DE10203106A1 - Optical system, to gather solar energy, has linear Fresnel's lens focused at absorber, together with angled mirror assembly to bundle light towards absorber and increase solar density from all sun positions - Google Patents
Optical system, to gather solar energy, has linear Fresnel's lens focused at absorber, together with angled mirror assembly to bundle light towards absorber and increase solar density from all sun positionsInfo
- Publication number
- DE10203106A1 DE10203106A1 DE10203106A DE10203106A DE10203106A1 DE 10203106 A1 DE10203106 A1 DE 10203106A1 DE 10203106 A DE10203106 A DE 10203106A DE 10203106 A DE10203106 A DE 10203106A DE 10203106 A1 DE10203106 A1 DE 10203106A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- absorber
- optical system
- density
- linear fresnel
- mirror assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/77—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with flat reflective plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
- F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein optisches System bestehend aus zwei oder mehreren optisch wirksamen Bauelementen und einem Verfahren zur Berechnung dieser Elemente, wobei die vorliegende Erfindung vornehmlich im Bereich der konzentrierenden Systeme in der Solartechnik eingesetzt wird. The present invention relates to an optical system consisting of two or several optically effective components and a method for calculating them Elements, the present invention primarily in the field of concentrating Systems used in solar technology.
Im Bereich der konzentrierenden Systeme in der Solartechnik sind verschiedene Lösungen bekannt, die die einfallende direkte solare Strahlung auf Absorber unterschiedlichster Art fokussiert. Anwendungsbezogen können die Absorber spezielle photovoltaisch arbeitende Halbleiter und Flüssigkeiten oder Gase zum Antrieb von Turbinen oder Stirlingmotoren oder zur Erzeugung von Nutzwärme sein. Die benötigte und von den optisch konzentrierenden Systemen erreichte geometrische Konzentration, also das Verhältnis der zur Verfügung stehenden Aperturfläche und der effektiven Absorberfläche liegt dabei zwischen 2 und 10000. Bis zu einer Konzentration von 100 können die optischen Systeme in einer Achse dem Sonnenlauf nachgeführt werden, darüber hinaus ist eine zweiachsige Nachführung, ähnlich der eines astronomischen Teleskops notwendig. There are various solutions in the field of concentrating systems in solar technology known that the incident direct solar radiation on absorbers of all kinds focused. Depending on the application, the absorbers can special photovoltaic Semiconductors and liquids or gases for driving turbines or Stirling engines or to generate useful heat. The required and from the optically concentrating Systems achieved geometric concentration, i.e. the ratio of the available standing aperture area and the effective absorber area is between 2 and 10,000. Up to a concentration of 100, the optical systems can move in one axis Sun tracking can be tracked, in addition is a biaxial tracking, similar to that an astronomical telescope.
Eingesetzt werden zum einen Reflexionskonzentratoren, wie Parabolrinnen, Hohlspiegel oder Heliostatenfelder und zum anderen Brechungskonzentratoren wie Sammellinsen, Zylinderlinsen oder Fresnellinsen. On the one hand, reflection concentrators such as parabolic troughs, concave mirrors or Heliostat fields and other refractive concentrators such as converging lenses, Cylindrical lenses or Fresnel lenses.
Beim Einsatz von zylindrischen Fresnellinsen, den linearen Fresnellinsen, die aus lang ausgestreckten Prismen mit unterschiedlichen Prismenwinkeln bestehen und deren Berechnung in der Literatur zu finden ist, wird häufig auf einachsige Nachführung des optischen Systems zurückgegriffen. Dabei wird das optische System dem Azimut oder der Elevation der Sonne nachgeführt, was einer Ausrichtung der linearen Strukturen in Nord-Süd-Richtung bzw. in Ost-West-Richtung entspricht. Die jeweils nicht nachgeführte Richtung des optischen Systems führt bei Veränderung des Sonnenstandes zu einem Schrägeinfall der Sonnenstrahlen auf die Aperturfläche, wobei die Strahlungseinfallswinkel parallel zu den linearen Strukturen der Fresnellinsen auftreten. When using cylindrical Fresnel lenses, the linear Fresnel lenses that come from long stretched prisms with different prism angles exist and their calculation in The literature found is often based on uniaxial tracking of the optical system resorted. The optical system becomes the azimuth or the elevation of the sun tracked what an alignment of the linear structures in the north-south direction or in East-West direction corresponds. The direction of the optical that is not tracked Systems causes the sun's rays to slant when the position of the sun changes the aperture area, the angle of incidence parallel to the linear structures of the Fresnel lenses occur.
