DE10235892A1 - Method for welding boundary between two thermoplastic workpieces using laser beam, comprises heating one or both workpieces in area of weld to temperature below its melting point using supplementary heaters - Google Patents

Method for welding boundary between two thermoplastic workpieces using laser beam, comprises heating one or both workpieces in area of weld to temperature below its melting point using supplementary heaters

Info

Publication number
DE10235892A1
DE10235892A1 DE2002135892 DE10235892A DE10235892A1 DE 10235892 A1 DE10235892 A1 DE 10235892A1 DE 2002135892 DE2002135892 DE 2002135892 DE 10235892 A DE10235892 A DE 10235892A DE 10235892 A1 DE10235892 A1 DE 10235892A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
welding
workpiece part
workpiece
welding path
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE2002135892
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Frieder Haag
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to DE2002135892 priority Critical patent/DE10235892A1/en
Publication of DE10235892A1 publication Critical patent/DE10235892A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1435Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. transmission welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/60Preliminary treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1464Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1477Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/1661Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined scanning repeatedly, e.g. quasi-simultaneous laser welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/72Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/024Thermal pre-treatments
    • B29C66/0242Heating, or preheating, e.g. drying
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B29C66/2424Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain
    • B29C66/24243Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral
    • B29C66/24244Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral forming a rectangle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91441Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being non-constant over time
    • B29C66/91443Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being non-constant over time following a temperature-time profile
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91641Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time
    • B29C66/91643Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time following a heat-time profile
    • B29C66/91645Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time following a heat-time profile by steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91921Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
    • B29C66/91931Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/91935Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined lower than said fusion temperature
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91951Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to time, e.g. temperature-time diagrams
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0822Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1412Infrared [IR] radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1612Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
    • B29C65/1616Near infrared radiation [NIR], e.g. by YAG lasers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1674Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of laser diodes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/302Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
    • B29C66/3022Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30223Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being rib-like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/12Thermoplastic materials

Abstract

Method for welding the boundary between two thermoplastic workpieces (22, 24) using a laser beam (16) comprises heating one or both workpieces in the area of the weld to a temperature below its melting point using supplementary heaters (30, 32). An Independent claim is included for apparatus for welding the boundary between two thermoplastic workpieces comprising a laser (36), a scanner (34) for moving the laser beam (16) along and an IR heater (32) and hot air heater (30) as supplementary heaters.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Schweißen von thermoplastischen Materialien mittels Strahlungsenergie nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 12. The present invention relates to a method for Welding of thermoplastic materials by means of Radiant energy according to the preamble of claim 1 and a Apparatus for carrying out this method after The preamble of claim 12.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Ein Verfahren zum Verschweißen zweier thermoplastischer Werkstücke mittels Laserstrahlen ist unter der Bezeichnung Laserdurchstrahlschweißen bekannt. Das Prinzip des Laserdurchstrahlstrahlschweißens ist in Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellt. Üblicherweise werden beim Laserdurchstrahlschweißen zwei Kunststoffmaterialien 12, 14 miteinander verbunden, wobei das erste Kunststoffmaterial 12 für Laserstrahlen weitgehend transparent ist, wohingegen das zweite Kunststoffmaterial 14 aufgrund eines farbigen Zusatzes, z. B. Rußpartikeln, Laserstrahlen absorbiert. Beim Bestrahlen der aneinandergrenzenden Kunststoffe mit einem Laserstrahl 16 durchdringt der Laserstrahl 16 das transparente Kunststoffmaterial 12 und wird vom zweiten Kunststoffmaterial 14 im Bereich seiner Oberfläche 15 absorbiert (Fig. 1A). Aufgrund der durch die Energieabsorption erzeugten Wärme schmilzt das zweite Kunststoffmaterial 14 in dem bestrahlten Oberflächenbereich (Fig. 1B). Durch Aufbringen des ersten transparenten Kunststoffmaterials 12 auf den Schmelzbereich 18 des zweiten Kunststoffmaterials 14 (Fig. 1C) wird die Wärme auf den Kontaktbereich des ersten Kunststoffmaterials übertragen, so daß sich auch in dem durchstrahlten Oberflächenbereich des ersten transparenten Kunststoffmaterials ein korrespondierender Schmelzbereich 20 bildet (Fig. 1D). Dies ist jedoch nur möglich, wenn der Schmelzpunkt des ersten transparenten Kunststoffmaterials 12 etwas niedriger als der des zweiten absorbierenden Kunststoffmaterials 14 ist, da bei der Wärmeübertragung zwischen dem absorbierenden Werkstückteil 12 und dem transparenten Werkstückteil 14 stets ein Energieverlust auftritt. Durch weiteres Zusammenpressen der beiden Kunststoffmaterialien 12, 14 verbinden sich die aneinandergrenzenden Schmelzbereiche 18, 20 und bilden ggf. unter seitlicher Verdrängung von Schmelze eine Schweißnaht 22 aus ( Fig. 1E), die nach Abschalten bzw. Entfernen des Laserstrahls 16 aushärtet (Fig. 1F). A method for welding two thermoplastic workpieces by means of laser beams is known as laser transmission welding. The principle of laser transmission beam welding is shown schematically in FIG . Usually two plastic materials 12 , 14 are connected to each other in the laser transmission welding, wherein the first plastic material 12 is largely transparent to laser beams, whereas the second plastic material 14 due to a colored additive, for. As soot particles, laser beams absorbed. Upon irradiation of the adjacent plastics with a laser beam 16 of the laser beam 16 passes through the transparent plastic material 12 and the second plastic material 14 in the region of its surface 15 is absorbed (Fig. 1A). Due to the heat generated by the energy absorption, the second plastic material 14 melts in the irradiated surface area ( FIG. 1B). By applying the first transparent plastic material 12 to the melting region 18 of the second plastic material 14 ( FIG. 1C), the heat is transferred to the contact region of the first plastic material, so that a corresponding melting region 20 also forms in the irradiated surface region of the first transparent plastic material ( FIG . 1D). However, this is only possible if the melting point of the first transparent plastic material 12 is slightly lower than that of the second absorbent plastic material 14 , since in the heat transfer between the absorbent workpiece part 12 and the transparent workpiece part 14 always a loss of energy occurs. By further compression of the two plastics materials 12, 14, the adjacent fused portions 1F connect 18, 20 and form, optionally with lateral displacement of the melt of a weld seam 22 (Fig. 1E), which hardens after switching off or removal of the laser beam 16 (Fig. ).

