DE10239557B4 - Electric motor and series of electric motors - Google Patents

Abstract

Electric motor, comprising at least one rotor (5, 51, 52), stator windings (4), a housing (1, 2), at least one A-side (3) and B-side bearing (6) for the rotor (5, 51 , 52) wherein the housing (1, 2) at least - a first housing part (1) which is provided for receiving the A-side bearing (3), - a second housing part (2) which is adapted to receive the stator windings (4) with associated laminated core and the B-side bearing (6) is provided, and the housing parts (1, 2) are detachably connectable, wherein electronic components carrying boards (9) B-side, axially following the B-bearing (6) are arranged and a shaft of the rotor (5, 51, 52) B-side axially so long by the B-bearing (6) and the boards (9) protrudes that the shaft of the rotor (5, 51, 52) for Recording further devices (12, 13) is providable, wherein the axial positions and / or areas of these devices (12, 13) B-side further axially from the B-bearing (6) are removed as the axi alen positions and / or areas of the boards (9), wherein the second housing part (2) comprises a cooling device (7), wherein the cooling device (7) and the bearing seat of the B-side bearing (6) are made in one piece, in particular in aluminum Injection molding, wherein the boards (9) comprise at least one signal electronics of an inverter and wherein a temperature sensor (10) with the stator windings (4) and with power semiconductors (11) is thermally conductively connected and electrically connected to one of the boards (9) for signal evaluation ,

Description

The invention relates to an electric motor and a series of electric motors.

From the DE 100 49 883 A1 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor designed as a multi-phase motor. The number of coils of the windings is 1 smaller than the number of poles. Thus, this engine is advantageously used at low speeds, especially as a direct drive, ie for direct drive of the load without the interposition of a transmission.

Accordingly, a according DE 100 49 883 A1 executed multi-phase motor, in which the number of coils of the windings is larger by 1 than the number of poles, advantageously usable at high speeds. Thus, the same stature as in the DE 100 49 883 A1 usable, but the rotor is designed accordingly differently.

From the DE 197 14 784 A1 is known a compact drive comprising a converter and a transmission, which, however, comprises a transmission, via which the heat of the converter is discharged.

From the DE 195 09 130 A1 As the closest prior art, a servomotor with a casing is known, within which stature and rotor are arranged. A cylindrical member is disposed on the end face of the enclosure, and a printed circuit board is attached to the open end of the cylindrical member so as to form a dustproof sealed space in which a module mounted on the inner surface of the printed circuit board and a rotary encoder of a photocoder are located.

From the DE 299 06 804 U1 is a positioning and actuator known.

From the DE 198 08 797 C2 is a kit for electric motors known.

The invention has for its object to provide an electric motor and an associated series, which are compact, simple and inexpensive.

According to the invention the object is achieved with an electric motor according to the features indicated in claim 1.

• – aus einem ersten Gehäuseteil, das zur Aufnahme des A-seitigen Lagers vorgesehen ist,
• – aus einem zweiten Gehäuseteil, das zur Aufnahme der Statorwicklungen und des B-seitigen Lagers vorgesehen ist,

und die Gehäuseteile lösbar verbindbar sind, wobei elektronische Bauteile tragende Platinen B-seitig, axial auf das B-Lager folgend derart angeordnet sind und die Welle des Rotors B-seitig axial derart lang durch das B-Lager hervorragt, dass die Welle des Rotors zur Aufnahme weiterer Vorrichtungen vorsehbar ist, wobei die axialen Positionen und/oder Bereiche dieser Vorrichtungen B-seitig weiter axial vom B-Lager entfernt sind als die axialen Positionen und/oder Bereiche der Platinen.Important features of the invention in the electric motor are that it comprises at least one rotor, stator windings, a housing, at least one A-side and B-side bearings for the rotor, wherein the housing at least

• From a first housing part which is provided for receiving the A-side bearing,
• From a second housing part which is provided for receiving the stator windings and the B-side bearing,

and the housing parts are detachably connectable, wherein electronic components bearing boards B side, axially on the B-bearing following are arranged and the shaft of the rotor B-side axially protrudes so long through the B-bearing, that the shaft of the rotor for Receiving further devices is providable, wherein the axial positions and / or areas of these devices B-side are further axially away from the B-bearing than the axial positions and / or areas of the boards.

The advantage here is that a division of the housing is provided and thus a modular system of electric motors in a simple and cost-effective manner can be produced, with as few parts are needed for a large variety of variants. In particular, on the output side a first housing part can be tuned to the output-side requirements, without having to modify all parts of the engine. The second housing part is depending on the desired torque or the desired mode, ie multi-phase motor for direct drive or for geared motor drive, providable. The second housing part can be equipped with electronic options.

According to the invention, the second housing part is designed to receive the B-side bearing and comprises a cooling device. The advantage here is that the second housing part has a housing-forming function also for the electronic components and, for example as a cast, die-cast or injection-molded part manufacturable is simple and inexpensive.

According to the invention, the cooling device and the bearing seat of the B-side bearing are designed as a single part, in particular in aluminum injection molding. The advantage here is that a connection of the cooling device deleted with the motor housing, since both parts are designed as a single part.

In an advantageous embodiment, the stator windings are designed in the manner of a multi-phase motor and / or attachable to the teeth of the stator. The advantage here is that the production is particularly simple and inexpensive executable.

In an advantageous embodiment, the cooling device comprises cold fingers. The advantage here is that a direction-independent convective heat dissipation is possible.

In an advantageous embodiment, a housing plate is attached to the second housing part. The advantage here is that a B-side termination in high degree of protection is providable, the housing plate is suitable for receiving electronic circuits.

In an advantageous embodiment, a mechanical interface is defined between the first and second housing parts for exchanging the housing parts for differently designed housing parts. The advantage here is that different output-side applications can be supplied and / or different torques are providable.

In an advantageous embodiment, the second housing part is exchangeable for such a second housing part that electrical or electronic functionalities are changeable, in particular converter functionality against soft start functionality or mere switching functionality or against inverter functionality with fieldbus interfaces and / or functionality of a controller. The advantage here is that in the second housing part various electronic functionalities are predictable or different torques are also providable.

In an advantageous embodiment, the rotor and the second housing part are interchangeable with another second housing part and corresponding rotor, in particular for producing a series which comprises direct drives and gearmotors. The advantage here is that by merely interchanging the rotor, so also the number of poles, another torque of the motor at the respective speed can be generated.

In an advantageous embodiment, the connection devices are designed as a hybrid connector part. The advantage here is that only a single connector is to connect.

• – aus einem ersten Gehäuseteil, das zur Aufnahme des A-seitigen Lagers vorgesehen ist, und
• – aus einem zweiten Gehäuseteil, das zur Aufnahme der Statorwicklungen und der B-seitigen Lagers vorgesehen ist,

besteht und die Gehäuseteile lösbar verbindbar sind,
wobei zwischen erstem und zweiten Gehäuseteil eine mechanische Schnittstelle zum Erzeugen von Varianten mit verschiedenen Funktionalitäten mittels Austauschen vorgesehen ist,
und wobei B-seitig weitere Vorrichtungen, wie Bremse, Drehgeber oder dergleichen, auf der Welle des Rotors je nach Variante innerhalb der Baugröße vorsehbar sind.Essential features of the invention in the series of electric motors are that the series comprises a plurality of identifiable by at least one parameter sizes, each size comprises at least two variants of electric motors, each variant at least one rotor, stator windings, a housing, at least one A-side and B-side bearing for the rotor, wherein in each variant, the housing at least

• - From a first housing part which is provided for receiving the A-side bearing, and
• From a second housing part which is provided for receiving the stator windings and the B-side bearing,

exists and the housing parts are detachably connectable,
wherein between the first and second housing part a mechanical interface for generating variants with different functionalities is provided by means of exchanges,
and wherein B-side further devices, such as brake, rotary encoder or the like, on the shaft of the rotor depending on the variant within the size are providable.

The advantage here is that due to the interfaces, the housing parts with different functionalities are interchangeable and thus a high variety of variants using as few parts as possible can be achieved.

Further advantages emerge from the subclaims.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to figures:
In the 1 the structure of the inventive series of electric motors is shown schematically. A series includes several, by a parameter, such as power, maximum transmittable torque, rated torque and / or shaft height markable sizes, each comprising several variants.

In this case, the housing of the respective electric motor consists of at least two housing parts. Depending on the output side connected device is the first variant, a first housing part 1 with rotor 5 , So a cylindrically shaped output side end portion of the rotor 5 , usable or it is a first housing part 101 with rotor 51 , So with a, on the output side a keyway having end portion rotor 51 , Furthermore, also a first housing part 102 with rotor 52 usable, so with a, on the output side a toothing end region rotor 52 , Thus, non-positive or positive output-side connections with different sized and / or different output-side flanges are selectively feasible, with only the first housing part 1 . 101 . 102 and rotor 5 . 51 . 52 are to be exchanged.

With the first housing part 1 is a second housing part 2 releasably connected, wherein the second housing part 2 to accommodate the stator windings and the B-bearing 6 for the rotor 5 is provided. The first housing part 1 is to accommodate the A-camp 3 for the rotor 5 intended.

Here, a mechanical interface is defined between the first and second housing part, so that in different variants within a size, the respective housing parts are replaceable by differently executed housing parts. When replacing the first housing part by a differently executed first housing part is depending on Application also the entire rotor 5 replace with a suitably designed rotor 5 ,

The second housing part is exchangeable for another second housing part, which has an axially greater length, so also longer stator windings and an axially longer designed laminated core, which is firmly inserted and / or pressed into the second housing part comprises. Accordingly, the rotor is to be replaced by a longer rotor. Thus, a variant can be produced, which provides a larger torque without the first housing part is replaced.

In one embodiment of the invention, the laminated core is firmly inserted into the second housing part and / or pressed. In the present document is therefore spoken of a part, namely the second housing part.

In another Ausführungsbelspiel invention the second housing part and the rotor is exchangeable for another second housing part and another rotor such that a different number of poles and number of coils is provided. In this way, therefore, a first variant is produced, which is provided as a multi-phase motor with a number of coils of the windings, which is smaller by 1 than the number of poles. After replacement but also a polyphase motor with a number of coils of the windings can be produced, which is greater by 1 than the number of poles. Said first variant is particularly advantageous as a direct drive, so without gear, usable because it has a high torque at low speeds. Said second variant is advantageously usable for a geared motor, since it has a high torque at high speeds. Thus, with replacement only a few parts a high variety of variants, especially for completely generic different applications, achievable, namely direct drive and geared motor drive.

As a result of the detachable connection of the first and second housing part a high variety of variants using as few components as possible can be achieved.

It is also important in the case of the electric motor that the second housing part has a housing-forming function for integrated control electronics, in particular for power electronics, comprising power semiconductors 11 and control electronics on two boards 9 , The second housing part 2 is with cooler 7 , ie in particular with cold fingers or cooling fins executed.

In a further embodiment, an increased heat dissipation to the output side connected and driven device is provided by introducing thermal paste in the output side region of the stator windings of the second housing part.

The described replacement of the first and second housing parts is easily possible due to the defined interfaces. The interface between the first and second housing part comprises at least the position of the drill holes for the detachable connection, the housing dimensions and optionally the centering means or corresponding shaping of the housing parts in the contact area.

A temperature sensor 10 is with the stator windings and with the power semiconductors 11 thermally conductive connected. The heat transfer resistance of the temperature sensor 10 to the stator windings 4 is so very low. Just as low is the heat transfer resistance of the temperature sensor 10 to the power semiconductors 11 , However, the heat transfer resistance is from the temperature sensor 10 to the environment much coarser. Thus, power semiconductors 11 and stator windings 4 using only a single temperature sensor 10 monitored.

Likewise, the heat transfer resistance of the stator windings 4 to the cooler 7 very low. The same applies to the heat transfer resistance of the power semiconductors 11 to the cooler 7 , These are the power semiconductors 11 either mechanically connected directly to the cooling device, for example screwed, or the power semiconductors 11 are on a circuit board 9 attached and by means of cooling plates or other heat-conducting means with the cooling device 7 connected, wherein a low heat transfer resistance is realized.

In the 2 the essential parts of the electric motor are shown in a variant of a size.

The first housing part 1 is to accommodate the output side A-bearing 3 executed and has a the output side required connection options according to executed flange. The rotor 5 has on the output side a cylindrical end region and carries permanent magnets. The second housing part 2 is for receiving stator windings 4 intended. In this case, the firmly inserted into the second housing part laminated core such teeth on that the tooth spaces are as completely as possible wound. In another embodiment of the invention, the teeth are shaped such that the coils are attachable to the teeth.

The second housing part 2 is to accommodate the B-side bearing 6 executed and also has a cooling device 7 on.

Cooling device and bearing seat are thus comprised of a single part, namely the second housing part. Thus, the cooling device and bearing seat as a casting, in particular made of aluminum injection, can be produced.

The cooling device comprises, in particular, cooling fingers, which enable a mounting direction-independent heat dissipation. In addition, cost-effective and easy-to-manufacture cooling fins are also attached beyond. The cooling device 7 is with the power semiconductors 11 heat-conducting connected with a low heat transfer resistance.

In the second housing part 2 a circuit board receptacle is provided in the two boards 9 can be used and detachably connected. The boards 9 comprise at least signal electronics, in particular signal electronics of a converter.

In further embodiments of the invention, the boards include 9 Power semiconductor 11 and / or their control electronics.

In further embodiments of the invention are more than two boards 9 used or it is just a circuit board 9 used. The board receptacle is designed accordingly in these embodiments.

Also on the boards 9 patch signal electronics has a low heat transfer resistance to the second housing part 2 with cooling device 7 on. The heat of the signal electronics is thus dissipated on the B side.

In further embodiments according to the invention, the heat-conducting connection also takes place by means of air, wherein the air is limited to a volume in which it can move.

In other embodiments of the invention, the construction is designed such that the thermal resistance of the signal electronics on the housing plate 8th towards the environment is smaller than the thermal resistance of the power electronics via the cooling device 7 towards the surroundings. In a corresponding further embodiment of the invention is between the housing plate 8th and the second housing part 2 introduced a thermal insulation. Thus, the heat of the power electronics is dissipated via the cooling device and only to an insignificant part on the housing plate 8th , The housing plate 8th performs the heat generated at a lower temperature level of the signal electronics undisturbed.

According to the embodiment of the invention 2 closes the cooling fins 71 B-side comprehensive housing plate 8th the engine, wherein between the housing plate and the second housing part, a seal is provided.

In an inventive embodiment are on the housing plate 8th electrical connection devices for power and information supply attached. In particular, it is a hybrid connector part 103 used, the power lines for power supply and low-voltage lines for information exchange, in particular by means of field bus having.

It is essential in the embodiment according to the invention 2 that the shaft of the rotor 5 B-side not only by the B-bearing 6 goes through but also through the boards 9 through and B-side even further protrudes such that a rotary encoder 12 , So for example, a rotary encoder, an incremental encoder, an absolute value encoder or a resolver, can be placed and downstream of the B side also a brake 13 , In particular, an electromagnetically actuated brake.

In further embodiments of the invention, the engine is without the brake 13 and / or without the rotary encoder 12 fitted. In this case, the intended construction volume remains unused. However, this embodiment is still advantageous, because thus a series of electric motors is available that includes many different variants in a size, with as many parts as possible are reusable for all variants, in particular the second housing part 2 ,

In further embodiments of the invention, the boards are 9 together with their electronic components and also the electronic power semiconductors 11 encapsulated with a resin or synthetic resin to achieve a high degree of protection.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 101, 102

First housing part

2

Second housing part

3

A-bearing

4

stator windings

5, 51, 52

rotor

6

B-bearing

7

cooler

71

cooling fins

8th

housing plate

9

boards

10

temperature sensor

11

Power semiconductor

12

encoders

13

brake

103

Hybrid connector part

Claims (12)

Electric motor, comprising at least one rotor ( 5 . 51 . 52 ), Stator windings ( 4 ), a housing ( 1 . 2 ), at least one A-side ( 3 ) and B-side bearing ( 6 ) for the rotor ( 5 . 51 . 52 ) wherein the housing ( 1 . 2 ) at least - a first housing part ( 1 ), which was used to accommodate the A-side bearing ( 3 ) is provided, - a second housing part ( 2 ), which is for receiving the stator windings ( 4 ) with associated laminated core and the B-side bearing ( 6 ), and the housing parts ( 1 . 2 ) are detachably connectable, wherein electronic components carrying boards ( 9 ) B-side, axially on the B-bearing ( 6 ) are arranged and a shaft of the rotor ( 5 . 51 . 52 ) B-side axially so long through the B-bearing ( 6 ) and the boards ( 9 ) protrudes that the shaft of the rotor ( 5 . 51 . 52 ) for receiving further devices ( 12 . 13 ), the axial positions and / or regions of these devices ( 12 . 13 ) B side further axially from the B-bearing ( 6 ) are removed as the axial positions and / or areas of the boards ( 9 ), wherein the second housing part ( 2 ) a cooling device ( 7 ), wherein the cooling device ( 7 ) and the bearing seat of the B-side bearing ( 6 ) are made in one piece, in particular in aluminum injection molding, wherein the boards ( 9 ) comprise at least one signal electronics of an inverter and wherein a temperature sensor ( 10 ) with the stator windings ( 4 ) and with power semiconductors ( 11 ) is thermally conductively connected and electrically connected to one of the boards ( 9 ) is connected to the signal evaluation. Electric motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the stator windings ( 4 ) are designed in the manner of a multi-phase motor and / or are attachable to the teeth of the stator. Electric motor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling device ( 7 ) Comprises cold fingers and / or cooling fins. Electric motor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the second housing part ( 2 ) a housing plate ( 8th ) is attached with an intermediate seal. Electric motor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the first ( 1 ) and second housing part ( 2 ) a mechanical interface is defined for exchanging the housing parts ( 1 . 2 ) against differently designed housing parts. Electric motor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second housing part ( 2 ) against such a second housing part ( 2 ) is interchangeable that electrical or electronic functions are changeable, in particular inverter functionality against soft start functionality or mere switching functionality. Electric motor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that rotor ( 5 . 51 . 52 ) and second housing part ( 2 ) against another second housing part ( 2 ) and corresponding rotor ( 5 . 51 . 52 ) are interchangeable, in particular for manufacturing a series comprising direct drives and geared motors. Electric motor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further devices ( 12 . 13 ) axially on the boards ( 3 ) following encoders ( 12 ) and an axially following brake ( 13 ) are. Electric motor according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further devices ( 12 . 13 ) can be provided or omitted, in particular for producing a series that includes motors with or without rotary encoder and with or without brake. Electric motor according to claim 4, characterized in that the housing plate ( 8th ) and / or the second housing part ( 2 ) Has connection devices for energy and / or information transmission. Electric motor according to claim 10, characterized in that the connecting devices as a hybrid connector part ( 103 ) are executed. Series of electric motors according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the series comprises a plurality of identifiable by at least one parameter sizes, each size comprises at least two variants of electric motors, each variant at least one rotor ( 5 . 51 . 52 ), Stator windings ( 4 ), a housing ( 1 . 2 ), at least one A-side ( 3 ) and B-side bearing ( 6 ) for the rotor ( 5 . 51 . 52 ), wherein in each variant the housing ( 1 . 2 ) at least - from a first housing part ( 1 ), which was used to accommodate the A-side bearing ( 3 ) is provided, and - from a second housing part ( 2 ), which is for receiving the stator windings ( 4 ) and the B-side bearing ( 6 ) is provided, and the housing parts ( 1 . 2 ) are releasably connectable, whereby between the first ( 1 ) and second housing part ( 2 ) a mechanical interface to Generating variants with different functionalities is provided by means of exchanges, and where on the B side other devices, such as brake ( 13 ), Encoders ( 12 ) or the like, on the shaft of the rotor ( 5 . 51 . 52 ) depending on the variant within the size providable.

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