Dieser Schrägeinfall führt immer zu einer Verschiebung des Fokalbereiches zur Linsenebene hin. This oblique incidence always leads to a shift of the focal area to the lens plane out.
In Fig. 1a, Fig. 1b, Fig. 2a und Fig. 2b wird diese Problematik erläutert. Fig. 1a zeigt den Strahlengang bei einer wie oben beschriebenen herkömmlichen Fresnellinse. Die einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen 1 werden von der Fresnellinse 2 in die Fokalebene mit dem Absorber 3 gebrochen. Fig. 1b zeigt die senkrecht dazu gehörenden Strahlverlauf. In Fig. 1a, Fig. 1b, Fig. 2a and Fig. 2b this problem will be explained. FIG. 1a shows the beam path at a conventional Fresnel lens as described above. The incident sun rays 1 are refracted by the Fresnel lens 2 into the focal plane with the absorber 3 . Fig. 1b shows the perpendicular beam path.
Die Änderung des Fokalbereiches führt dazu, dass der Absorber mechanisch aufwendig bei Schrägeinfall nachgeführt werden muss. Weiterhin ist eine gleichmäßige Bündelung wie im ursprünglichen Fokalbereich nicht mehr gegeben und somit die gewünschte Strahlungskonzentration geringer. Ebenso werden Strahlen aus den Randbereichen der Linse durch Totalreflexion und durch hohe Reflexionsgrade in den Raum der einfallenden Strahlen zurückreflektiert, was zu optisch bedingten Verlusten führt. Eine zweiachsige Nachführung wird dadurch notwendig. The change in the focal area means that the absorber is mechanically complex Inclined incidence must be tracked. Furthermore, an even bundling as in original focal area no longer exists and thus the desired one Radiation concentration lower. Rays from the edge areas of the lens are also transmitted Total reflection and high reflectance into the area of the incident rays reflected back, which leads to optical losses. This makes a two-axis tracking necessary.
Somit besteht die Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, mit einfachen Mitteln die aufwendige mechanische zusätzliche Nachführung des Absorbers zu ersetzen und gleichzeitig optische Verluste bei schrägem Einfall zu minimieren. Thus, the object of the invention is to use simple means the complex mechanical additional tracking of the absorber to replace and at the same time optical losses to minimize in oblique incidence.
Die Funktion des erfindungsgemäßen optischen Systems wird in Fig. 3a, Fig. 3b, Fig. 4a und Fig. 4b erläutert. Dabei werden die Prismenwinkel der erfindungsgemäßen Fresnellinse so ausgebildet, dass der in Kombination mit den an dem Absorber 3 angebrachten erfindungsgemäßen Spiegelplatten über den Tagesverlauf maximale Energieeintrag auf dem Absorber gewährleistet wird. Wie in Fig. 4a und Fig. 4b gezeigt, wird vornehmlich eine gleichmäßige und hohe Konzentration durch die Fresnellinse bei schrägem Einfall erreicht. Bei geradem Einfall der in Fig. 3a und Fig. 3b beschrieben wird, werden die einfallenden Strahlen 1 durch den erfindungsgemäßen optischen Aufbau der Fresnellinse 2 und der Spiegelplatten 4 ebenso maximal konzentriert. The function of the optical system according to the invention is shown in Fig. 3a, Fig. 3b, Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b explained. The prism angles of the Fresnel lens according to the invention are designed such that the maximum energy input on the absorber is ensured over the course of the day in combination with the mirror plates according to the invention attached to the absorber 3 . As shown in Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b, is primarily achieved a uniform and high concentration through the Fresnel lens at oblique incidence. In a straight incidence is described in Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b, the incident rays 1 are as maximum concentrated by the inventive optical design of the Fresnel lens 2 and the mirror plates 4.
Die Prismenwinkel der Fresnellinse des erfindungsgemäßen Aufbaus müssen ermittelt werden, in dem für jede gewünschte Position als Abstand von der optischen Achse des Linsensystems derjenige Prismenwinkel durch Berechnung des optischen Strahlengangs unter Berücksichtigung der Spiegelplatten bestimmt wird, bei dem der maximale Ertrag an einfallenden Strahlen auf die Absorberfläche bei Variation des Einfallwinkels erreicht wird. In die Berechnung der Prismenwinkel gehen gewünschte Fokalweiten und Anstellwinkel der Spiegelplatten ein. The prism angle of the Fresnel lens of the construction according to the invention must be determined be in the for each desired position as a distance from the optical axis of the Lens system that prism angle by calculating the optical beam path below Consideration of the mirror plates is determined at which the maximum yield of incident Radiation on the absorber surface is achieved with variation of the angle of incidence. In the Calculate the prism angles go to desired focal widths and angles of attack of the mirror plates on.
Als Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen optischen Systems kann die Fresnellinse in
flacher oder gewölbter Form ausgelegt werden. Die optischen Materialien der Linse sind
vornehmlich transparente Kunststoffe wie PMMA oder auch Glas.
Bezugszeichenliste
1 Strahlengang
2 Fresnellinse
3 Absorber
4 Trogförmige Spiegelsystem
As an embodiment of the optical system according to the invention, the Fresnel lens can be designed in a flat or curved shape. The optical materials of the lens are primarily transparent plastics such as PMMA or glass. LIST OF REFERENCES 1 beam path
2 Fresnel lens
3 absorbers
4 trough-shaped mirror system
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10203106A DE10203106A1 (en) | 2002-01-25 | 2002-01-25 | Optical system, to gather solar energy, has linear Fresnel's lens focused at absorber, together with angled mirror assembly to bundle light towards absorber and increase solar density from all sun positions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10203106A DE10203106A1 (en) | 2002-01-25 | 2002-01-25 | Optical system, to gather solar energy, has linear Fresnel's lens focused at absorber, together with angled mirror assembly to bundle light towards absorber and increase solar density from all sun positions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE10203106A1 true DE10203106A1 (en) | 2003-07-31 |
Family
ID=7713172
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE10203106A Withdrawn DE10203106A1 (en) | 2002-01-25 | 2002-01-25 | Optical system, to gather solar energy, has linear Fresnel's lens focused at absorber, together with angled mirror assembly to bundle light towards absorber and increase solar density from all sun positions |
Country Status (1)
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DE (1) | DE10203106A1 (en) |
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008152157A1 (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-12-18 | Concentración Solar La Mancha, S.L. | Refractive optical system for collecting and concentrating solar energy |
FR2927155A1 (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2009-08-07 | R & D Ind Sarl | SOLAR CAPTOR. |
US7952017B2 (en) | 2003-09-24 | 2011-05-31 | Crf Societa Consortile Per Azioni | Multifocal light concentrator for a device for the conversion of radiation, and in particular for the conversion of solar radiation into electrical, thermal or chemical energy |
US9291320B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2016-03-22 | Cree, Inc. | Consolidated troffer |
US9366396B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2016-06-14 | Cree, Inc. | Optical waveguide and lamp including same |
US9366799B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-06-14 | Cree, Inc. | Optical waveguide bodies and luminaires utilizing same |
US9389367B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2016-07-12 | Cree, Inc. | Optical waveguide and luminaire incorporating same |
US9442243B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2016-09-13 | Cree, Inc. | Waveguide bodies including redirection features and methods of producing same |
US9625638B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-04-18 | Cree, Inc. | Optical waveguide body |
US9690029B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2017-06-27 | Cree, Inc. | Optical waveguides and luminaires incorporating same |
US9869432B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2018-01-16 | Cree, Inc. | Luminaires using waveguide bodies and optical elements |
US9920901B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-03-20 | Cree, Inc. | LED lensing arrangement |
US10209429B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-02-19 | Cree, Inc. | Luminaire with selectable luminous intensity pattern |
US10234616B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2019-03-19 | Cree, Inc. | Simplified low profile module with light guide for pendant, surface mount, wall mount and stand alone luminaires |
US10416377B2 (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2019-09-17 | Cree, Inc. | Luminaire with controllable light emission |
