DE10227881A1 - drawer guide - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a drawer guide on which a two-armed lever rotatable about a pivot bearing is arranged, the lever arms of which extend from the pivot bearing and the first lever arm of which forms a positive connection between a linearly moving part and a body-fixed part of the drawer guide depending on the closed position , and on the second lever arm a first end of the pull-in spring is fastened, and the second end of the pull-in spring, spaced therefrom, is fastened under spring pretension to a linearly moving or body-fixed part of the drawer guide, the lever being pushed out when the drawer is inserted due to the positive engagement of the first lever arm a rest position over a dead center position is turned into an automatic position, in which the pretensioned spring on the second lever arm is automatically shortened by further rotation of the lever and the drawer guide together with the drawer is thus pulled into the body opening. The advantage of the drawer guide with the automatic retraction mechanism according to the invention is that after the dead center position of the lever has snapped over, the spring force of the retraction spring acts on the rotating lever in such a way that the torque on the lever increases with the increasing distance of the drawer. This ensures that the pull-in force acting on the drawer, which is directly proportional to the torque on the lever, is small at the beginning of the pull-in, with increasing ...

Description

The invention relates to a drawer slide Automatic feeder according to the preamble of the independent claim.

Such drawer guides with automatic feeder have the purpose of opening a drawer within one drawer guide into an opening of a furniture body move in automatically. When the user puts the drawer in the furniture body retracts then the automatic feeder is in the last area of the retraction the drawer is so effective that the drawer is easy to use of the user in the furniture body is drawn in and held there. Then the drawer opened again, so the user must first Overcome the closed holding force of the automatic feeder and then counter it open the feed force of the automatic feeder to the point at which the automatic feeder becomes ineffective again.

In the prior art, elastic springs are usually used in the prior art for generating the pull-in force of such automatic pull-in devices for drawers, which springs are designed in particular as helical tension springs. Here are, for example, the automatic feeders AT-393 948 B and the AT-400219 B to call.

Disadvantage of automatic drawers for drawers according to the prior art is that the elastic spring elements for the Generation of the pull-in force for pulling in and keeping the drawers closed inside the drawer opening the furniture body, an unfavorable one Force-path curve over own the catchment line.

When using existing automatic feeders it happens to a constant Decrease the pull-in force of the pull-in spring elements over the Entry path, which is not desirable is. The pull-in force has at the beginning of the pull-in Automatic their maximum, and then decreases continuously along the feed path, so that the closed holding force relative to locking the drawer is low. At the beginning of the closing, this leads to the big initial Pull-in force for an unintentionally strong acceleration of the drawer, giving the operator the feeling it is conveyed that the drawer is pulled out of his hand. In order to this effect does not become extreme, the initial force of the spring not increased arbitrarily in order to achieve a maximum locking force.

Object of the present invention is a drawer slide to be provided with automatic feeder, the feed spring of which more favorable power curve has than in the prior art. The initial Retraction force of the retraction spring on the drawer to be closed acts, should not be bigger, than the one at the end of the closing process closed holding force acting on the drawer. The aim is supposed to be a smaller initial one Pull-in force from a defined closed position during the closing of the Drawer and a larger closed holding force in the end position in the opening of the furniture body Completely retracted closed drawer.

To solve the task serves the technical teaching of the independent claim.

The essential feature here is that as automatic feeder for the drawer on the drawer slide a two-armed lever which is rotatable about a pivot bearing is arranged, whose first lever arm depending on the rotary movement the closed position existing positive and / or friction Connection between a linearly moving part and a body-fixed Part of the drawer slide forms, and at its second lever arm a first end of the retraction spring is attached, and the second end of the feed spring is spaced therefrom under spring tension on a linearly moving or fixed body Part of the drawer slide is attached, when inserting the drawer through the positive locking the first lever arm of the lever from a rest position over a Dead center position is turned into an automatic position in which under further rotation of the lever the preloaded spring on the second lever arm automatic shortened and thus the drawer slide together with drawer in the body opening draws.

