsignal einer elektronischen Auswerteeinheit (8) zugeführt wird, in welcher ein Programm zur Durchführung einer Fourier-Transformation gespeichert ist, und die ein transformiertes Drehzahlsignal ausgibt, welches einem Ausgang der Messanordnung zugeführt wird.Measuring arrangement for measuring the speed of two or multi-bladed rotors ( 2 ), characterized in that it has a sound pickup ( 6 ), the measurement signal of an electronic evaluation unit ( 8th ) is supplied, in which a program for carrying out a Fourier transformation is stored, and which outputs a transformed speed signal which is supplied to an output of the measuring arrangement. Messanordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ausgang der Messanordnung mit einer Anzeigeeinheit (10) verbunden ist, welche die gemessene Drehzahl analog oder digital anzeigt.Measuring arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the output of the measuring arrangement with a display unit ( 10 ) is connected, which displays the measured speed analog or digital. Messanordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ausgang der Messanordnung einem Regler zugeführt wird.Measuring arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the output of the measuring arrangement is fed to a controller. Messanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schallaufnehmer (6) ein Luftschallaufnehmer ist.Measuring arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sound sensor ( 6 ) is an airborne sound transducer. Messanordnung nach Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schallaufnehmer (6) ein Körperschallaufnehmer ist.Measuring arrangement according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sound sensor ( 6 ) is a structure-borne noise sensor. Messanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schallaufnehmer (6) mit der elektronischen Auswerteeinheit (8) in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse angeordnet ist.Measuring arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sound taker ( 6 ) with the electronic evaluation unit ( 8th ) is arranged in a common housing.
DE2002141005 2002-09-05 2002-09-05 Rotor rotational velocity measurement arrangement comprises a microphone and evaluation electronics in which a Fourier transform is applied to the rotor sound signal to determine its angular velocity Withdrawn DE10241005A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2002141005 DE10241005A1 (en) 2002-09-05 2002-09-05 Rotor rotational velocity measurement arrangement comprises a microphone and evaluation electronics in which a Fourier transform is applied to the rotor sound signal to determine its angular velocity

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2002141005 DE10241005A1 (en) 2002-09-05 2002-09-05 Rotor rotational velocity measurement arrangement comprises a microphone and evaluation electronics in which a Fourier transform is applied to the rotor sound signal to determine its angular velocity

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DE10241005A1 true DE10241005A1 (en) 2004-03-25

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITBO20100341A1 (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-04 Magneti Marelli Spa METHOD OF DETERMINING THE ROTATION SPEED OF A COMPRESSOR IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
WO2012093231A1 (en) * 2011-01-07 2012-07-12 Turbomeca Device and method for monitoring a rotor
DE102022103185A1 (en) 2022-02-10 2023-08-10 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. RPM monitoring in aircraft by spectral analysis

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4036713A1 (en) * 1990-11-16 1992-05-21 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco Vehicle speed signalling using tachometer shaft noise - using noise sensor whose signal is analysed to detect conspicuously strongly occurring frequency
WO1994017420A1 (en) * 1993-01-22 1994-08-04 F. Wennström System Ab A method and a device for measuring the number of revolutions in turbo aggregates for motors
DE4440999A1 (en) * 1993-11-17 1995-05-18 Sagem Measuring rotation rate of rotating machine producing periodic acoustic signal
DE4431720C1 (en) * 1994-09-06 1996-02-29 Sun Electric Deutschland Gmbh Method and device for determining the rotational speed of internal combustion engines
EP0863404A1 (en) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-09 AVL List GmbH Method and apparatus for the detection of an engine speed value from the emitted sound
DE19818124A1 (en) * 1998-04-23 1999-11-04 Daimler Chrysler Ag Device for detecting the speed of turbochargers

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4036713A1 (en) * 1990-11-16 1992-05-21 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco Vehicle speed signalling using tachometer shaft noise - using noise sensor whose signal is analysed to detect conspicuously strongly occurring frequency
WO1994017420A1 (en) * 1993-01-22 1994-08-04 F. Wennström System Ab A method and a device for measuring the number of revolutions in turbo aggregates for motors
DE4440999A1 (en) * 1993-11-17 1995-05-18 Sagem Measuring rotation rate of rotating machine producing periodic acoustic signal
DE4431720C1 (en) * 1994-09-06 1996-02-29 Sun Electric Deutschland Gmbh Method and device for determining the rotational speed of internal combustion engines
EP0863404A1 (en) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-09 AVL List GmbH Method and apparatus for the detection of an engine speed value from the emitted sound
DE19818124A1 (en) * 1998-04-23 1999-11-04 Daimler Chrysler Ag Device for detecting the speed of turbochargers

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITBO20100341A1 (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-04 Magneti Marelli Spa METHOD OF DETERMINING THE ROTATION SPEED OF A COMPRESSOR IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
EP2392803A1 (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-07 Magneti Marelli S.p.A. Method for determining the rotation speed of a supercharger in an internal combustion engine
CN102330595A (en) * 2010-06-03 2012-01-25 马涅蒂-马瑞利公司 Be used for confirming the method for rotational speed of the pressurized machine of internal-combustion engine
US8567238B2 (en) 2010-06-03 2013-10-29 MAGNETI MARELLI S.p.A. Method for determining the rotation speed of a supercharger in an internal combustion engine
CN102330595B (en) * 2010-06-03 2015-05-06 马涅蒂-马瑞利公司 Method for determining the rotation speed of a supercharger in an internal combustion engine
WO2012093231A1 (en) * 2011-01-07 2012-07-12 Turbomeca Device and method for monitoring a rotor
FR2970291A1 (en) * 2011-01-07 2012-07-13 Turbomeca DEVICE AND METHOD FOR ROTOR MONITORING
CN103299165A (en) * 2011-01-07 2013-09-11 涡轮梅坎公司 Device and method for monitoring a rotor
US20130298686A1 (en) * 2011-01-07 2013-11-14 Turbomeca Device and method for monitoring a rotor
CN103299165B (en) * 2011-01-07 2017-02-15 涡轮梅坎公司 Device and method for monitoring a rotor
DE102022103185A1 (en) 2022-02-10 2023-08-10 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. RPM monitoring in aircraft by spectral analysis
DE102022103185B4 (en) 2022-02-10 2023-08-17 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. RPM monitoring in aircraft by spectral analysis

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