US10436970B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-10-08 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Shaped optical waveguide bodies |
US11112083B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2021-09-07 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Optic member for an LED light fixture |
US11719882B2 (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2023-08-08 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Waveguide-based light sources with dynamic beam shaping |
-
2002
- 2002-01-25 DE DE10203106A patent/DE10203106A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7952017B2 (en) | 2003-09-24 | 2011-05-31 | Crf Societa Consortile Per Azioni | Multifocal light concentrator for a device for the conversion of radiation, and in particular for the conversion of solar radiation into electrical, thermal or chemical energy |
FR2927155A1 (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2009-08-07 | R & D Ind Sarl | SOLAR CAPTOR. |
WO2008152157A1 (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-12-18 | Concentración Solar La Mancha, S.L. | Refractive optical system for collecting and concentrating solar energy |
WO2008152176A2 (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-12-18 | Concentración Solar La Mancha, S.L. | Optical system for capture and concentration of solar energy |
WO2008152176A3 (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2009-03-26 | Concentracion Solar La Mancha | Optical system for capture and concentration of solar energy |
US9389367B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2016-07-12 | Cree, Inc. | Optical waveguide and luminaire incorporating same |
US9366396B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2016-06-14 | Cree, Inc. | Optical waveguide and lamp including same |
US9291320B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2016-03-22 | Cree, Inc. | Consolidated troffer |
US10234616B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2019-03-19 | Cree, Inc. | Simplified low profile module with light guide for pendant, surface mount, wall mount and stand alone luminaires |
US9442243B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2016-09-13 | Cree, Inc. | Waveguide bodies including redirection features and methods of producing same |
US9519095B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2016-12-13 | Cree, Inc. | Optical waveguides |
US9581751B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2017-02-28 | Cree, Inc. | Optical waveguide and lamp including same |
US11644157B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2023-05-09 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Luminaires using waveguide bodies and optical elements |
US9690029B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2017-06-27 | Cree, Inc. | Optical waveguides and luminaires incorporating same |
US9869432B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2018-01-16 | Cree, Inc. | Luminaires using waveguide bodies and optical elements |
US11070493B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2021-07-20 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Simplified low profile module with light guide for pendant, surface mount, wall mount and stand alone luminaires |
US10436969B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2019-10-08 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Optical waveguide and luminaire incorporating same |
US9366799B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-06-14 | Cree, Inc. | Optical waveguide bodies and luminaires utilizing same |
US10209429B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-02-19 | Cree, Inc. | Luminaire with selectable luminous intensity pattern |
US10436970B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-10-08 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Shaped optical waveguide bodies |
US9920901B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-03-20 | Cree, Inc. | LED lensing arrangement |
US11112083B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2021-09-07 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Optic member for an LED light fixture |
US9625638B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-04-18 | Cree, Inc. | Optical waveguide body |
US10416377B2 (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2019-09-17 | Cree, Inc. | Luminaire with controllable light emission |
US10527785B2 (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2020-01-07 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Waveguide-based light sources with dynamic beam shaping |
US10890714B2 (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2021-01-12 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Waveguide-based light sources with dynamic beam shaping |
US11372156B2 (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2022-06-28 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Waveguide-based light sources with dynamic beam shaping |
US11719882B2 (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2023-08-08 | Ideal Industries Lighting Llc | Waveguide-based light sources with dynamic beam shaping |
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