Advantage of the drawer slide with the automatic feeder according to the invention is that after the snap the dead center position of the lever, the spring force of the retraction spring acts on the rotating lever such that the torque on the lever increases with increasing draw distance of the drawer. This ensures that the pull-in force acting on the drawer, which is directly proportional to the torque on the lever, at the beginning of the drawing in is small, becomes larger with increasing moving-in distance and the holding force when the drawer is fully retracted is greatest.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the two-armed lever is rotatably attached to a moving part of the drawer guide, in particular on the decor of the drawer or the drawer rail itself. The first lever arm of the two-armed lever is then from a certain closed position of the drawer by a fixed stop on the Body rail or on the body angle brought into positive engagement with this or this. When the drawer is inserted further into the furniture body, the two-armed lever then rotates via a dead center position and the pull-in mechanism starts automatically by rotating the two-armed lever around the pivot bearing. this will by automatically shortening the pre-tensioned retraction spring, which is attached with its first end to the second lifting alarm and with its second end to the decor of the drawer or the drawer slide itself, just like the two-armed lever.

Of course, this can be preferred embodiment the invention of the two-armed lever on another movable Part of the drawer slide be rotatably arranged, such as the middle rail (at a full extension) or on synchronous racks of the linearly moving Carriage (if any) or any other linear moving part of the drawer slide.

Likewise, the attachment of the fixed stop for the positive Coupling between the two-armed lever and a fixed part of the drawer guide arbitrarily chosen become. The stop can not only on the cabinet rail or the Body angle, but e.g. also on the synchronous racks fixed carriage (if any) or any other fixed part of the drawer guide.

It is only important that the two-armed lever rotatably attached to a linearly moving part of the drawer slide and with a fixed or body-fixed stop depending on the insertion path in form-fitting Intervention comes. The retraction spring is brought over a dead center and then moves insert the drawer into the body with increasing torque. in the fully retracted condition is the greatest holding moment for the drawer present because the distance between the fulcrum of the lever and the point of application of the Retraction spring on the second associated Lever arm is largest possible. The pull-in torque would be greatest in the position when the pivot bearing and the point of application of the feed spring of the lever vertically one above the other lie, so their distance is maximum.

In a second embodiment the invention is the kinematic reversal of the first embodiment of the invention are claimed. The two-armed lever is included rotatable on any fixed or body-fixed part of the drawer guide attached, especially on the cabinet rail or cabinet angle. The first arm of the two-armed lever then becomes a certain level closed position the drawer by a linearly moving stop on the decor the drawer or the drawer slide itself in positive engagement brought with it. The feed spring is again with its first End attached to the second Hebalarm and with its second end on any fixed or body-fixed part of the drawer slide, in particular on the body rail or on the body angle, just like the two-armed one Lever yourself.

It is only important that the two-armed lever rotatably attached to a fixed or fixed part of the drawer slide and with a linearly moving stop depending on the insertion path in positive engagement comes. The retraction spring is brought over a dead center and then moves insert the drawer into the body with increasing torque. in the fully retracted state, the greatest holding torque is then available, because the distance between the fulcrum of the lever and the point of application of the Retraction spring on the second associated Lever arm is largest possible. The pull-in torque would be greatest in the position when the pivot bearing and the point of application of the feed spring of the lever vertically one above the other lie, so their distance is maximum.

In both embodiments, however, it is important that between the pivot point of the two-armed lever and the suspension point the second end of the spring on a linearly moving or on a stationary Drawer part, no significant relative movement takes place.

It is preferably provided that the lever and the suspension point the second end of the spring are attached to the same component. But this is not absolutely necessary so in the first run e.g. also the lever on the decor and the second end of the spring on the Drawer rail can be attached or vice versa, and in the second execution e.g. the lever on the body rail and the second end of the spring can be attached to the body angle or vice versa. Important is just that there is no relative movement between the pivot of the two armed Lever and the fastening point of the spring on one of the drawer parts takes place, otherwise the spring is constantly in its shortest State would proceed.