Zur Durchführung eines Laserdurchstrahlschweißverfahrens sind verschiedene Verfahrensprinzipien bekannt. For carrying out a laser transmission welding process Various process principles are known.

Beim Konturschweißen wird die Schweißbahnkontur des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks mit dem Laserstrahl langsam abgefahren. Da die Schweißbahn punktweise erwärmt und an jedem Punkt sofort fest verschweißt wird, kann insbesondere ein Verzug der zu verbindenden Werkstückteile kaum ausgeglichen werden. Soll eine dichte Schweißnaht erhalten werden, ist das Konturschweißen daher nur geeignet, wenn besonders hohe Anforderungen an die Planarität der miteinander zu verbindenden Oberflächen der Werkstückteile erfüllt werden. When contour welding, the welding path contour of the machining workpiece slowly with the laser beam left. Because the welding track is heated point by point and at each Point can be welded immediately, especially one Delay of the workpiece parts to be joined hardly balanced become. If a tight weld is to be obtained, is the contour welding therefore only suitable if particularly high Requirements for the planarity of each other connecting surfaces of the workpiece parts are met.

Beim Simultanschweißen wird die Schweißbahn gleichzeitig mittels mehrerer Lasersegmente bearbeitet, so daß ein Verzug der zu verbindenden Werkstückteile besser vermieden werden kann. Um ein rechteckiges Gehäuse zu schweißen, können beispielsweise vier separate Laser eingesetzt werden, die jeweils eine Gerade abbilden. Dieses Verfahren erfordert jedoch einen hohen apparativen Aufwand ist daher relativ kostenaufwendig und unflexibel. In simultaneous welding, the welding path becomes simultaneous processed by means of several laser segments, so that a Delay of the workpiece parts to be joined better avoided can be. To weld a rectangular housing, For example, four separate lasers can be used each representing a straight line. This method However, requires a high expenditure on equipment is therefore relatively expensive and inflexible.

In der EP 1 048 439 A2 ist ein Durchstrahlschweißverfahren beschrieben, das heute auch als Quasisimultanschweißverfahren bekannt ist. Beim Quasisimultanschweißen wird die Schweißbahn mittels eines Scanners vom Laserstrahl mehrfach aufeinanderfolgend mit einer hohen Umlaufgeschwindigkeit abgefahren. Somit wird die gesamte Schweißbahn schrittweise quasi simultan bis zur gewünschten Arbeitstemperatur erwärmt. Durch diese gleichmäßige Erwärmung der gesamten Schweißbahn ist es möglich, einen Abschmelzweg vorzusehen, so daß Unregemäßigkeiten der zu verbindenden Werkstückoberflächen, wie z. B. Spalte ausgeglichen werden können. Aufgrund der geringeren Anforderungen an die Formschlüssigkeit der zu verbindenden Werkstückteile sowie der höheren Flexibilität der Vorrichtung ist das Quasisimultanschweißen derzeit das bevorzugte Verfahren. EP 1 048 439 A2 discloses a transmission welding method described today as well Quasisimultanschweißverfahren is known. In quasi-simultaneous welding, the Welding web by means of a scanner from the laser beam several times successively with a high circulation speed left. Thus, the entire welding path is gradual almost simultaneous to the desired working temperature heated. Through this uniform heating of the whole Welding web, it is possible to provide a Abschmelzweg so that the unrepeatable of the Workpiece surfaces, such. B. column can be compensated. Due to the lower requirements for the positive engagement the workpiece parts to be joined and the higher Flexibility of the device is quasi-integral welding currently the preferred method.

Die Anwendung des Quasisimultanschweißverfahrens ist jedoch auf die Bearbeitung relativ kurzer Schweißbahnen begrenzt. Dies beruht darauf, daß jeder soeben durch den fortlaufenden Laserstrahl erwärmte Schweißbahnabschnitt schnell wieder auf die Ausgangstemperatur abkühlt. Beim Quasisirnultanschweißverfahren folgt demnach die Temperaturkennlinle jedes Schweißbahnabschnitts einem ansteigenden Sägezahnprofil (Fig. 2, rechte Kurve). Für eine wirtschaftliche Durchführung des Quasisimultanschweißverfahrens sollte daher die Umlaufzeit des Laserstrahls erheblich kürzer als die für die Rückkehr zur Ausgangstemperatur benötigte Abkühlzeit des zu schweißenden Materials sein. Hieraus ergibt sich bei vorgegebener Geschwindigkeit des Laserstrahls eine Begrenzung des während der Umlaufzeit durch den Laserstrahl zurücklegbaren Wegs. Dieses Problem wird auch nicht durch eine Erhöhung der Umlaufgeschwindigkeit des Laserstrahls gelöst, da aufgrund der dadurch bewirkten kürzeren Verweildauer des Laserstrahls an jedem Schweißbahnabschnitt eine geringere Erwärmung des Materials verursacht wird. However, the application of the quasi-simultaneous welding process is limited to the processing of relatively short welds. This is due to the fact that each welding track section which has just been heated by the continuous laser beam cools quickly back to the starting temperature. In the Quasiirnultanschweißverfahren therefore follows the Temperaturkennlinle each weld section a rising sawtooth profile ( Fig. 2, right curve). For an economical implementation of the quasi-simultaneous welding process, therefore, the circulation time of the laser beam should be considerably shorter than the cooling time of the material to be welded, which is required for the return to the starting temperature. This results in a limitation of the traversable by the laser beam during the orbital period at a given speed of the laser beam. This problem is not solved by increasing the rotational speed of the laser beam, since due to the resulting shorter residence time of the laser beam at each weld section less heating of the material is caused.

