DE102022124841A1 - Component for an electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a component for an electric machine, which has a metal support body (4) with a plurality of grooves (6), a receiving body (8a) with at least one main channel (10a) being arranged in each groove (6), the at least one The main channel (10a) has a conductor channel (14) and at least one cooling channel (16a), the conductor channel (14) being designed to accommodate an electrical conductor (12), the at least one cooling channel (16a) being designed to transport a cooling medium.

Description

The invention relates to a component for an electric machine and an electric machine.

An electric machine usually has a component with grooves through which electrical conductors are guided.

The publication DE 10 2019 008 668 A1 describes a stator device for an electrical machine with a separate cooling device.

A component of an electrical machine is from the publication DE 10 2019 217 464 A1 known.

The publication DE 25 03 428 A1 describes a superconducting field winding for the rotor of a turbo generator.

Against this background, it was a task to equip an electric machine with electrical conductors.

This task is solved by a component and an electric machine with the features of the independent patent claims. Embodiments of the component and the electric machine emerge from the dependent claims and the description.

The component according to the invention is designed or intended for an electric machine. The component has a metallic support body with several grooves. In each groove, a receiving body or an insulating material or a support body formed with electrically insulating material with at least one main channel, usually with several main channels or main chambers, is to be arranged, can be arranged and / or arranged, the at least one or each Main channel has or comprises a single conductor channel or a single conductor chamber and at least one cooling channel or at least one cooling chamber. The main channel and thus the conductor channel and the at least one cooling channel are enclosed or encased by a wall, usually an inner wall, of the receiving body, with the conductor channel and the at least one cooling channel being arranged directly next to one another within the main channel or the wall. The only one conductor channel of the at least one or respective main channel is designed to accommodate a single or only one electrical conductor, usually a metallic wire, with the at least one cooling channel being designed to transport a cooling medium.

In one embodiment, the conductor channel is completely interspersed with the electrically conductive metallic conductor made, for example, from copper. In addition, the at least one main channel has a main cross-section in profile with a main cross-sectional area, the conductor channel having a conductor cross-section with a conductor cross-sectional area and the at least one cooling channel having a cooling cross-section with a cooling cross-sectional area. The conductor channel and the only electrical conductor accommodated therein have the same conductor cross-section in profile with the same conductor cross-sectional area, the conductor cross-sections of the conductor channel and the conductor being congruent. The conductor cross-section or the conductor cross-sectional area and the at least one cooling cross-section or the at least one cooling cross-sectional area form the coherent main cross-section or the coherent main cross-sectional area and are enclosed by the wall.

The conductor cross section of the respective main channel and the conductor cross section of the conductor each have a congruent profile, with a circumferential edge of the profile of the conductor channel or of the conductor having at least one corner, a shape of the edge corresponding to a shape of the wall of the receiving body which forms the main channel encloses or envelops. It is possible for the at least one corner of the respective conductor cross section to be formed from two straight sides or outer sides that converge at an angle, with the at least one corner having a sharp and/or pointed contour or being rounded or curved. In addition, it is possible for the edge of the profile of the conductor cross section of the conductor channel and the conductor to have several, for example three, four or n, corners, whereby an, for example, square conductor channel or conductor can be rectangular, for example square.

The at least one cooling channel has a cooling cross-section with a cooling cross-sectional area, the at least one cooling channel being arranged on the edge of the conductor channel directly next to the one conductor channel, an edge of a profile of the at least one cooling channel being at least partially or partially curved or rounded and/or or is straight and possibly has at least one corner that has a sharp and/or pointed contour or is rounded or curved.

In one embodiment, the metallic support body is designed as a laminated core with several grooves that run through it. Furthermore, the receiving body is made of extruded plastic. In a further embodiment, the component is designed for an externally excited electric machine. Furthermore, the component is designed to be rotationally symmetrical and/or encloses a usually central axis, wherein the component is designed as a rotor or stator of the electric machine. Each main channel, each conductor channel and each cooling channel is usually arranged or oriented parallel to the axis.

The receiving body made of plastic can be referred to as a plastic part, wherein the receiving body can be manufactured and/or manufactured as an extruded and/or joined plastic part. The receiving body can also be designed as an injection-molded part, with molding or extension bevels being used to produce the same, with which the receiving body or the injection-molded part can be shaped accordingly at an angle that deviates from a right angle. It is possible for the receiving body or the injection molded part to be provided with outer sides that are oriented to one another at an angle greater than or less than 90°, whereby it is adapted to a shape of a groove in which it is to be arranged becomes. Straight main channels that run parallel to the axis are usually inserted into an extruded plastic part as a receiving body. Oblique and/or interwoven main channels can also be inserted into an injection molded part as a receiving body, which can be oriented obliquely or obliquely to the axis at an acute angle.

The electric machine according to the invention has at least one component as described above. This at least one component is designed or referred to as a rotor and/or a stator.

Furthermore, the electric machine is intended for a vehicle, for example a motor vehicle, and can be installed in this, and is further designed to drive and/or move this vehicle.

In one embodiment, the receiving body is designed or can be referred to as extruded groove base insulation for fixing and directly cooling the conductors in the externally excited synchronous machine. Each conductor to be cooled directly is usually designed as a profile conductor with at least one corner on its edge and therefore differs from a round wire. This conductor, which is designed as a square profile conductor, can be clearly placed within the main channel because of the at least one corner in the conductor channel provided for this purpose, which results in more design options. The square conductor or a corresponding square wire is and/or is inserted into and/or through the conductor channel provided for this purpose and thus into and/or through the main channel when producing the component, because in contrast to a round conductor cannot be wound in large-scale production.

The receiving body, which is designed, for example, as an extruded plastic part, is designed to mechanically hold and/or fix the conductors or wires in place, i.e. in the groove. This is possible during production or assembly of the component and also during operation of the electric machine when the component rotates at high speeds, with high centripetal forces acting on the component and the conductors. The receiving body made of plastic is designed to electrically insulate the conductors arranged therein from the laminated core.

When operating the, for example, externally excited synchronous machine, the cooling medium, for example a cooling liquid, is or is to be conducted through the cooling channels, with a respective conductor being or is to be cooled thermally directly, since the cooling medium flows through the at least one cooling channel, is in direct contact with the immediately adjacent conductor. This means that the electric machine is able to implement a significantly increased continuous output.

In the case of the electric machine designed, for example, as a separately excited synchronous machine (FSM), permanent magnets with rare earths can be dispensed with. Due to the direct cooling, it can also be operated under a constant load, whereby a high continuous output can be achieved, even in comparison to a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PSM). During operation, heat from the electric machine is generated in its windings and thus in the conductors, which can now be dissipated directly by the cooling medium.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

• 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e zeigen in schematischer Darstellung eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils und Details dieses Bauteils für eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Elektromaschine.
• 2a, 2b, 2c zeigen in schematischer Darstellung Details von weiteren Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils.

The invention is shown schematically using embodiments in the drawing and is described schematically and in detail with reference to the drawing.

• 1a , 1b , 1c , 1d , 1e show a schematic representation of an embodiment of the component according to the invention and details of this component for an embodiment of the electric machine according to the invention.
• 2a , 2 B , 2c show a schematic representation of details of further embodiments of the component according to the invention.

The characters are described coherently and comprehensively. The same components are assigned to the same reference numbers.

In the 1c Schematically illustrated embodiment of the component 2 according to the invention has a rotationally symmetrical support body 4, which is designed here as a laminated core. In this case, several, here six, grooves 6 are arranged in a regularly distributed manner in the support body 4 around a central axis of the support body 4. A first variant of a receiving body 8a is arranged here in each groove 6, each receiving body 8a being designed as a joined, here for example extruded, plastic part.

Details about this receiving body 8a are from the 1d and 1e shown schematically. Each receiving body 8a has a plurality of main channels 10a integrated therein, which are oriented parallel to the central axis of the supporting body 4. Each main channel 10a has a conductor channel 14 and a cooling channel 16a, with the main channel 10a being divided and/or subdivided into the conductor channel 14 and the cooling channel 16a. The conductor channel 14 here has a rectangular profile and/or a rectangular edge with rounded corners, with two sides of the edge that are oriented at right angles to one another at each corner abutting one another. The only cooling channel 16a here is arranged on or along a single side of the edge of the conductor channel 14, with the conductor and cooling channels 14, 16a directly adjoining one another and/or being connected to one another. The cooling channel 16a has a curved, here semi-elliptical, edge which directly adjoins and/or merges into two sections of the side of the edge of the conductor channel 14.

Furthermore, only within the conductor channel 14 or in the conductor channel 14 of a respective main channel 10a is a single conductor 12 arranged, which has the same profile with the same edge as the conductor channel 14 in which it is located and which it completely fills, wherein the conductor 12 profiled here only fills the main channel 10a up to the cooling channel 16a, wherein the cooling channel 16a in the main channel 10a remains correspondingly free and permeable to a usually liquid cooling medium.

The first variant of the receiving body 8a is in 1a only shown schematically. In 1b the receiving body 8a is schematically shown with a part of a winding 9 made of conductors 12, which are guided through main channels 10a of the receiving body 8a.

In 2a a second variant of a main channel 10b for a second and/or in a second variant of a receiving body 8b for a second embodiment of the component according to the invention is shown schematically. In 2 B a third variant of a main channel 10c for a third and/or in a third variant of a receiving body 8c for a third embodiment of the component according to the invention is shown schematically. In 2c a fourth variant of a main channel 10d for a fourth and/or in a fourth variant of a receiving body 8d for a fourth embodiment of the component according to the invention is shown schematically.

All variants of the main channel 10b, 10c, 10d here each include a conductor channel 14 with a rectangular profile and four cooling channels 16b, 16c, 16d, which are arranged differently distributed on a rectangular edge of the respective conductor channel 14 and/or around its edge. Here too, a single conductor 12 with a rectangular profile and/or edge is arranged only within the conductor channel 14 or in the conductor channel 14 of a respective main channel 10b, 10c, 10d, which has the same profile with the same edge as the conductor channel 14 in which it is located and which it completely fills, with the four cooling channels 16b, 16c, 16d in the respective main channel 10b, 10c, 10d remaining permeable or free for a usually liquid cooling medium.

In the second variant of the main channel 10b in the second variant of the receiving body 8b, a cooling channel 16b is arranged at each of the four corners of the conductor channel 14 or its edge, which here has a three-quarter circle-shaped edge which is directly adjacent to two sections of sides of the conductor channel 14 arranged at right angles to one another Edge of the conductor channel 14 connects and / or merges into it.

In the third variant of the main channel 10c in the third variant of the receiving body 8c, a cooling channel 16c is arranged on each of the four sides of the conductor channel 14 or its edge, which here has a semicircular edge which is directly on two sections of one side of the edge of the conductor channel 14 connects and/or merges into it.

In the fourth variant of the main channel 10d in the fourth variant of the receiving body 8d, a cooling channel 16d is arranged at each of the four corners of the conductor channel 14 or its edge, which directly adjoins two sections of mutually perpendicular sides of the edge of the conductor channel 14 and / or merges into it. The cooling channel 16d encloses a first section of a first of the two sides, a second section of a second of the two sides and the corner between the two sides, the two sections being of different lengths, with one longer of the two sections extends along a longer of the two sides and a shorter of the two sections extends along a shorter of the two sides.

It is envisaged that each embodiment of the component 2 is designed with several respective variants of the receiving body 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, which are arranged in grooves 6 of a support body 4 of a respective component, for an embodiment of the electric machine according to the invention. The component 2 is designed, for example, as a rotor of the electric machine, which rotates during operation of the electric machine about the described central axis of the support body 4 relative to a stator as a further component of the electric machine, such a rotor within a cylindrical opening of such Stator can be arranged.

In addition, during operation of the electric machine, electrical current flows through the conductors 12 and/or is conducted through them. It is intended for or during operation of the electric machine that the cooling medium flows and/or is guided through a respective cooling channel 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d within a respective main channel 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d. Since the respective cooling channel 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d within the respective main channel 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d directly adjoins and/or borders on the conductor channel 14 of the main channel 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, in the conductor channel 14 the Conductor 12 is arranged, the conductor 12 is cooled directly or immediately by and/or with the cooling medium flowing past it. It is possible for the electrically conductive metallic conductor 12, possibly a protective cover that encloses the conductor 12, and the cooling medium to be in direct contact, it being possible for these to be formed and/or made of a plastic, for example Protective cover is electrically insulating and / or chemically resistant to the cooling medium and can therefore protect the conductor 12 or a corresponding wire covered by it from corrosion. This is also discussed 1d referenced, which shows that some cooling channels 16a of some main channels 10a or cooling cross sections of these cooling channels 16a are filled with the cooling medium, with a respective amount of cooling medium within a respective cooling channel 16a depending on a respective operating state, for example a speed, of the rotating component 2 varies, with respective cooling channels 16a, depending on the operating state, not being filled at all, partially or completely with the cooling medium.

REFERENCE SYMBOLS:

2

Component

4

carrying body

6

Nut

8a, 8b, 8c, 8d

receiving body

9

Winding

10a, 10b, 10c, 10d

Main channel

12

Director

14

Ladder channel

16a, 16b, 16c, 16d

Cooling channel

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102019008668 A1 [0003]
• DE 102019217464 A1 [0004]
• DE 2503428 A1 [0005]

Claims (9)

Component for an electric machine, which has a metallic support body (4) with a plurality of grooves (6), with a receiving body (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d) with at least one main channel (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d) in each groove (6). ) is arranged, wherein the at least one main channel (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d) has a conductor channel (14) and at least one cooling channel (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d), the conductor channel (14) being used to accommodate an electrical conductor ( 12), wherein the at least one cooling channel (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d) is designed to transport a cooling medium. Component according to Claim 1 , in which a conductor cross-section of the conductor channel (14) of the at least one main channel (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d) and a conductor cross-section of the conductor (12) each have a profile, wherein an edge of the respective profile has at least one corner. Component according to Claim 2 , in which the at least one corner is formed from two straight lines converging at an angle, the at least one corner having a sharp contour or being curved. Component according to Claim 2 or 3 , in which the edge of the profile of the conductor cross section of the conductor channel (14) and the conductor (12) has several, for example four, corners. Component according to one of the Claims 2 until 4 , in which the at least one cooling channel (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d) is arranged on the edge of the conductor channel (14), an edge of the at least one cooling channel (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d) being bent at least in sections. Component according to one of the preceding claims, in which the metallic support body (4) is designed as a laminated core with several grooves (6). Component according to one of the preceding claims, in which the receiving body (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d) is made of extruded plastic. Component according to one of the preceding claims for an externally excited electric machine. Electric machine which has at least one component (2) according to one of the preceding claims.

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