The spring attachment point one of the drawer parts is preferably in a common one horizontal and / or vertical plane with the pivot of the two-armed Lever, but this is not a solution is because other positions outside of these levels are possible.

It is preferred if the pivot bearing of the lever, as well as the attachment point of the spring on the second lever arm, as seen in the insertion direction, is arranged in front of the attachment point of the spring on the linearly moved or stationary part of the drawer guide. It is also preferred that the point of attachment of the spring on the second lever arm seen in the direction of insertion is always in front of the pivot bearing during rotation, or at most directly vertically above it. Of course, all other relative arrangements of the pivot bearing and the spring engagement points are also possible. It is only important that the spring after the dead center position, when the automatic is always preloaded, and that there is no significant relative movement between the pivot bearing and the suspension point of the spring on the linearly moving or stationary part of the drawer guide, so that the lever can also be turned and turned not only the rotary bearing linear ver pushes. It also makes sense if the spring is pretensioned before the dead center position when the automatic does not work, so that the lever waits in a stable parking position (rest position) until it can move into the stop (automatic position).

Formation of the two-armed lever is preferably designed such that the two lever arms are different Have length. The relationship the lever arm lengths is preferably between 2 and 3 depending on the drawer, the longer first lever arm the form fit and the shorter second lever arm the attachment point for the forms one end of the spring and thus the torque of the lever or the drawer pulls in.

The angle between the lever arms is about 120 °, where angles slightly below or above 120 ° are also possible, e.g. 100 °, 110 °, 130 ° or 140 °.

The dead center position (rest position), in which the automatic feeder does not work, lies for the short second lever arm at approximately minus 10 °, which angle is then overcome against the tensile force of the spring must act until the automatic feeder at or above the dead center starts. Others can too Angle between approximately minus 1 ° and minus 30 ° provided be an unintentional triggering of the automatic feeder or to prevent the lever from turning unintentionally. The long first lever is then around minus 135 °.

In the end position, i.e. if the drawer has been completely drawn in by the automatic feeder short second lever with the spring application point at about plus 45 ° and the long first lever at about minus 80 °.

In the retracted position / end position corresponds to the drawer the length the spring about the length of the first lever arm, making cheap leverage ratios and spring dimensions become.

For the end positions of the lever are provided with respective rotary stops. The turning stop for the Position of the lever when the drawer is completely retracted can by the stop for that Trigger automatic feeder included.

This stop for triggering the automatic feeder has a recess in which the long second lever arm engages can and when the drawer is completely retracted there canted so that another insertion of the drawer does not possible is. This recess is limited by a low and a high one Wall, with the lower wall in the direction of insertion and at Push in the drawer with the long lever becomes. When the drawer is retracted further, the long one hits Lever on a run-in slope the high wall so that the lever rotates in motion puts.

For both of the above embodiments the invention applies to the function of the automatic feed mechanism:

In the disengaged, ineffective position the feed mechanism, i.e. when the drawer comes out of the (opening of the Body sufficient the two-armed lever is in a position the slightly above the dead center of the maximum deflection of the spring.

Now the drawer is in the opening of the body retracted, so runs the two-armed lever on the stop and the two-armed lever begins to rotate around its pivot bearing.

This will make the two-armed lever rotated towards its top dead center, where the spring its maximum length has, so the maximum spring preload acts. The drawer must therefore be pushed against dead center against the spring preload until the automatic feeder starts to work.

Exactly at the dead center of the lever then neither an insertion resistance, another pull-in force, so that the drawer is free of shear and pull the opening the body lies. However, this only applies if the pivot bearing and the point of application the spring on a drawer slide lie in a common horizontal plane.

Now the user pushes the drawer further into the opening the body, then the two-armed lever turns over the Dead center position and the feed mechanism starts to work. The spring force acting on the lever and decreasing only to a limited extent when the spring is contracted, the torque of the lever causes depending on the distance between the levers and the pivot bearing, i.e. depending on the distance between the pivot point the lever to the spring's point of attack.

