DE102022123915A1 - Photovoltaic thermal module - Google Patents

Abstract

A photovoltaic thermal module (100) is specified
- a variety of solar cells (2), and
- a surface heat sink (10), whereby
- the surface heat sink (10) is based on at least one inorganic material and contains a plurality of cooling channels (10c), the surface heat sink having two plates (10a, 10b) between which the cooling channels (10c) are formed, a first of the plates ( 10a), which faces the solar cells (2), is planar, wherein the cooling channels (10c) are defined by a second of the plates (10b), which faces away from the solar cells (2), and wherein the second plate (10b) is arranged on a main surface (11) of the first plate (10a), so that a first area (12) of the first plate (10a) is covered by the second plate (10b) and a second area (13) of the first plate (10a) is free from the second plate (10b).

Description

A photovoltaic thermal module is specified.

The publication WO 2015/184402 concerns a photovoltaic module with integrated liquid cooling.

It is desirable to provide a photovoltaic thermal module that can be manufactured efficiently and operated economically.

Embodiments of the disclosure relate to a photovoltaic thermal module.

According to at least one embodiment, the photovoltaic thermal module, PVT module for short, comprises a plurality of solar cells. The solar cells are based, for example, on silicon and/or on germanium and/or on a compound semiconductor material such as CdTe or such as CuInGaS, CIGS for short, or CuInS, CIS for short. The solar cells can also be based on perovskite or at least an organic, photoactive material. In the case of thin-film modules, in particular based on CdTe, CIGS, CIS, amorphous Si or perovskite, the photoactive layers are preferably in strips, for example with a width of at least 3 mm and/or at most 3 cm.

It is possible that several different types of solar cells or semiconductor materials are combined in the PVT module to achieve higher efficiency. For example, the individual, for example crystalline, solar cells have an average diameter of at least 5 cm or at least 10 cm and/or at most 50 cm. The average diameter D results from an area A of the solar cell, for example, as follows: D = (4A/π) ^0.5 .

It is also possible that the cells are halved or thirds and so on, or cut into strips. This means that the crystalline solar cells do not represent squares or pseudo-squares, but rather rectangles.

According to at least one embodiment, the PVT module comprises one or more surface heat sinks. The preferably exactly one surface heat sink can also be referred to as a cooling plate or as a back cooler. The surface heat sink is based on at least one inorganic material, such as a glass or a metal, for example aluminum. The term "based on at least one inorganic material" means, for example, that at least 80% by weight or at least 90% by weight or at least 98% by weight of the surface heat sink is formed by the at least one inorganic material. This does not rule out the possibility that small components of the surface heat sink, in particular non-mechanically load-bearing components such as seals or labels, can be made from organic materials.

According to at least one embodiment, the surface heat sink comprises a plurality of cooling channels. The cooling channels are designed to allow a coolant to flow through them.

The surface heat sink extends, for example, coherently over the relevant solar cells or parts of solar cells. For example, all solar cells in the PVT module are coupled to a single common surface heat sink, which is free of gaps or holes, for example.

The surface heat sink has at least two plates between which the cooling channels are formed. This makes it possible for the surface heat sink to be a closed, sealed system through which the coolant can flow without any additional components. In particular, the cooling channels are completely defined by the plates, optionally together with a connecting means between the plates and/or for holding the plates together.

The heat sink plates are each formed, for example, by metal plates, for example aluminum plates. Alternatively, the heat sink plates are formed by glass plates, so that the surface heat sink can be translucent. It is also possible to make the panels from plastic and/or foil.

The first of the plates, which faces the solar cells, is flat. The cooling channels are defined by a second of the plates, which faces away from the solar cells. The cooling channels can therefore be formed in the second plate.

The second plate is arranged on a main surface of the first plate. A first area of the first plate is thus covered by the second plate. A second area of the first plate is free of the second plate. In particular, an edge region of the first plate is free of the second plate. For example, the first plate extends completely over the solar cells. The second plate only partially extends over the solar cells. For example, the first plate is attached to at least 80% or at least 90% or at least 95% of the area of all solar cells combined. The second plate is attached to a correspondingly smaller area of all solar cells combined, so that an edge area of the first plate remains free and is not covered by the second plate. For example, the first plate extends over a larger area than the second plate. For example, the second region has a width of several millimeters, for example more than 5 mm, for example a width between 5 mm and 15 mm, in particular, for example, approximately 10 mm.

It is therefore possible to design the second area to be free of cooling channels. Thus, for example, mechanical points of attack can be formed on the second region of the surface heat sink, in particular for connecting individual elements of the PVT module or for attaching further elements such as fastening elements or clamping elements. Damage to the cooling channels in the edge area can thus be avoided. Nevertheless, it is possible to design a reliable connection between the two plates and the cooling channels can extend almost over the entire surface of the second plate. In particular, it is possible to form the cooling channels up to the edge of the second plate, so that, for example, only a maximum of 3 to 4 mm on the edge of the second plate are designed without cooling channels. This enables comparatively simple production of the surface heat sink when connecting the two plates. Alternatively or additionally, this enables a reliable connection of the two plates. The two plates are connected to one another, for example, by means of a solder connection, so that the second plate is reliably held on the first plate.

According to at least one embodiment, the second region surrounds the first plate all the way around the second plate. The surface heat sink therefore has the second area in a frame-like manner. The second region, which is free of the second plate, is thus formed on all four long sides of the rectangular surface heat sink. It is also possible for the second region to be formed only on part of the four long sides, for example on only two opposite long sides.

According to at least one embodiment, the PVT module has a support frame. The support frame is designed to mechanically support the PVT module. The support frame is in contact with the second area of the first plate. In particular, the support frame also serves to additionally support the connection between the solar cells and the surface heat sink. In the second area, in which no cooling channels are formed, it is possible to press the first plate and the solar cells together using the support frame. The PVT module is clamped into the support frame. The smaller second plate is in particular not in direct contact with the support frame. Damage or influence of the cooling channels by the mechanical forces of the support frame is thus avoided.

The support frame is designed in particular to clamp the solar cells and the first plate together. This additionally supports the connection between the solar cells and the surface heat sink. For example, the solar cells and the first plate are connected to one another using a lamination film. This connection is additionally supported mechanically by means of the support frame.

According to further embodiments, the surface heat sink has two plates between which the cooling channels are formed. A first of the plates faces the solar cells and a second of the plates faces away from the solar cells. The cooling channels are defined by the second of the plates. The first plate has a foil or a varnish.

For example, the first plate is formed using a film or a varnish. For example, the first plate is formed by an inorganic film, for example made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or another plastic. Alternatively or additionally, the first plate is formed from a varnish, for example a clear varnish. For example, the paint is sprayed onto the solar cells.

The first plate made of the film or the lacquer also serves for electrical insulation from the solar cells, for example for electrical insulation of the second plate from the solar cells.

The surface heat sink is comparatively easy to produce and has a lower weight than a surface heat sink made of two metal plates. A reliable connection of the two plates can also be achieved without a soldering process. In particular, it is also possible to make the two plates the same size or almost the same size, so that both plates essentially cover the same area of the solar cells.

According to at least one embodiment, the film and the second plate are connected to one another by means of an adhesive connection. The surface heat sink therefore has, for example, a PET-aluminum adhesive composite. It is also possible to provide the second plate made of glass, so that the surface heat sink has, for example, a PET-glass adhesive composite. Alternatively or additionally, the surface heat sink has the paint, which is additionally provided in the composite, for example. It is also possible that the paint is provided instead of the film, so that the surface heat sink has the paint-aluminum composite or paint-glass composite.

According to at least one embodiment, the film is arranged directly on the solar cells. The film is therefore used to close and seal the cooling channels as well as to attach the surface heat sink to the solar cells. The film is therefore in direct contact with the solar cells and also with the second plate.

Alternatively or additionally, the varnish serves to embed the solar cells so that they are held by the varnish. In this case, the paint serves, for example, as a stabilizer and support for the solar cells and at the same time as a cover and connection for the second plate. Additional lamination films can be dispensed with in this embodiment. There is no longer any lamination step required during production.

According to at least one embodiment, the PVT module has a front coating which is arranged on a side of the solar cells facing away from the surface heat sink and which covers the solar cells. The front coating is formed using a film or using a varnish. The front coating replaces a front glass, for example. During operation, the front coating faces the sun and is transparent to radiation. The front coating is significantly lighter compared to the front glass. For example, the front coating is formed from the paint in which the solar cells are embedded. It is also possible to use different varnishes, for example a first varnish for embedding the solar cells and for bonding to the second plate and another varnish as a front coating.

According to at least one embodiment, the PVT module has a layer stack. The layer stack has in one stacking direction: the second plate, which defines the cooling channels, the paint, which is formed as a layer and in which the solar cells are embedded, the front coating, which covers the paint. In particular, the layer stack does not have any significant additional elements, in particular no front glass on the side of the solar cells facing away from the second plate and no lamination film.

According to further embodiments, the PVT module has the surface heat sink, which has two plates between which the cooling channels are formed. The first of the plates faces the solar cells and the second of the plates faces away from the solar cells. The cooling channels are defined by the second of the plates. The first plate, which faces the solar cells, is flat. The first plate and the second plate are each based on at least one inorganic material, such as a glass or a metal, for example aluminum. The PVT module has a layer of lacquer in which the solar cells are embedded. The surface heat sink is attached to the lacquer layer. Optionally, a plastic film is arranged between the surface heat sink and the lacquer layer for electrical insulation. In particular, the PVT module has the front coating, which is arranged on a side of the solar cells facing away from the surface heat sink and which covers the solar cells, the front coating being formed by means of a film or a varnish.

For example, the first plate is based on an inorganic material, in particular aluminum or glass. A film and/or a lacquer, which is provided in addition to the inorganic material, serves in particular as an intermediate layer between the lacquer in which the solar cells are embedded and the inorganic plate of the surface heat sink. The first plate has the film on a side facing away from the second plate. The film, which is for example a PET film, is attached to the paint. The film serves for electrical insulation between the surface heat sink and the solar cells.

Further advantages, features and further developments are explained below with reference to the drawings. The same reference numbers indicate the same elements in the individual figures. No references to scale are shown; rather, individual elements may be shown exaggeratedly large for better understanding.

• 1 eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines PVT-Moduls gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 2 eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines PVT-Moduls gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 3 eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines PVT-Moduls gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel, und
• 4 eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines PVT-Moduls gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel.

Show it:

• 1 a schematic sectional view of a PVT module according to an exemplary embodiment,
• 2 a schematic sectional view of a PVT module according to an exemplary embodiment,
• 3 a schematic sectional view of a PVT module according to an exemplary embodiment, and
• 4 a schematic sectional view of a PVT module according to an exemplary embodiment.

A photovoltaic-thermal module 100, called a PVT module for short, combines photovoltaic modules to generate electricity with the use of the modules' waste heat. PVT modules convert solar energy into electrical power and the resulting waste heat is made usable. In addition to electrical energy, such PVT modules also produce heat, for example in the form of hot water or other cooling liquids. An example of such PVT module is in the 1 to 3 each shown as an example. Examples of the basic functionality and areas of application of the PVT modules 100 described here can be found in the German patent application 10 2021 123 000.4 described.

1 shows a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the photovoltaic thermal module 100, also referred to as a PVT module for short. The PVT module 100 has a front glass 1. On a side opposite the front glass 1 there is a surface heat sink 10. Several, for example crystalline, solar cells 2 are connected to one another via electrical cell connectors 3 and arranged between the front glass 1 and the surface heat sink 10. In particular, the solar cells 2 with the electrical cell connectors 3 are embedded in a lamination film 4, for example in an EVA film. The lamination film 4 is located on the front glass 1.

On a side of the lamination film 4 opposite the front glass 1 there is a back wall 6, in particular a back wall film, for example a polyvinyl fluoride film, PVF film for short, such as a Tedlar film, or alternatively a back glass. The surface heat sink is in particular glued or laminated onto the rear wall 6, for example by means of an adhesive layer 7. The adhesive layer 7 is formed, for example, from an adhesive or by another EVA film. By means of the adhesive layer 7, the surface heat sink 10 is connected to the so-called PV module or PV laminate.

The PVT module 100 has a frame 5. The frame 5, for example made of aluminum, mechanically supports the PVT module 100, in particular the PV laminate and the surface heat sink 10.

The frame 5 has an upper bracket 5a and a lower bracket 5b, each of which projects horizontally, for example. A clamping connection 5c is formed by the upper holder 5a and the lower holder 5b. By means of the clamping connection 5c, a layer stack 25 is compressed and clamped along a stacking direction 26. The layer stack 25 includes in particular the front glass 1 and the surface heat sink 10 as well as the layers arranged between them, which are arranged one on top of the other along the stacking direction 26.

The surface heat sink 10 in particular has two thin aluminum sheets 10a, 10b, which are connected to one another. For example, a channel structure with a plurality of cooling channels 10c is impressed into one of the two plates 10b by a punching process. This channel structure consists of many branches and is optimized to dissipate heat as efficiently as possible and to enable the lowest possible pressure losses.

The second plate 10b with the cooling channels 10c is connected to the first plate 10a using a soldering process. The second plate 10b is arranged on a main surface 11 of the first plate 10a facing away from the solar cells 2. The main surface 11 has a larger extent than the side surfaces or edge surfaces of the first plate 10a arranged transversely thereto.

The second plate 10b is arranged in a first area 12 of the first plate 10a. The first area 12 is in particular a central area of the first plate 10a. The first area 12 is laterally surrounded by a second area 13. The second area 13 is not covered by the second plate 10b. The second plate 10b is arranged only in the central first region 12 and is in particular spaced from an edge 15 of the layer stack 25.

Between the lateral edge 15, which runs along the stacking direction 26 in the sectional view, and the second plate 10b, the second region 13 is provided transversely to the stacking direction 26, on which the first plate 10a is in particular not covered. The second plate 10b thus has a distance 14 which is measured transversely to the stacking direction 26 along the main surface 11. For example, the distance 14 is in a range from more than 5 mm to 20 mm, in particular between 7 mm and 15 mm, in particular between 9 and 11 mm, for example 10 mm. The second plate 10b is arranged laterally at a distance 14 from the edge 15.

The first plate 10a covers the solar cells 2 flatly, in particular completely or almost completely. The second plate 10b is smaller in comparison. In particular, the area covered by the second plate 10b is smaller than the area covered by the first plate 10a.

The frame 5 is in contact with the surface heat sink 10 in the second area 13. The frame 5 contacts the first plate 10a in the second area 13. The second plate 10b is in particular not directly touched by the frame 5. The clamp connection 5c is formed between the first plate 10a and the front glass 1. The second plate remains unaffected by mechanical loads that are exerted directly by the lower holder 5b. For this purpose, the second plate 10b is made smaller than the first plate 10a, so that the second region 13 is formed. The clamp connection 5c is thus formed with the first plate 10a, which does not have any cooling channels 10c, but is in particular flat.

The second plate 10b, which has the cooling channels 10c, can be attached to the first plate 10a without the direct action of the clamping connection 5c. This enables a particularly reliable connection between the first plate 10a and the second plate 10b using a solder. The cooling channels 10c can be distributed as desired on the second plate 10b and in particular can also be guided close to a side edge, which is useful for the reliable solder connection. Damage to the cooling channels 10c by the clamp connection 5c, in particular the lower holder 5b, can be avoided.

The first plate 10a is, for example, approximately 10 mm larger all around the second plate 10b. Thus, it is possible to insert the first plate 10a into the gap of the frame 5 between the upper bracket 5a and the lower bracket 5b. The second plate 10b does not come into conflict and/or contact with the frame 5. Due to the reliable soldered connection between the two plates 10a, 10b, there is no impairment of stability if the second plate 10b does not get into the gap between the upper holder 5a and the lower bracket 5b is introduced.

By clamping the first plate 10a into the gap of the frame 5, in addition to the adhesive layer 7, the connection between the first plate 10a and the PV laminate is strengthened. The PV laminate and the surface heat sink 10 are compressed and pressed together by means of the frame, in particular by means of the upper holder 5a and the lower holder 5b. The first plate 10a is pressed towards the front glass 1 by the lower holder 5b. The surface heat sink 10 can be inserted with the first plate 10a into the gap between the upper bracket 5a and the lower bracket 5b of the frame 5. This creates a further fixation process in addition to gluing/laminating. The surface heat sink 10 holds better and more stable on the PV structure. By clamping the first plate 10a into the gap in the frame 5, an additional robust connection to the PV laminate is realized.

The cooling channels are formed in the second plate 10b and can in particular be formed at a small distance from the lateral edge of the second plate 10b, for example at a maximum distance of 3 to 4 mm. Despite this small distance from the lateral edge of the second plate 10b, the cooling channels 10c are not damaged when the layer stack 25 is clamped in the frame 5, since the second plate 10b is designed to be retracted in relation to the first plate 10a. The first plate 10a protrudes laterally over the second plate 10b to form the contact area 12.

The PVT module 100 according to the exemplary embodiment of 1 thus has a particularly resistant connection of the layers of the layer stack 25.

2 shows the PVT module 100 according to a further exemplary embodiment. The PVT module 100 according to 2 essentially originates from the PVT module 100 1 . However, the surface heat sink 10 in particular is designed differently.

The first plate 10a, which is in contact with the lamination film 4 of the solar cells 2, is not made of aluminum or glass. The first plate 10a has a film 21 or consists of the film 21 or is formed from the film 21. The film 21 is in particular an inorganic film, for example a plastic film, in particular a PET film.

The film 21 closes the cooling channels 10c of the second plate 10b. In addition, the film 21 connects the second plate 10b to the PV laminate, in particular to the solar cells 2. In addition, the film 21 contributes to the electrical insulation between the second plate 10b and the solar cells 2.

The film 21 and the second plate 10b are connected to one another by means of an adhesive connection 22. Since there is no soldering process to connect the two plates 10a, 10b of the surface heat sink 10, the second plate 10b can be used differently than in the exemplary embodiment 1 extend to the edge 15 of the PVT module 100. The cooling channels 10c can be spaced sufficiently far from the edge 15 in order to design the frame 5 and the clamping connection 5c in such a way that the cooling channels 10c are not damaged. The connection between the second plate 10b and the first plate 10a, which is designed as a film 21, is reliably implemented by means of the adhesive connection 22. The surface heat sink 10 therefore consists, for example, of a PET-aluminum adhesive composite. It is also possible to provide the second plate 10b made of glass.

The adhesive connection 22 and the adhesive used are selected so that the second plate 10b is connected to the film 21 sufficiently strongly, for example to withstand an overpressure of 0.5 bar, with which coolant typically flows through the cooling channels 10c. The film 21 is designed and selected so that it is resistant to the coolant, which is, for example, a glycol-water mixture. The film 21 is designed in such a way that the film serves as a moisture barrier and does not allow any moisture to reach the solar cells 2.

During production, it is possible to laminate the surface heat sink 10 with the film 21 directly in a single lamination process together with the solar cells 2 and the lamination film 4. This saves in particular the back wall film 6 according to the exemplary embodiment 1 a. Costs are thus saved due to the material savings and the additional lamination step and/or gluing process saved during production.

It is also possible to replace the front glass 1 with a front coating 23. This consists, for example, of another film or a transparent layer of lacquer. The further film is, for example, a flexible transparent film, for example a PET film. The front coating 23 enables a light PVT module 100. In addition, the PVT module 100 is easier to manufacture since there are no longer any different expansion coefficients to compensate for between the front glass 1 and the second aluminum plate 10b.

It is also possible in the exemplary embodiment according to 1 Instead of the front glass 1, the front coating 23 should be provided and the surface heat sink 10 with the first plate 10a made of aluminum or glass. Thus, different combinations of the exemplary embodiments are possible 1 , 2 and 3 possible and covered by this disclosure.

The PVT module 100 with the film 21 and the front coating 23 made of a film can be produced by means of a single lamination, in which the solar cells 2, the film 23, the lamination film 4 and the film 21 with the second plate 10b in a single step be connected to each other. EVA is preferably used as the lamination film.

3 shows the photovoltaic thermal module 100 according to a further exemplary embodiment. Instead of the front glass 1, the PVT module 100 according to 3 the front coating 23 consists of a clear varnish. Such a clear coat, which is sufficiently stable to weather, UV radiation and other influences over its entire service life, is known, for example, from the automotive sector.

The solar cells 2 are no longer embedded in the lamination film 4, but in a lacquer layer 24. The lacquer layer 24 attaches the solar cells 2 and surrounds them. The lacquer layer 24 is applied in such a way that in particular the irradiation side of the solar cells 2 is not covered by the lacquer layer 24. The lacquer layer 24 reshapes and surrounds the solar cells 2 so that they are sufficiently mechanically stabilized. In addition, the lacquer layer 24 acts as an adhesive or adhesive layer for connecting the second plate 10b. The lacquer layer 24 thus also serves as the first plate 10a. The lacquer layer 24 thus fulfills the functionality of the lamination film 4 and the first plate 10a in the exemplary embodiment 1 .

The cooling channels 10c are formed in the second plate 10b between the second plate 10b and the lacquer layer 24. The front coating 23, i.e. in particular the clear lacquer, is sprayed on the side of the solar cells 2 facing away from the second plate 10b.

The exemplary embodiment of the PVT module 100 according to 3 can therefore be produced in particular without a lamination step. In addition, cost-intensive materials such as lamination films and/or Tedlar films or adhesion-promoting films and layers can be saved. Manufacturing is significantly simplified and the process steps for manufacturing are reduced, thus simplifying the process chain. For production, the embedding lacquer layer 24 is applied to the second plate 10b. The solar cells 2 are embedded in the lacquer layer 24. The lacquer layer 24 hardens. The paint for the front coating 23 is then applied. The PVT module 100 is therefore finished. There is no need for a glass front cover. The production is very resource-saving and energy-saving. The PVT module 100 has a very low weight and is light. The PVT module 100 is cost-effective.

4 shows the photovoltaic thermal module 100 according to a further exemplary embodiment. The PVT module 100 has the lacquer layer 24, which attaches and surrounds the solar cells 2. The lacquer layer 24 is applied in such a way that in particular the radiation side of the solar cells 2 is not covered by the lacquer layer 24. The lacquer layer 24 reshapes and surrounds the solar cells 2 so that they are sufficiently mechanically stabilized. The lacquer layer 24 thus fulfills in particular the functionality of the lamination film 4. In addition, the PVT module 100 has the front coating 23 made of a clear lacquer.

The surface heat sink 10 has in particular two thin aluminum sheets 10a, 10b, which are connected to one another, for example soldered together. The channel structure with the plurality of cooling channels 10c is stamped into the second plate 10b by a punching process. The first plate 10a is connected to the lacquer layer 24. According to exemplary embodiments, the second plate 10b is sufficient as in the exemplary embodiment 2 and 3 to the edge 15 of the PVT module 100.

According to further exemplary embodiments, the second plate 10b is as in the exemplary embodiment according to 1 reset, so that the second region 13 is formed on the first plate 10a, which is not covered by the second plate 10b.

According to the in 4 In the exemplary embodiment shown, a film 21, in particular a PET film, is provided between the first plate 10a and the lacquer layer 24. The film 21 serves for electrical insulation between the surface heat sink 10 and the solar cells 2. According to further exemplary embodiments, the film 21 is dispensed with, particularly if the lacquer layer 24 itself is sufficiently electrically insulating. In this exemplary embodiment, the first plate 10a is attached directly to the lacquer layer 24.

The exemplary embodiment of the PVT module 100 according to 4 can therefore be produced in particular without a lamination step. In addition, cost-intensive materials such as lamination films and/or Tedlar films or adhesion-promoting films and layers can be saved. There is no need for a glass front cover. The PVT module 100 can be manufactured easily and reliably since there are no longer any different expansion coefficients to compensate for between the front glass 1 and the surface heat sink 10 made of aluminum. It is also possible to embed the solar cells 2 in the lamination film 4, as in connection with 1 explained. The surface heat sink 10 serves for mechanical support and the front coating 23 made of the clear varnish covers the solar cells 2 at the top.

Areas of application for the PVT modules 100 described here are solar cells 2 of all types, for example crystalline or bifacial crystalline modules or thin-film modules. Furthermore, the following areas of application for the modules 100 come into consideration in particular: rooftop, industry, open space, low-temperature heating networks, floating systems, large open-space solar parks, especially in hot areas such as the USA, India, Spain, Arabia, Australia, Chile.

The PVT module 100 according to the various exemplary embodiments can be produced comparatively inexpensively. Process times and manufacturing complexity can be reduced. This leads to increased economic efficiency of the PVT modules 100, particularly in contrast to conventional PVT modules with copper tubes.

The PVT module 100 according to the various exemplary embodiments is characterized by improved reliability and quality due to the double joint connection using gluing/lamination and clamping in the frame 5. Significant simplifications in the production process are also possible. Significantly less use of expensive materials can be achieved. Lower costs and greater profitability are therefore possible.

Reference symbols

100

Photovoltaic thermal module (PVT module)

1

Front glass

2

Solar cell

3

electrical cell connector

4

Lamination film

5

Frame

5a

top bracket

5b

lower bracket

5c

Clamp connection

6

Back wall

7

Adhesive layer

10

Surface heat sink

10a

first plate, facing the solar cells

10b

second plate, facing away from the solar cells

10c

Cooling channel

11

main area

12

first area

13

second area

14

Distance

21

foil

22

Adhesive connection

23

Front coating

24

varnish layer

25

Layer stack

26

Stacking direction

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2015184402 [0002]
• DE 1020211230004 [0032]

Claims (13)

Photovoltaic thermal module (100) with - a variety of solar cells (2), and - a surface heat sink (10), whereby - the surface heat sink (10) is based on at least one inorganic material and contains a plurality of cooling channels (10c), the surface heat sink having two plates (10a, 10b) between which the cooling channels (10c) are formed, a first of the plates ( 10a), which faces the solar cells (2), is planar, wherein the cooling channels (10c) are defined by a second of the plates (10b), which faces away from the solar cells (2), and wherein the second plate (10b) is arranged on a main surface (11) of the first plate (10a), so that a first area (12) of the first plate (10a) is covered by the second plate (10b) and a second area (13) of the first plate (10a) is free of the second plate (10b). Photovoltaic thermal module Claim 1 , in which the first plate (10a) extends over a larger area than the second plate (10b). Photovoltaic thermal module Claim 1 or 2 , in which the second region (13) of the first plate (10a) is arranged circumferentially around the second plate (10b). Photovoltaic thermal module according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , comprising a support frame (5) which mechanically supports the photovoltaic-thermal module (100), the support frame (5) being in contact with the second region (13) of the first plate (10a). Photovoltaic thermal module Claim 4 , in which the support frame (5) clamps the solar cells (2) and the first plate (10a) together. Photovoltaic thermal module (100) with - a variety of solar cells (2), and - a surface heat sink (10), whereby - the surface heat sink (10) contains a plurality of cooling channels (10c), the surface heat sink having two plates (10a, 10b), between which the cooling channels (10c) are formed, a first of the plates (10a) being the solar cells (2) is facing and the cooling channels (10c) are defined by a second of the plates (10b), which faces away from the solar cells (2), and wherein the first plate (10a) has a film (21) and/or a varnish (24). having. Photovoltaic thermal module (100) according to Claim 6 , in which the film (21) and/or the lacquer (24) and the second plate (10b) are connected to one another by means of an adhesive connection (22). Photovoltaic thermal module (100) according to Claim 6 or 7 , in which the film (21) and / or the paint (24) is arranged directly on the solar cells (2). Photovoltaic thermal module (100) according to Claim 6 until 8th , wherein the first plate (10a) is formed by means of a film (21) and / or a varnish (24). Photovoltaic thermal module (100) according to Claim 6 until 9 , in which the solar cells (2) are embedded in the paint (24). Photovoltaic thermal module (100) according to one of the Claims 6 until 10 , having a front coating (23) which is arranged on a side of the solar cells (2) facing away from the surface heat sink (10) and which covers the solar cells (1), the front coating (23) being formed by means of a film or a varnish. Photovoltaic thermal module (100) according to Claims 10 and 11 , wherein the photovoltaic-thermal module (100) has a layer stack (25) which has in a stacking direction (26): - the second plate (10b), which defines the cooling channels (10c), - the paint (24), which is designed as a layer and in which the solar cells (2) are embedded, - the front coating (23), which covers the paint (24). Photovoltaic thermal module (100) with - a large number of solar cells (2) which are embedded in a layer of lacquer (24), and - a surface heat sink (10), whereby - the surface heat sink (10) is based on at least one inorganic material and contains a plurality of cooling channels (10c), the surface heat sink having two plates (10a, 10b) between which the cooling channels (10c) are formed, a first of the plates ( 10a), which faces the solar cells (2), is planar, with the cooling channels (10c) being defined by a second of the plates (10b), which faces away from the solar cells (2), and - The surface heat sink (10) is attached to the lacquer layer (24).

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