DE10202611C1 - Fuel cell system operating method has fuel medium to air ratio regulated in proportion to fuel cell loading - Google Patents
Fuel cell system operating method has fuel medium to air ratio regulated in proportion to fuel cell loadingInfo
- Publication number
- DE10202611C1 DE10202611C1 DE10202611A DE10202611A DE10202611C1 DE 10202611 C1 DE10202611 C1 DE 10202611C1 DE 10202611 A DE10202611 A DE 10202611A DE 10202611 A DE10202611 A DE 10202611A DE 10202611 C1 DE10202611 C1 DE 10202611C1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- fuel
- air ratio
- load
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04843—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell exhausts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenn stoffzellensystems mit mindestens einer Brennstoffzelle, bei dem der Brennstoffzelle ein Brennmittel und ein Sauerstoff ent haltendes Gas zur Oxidation des Brennmittels in einem vorgege benen Mengenverhältnis zugeführt werden.The invention relates to a method for operating a Brenn fuel cell system with at least one fuel cell, at the fuel cell a fuel and an oxygen ent holding gas for the oxidation of the fuel in a preg be supplied quantity ratio.
Ein derartiges Verfahren wird in der deutschen Patentschrift 197 01 390 für ein Polymer Elektrolyt Membran (PEM)-Brennstoff zellensystem beschrieben, das mit Luft betrieben wird.Such a method is described in the German patent specification 197 01 390 for a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel described cell system, which is operated with air.
Eine wichtige Kenngröße, die den Betrieb eines Brennstoffzel lensystems charakterisiert, ist das Mengenverhältnis zwischen dem zugeführten Brennmittel und dem zugeführten Sauerstoff ent haltenden Gas. Das für die vollständige Oxidation des Brennmit tels erforderliche Mengenverhältnis von Brennmittel und Sauer stoff enthaltendem Gas ergibt sich aus der stöchiometrischen Gleichung der Oxidation. Demnach sind für die Oxidation von Wasserstoff zu Wasser zwei Teile Wasserstoff und ein Teil Sau erstoff erforderlich. In der Regel werden Brennstoffzellen systeme aber mit einem Sauerstoffüberschuss betrieben, d. h. der Brennstoffzelle wird mehr Sauerstoff bzw. Sauerstoff enthalten des Gas zugeführt, als aufgrund der stöchiometrischen Gleichung erforderlich.An important parameter that determines the operation of a fuel cell lensystems is characterized, the quantity ratio between the supplied fuel and the supplied oxygen ent holding gas. That for the complete oxidation of the Brennmit Tels required ratio of fuel and acid containing gas results from the stoichiometric Equation of oxidation. Accordingly, for the oxidation of Hydrogen to water two parts hydrogen and one part sow required. In general, fuel cells but operated with an excess of oxygen, d. H. of the Fuel cell will contain more oxygen or oxygen fed to the gas, as due to the stoichiometric equation required.
Bei Brennstoffzellensystemen, die mit Luft betrieben werden, wird das Mengenverhältnis zwischen dem als Brennmittel dienen den Wasserstoff und der zugeführten Luft durch das Luftverhält nis λ beschrieben. Ein Luftverhältnis von λ = 1 entspricht dem Mengenverhältnis, das sich aufgrund der stöchiometrischen Glei chung für die vollständige Oxidation des Wasserstoffs ergibt. Ein Luftverhältnis von λ < 1 beschreibt einen Luftüberschuss. Bei dem in der DE 197 01 390 C1 beschriebenen Verfahren wird der dem Brennstoffzellensystem zugeführte Luftvolumenstrom entspre chend dem elektrischen Strom geregelt, den das Brennstoffzel lensystem liefern soll. Dabei wird, unabhängig von der Be lastung des Brennstoffzellensystems immer ein vorgegebenes Luftverhältnis von vorzugsweise λ = 2 eingehalten.In fuel cell systems operated with air, will be the ratio between the serve as a fuel the hydrogen and the supplied air through the air behaves nis λ described. An air ratio of λ = 1 corresponds to that Amount ratio, which is due to the stoichiometric Glei for complete oxidation of the hydrogen. An air ratio of λ <1 describes an excess of air. at the method described in DE 197 01 390 C1 is the supplied to the fuel cell system air volume flow corre Regarding the electric current regulated by the fuel cell lens system should deliver. It is, regardless of the Be load of the fuel cell system always a predetermined Air ratio of preferably λ = 2 complied with.