The spring will pull off Dead center from its maximum stretched position with maximum spring preload with lever distance equal to zero in a shorter position with optimal / maximum Lever distance together. In this state, the (lower as in dead center) spring force to an optimal / maximum lever distance, so that when the drawer is pulled in, the optimal if necessary, maximum torque acts on the lever and thus the optimal, if necessary, maximum pull-in force on the drawer.

In a further development of the invention the two-armed lever of the automatic feeder can also be damped Be provided movement that is a subdued, harmonic linear The drawer is moved into the opening of the furniture body. In particular, the damping used in the area of the pivot bearing of the two-armed lever in the form of a rotary damper, but all other damping principles according to the prior art of the present invention should be.

Depending on the lever ratio of the two-armed lever, depending on the position of the engagement points of the retraction spring, depending on the location of the lever and the spring and depending on the manner of damping the lever movement, the retracting movement of the drawer can be chosen almost arbitrarily. It is important, however, that the pull-in force is kept low at the beginning and the closed holding force is kept relatively large, so that there is a reversal of the situation as with the automatic pull-in devices in the prior art.

The automatic feeder according to the present invention is preferred in the front area of the drawer in the area of the panel arranged, which facilitates initial adjustment, maintenance and repair. So can all in one area Settings for the drawer can be made.

In the following, the ending becomes closer with the enclosed Drawings explained, from which further features and advantages emerge.

Show it:

1 : A side view of a rail of the drawer guide according to the invention during the closing of the drawer, in a position at the moment when the lever begins to engage the stop;

2 : A side view of a rail of the drawer guide according to the invention during the closing of the drawer, in a position with the automatic retraction effect after the dead center of the lever;

3 : A side view of a rail of the drawer guide according to the invention in the closed state of the drawer;

4 : A front view in section of the drawer slide according to the invention along the line IV-IV of the 3 ,

The 1 - 3 show the side view of the drawer slide according to the invention, the 4 whose sectional front view of the closed drawer or the fully retracted drawer slide.

The figures show a drawer rail Full extension for a drawer slide, but what for not restricting the invention is to be understood. The automatic feed as in the general part before described, of course can also be used with partial extension systems, but also with all Variants of full extension systems for drawer runners. In the following, however, only one type is used as an example for simplification reasons of a full extension system.

The figures only show a drawer slide for one Side of the drawer, of course a total of two such drawer guides left and right of Drawer needed per drawer are.

The drawer slide according to the 1 - 4 include a body angle 1 , which is arranged stationary within an opening of a furniture body (not shown) and is horizontally opposite a similar drawer guide.

On the body angle 1 is a cabinet rail 2 attached to the stop 17 for the rotation and positive locking of the lever 10 wearing.

On the cabinet rail 2 is about a first carriage 3 linearly movable a middle rail 4 stored, which in turn has a second carriage 5 a drawer rail can be moved linearly 6 wearing.

On the drawer rail 6 is the decor 7 fixed to which the drawer (not shown) is anchored.

Between the carriage 3 the body rail 2 , the middle rail 4 , and the carriage 5 the drawer slide 6 is a synchronization in the form of racks 8th and pinion 9 intended. The racks 8th are here with the carriage 3 the body rail 2 and with the carriage 5 the drawer slide 6 connected, which are engaged with the pinion 9 on the middle rail 4 , This will ensure a smooth movement between the rails 2 . 4 and 6 guaranteed.

The feed lever 10 sits rotatably on a pivot bearing 11 , which with the decor 7 is appropriate.

Especially in 4 you can see that the short lever arm 12 of the lever 10 up into a recording room in the decor 7 protrudes and carries a pin at its end, which serves as a mounting point for the feed spring 14 serves, which is also essentially in the receiving room of the decor 7 located.

The long lever arm 13 of the lever 10 protrudes within the decor 7 down and reaches into the stop there 17 form-fitting because the drawer is fully retracted. The lever 10 or the lever arm 13 is bent in a Z-shape so that it is next to the rails 2 . 4 . 6 can be guided along to the fixed stop 17 on the body rail 6 ,

In the 1 - 3 it can be seen that the spring 14 between the point of attack 15 on the short lever arm 12 and the point of attack 16 on the decor 7 is arranged.

After the 1 - 3 is the point of attack 16 the feather 14 with the fulcrum 11 roughly in a horizontal plane and after 4 also in a vertical plane, so that favorable leverage ratios are achieved. It is important that the pivot bearing 11 of the lever 10 on the decor 7 is appropriate, as is the point of attack 16 the feather 14 ,

When entering in the closing direction 22 the drawer (not shown) attached to the decor 7 the drawer slide 6 the two-armed lever moves 10 that rotates on the decor 7 is stored on the stop 17 on and is thus from its locking position 1 pressed.

The mainspring 14 can use their strength on the lever 10 transfer. Thus the lever 10 in three hung in the direction of rotation 23 moves and swivels into the driver during retraction 17 one that is on the cabinet rail 2 located. The driver 17 has a front low wall 18 and a high back wall 19 with ramp area 20 , being between the two walls 18 . 19 a recess 21 is defined in which the long lever arm 13 of the lever 10 intervenes when the drawer is retracted.

By turning the lever 10 the distance between the spring engagement point increases 15 on the short lever arm 12 to the pivot point of the pivot bearing 11 , As a result, the pull-in force increases steadily when the drawer is retracted after the dead center. The decor 7 is thus drawn in and the drawer retracts with the desired movement, which may be dampened.

In 1 you can see that the drawer is in the closing direction 22 is inserted into the furniture body (not shown) and the lever 10 thereby by the fixed stop 17 in the direction of rotation 23 is rotated.

2 shows the state of the 1 subsequent movement where the short lever arm 12 over the dead center (dead center = short lever arm 12 stands horizontally at 0 °) and then the tension spring 14 the retraction movement starts with little force because the distance between the point of attack 15 the spring on the short lever arm 12 to the pivot 11 is still small. This corresponds to a small angle of attack 24 between the longitudinal axis of the tension spring 14 and the longitudinal axis of the short lever arm 12 ,

3 adjusts to move as a subsequent state 2 the closed position of the drawer in which the angle of attack 24 between the longitudinal axis of the tension spring 14 of the short lever arm 12 relating to 2 got bigger and bigger 3 is greatest. The closing moment of the spring is accordingly 14 largest in the closed position.

The pull-in torque increases from zero to a maximum at the pull-in position 3 where the pull-in torque is used as the closed holding torque.

1

face angle

2

cabinet member

3

carriage Body rail-center rail

 4

middle rail

5

carriage Central rail drawer rail

6

drawer rail

7

decor

8th

rack

9

pinion

10

loading lever

11

pivot bearing loading lever

12

short lever arm

13

Longer lever arm

 14

Pick spring

15

point of attack the retraction spring on the short lever arm

16

Angriftpunkt the pull-in spring on decor

17

attack for levers

18

Front wall

19

Rear wall

20

ramp surface

21

recess

22

closing direction

23

direction of rotation

 24

angle of attack

Claims (20)

Drawer guide with automatic retraction with elastic, springy retraction element, each containing a rail system arranged on two sides of the drawer, which has at least one cabinet rail that can be attached to a furniture body ( 2 ) which has a linear bearing ( 3 . 5 ) on a drawer rail ( 6 ) is mounted in a linearly movable manner, characterized in that as an automatic pull-in system for the drawer on the drawer guide, a pivot bearing ( 11 ) rotating two-armed lever ( 10 ) is arranged, the first lever arm ( 13 ) forms an interlocking and / or frictional connection between a linearly moving part and a body-fixed part of the drawer guide, depending on the closed position, and on the second lever arm ( 12 ) a first end of the retraction spring ( 14 ) and the second end of the retraction spring ( 14 ) spaced therefrom under spring pretension to a linearly moving or body-fixed part of the drawer guide, whereby when the drawer is pushed in by the positive locking of the first lever arm ( 13 ) the lever ( 10 ) is turned from a rest position over a dead center position into an automatic position, in which the lever () 10 ) the preloaded spring ( 14 ) on the second lever arm ( 12 ) is automatically shortened and the drawer guide and drawer are pulled into the cabinet opening. Drawer slide according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-armed lever ( 10 ) is rotatably attached to a moving part of the drawer guide and its first lever arm ( 12 ) from a certain closed position of the drawer comes into positive and / or frictional engagement with a stationary part of the drawer guide. Drawer slide according to claim 2, characterized in that the two-armed lever ( 10 ) rotatable on the drawer rail ( 6 ) or on one of the drawer rails ( 6 ) attached decor ( 7 ) is attached and its first lever arm ( 12 ) from a certain closed position of the drawer by a fixed stop ( 17 ) on the cabinet rail ( 2 ) or on a body angle attached to it ( 1 ) is brought into positive engagement with this or this. Drawer slide according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-armed lever ( 10 ) is rotatably attached to a stationary part of the drawer guide and its first lever arm ( 12 ) from a certain closed position of the drawer comes into positive and / or frictional engagement with a moving part of the drawer guide. Drawer slide according to claim 2, characterized in that the two-armed lever ( 10 ) rotatable on the body rail ( 2 ) or on a body angle attached to it ( 1 ) is attached and its first lever arm ( 12 ) from a certain closed position of the drawer by a fixed stop ( 17 ) on the drawer rail ( 6 ) or on one of the drawer rails ( 6 ) attached decor ( 7 ) is brought into positive engagement with this or this. Drawer slide according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the lever ( 10 ) and the suspension point ( 16 ) of the second end of the spring ( 14 ) are attached to the same component and therefore no significant relative movement between the pivot bearing ( 11 ) of the lever ( 10 ) and the suspension point ( 16 ) of the second end of the spring ( 14 ) of the. Drawer slide according to claim 6, characterized in that both the pivot bearing ( 11 ) of the lever ( 10 ), as well as the suspension point ( 16 ) of the second end of the spring ( 14 ) on the decor ( 7 ) are arranged. Drawer slide according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the fastening point ( 16 ) the feather ( 14 ) in a common horizontal and / or vertical plane with the pivot bearing ( 11 ) of the two-armed lever ( 10 ) lies. Drawer slide according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pivot bearing ( 11 ) of the lever ( 10 ), as well as the attachment point ( 15 ) the feather ( 14 ) on the second lever arm ( 12 ) seen in the direction of insertion before the attachment point ( 16 ) the feather ( 14 ) is arranged on the linearly moved or stationary part of the drawer guide. Drawer slide according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the fastening point ( 15 ) the feather ( 14 ) on the second lever arm ( 12 ) seen in the direction of insertion always while turning in front of the pivot bearing ( 11 ), or directly vertically above it. Drawer slide according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the two lever arms ( 12 . 13 ) of the lever ( 10 ) have different lengths. Drawer slide according to claim 11, characterized in that the first lever arm ( 13 ) for the coupling between moving and stationary parts is longer than the second lever arm ( 12 ) on which the spring ( 14 ) is set. Drawer slide according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the lever length ratio of the lever arms ( 12 . 13 ) is between 2 and 3. Drawer slide according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the angle between the lever arms ( 12 . 13 ) is between 100 ° and 140 °. Drawer slide according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the second lever arm ( 12 ) lies in the range between minus 1 ° and minus 30 °, based on the vertical dead center position (0 °). Drawer slide according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that in the retracted / end position, in which the drawer is fully retracted into the body, the lever arm ( 12 ) lies in the range between plus 45 ° and plus 90 °, based on the vertical dead center position (0 °). Drawer slide according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that in the retracted / end position of the drawer the length of the spring ( 14 ) about the length of the first lever arm ( 13 ) corresponds. Drawer slide according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that a movement damping of the drawer during the action of the automatic retraction in the automatic position of the He bels ( 10 ) is provided. Drawer slide according to claim 18, characterized in that the movement damping of the drawer by damping the lever ( 10 ) is provided. Drawer slide according to claim 19, characterized in that the movement damping of the lever ( 10 ) by a rotary damper of the pivot bearing ( 11 ) is provided.