Es soll demnach ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Schweißen thermoplastischer Materialien mittels Strahlungsenergie, insbesondere zum Quasisimultanschweißen geschaffen werden, mit dem kürzere Schweißzeiten erreicht und größere Werkstücke bearbeitet werden können. It is therefore a method and an apparatus for Welding of thermoplastic materials by means of Radiation energy, especially for Quasiimultanschweißen created be achieved with the shorter welding times and larger Workpieces can be edited.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Erfindungsgemäß ist bei einem gattungsgemäßen Schweißverfahren eine zusätzliche Beheizung mindestens eines Werkstückteils zumindest im Bereich der Schweißbahn vorgesehen, die durch eine zusätzliche Energiequelle durchgeführt wird. Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Heizschritt wird die Ausgangstemperatur mindestens eines der zu verbindenden Werkstückteile auf eine Temperatur unterhalb seines Schmelzpunktes angehoben. Somit ist der durch die Strahlungsenergie zu bewirkende Temperaturhub auf die Schmelztemperatur des Werkstückteils im Schweißbahnbereich kleiner als bei einem konventionellen Quasisimultanschweißverfahren. Dadurch wird die Anzahl der mit einem Energiestrahl durchzuführenden Umläufe entlang der vorgesehenen Schweißbahn erheblich verringert und somit eine schnellere Durchführung des Schweißvorgangs ermöglicht. According to the invention is in a generic Welding process an additional heating of at least one Workpiece part provided at least in the region of the welding path, which is performed by an additional energy source. By the heating step according to the invention, the Outlet temperature of at least one of the to be connected Workpiece parts to a temperature below its melting point raised. Thus, by the radiation energy is too causing temperature increase to the melting temperature of the Workpiece part in the welding path area smaller than one conventional quasi-simultaneous welding process. This will the number of times to be done with an energy beam Circuits along the intended welding path considerably reduced and thus a faster implementation of the Welding process possible.

Weiterhin können bei Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens größere Werkstücke mit längeren Schweißnähten als bei dem herkömmlichen Verfahren bearbeitet werden. Dieser Vorteil kommt insbesondere dann zum Tragen, wenn die Zwischentemperatur so nahe an der Schmelztemperatur gewählt ist, daß nur ein oder zwei Energiestrahlumläufe genügen, um die Arbeitstemperatur, i. a. die Schmelztemperaturen der zu verbindenden Werkstückteile, zu erreichen. Furthermore, when using the inventive Process larger workpieces with longer welds than be processed in the conventional method. This Advantage comes into play particularly when the Intermediate temperature selected so close to the melting temperature is that only one or two energy streams are sufficient to the working temperature, i. a. the melting temperatures of the connecting workpiece parts to achieve.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird aufgrund einer Beheizung mindestens eines Werkstückteils in seiner Gesamtheit auf eine Temperatur unterhalb der Schmelztemperatur der Vorteil erzielt, daß eine Ableitung der durch die Strahlungsenergie lokal entlang der Schweißbahn erzeugten Wärme an benachbarte Werkstückbereiche eine wesentlich geringere Rolle als bei dem herkömmlichen Verfahren spielt. Selbstverständlich wird dieser Vorteil insbesondere bei großen Werkstückteilen auch dann erreicht, wenn der die Schweißbahn enthaltende beheizte Bereich entsprechend groß gewählt ist. In a further embodiment of the invention is due to a Heating at least one workpiece part in his Entity to a temperature below the melting temperature achieved the advantage that a derivative of the through Radiation energy generated locally along the welding path Heat to adjacent workpiece areas a significant plays less role than in the conventional method. Of course, this advantage is especially at achieved large workpiece parts even if the Welding path containing heated area correspondingly large is selected.

Vorteilhafterweise wird zumindest das erste transparente Werkstückteil beheizt. In dieser Anordnung ist es im Gegensatz zu den bekannten Verfahren auch möglich, ein erstes transparentes Werkstückteil aus einem Material zu verwenden, das eine gleich hohe oder sogar etwas höhere Schmelztemperatur als das Material des zweiten Werkstückteils aufweist. Dadurch wird eine größere Unabhängigkeit bezüglich der Auswahl der zu verschweißenden Materialien erreicht. Advantageously, at least the first transparent Part of workpiece heated. In this arrangement, it is in Contrary to the known methods also possible, a first transparent workpiece part of a material too use that one equal or even higher Melting temperature than the material of the second workpiece part having. This will give greater independence the selection of materials to be welded reached.

Der Heizschritt kann vor und/oder während des eigentlichen Durchstrahlschweißvorgangs durchgeführt werden. Es hat sich jedoch als günstig erwiesen, bereits vor dem Beaufschlagen mit dem Energiestrahl eine Erwärmung mindestens eines Werkstückteils vorzunehmen. The heating step may be before and / or during the actual Durchstrahlschweißvorgangs be performed. It has However, proved to be favorable, even before the application with the energy beam a warming of at least one Make workpiece part.

Weitere Vorteile und Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den jeweiligen Unteransprüche, der Beschreibung und der beiliegenden Zeichnung. Further advantages and embodiments will be apparent from the respective subclaims, the description and the enclosed drawing.

Es versteht sich, daß die vorstehend benannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen. It is understood that the above and the hereinafter to be explained features not only in the each specified combination, but also in others Combinations or alone, without to leave the scope of the present invention.

Zeichnungdrawing

Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und wird im Folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung ausführlich beschrieben. The invention is based on an embodiment in the Drawing shown schematically and will be below described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1A-1F zeigen in schematischer Darstellung den Ablauf eines Laserdurchstrahlschweißverfahrens nach dem Stand der Technik. FIGS. 1A-1F show a schematic representation of the sequence of a laser transmission welding method according to the prior art.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein Diagramm der Aufheizkurven eines Schweißbahnabschnitts mit und ohne Vorheizung. Fig. 2 is a graph of the heating curves shows a welding web section, with or without preheating.

Fig. 3 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung den Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung. Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a device according to the invention.

Bevorzugte AusführungsformenPreferred embodiments

Fig. 1 zeigt in 6 Schritten (Fig. 1A bis 1F) schematisch den Verlauf eines Laserdurchstrahlschweißverfahrens. In dem an sich bekannten Verfahren wird eine erste Fügefläche 13 eines ersten Werkstückteils 12 mit einer zweiten Fügefläche 15 eines zweiten Werkstückteils 14 mittels eines Laserstrahls 16 verschweißt. Das erste Werkstückteil 12 besteht aus einem thermoplastischen Material, das für den Laserstrahl 16 transparent ist, d. h. die Energie des Laserstrahls nicht oder in nur sehr geringen Ausmaß absorbiert. Das zweite Werkstückteil 14 besteht aus einem farbigen thermoplastischen Kunststoffmaterial, das zum Beispiel durch Rußpartikel eingefärbt ist, und daher die Energie des Laserstrahls absorbiert. In einer Schweißvorrichtung sind die zu verbindenden Fügeflächen 13, 15 in unmittelbarer Nähe zueinander angeordnet und können mittels eines Niederhalters oder dergleichen (nicht dargestellt), der eine Druckkraft F in Richtung der Pfeile 30 auf das erste Werkstückteil 12 ausübt, aufeinander gepreßt werden. Die den Laserstrahl 16 aussendende Strahlenquelle ist so angeordnet, daß der Laserstrahl 16 durch das erste Werkstückteil 12 und die erste Fügefläche 13 hindurch auf die zweite Fügefläche 15 des zweiten Werkstückteils 14 auftrifft (Fig. 1A). Die Energie des Laserstrahls 16 wird an der zweiten Fügefläche 15 absorbiert, so daß sich ein Schmelzbereich 18 im Bereich des Strahlenfelds des Laserstrahls 16 an der zweiten Fügefläche 15 des zweiten Werkstückteils 14 ausbildet (Fig. 1B). Das erste transparente Werkstückteil 12 wird dann auf den Schmelzbereich 18 des zweiten Werkstückteils 14 herabgesenkt, bis die erste Fügefläche 13 mit dem Schmelzbereich 18 in direkten Kontakt tritt. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, daß die Fügeflächen 13, 15 bereits vor Beaufschlagung mit dem Laserstrahl 16 eng beieinander angeordnet sind oder im Kontakt miteinander stehen, so daß ein weiteres Herabsenken des ersten Werkstückteils 12 nicht erforderlich ist. (Fig. 1C). FIG. 1 schematically shows the course of a laser transmission welding process in 6 steps ( FIGS. 1A to 1F). In the method known per se, a first joining surface 13 of a first workpiece part 12 is welded to a second joining surface 15 of a second workpiece part 14 by means of a laser beam 16 . The first workpiece part 12 consists of a thermoplastic material which is transparent to the laser beam 16 , that is, which does not absorb the energy of the laser beam or absorbs it only to a very small extent. The second workpiece part 14 is made of a colored thermoplastic material, which is colored for example by soot particles, and therefore absorbs the energy of the laser beam. In a welding apparatus, the joining surfaces 13 , 15 to be joined are disposed in close proximity to each other and can be pressed against each other by means of a blank holder or the like (not shown) exerting a pressing force F in the direction of the arrows 30 on the first workpiece part 12 . The radiation source emitting the laser beam 16 is arranged so that the laser beam 16 impinges on the second joining surface 15 of the second workpiece part 14 through the first workpiece part 12 and the first joining surface 13 ( FIG. 1A). The energy of the laser beam 16 is absorbed at the second joining surface 15 , so that a melting region 18 is formed in the region of the radiation field of the laser beam 16 at the second joining surface 15 of the second workpiece part 14 ( FIG. 1B). The first transparent workpiece part 12 is then lowered down to the melting region 18 of the second workpiece part 14 until the first joining surface 13 comes into direct contact with the melting region 18 . Of course, it is also possible that the joining surfaces 13 , 15 are arranged close to each other before contact with the laser beam 16 or in contact with each other, so that a further lowering of the first workpiece part 12 is not required. ( Figure 1C).

Aufgrund des Kontakts der ersten Fügefläche 13 mit dem heißen Schmelzbereich 18 der zweiten Fügefläche 15 schmilzt auch die erste Fügefläche 13 in einem Kontaktbereich 20 durch Wärmeübertragung auf (Fig. 1D). Due to the contact of the first joining surface 13 with the hot melting region 18 of the second joining surface 15 , the first joining surface 13 also melts in a contact region 20 by heat transfer ( FIG. 1D).

Unter weiterer Druckbeaufschlagung verschmelzen die korrespondierenden Schmelzbereiche 18, 20 miteinander und bilden somit eine Schweißnaht 22 aus. Aufgrund der Druckbeaufschlagung kann überschüssiges Schweißmaterial 24 seitlich entlang der Schweißnaht 22 austreten oder abfließen (Fig. 1E). Upon further pressurization, the corresponding melt areas 18 , 20 fuse together and thus form a weld 22 . Due to the pressurization, excess weld material 24 may laterally escape or flow away along the weld 22 ( FIG. 1E).

Nach Abschalten des Laserstrahls 16 (Fig. 1F) verfestigen sich die vereinigten Schmelzbereiche der Schweißnaht 22 und bilden somit die gewünschte Verbindung zwischen den Werkstückteilen 12, 14 aus. After switching off the laser beam 16 ( FIG. 1F), the united melting regions of the weld seam 22 solidify and thus form the desired connection between the workpiece parts 12 , 14 .

Bei einem bekannten Quasisimultanschweißverfahren wird der Laserstrahl 16 im Sinne einer Bewegung in die Bildebene hinein bzw. aus der Bildebene hinaus (Fig. 1A-1F) fortbewegt, so daß sich fortlaufend aneinandergrenzende Abschnitte des zweiten Werkstückteils 14 erwärmen. Durch wiederholtes Abfahren der aus diesen Abschnitten gebildeten Schweißbahn erfolgt eine schrittweise Erhöhung der Temperatur jedes Abschnitts. In a known quasi-simultaneous welding method, the laser beam 16 is moved in the direction of movement into the image plane or out of the image plane ( FIGS. 1A-1F), so that contiguous portions of the second workpiece part 14 continuously heat up. By repeatedly traversing the welding path formed by these sections, the temperature of each section is gradually increased.

In Fig. 2 ist beispielhaft der Temperaturverlauf für einen bestimmten Abschnitt einer solchen Schweißbahn dargestellt. Aus der rechten Kurve, die den Temperaturverlauf beim konventionellen Verfahren darstellt, ist ersichtlich, daß die Temperatur jedes Schweißbahnabschnitts bei Beaufschlagen durch den Laserstrahl um ein bestimmtes Temperaturintervall angehoben wird, und die Temperatur bis zum erneuten Auftreffen des Laserstrahls auf denselben Abschnitt der Schweißbahn, d. h. nach einem Umlauf, wieder etwas abkühlt. Mit steigender Temperatur der Schweißbahnabschnitte nimmt auch das Abkühlintervall zu, weil die, Temperaturdifferenz zwischen der Schweißbahn und den benachbarten Bereichen des erwärmten Werkstückteils größer wird, so daß eine erhöhte Wärmeableitung in die benachbarten Bereichen erfolgt. Die somit absolut erreichte Temperaturerhöhung pro Laserstrahlumlauf d. h. die Differenz zwischen der durch den Laserstrahl bewirkten Temperaturerhöhung und der nachfolgenden durch Wärmeableitung erfolgten Temperaturabnahme, wird daher mit steigender Schweißbahntemperatur immer geringer. Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten konventionellen Schweißvorgang sind insgesamt 11 Laserstrahlumläufe erforderlich, um die Schweißbahn von Raumtemperatur auf die gewünschte Schmelztemperatur zu bringen. FIG. 2 shows, by way of example, the temperature profile for a specific section of such a welding path. From the right-hand curve, which shows the temperature profile in the conventional method, it can be seen that the temperature of each weld section is increased by a certain temperature interval upon application of the laser beam, and the temperature until the laser beam re-encounters the same section of the weld path, ie after a round, something cool again. With increasing temperature of the welding track sections, the cooling interval also increases, because the, temperature difference between the welding path and the adjacent areas of the heated workpiece part is greater, so that an increased heat dissipation takes place in the adjacent areas. The absolute temperature increase per laser beam revolution thus achieved, ie the difference between the temperature increase caused by the laser beam and the subsequent temperature decrease due to heat dissipation, therefore becomes ever smaller as the welding path temperature rises. In the conventional welding process illustrated in FIG. 2, a total of 11 laser beam revolutions are required in order to bring the welding path from room temperature to the desired melting temperature.

Erfindungsgemäß wird mindestens eines der zu verbindenden Werkstückteile 12, 14 zumindest im Bereich der Schweißbahn durch eine zusätzliche Energiequelle vorgeheizt und somit auf eine gegenüber der Umgebungstemperatur erhöhte Zwischentemperatur gebracht. Diese Zwischentemperatur liegt vorteilhafterweise nahe an der Schmelztemperatur des jeweiligen Werkstückteils. So kann beispielsweise bei einer Schmelztemperatur von 220°C die Zwischentemperatur 200°C betragen, so daß die durch den Laserstrahl 16 zu erbringende Temperaturdifferenz 20°C beträgt. Die Temperaturkurve für ein erfindungsgemäßes Schweißverfahren ist in Fig. 2 als linke, unterbrochen gezeichnete Kurve dargestellt. Es ist ersichtlich, daß in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel lediglich zwei Laserstrahlumläufe erforderlich sind, um das betreffende Werkstückteil von der Zwischentemperatur auf die Schmelztemperatur zu bringen. Aus dem Vergleich der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Temperaturkurven wird deutlich, daß mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eine erhebliche Verkürzung der Schweißzeit verbunden ist. Außerdem wird deutlich, daß der Temperaturabfall während eines Umlaufs geringer ist als in einem vergleichbaren Temperaturbereich beim konventionellen Schweißverfahren. Somit können bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren längere Umlaufzeiten in Kauf genommen werden und größere Schweißbahnlängen bearbeitet werden. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, die Zwischentemperatur so nahe an der Schmelztemperatur zu wählen, daß nur ein Umlauf des Laserstrahls genügt, um die jeweiligen Schmelztemperaturen der zu verbindenden Werkstückteile zu erreichen. According to the invention, at least one of the workpiece parts 12 , 14 to be joined is preheated by an additional energy source, at least in the area of the welding path, and thus brought to an intermediate temperature which is higher than the ambient temperature. This intermediate temperature is advantageously close to the melting temperature of the respective workpiece part. Thus, for example, at a melting temperature of 220 ° C, the intermediate temperature 200 ° C, so that the temperature to be provided by the laser beam 16 temperature difference is 20 ° C. The temperature curve for a welding method according to the invention is shown in Fig. 2 as a left, drawn broken curve. It can be seen that in the illustrated embodiment, only two laser beam circulations are required to bring the respective workpiece part from the intermediate temperature to the melting temperature. From the comparison of the temperature curves shown in Fig. 2 it is clear that with the inventive method a significant reduction of the welding time is connected. In addition, it is clear that the temperature drop during one revolution is lower than in a comparable temperature range in the conventional welding process. Thus, in the method according to the invention longer circulation times can be accepted and larger weld lengths are processed. It is particularly advantageous to choose the intermediate temperature so close to the melting temperature that only one revolution of the laser beam is sufficient to achieve the respective melting temperatures of the workpiece parts to be joined.

In Fig. 3 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Schweißvorrichtung dargestellt, die zum Verschweißen eines Gehäuses 24 mit einem zugehörigen Deckel 22 entlang einer Schweißbahn 28 eingesetzt wird. Die Schweißvorrichtung umfaßt eine Heizstation 35, in der die zu verschweißenden Werkstückteile 22, 24 vorgeheizt werden und die an eine Schweißstation 33 angrenzt, in der der eigentliche Schweißvorgang durchgeführt wird. Ein Transportband 40 ist im Bodenbereich der Schweißvorrichtung vorgesehen und dient zum Transportieren der zu verschweißenden Werkstückteile 22, 24 in Richtung des Pfeils 38 durch die Heizstation 35 und anschließend durch die Schweißstation 33. Auf dem Transportband 40 werden in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel quaderförmige Gehäuse 24 transportiert, die vor Eintritt in die Heizstation 35 mit formschlüssigen Deckeln 22 versehen werden. Die Deckel 22 bestehen aus einem für Laserstrahlen zumindest teilweise transparenten thermoplastischen Kunststoffmaterial, wohingegen die Gehäuse 24 aus einem Laserstahlen zumindest teilweise absorbierenden thermoplastischen Kunststoffmaterial bestehen. FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a welding device according to the invention, which is used to weld a housing 24 with an associated cover 22 along a welding path 28 . The welding apparatus comprises a heating station 35 , in which the workpiece parts 22 , 24 to be welded are preheated and which adjoins a welding station 33 , in which the actual welding operation is carried out. A conveyor belt 40 is provided in the bottom area of the welding apparatus and serves to transport the workpiece parts 22 , 24 to be welded in the direction of the arrow 38 through the heating station 35 and subsequently through the welding station 33 . On the conveyor belt 40 cuboidal housing 24 are transported in the illustrated embodiment, which are provided with positive covers 22 before entering the heating station 35 . The covers 22 consist of a thermoplastic material which is at least partly transparent to laser beams, whereas the housings 24 consist of a thermoplastic material which at least partially absorbs laser radiation.

In der Heizstation 35 wird im Betrieb ein darin befindliches Gehäuse 24 durch eine im Bereich des Transportbands 40 angeordnete Vorheizung 30 von unten vorgeheizt. Die Vorheiztemperatur wird dabei so gewählt, daß sie etwas unterhalb der Schmelztemperatur des das Gehäuse 24 bildenden thermoplastischen Kunststoffmaterials liegt. Durch Wärmeübertragung von dem Gehäuse 24 auf den Deckel 22 wird dieser ebenfalls vorgewärmt. In operation, in the heating station 35 , a housing 24 located therein is preheated from below by a preheating 30 arranged in the region of the conveyor belt 40 . The preheating temperature is chosen so that it is slightly below the melting temperature of the housing 24 forming thermoplastic material. By heat transfer from the housing 24 to the cover 22 this is also preheated.

Als Vorheizung 30 ist beispielsweise eine Heißluftheizung geeignet. Jedoch ist auch die Verwendung jeder anderen dem Fachmann bekannten Heizeinrichtung, z. B. eine Infrarotheizung, möglich. As preheater 30 , for example, a hot air heater is suitable. However, the use of any other known in the art heating device, for. As an infrared heater, possible.

Von der Heizstation 35 wird das somit vorgewärmte Gehäuse 22 mit Deckel 22 auf dem Transportband 40 in die Schweißstation 33 überführt. From the heating station 35 , the thus preheated housing 22 with cover 22 on the conveyor belt 40 is transferred to the welding station 33 .

Die Schweißstation 33 umfaßt eine Strahlenquelle 36, die einen Laserstrahl 26 erzeugt. Als Laserstrahl 26 ist insbesondere ein Nd:YAG-Laser oder ein Diodenlaser geeignet. Der Laserstrahl 26 wird mittels eines Scanners 34 auf einen Punkt in dem Bereich des Deckels 22 abgebildet, der in direktem Kontakt mit dem Gehäuse 24 steht. Der Scanner dient zum Verschieben des Laserstrahls 26 entlang einer in dem Kontaktbereich zwischen Deckel 24 und Gehäuse 22 vorgesehenen umlaufenden Schweißbahn 28 und wird vorteilhafterweise mittels einer (nicht dargestellten) Steuereinrichtung angesteuert, so daß nach dem vorstehend allgemein erläuterten Prinzip der für Laserstrahlen zumindest teilweise transparente Deckel 22 und das Laserstrahlen absorbierende Gehäuse 24 durch eine umlaufende Schweißnaht entlang der vorgesehenen Schweißbahn 28 verbunden werden können. The welding station 33 comprises a radiation source 36 which generates a laser beam 26 . As the laser beam 26 , an Nd: YAG laser or a diode laser is particularly suitable. The laser beam 26 is imaged by means of a scanner 34 to a point in the region of the lid 22 which is in direct contact with the housing 24 . The scanner serves to displace the laser beam 26 along a peripheral welding path 28 provided in the contact area between cover 24 and housing 22 and is advantageously controlled by means of a control device (not shown), so that, according to the above generally explained principle of at least partially transparent cover for laser beams 22 and the laser radiation absorbing housing 24 can be connected by a circumferential weld along the intended welding path 28 .

In der Schweißstation 33 ist weiterhin eine Strahlungsheizung 32 vorgesehen, die so eingestellt ist, daß der gesamte Deckel 22 durch Strahlungsenergie auf eine Temperatur unterhalb der Schmelztemperatur des Deckelmaterials beheizt werden kann. Selbstverständlich ist es insbesondere bei großen Werkstücken auch möglich, lediglich den Bereich der vorgesehenen Schweißnaht 28 zu beheizen, um die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile zu erreichen. Als Strahlungsheizung 32 ist vorteilhafterweise eine Infrarotheizung geeignet. In the welding station 33 , a radiant heater 32 is further provided, which is set so that the entire lid 22 can be heated by radiation energy to a temperature below the melting temperature of the lid material. Of course, it is also possible, in particular for large workpieces, to heat only the area of the envisaged weld seam 28 in order to achieve the advantages according to the invention. As radiant heater 32 is advantageously an infrared heater suitable.

Erfindungsgemäß ist es besonders vorteilhaft, den für den Laserstrahl weitgehend transparenten Deckel 22 zu beheizen. In dieser Anordnung ist es prinzipiell möglich, den Deckel 22 und somit jedes erste Werkstückteil 12 aus einem Material zu bilden, dessen Schmelztemperatur gleich hoch oder sogar etwas höher als die des Gehäuses 24 bzw. jedes zweiten Werkstückteils 14 ist. Dies war mit dem aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren nicht möglich, da die an der zweiten Fügefläche 15 des zweiten Werkstückteils 14 erzeugte Wärme stets nur unter Verlust auf die erste Fügefläche 13 des ersten Werkstückteils 12 übertragen werden konnte. Erfindungsgemäß wird somit eine größere Auswahl an für den Schweißvorgang zur Verfügung stehenden thermoplastischen Materialien möglich. According to the invention, it is particularly advantageous to heat the lid 22 , which is largely transparent to the laser beam. In this arrangement, it is in principle possible to form the lid 22 and thus each first workpiece part 12 of a material whose melting temperature is equal to or even slightly higher than that of the housing 24 and each second workpiece part 14 . This was not possible with the method known from the prior art, since the heat generated at the second joining face 15 of the second workpiece part 14 could always be transmitted only with loss to the first joining face 13 of the first workpiece part 12 . Thus, according to the invention, a greater choice of thermoplastic materials available for the welding operation becomes possible.

Die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Schweißvorrichtung weist somit als zusätzliche Energiequelle eine zweiteilige Heizeinrichtung auf, wobei die Vorheizung 30 das Gehäuse 24 vorheizt und die Strahlungsheizung 32 den Deckel 22 vor und/oder während des Schweißvorgangs beheizt. Mit dieser Anordnung wird der Vorteil erzielt, daß jedes Werkstückteil entsprechend seiner individuellen materialbedingten Eigenschaften auf unterschiedliche Zwischentemperaturen gebracht werden kann. The welding device illustrated in FIG. 3 thus has a two-part heating device as additional energy source, wherein the preheating 30 preheats the housing 24 and the radiant heater 32 heats the cover 22 before and / or during the welding process. With this arrangement, the advantage is achieved that each workpiece part can be brought to different intermediate temperatures according to its individual material-related properties.

Es ist jedoch ersichtlich, daß es im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung genügt, nur eine der in dem Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellten Heizvorrichtungen 30, 32 vorzusehen, um die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile zu erzielen. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Beheizung vor Beginn der Beaufschlagung mit dem Laserstrahl 26. However, it will be appreciated that within the scope of the present invention it suffices to provide only one of the heaters 30 , 32 shown in the embodiment in order to achieve the advantages according to the invention. Preferably, the heating takes place before the start of the application of the laser beam 26 .

Weiterhin ist es denkbar, in Fig. 3 die Vorheizung 30 in den Bereich der Schweißanlage 33 einzubeziehen. Somit kann auf eine gesonderte vorgelagerte Heizstation 30 verzichtet und eine kompaktere Schweißanlage 33 verwirklicht werden. In dieser Anordnung ist es zudem möglich, die Beizung auch nach Beginn der Laserbeaufschlagung fortzuführen. Furthermore, it is conceivable to include the preheater 30 in the area of the welding system 33 in FIG. 3. Thus, can dispense with a separate upstream heating station 30 and a more compact welding system 33 can be realized. In this arrangement, it is also possible to continue the pickling even after the start of laser exposure.

Claims (17)

1. Verfahren zum Schweißen einer Verbindung zwischen einer ersten Fügefläche (13) eines ersten thermoplastischen Werkstückteils (12, 22) und einer zweiten Fügefläche (15) eines zweiten thermoplastischen Werkstückteils (14, 24) mittels eines Energiestrahls (16, 26) entlang einer Schweißbahn (28), wobei der Energiestrahl (16, 26) durch das erste Werkstückteil (12, 22) wenigstens zum Teil hindurchtritt und im Bereich der zweiten Fügefläche (15) des zweiten Werkstückteils (14, 24) im wesentlichen absorbiert wird, wodurch das zweite Werkstückteil (14, 24) im Bereich der zweiten Fügefläche (15) erwärmt und Wärme auf die erste Fügefläche (13) des ersten Werkstückteils (12, 22) übertragen wird, bis die jeweiligen Schmelztemperaturen der Werkstückteile (12, 22, 14, 24) erreicht sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eines der Werkstückteile (12, 22, 14, 24) zumindest im Bereich der Schweißbahn (28) durch eine zusätzliche Energiequelle (30, 32) auf eine Temperatur unterhalb seiner Schmelztemperatur geheizt wird. 1. A method for welding a joint between a first joining surface (13) of a first thermoplastic workpiece part (12, 22) and a second joining surface (15) of a second thermoplastic workpiece part (14, 24) by means of an energy beam (16, 26) along a welding path ( 28 ), wherein the energy beam ( 16 , 26 ) at least partially passes through the first workpiece part ( 12 , 22 ) and in the region of the second joining surface ( 15 ) of the second workpiece part ( 14 , 24 ) is substantially absorbed, whereby the second Workpiece part ( 14 , 24 ) heated in the region of the second joining surface ( 15 ) and heat is transferred to the first joining surface ( 13 ) of the first workpiece part ( 12 , 22 ) until the respective melting temperatures of the workpiece parts ( 12 , 22 , 14 , 24 ) are reached, characterized in that at least one of the workpiece parts ( 12 , 22 , 14 , 24 ) at least in the region of the welding path ( 28 ) by a zusät zliche energy source ( 30 , 32 ) is heated to a temperature below its melting temperature. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erste Werkstückteil (12, 22) zumindest im Bereich der Schweißbahn (28) auf eine Temperatur unterhalb seiner Schmelztemperatur geheizt wird. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first workpiece part ( 12 , 22 ) is heated at least in the region of the welding path ( 28 ) to a temperature below its melting temperature. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beide Werkstückteile (12, 22, 14, 24) zumindest im Bereich der Schweißbahn (28) auf eine Temperatur unterhalb ihrer jeweiligen Schmelztemperatur geheizt werden. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that both workpiece parts ( 12 , 22 , 14 , 24 ) at least in the region of the welding path ( 28 ) are heated to a temperature below their respective melting temperature. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mindestens eine Werkstückteil (12, 22, 14, 24) zumindest im Bereich der Schweißbahn (28) vorgeheizt wird, bevor die Schweißbahn (28) mit dem Energiestrahl (16) beaufschlagt wird. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one workpiece part ( 12 , 22 , 14 , 24 ) at least in the region of the welding path ( 28 ) is preheated before the welding path ( 28 ) with the energy beam ( 16 ) is applied. 5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mindestens eine Werkstückteil (12, 22, 14, 24) zumindest im Bereich der Schweißbahn (28) geheizt wird, während die Schweißbahn (28) mit dem Energiestrahl (16) beaufschlagt wird. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one workpiece part ( 12 , 22 , 14 , 24 ) at least in the region of the welding path ( 28 ) is heated, while the welding path ( 28 ) with the energy beam ( 16 ) is applied. 6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das gesamte mindestens eine Werkstückteil (12, 22, 14, 24) geheizt wird. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the entire at least one workpiece part ( 12 , 22 , 14 , 24 ) is heated. 7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperatur so gewählt ist, daß die Schmelztemperaturen der Werkstückteile (12, 22, 14, 24) durch einmaliges Fortbewegen des Energiestrahls (16, 26) entlang der Schweißbahn (29) erreicht werden, wobei aufeinanderfolgende Schweißbahnabschnitte erwärmt werden. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the temperature is selected so that the melting temperatures of the workpiece parts ( 12 , 22 , 14 , 24 ) by a single movement of the energy beam ( 16 , 26 ) along the welding path ( 29 ) are achieved, wherein successive welding track sections are heated. 8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperatur so gewählt ist, daß die Schmelztemperaturen der Werkstückteile (12, 14) durch wiederholtes Fortbewegen des Energiestrahls (16, 26) entlang der Schweißbahn (28) erreicht werden, wobei aufeinanderfolgende Schweißbahnabschnitte schrittweise erwärmt werden. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the temperature is selected so that the melting temperatures of the workpiece parts ( 12 , 14 ) by repeatedly advancing the energy beam ( 16 , 26 ) along the welding path ( 28 ) are achieved wherein successive weld passages are heated stepwise. 9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mindestens eine Werkstückteil (12, 22, 14, 24) durch Infrarotstrahlung (32) auf die Zwischentemperatur geheizt wird. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the at least one workpiece part ( 12 , 22 , 14 , 24 ) by infrared radiation ( 32 ) is heated to the intermediate temperature. 10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Energiestrahl (16, 26) ein Laserstrahl verwendet wird. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a laser beam is used as the energy beam ( 16 , 26 ). 11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Laserstrahl (16, 26) ein Nd:YAG-Laserstrahl oder ein Diodenlaserstrahl verwendet wird. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that a Nd: YAG laser beam or a diode laser beam is used as the laser beam ( 16 , 26 ). 12. Vorrichtung zum Schweißen einer Verbindung zwischen einer ersten Fügefläche (13) eines ersten thermoplastischen Werkstückteils (12, 22) und einer zweiten Fügefläche (15) eines zweiten thermoplastischen Werkstückteils (14, 24) entlang einer Schweißbahn (28),
mit einer Strahlenquelle (36) zur Erzeugung eines Energiestrahls (16, 26), der durch das erste Werkstückteil (12, 22) wenigstens zum Teil hindurchtritt und im Bereich der zweiten Fügefläche (15) des zweiten Werkstückteils (14, 24) absorbiert wird,
einer Vorschubeinrichtung (34) zur relativen Verschiebung des Energiestrahls (16, 26) und der Werkstückteile (12, 22, 14, 24) entlang der Schweißbahn (28),
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß eine zusätzliche Energiequelle (30, 32) zum Erwärmen mindestens eines der Werkstückteile (12, 22, 14, 24) zumindest im Bereich der Schweißbahn (28) auf eine Temperatur unterhalb seiner Schmelztemperatur vorgesehen ist.
12. Device for welding a connection between a first joining surface ( 13 ) of a first thermoplastic workpiece part ( 12 , 22 ) and a second joining surface ( 15 ) of a second thermoplastic workpiece part ( 14 , 24 ) along a welding path ( 28 ),
with a radiation source ( 36 ) for generating an energy beam ( 16 , 26 ) which at least partially passes through the first workpiece part ( 12 , 22 ) and is absorbed in the region of the second joining surface ( 15 ) of the second workpiece part ( 14 , 24 ),
a feed device ( 34 ) for relative displacement of the energy beam ( 16 , 26 ) and the workpiece parts ( 12 , 22 , 14 , 24 ) along the welding path ( 28 ),
characterized,
in that an additional energy source ( 30 , 32 ) for heating at least one of the workpiece parts ( 12 , 22 , 14 , 24 ) at least in the region of the welding path ( 28 ) to a temperature below its melting temperature is provided.
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Steuereinrichtung zum Steuern der Vorschubeinrichtung (34) entlang der Schweißbahn (28) vorgesehen ist. 13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that a control device for controlling the feed device ( 34 ) along the welding path ( 28 ) is provided. 14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zusätzliche Energiequelle eine Infrarotheizung (32) ist. 14. The apparatus according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the additional energy source is an infrared heater ( 32 ). 15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zusätzliche Energiequelle eine Heißluftheizung (30) ist. 15. The apparatus of claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the additional energy source is a hot air heater ( 30 ). 16. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strahlenquelle (36) ein Laser ist. 16. Device according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the radiation source ( 36 ) is a laser. 17. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Laser ein Nd:YAG-Laser oder ein Diodenlaser ist. 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized that the laser is a Nd: YAG laser or a diode laser.
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DE102004004985A1 (en) * 2004-01-30 2005-08-18 Laserquipment Ag Method and device by transmission welding of two thermoplastic components
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DE102006026395A1 (en) * 2006-06-07 2007-12-13 Thomas Goldfuss Manufacturing plastic net forming part of known self-adhesive wound dressing, welds plastic projections to net intersections and heats to form mushroom ends
US8747585B2 (en) 2008-06-24 2014-06-10 Airbus Operations Ltd Method and apparatus for fabricating a fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite structure
US9469067B2 (en) 2008-06-24 2016-10-18 Airbus Operations Ltd Method and apparatus for fabricating a fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite structure

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