Durch die DE 195 40 824 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur dynamischen Einstellung der Leistung für ein Fahrzeug mit Brennstoffzelle beschrieben. Wie auch in dem Patent Abstracts of Japan No. 60-230364 (A) und in der DE 196 40 808 C1 beschrieben, wird hierbei zur Regelung der durch die Brennstoffzelle bereitzu stellenden Leistung ein Verfahren beschrieben, bei dem letzt endlich, im groben, unabhängig von der jeweils verfügbaren Was serstoffmenge, da hier implizit davon ausgegangen wird, dass jeweils ausreichend Wasserstoff zur Verfügung steht, die Menge an zugeführter Luft und damit die Anzahl an zur Reaktion be reitstehenden Sauerstoffmolekülen variiert wird.DE 195 40 824 A1 discloses a method for dynamic Adjustment of power for a fuel cell vehicle described. As in the patent abstracts of Japan no. 60-230364 (A) and described in DE 196 40 808 C1, is in this case for the regulation of the fuel cell bereitu performance is described as a last resort at last, roughly, regardless of what's available amount of hydrogen, since it implicitly assumes that enough hydrogen is available, the amount to supplied air and thus the number of reaction to be equidistant oxygen molecules is varied.
Insbesondere bei mobilen Anwendungen eines Brennstoffzellen systems, wie z. B. in einem Kraftfahrzeug als Bordstromversor gungssystem oder zum Fahrzeugantrieb, sollte das Brennstoffzel lensystem mit einer positiven Wasserbilanz betrieben werden, so dass der Wartungs- und Pflegeaufwand des Systems möglichst ge ring gehalten wird.Especially in mobile applications of a fuel cell systems, such. B. in a motor vehicle as Bordstromversor system or to the vehicle drive, the fuel cell should lens system with a positive water balance, so that the maintenance and care of the system ge as possible ring is held.
Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird nun ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brennstoffzellensystems vorgeschlagen, mit dem auch im Teillastbereich des Brennstoffzellensystems eine posi tive Wasserbilanz erzielt werden kann.With the present invention, a method for the Operating a fuel cell system proposed with the also in the partial load range of the fuel cell system posi tive water balance can be achieved.
Dies wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, dass das Luftver hältnis λ in Abhängigkeit von der Belastung der Brennstoffzelle geregelt wird. This is inventively achieved in that the Luftver λ depending on the load of the fuel cell is regulated.
Die Wasserbilanz des Brennstoffzellensystems lässt sich im Rah men des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens einfach dadurch verbes sern, dass das Luftverhältnis λ bei einer verringerten Bela stung der Brennstoffzelle gegenüber dem Luftverhältnis λ bei Volllast der Brennstoffzelle verringert. Dadurch erhöht sich die Wasserkonzentration in der Luft, so dass eine größere Menge an Wasser auskondensiert.The water balance of the fuel cell system can be in the Rah men of the inventive method simply verbes that the air ratio λ at a reduced Bela Fuel cell compared to the air ratio λ at Full load of the fuel cell reduced. This increases the water concentration in the air, leaving a larger amount condensed out in water.
In einer vorteilhaften Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfah rens wird das Luftverhältnis λ stetig an die Belastung der Brennstoffzelle angepasst. Diese Anpassung kann in vorteilhaf ter Weise proportional zur Belastung der Brennstoffzelle er folgen.In an advantageous variant of the method according to the invention rens, the air ratio λ is steadily adjusted to the load of the Fuel cell adapted. This adaptation can in vorteilhaf ter way proportional to the load of the fuel cell he consequences.
Mit Luft betriebene Brennstoffzellensysteme werden bei Volllast vorteilhafter Weise mit einem Luftverhältnis λ im Bereich von 1,7 bis 2,5 betrieben. In diesem Fall erweist es sich für die Wasserbilanz als vorteilhaft, wenn das Brennstoffzellensystem im Teillastbereich mit einem Luftverhältnis λ im Bereich von 1,3 bis 2,3 betrieben wird.Air-fueled fuel cell systems run at full load Advantageously, with an air ratio λ in the range of 1.7 to 2.5 operated. In this case, it turns out for the Water balance as beneficial if the fuel cell system in the partial load range with an air ratio λ in the range of 1.3 to 2.3 is operated.
Die einzige Figur zeigt schematisch ein Diagramm, das den Zusammenhang zwischen der Belastung einer mit Luft betriebenen Brennstoffzelle und dem Luftverhältnis λ wiedergibt, wobei das Luftverhältnis λ entsprechend dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren geregelt wird.The single figure shows schematically a diagram that the Relationship between the load of an air-driven Fuel cell and the air ratio λ reproduces, wherein the Air ratio λ according to the inventive method is regulated.
Im hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel wird die Brennstoff zelle bei Volllast, d. h. bei einer 100%-Belastung, mit einem Luftverhältnis λ von ca. 2 betrieben. Je mehr sich die Be lastung der Brennstoffzelle verringert, um so mehr wird auch das Luftverhältnis λ verringert. Der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Luftverhältnis λ und der Belastung der Brennstoffzelle ist hier linear, so dass die Brennstoffzelle bei einer Belastung von 10% mit einem Luftverhältnis λ von ca. 1,3 betrieben wird.In the embodiment shown here, the fuel cell at full load, d. H. at a 100% load, with one Air ratio λ of about 2 operated. The more the Be reduces the load of the fuel cell, the more it will reduces the air ratio λ. The connection between the Air ratio λ and the load of the fuel cell is here linear, allowing the fuel cell at a load of 10% is operated with an air ratio λ of about 1.3.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10202611A DE10202611C1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Fuel cell system operating method has fuel medium to air ratio regulated in proportion to fuel cell loading |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10202611A DE10202611C1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Fuel cell system operating method has fuel medium to air ratio regulated in proportion to fuel cell loading |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE10202611C1 true DE10202611C1 (en) | 2003-04-30 |
Family
ID=7712931
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE10202611A Expired - Fee Related DE10202611C1 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Fuel cell system operating method has fuel medium to air ratio regulated in proportion to fuel cell loading |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE10202611C1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004021279A1 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2005-11-24 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Fuel cell operation for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell controls a regulated quantity of fuel during power take-up |
WO2011134580A1 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-03 | Daimler Ag | Method for controlling energy management in a fuel cell system |
DE112008002649B4 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2014-09-11 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | The fuel cell system |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19540824A1 (en) * | 1995-11-02 | 1997-05-07 | Daimler Benz Ag | Method for dynamically adjusting the power for a vehicle with a fuel cell |
DE19640808C1 (en) * | 1996-10-02 | 1997-11-27 | Siemens Ag | Operating Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell system with fuel-cell block and compressor e.g. for vehicle electric drive |
DE19701390C1 (en) * | 1997-01-16 | 1998-04-09 | Siemens Ag | Compressor control in fuel cell e.g. for motor vehicle drive |
-
2002
- 2002-01-24 DE DE10202611A patent/DE10202611C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19540824A1 (en) * | 1995-11-02 | 1997-05-07 | Daimler Benz Ag | Method for dynamically adjusting the power for a vehicle with a fuel cell |
US5780981A (en) * | 1995-11-02 | 1998-07-14 | Daimler-Benz Ag | Process for dynamically adjusting the power for a vehicle having a fuel cell |
DE19640808C1 (en) * | 1996-10-02 | 1997-11-27 | Siemens Ag | Operating Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell system with fuel-cell block and compressor e.g. for vehicle electric drive |
DE19701390C1 (en) * | 1997-01-16 | 1998-04-09 | Siemens Ag | Compressor control in fuel cell e.g. for motor vehicle drive |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
JP 60-2 30 364 (abstr.) * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004021279A1 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2005-11-24 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Fuel cell operation for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell controls a regulated quantity of fuel during power take-up |
DE112008002649B4 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2014-09-11 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | The fuel cell system |
WO2011134580A1 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-03 | Daimler Ag | Method for controlling energy management in a fuel cell system |
DE102010018907A1 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-03 | Daimler Ag | Method for regulating the energy management of a fuel cell system |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8100 | Publication of the examined application without publication of unexamined application | ||
8304 | Grant after examination procedure | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: DAIMLERCHRYSLER AG, 70327 STUTTGART, DE |
|
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: DAIMLER AG, 70327 STUTTGART, DE |
|
8320 | Willingness to grant licences declared (paragraph 23) | ||
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |