DE102022113651A1 - Rotor for an internal rotor motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotor (1) for an internal rotor motor, wherein the rotor (1) has a plurality of rotor laminations (10) stacked on top of one another, each of which passes through the respective rotor lamination (10) along an axis of rotation (R) of the rotor (1). Have a receiving opening (11) for receiving a shaft (2), at least some of the rotor plates (10) being connector plates (20) which are designed to produce a press connection with the shaft (2) at their receiving openings (21), the Connector plates (20) each have at least one relief opening (22) surrounding the receiving opening (21) in the circumferential direction (U) for setting a predetermined pressing force

Description

The invention relates to a rotor for an internal rotor motor and a system consisting of a rotor and shaft for an internal rotor motor.

In internal rotor motors, the rotor of the motor rotates around its axis of rotation within the stator. For this purpose, the rotor is connected to a shaft through which the rotor is mounted and the rotation can be transmitted to the outside.

Various variants for attaching the shaft to the rotor are known in the prior art. For example, metallic shafts in particular are pressed into a receiving opening of the rotor, which can often lead to drawing marks on the shaft, which can possibly extend to outside the rotor and are disadvantageous for the storage and imbalance of the rotor.

In order to avoid drawing marks, cost-intensive offset shafts are sometimes required.

Alternatively, it is known in the prior art to connect the shaft to the rotor by gluing instead of pressing it in. However, glued-in waves have the disadvantage that they are less heat-resistant, as the adhesive can liquefy or chemically decompose at high temperatures. The adhesive can also be very brittle and only follow the thermal expansion of the shaft and rotor to a limited extent, which can lead to the adhesive point breaking. In addition, when gluing or during operation, the adhesive can be carried outside the rotor and can, for example, have a negative effect on storage.

The invention is therefore based on the object of overcoming the aforementioned disadvantages and of providing a rotor for an internal rotor motor with which a shaft can be joined in a simple and process-reliable manner without causing damage to the shaft, which would negatively influence the internal rotor motor.

This task is achieved by the combination of features according to claim 1.

According to the invention, a rotor for an internal rotor motor is therefore proposed. The rotor has a plurality of rotor laminations stacked on top of one another along the axis of rotation, each of which has a receiving opening running through the respective rotor lamination along an axis of rotation of the rotor for receiving a shaft. The receiving openings of the rotor laminations preferably form a passage into which the shaft can be inserted or pressed. According to the invention it is provided that at least some of the rotor laminations are connector laminations which are designed to produce a press connection with the shaft at their receiving openings. Accordingly, at least one rotor sheet is a connector sheet, and several or all of the rotor sheets can also be connector sheets. The rotor preferably has at least two types of rotor laminations, a first type being the connector laminations and serving to establish the connection between the rotor and shaft and a second type or all other types of rotor laminations not serving to establish the connection between the rotor and shaft. The connector plates are characterized in that they each have at least one relief opening surrounding the receiving opening of the connector plates in the circumferential direction for setting a predetermined pressing force or holding force. The relief openings can, for example, be designed like an elongated hole and run around the axis of rotation in an arc, but can also have other geometries. The pressing or holding force is understood in particular to be that of the connector plate onto the shaft inserted through the receiving opening, which is therefore decisive for the connection of the shaft and rotor.

The connector plates are preferably designed with the relief openings to apply a predetermined pressing force to the inserted shaft. Furthermore, the connector plates are in particular made in one piece and, for example, produced by a stamping process.

It should be noted here that the rotor can also be referred to as a laminated core or rotor laminated core. If the rotor is referred to as a laminated core or rotor laminated core, the object formed from the laminated core and shaft can be referred to as a rotor in its entirety.

The relief openings can also have different geometries. In addition to an arcuate basic shape without edges, which runs around the axis of rotation in sections in the circumferential direction, an angular or rectangular basic shape of the individual relief openings would also be possible.

An advantageous variant provides that the connector plates each have several relief openings. The relief openings of each connector plate can be arranged in the circumferential direction at regular and preferably uniform intervals around the receiving opening. In particular, a web extends between the relief openings from the radial outside to the radial inside. The ent However, load openings can also be arranged unevenly or asymmetrically around the axis of rotation or around the receiving opening.

Furthermore, the connector plates can each integrally form a spring ring, which forms the receiving opening at least in sections and preferably completely surrounds it. The spring ring is delimited radially outward at least in sections by the at least one relief opening and is designed to spring in sections radially outward into the at least one relief opening. The spring ring is preferably connected to a radially outer region of the respective connector plate by the webs which separate the relief opening from one another.

If only one relief opening or several relief openings are provided on a respective connector plate, which, however, are not arranged evenly distributed around the axis of rotation, instead of a spring ring, one can also speak of a spring section, which continues to be limited radially outward at least in sections by the at least one relief opening and designed to spring in sections radially outwards into the at least one relief opening.

The receiving opening of the connector plates preferably forms a radially inward press fit corresponding to the shaft for contact with the shaft and for connecting the rotor to the shaft. The press fit is designed accordingly to exert the predetermined pressing or holding force on an inserted shaft, whereby the area defining the press fit, for example the spring ring, can spring out into the relief openings.

Preferably, the rotor has at least two groups of connector plates, each consisting of several connector plates. The connector plates of a group preferably lie against one another along the axis of rotation, i.e. in the axial direction, with the groups being spaced apart from one another along the axis of rotation. Each group therefore consists of preferably directly adjacent connector plates, with a plurality of rotor plates preferably being arranged between two groups, which are not connector plates.

However, it is also fundamentally possible for only a single group of connector plates to be provided. An intermediate element, such as a rotor plate or a spacer or the like, can also be provided between the connector plates of a group.

Particularly in the case of rotor lamination stacks, which have small dimensions or few rotor laminations in the axial direction, all rotor laminations can also be connector laminations.

The connector plates have or the at least one connector plate further has a radially inner wall defining the respective receiving opening, on which at least one flattening is preferably formed for contact with the shaft and connection to the shaft.

The at least one flattening can be designed to be plastically deformed when the shaft is joined through the receiving opening and thereby create tolerance compensation. The flats can also be used to determine or form the press fit.

Furthermore, at least some of the connector plates can each have a plurality of flats, which are arranged on the respective connector plate in the circumferential direction at regular and in particular uniform intervals. A regular distance is understood to mean distances that follow a rule, which includes an asymmetrical distribution of the flats around the axis of rotation.

For example, a flat area can be provided for each relief opening, which is preferably arranged in the center of the relief opening in the circumferential direction. Several flats are also possible for each relief opening, which can then be arranged in a predetermined and in particular symmetrical pattern to the relief opening.

If flats are provided in combination with a spring ring, the flats can be formed radially on the inside of the spring ring, so that when joining, the flats deflect resiliently towards the outside. Depending on the geometric design of the flats in combination with the spring ring, the flats can only experience a slight plastic deformation.

Both for the distribution of the relief openings, ie for the distances between the relief openings, and the distribution of the flats, ie for the distances between the flats in the circumferential direction around the axis of rotation or around the receiving opening, it is possible to influence a resonance frequency of the rotor. In particular, the distributions or distances are selected in such a way that the rotor does not reach the resonance frequency during operation or, if possible, does not reach it and therefore there is no or at least there is less vibration of the rotor.

The flats of several connector plates can also be arranged in a predetermined pattern relative to one another. The flats arranged in the pattern are designed to exert a uniform pressing force on the shaft in the circumferential direction around the axis of rotation and over a predetermined section along the axis of rotation and preferably to create tolerance compensation in this section. Furthermore, the flats or the pattern formed by them are intended not to have a preferred direction when the shaft is pressed into the rotor, so that the shaft can be pressed centrally into the rotor without scoring on the shaft.

The relief openings of several connector plates can also be arranged in a predetermined pattern relative to one another. The relief openings arranged in the pattern are also designed to exert a uniform pressing or holding force on the shaft in the circumferential direction around the axis of rotation and over a predetermined section along the axis of rotation.

Both for the predetermined pattern of the flats and for the predetermined pattern of the relief openings, this can be achieved in particular by indexing, in which a connector plate is rotated relative to the previous connector plate by a predetermined angle or until a predetermined position is reached.

For example, if each connector plate has exactly one relief opening and/or exactly one flattening, an even distribution is achieved with an indexing angle of 45° after or with 8 connector plates (8x45° = 360°). With an indexing angle of 60°, 6 connector plates are required and with an indexing angle of 90°, 4 connector plates are required.

Furthermore, both the pattern of the flats and the pattern of the relief openings can be symmetrical or asymmetrical or follow a predetermined, for example helical or spiral-like, course.

The connector plates arranged according to the predetermined patterns are designed in particular by asymmetrical patterns to shift the resonance frequencies of the motor, so that at certain frequencies there is little vibration and therefore quieter and more efficient operation.

In order to achieve a predetermined holding force, the number of connector plates, the number and spacing of groups of connector plates, the number and distribution of relief openings or the pattern determined by them, and the number and distribution of flats or the pattern determined by them be provided accordingly.

These variables can be set, for example, in the punching process for producing the individual rotor sheets or the rotor, and the rotor according to the invention can thereby be produced simply and cost-effectively.

Both the manufacturing process of the rotor and the connection process of the rotor to the shaft can be repeated with a high degree of accuracy and are therefore process-reliable.

A further aspect of the invention relates to a system consisting of a rotor according to the invention and a shaft pressed into the rotor through the receiving openings of the connector plates. The connector plates exert a predetermined pressing force on the shaft that fixes the rotor on the shaft. If the connector plates have a spring ring, when pressed in from its undeformed state, it is pressed elastically radially outwards into the relief openings and is therefore deformed. Due to the intended design of the spring washers and the corresponding relief openings, a predetermined pressing force is transferred from the connector plates to the shaft without producing draw marks on it.

The features disclosed above can be combined in any way, as long as this is technically possible and they do not contradict each other.

• 1 ein Rotor mit einer eingepressten Welle;
• 2 eine Schnittansicht des Rotors;
• 3 eine Detailansicht des Schnitts;
• 4 ein Verbinderblech des Rotors;
• 5 eine Detailansicht des Verbinderbleches gemäß 4;
• 6 eine alternative Variante eines Verbinderbleches;
• 7 eine Detailansicht des Verbinderbleches gemäß 6;
• 8 eine Ansicht mehrere indexierter Verbinderbleche gemäß 6;
• 9 ein Muster von Abflachungen.

Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims or are shown in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures. Show it:

• 1 a rotor with a pressed-in shaft;
• 2 a sectional view of the rotor;
• 3 a detailed view of the cut;
• 4 a rotor connector plate;
• 5 a detailed view of the connector plate according to 4 ;
• 6 an alternative variant of a connector plate;
• 7 a detailed view of the connector plate according to 6 ;
• 8th a view of several indexed connector plates according to 6 ;
• 9 a pattern of flats.

The figures are exemplary schematic. The same reference numbers in the figures indicate the same functional and/or structural features.

In 1 a rotor 1 is shown with a plurality of rotor laminations 10, 20, whereby the 2 until 5 each in particular cuts of the rotor 1 of 1 , individual components of the rotor 1 1 or show associated detailed views. The description of the individual figures can be transferred analogously to the other figures.

Into the receiving openings 11, 21 of the rotor laminations 10, 20 of the rotor 1 in 1 a shaft 2 is pressed in, with the pressing or holding forces required for the press connection being exerted on the shaft 2 only by the connector plates 20 of the rotor 1.

For this purpose, the rotor 1 has two groups A, B of connector plates 20, the first group A being formed, for example, from eight connector plates 20 lying against one another along the axis of rotation R and the second group B, for example, from fourteen connecting plates 20 lying against one another along the axis of rotation R. For rotors with a smaller axial extent, however, only one group of connector laminations can be provided, which can also extend from one end face of the rotor lamination stack formed from the rotor laminations 10 to the opposite end face of the rotor lamination stack.

Further rotor plates 10 are arranged along the axis of rotation R before and after the connector plates 20 of the two groups A, B, which, however, are not connector plates 20 and which preferably do not contribute to the press connection of the rotor 1 with the shaft 2.

The rotor laminations 10, which are not connector laminations 20, can be different types of rotor laminations 10 and therefore do not have to be identical.

Through the connector plates 20, a predetermined holding or pressing force is exerted from the connector plates 20 onto the shaft 2 via a predetermined section 26, with the distance 28 through which the groups A, B are spaced apart from one another also being used to achieve a predetermined supporting moment is set.

Like especially in the 4 and 5 As can be seen, the connector plates 20 each have a receiving opening 21, around which at least one and here three relief openings 22 are arranged distributed in the circumferential direction U. As a result, a spring ring 23 is formed which is delimited radially on the outside by the relief openings 22 and which has a wall 24 which determines the connection to the shaft 2 on the radial inside or is delimited by it. The spring ring 23 is held by webs 27, which extend from the radial inside to the radial outside, delimit or separate the relief openings 22 in the circumferential direction and hold the spring ring 23 on a radially outer section of the connector plate 20.

To compensate for tolerances, several flats 25 are provided on the wall 24, so that the receiving opening 21 is narrowed radially inwards in the area of the flats 25.

In 4 and 5 only one flattening 25 is visible, it is provided in the illustrated connector plate 20 that one flattening 25 is arranged for each relief opening 22 and in the center of the circumferential direction U.

When the shaft is pressed into the receiving openings 11, 21 of the rotor 1, a radially inwardly directed pressing force is exerted on the shaft 2 by the wall 24 and in particular by the flats 25, with the spring ring 23 springing radially outwards into the relief openings 22, as in 5 indicated by the movement arrows C.

The connector plates 20, like the ones 4 and 5 explained, are put together into groups A, B, the connector plates 20 of each of the groups A, B each forming a pattern both with regard to their flats 25 and with regard to their relief openings 22, as shown in particular by the 2 and 3 shown. The pattern can be irregular or asymmetrical and preferably a regular pattern.

Within groups A, B, the respective connector plates 20 are arranged in such a way that there is no preferred direction when the shaft 2 is pressed in, so that the shaft 2 is centered or held coaxially with the axis of rotation R and at the same time there is no impermissibly high pressing force on it from any side Wave 2 is exercised. Since the spring rings 23 can each deflect into the relief openings 22, there is no formation of drawing grooves on the shaft 2.

Especially in 3 It can be seen that the flats 25 extend through an indexing and the predetermined pattern along a helix or along an imaginary spiral on the walls 24 and rest accordingly on the shaft 2. By indexing, the relief openings 22 and/or the flats 25 on each of the connector plates 20 can be arranged rotated by a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction U relative to a predetermined zero point or relative to a previous connector plate 20, so that the connector plates 20 are relative to the production of the pattern the alignment of the relief openings 22 and the flats 25 can differ from one another or be twisted relative to one another.

If the further shaping of the connector plates 20 allows it, they can also be designed identically and only be arranged twisted against each other by the predetermined angle.

6 and 7 show a connector plate 20 analogous to the illustrations in 4 and 5 , with only one relief opening 22 with a flattening 25 being provided. Furthermore, the relief opening 22 has a square or angular shape radially on the outside, with a spring ring 23 radially on the inside or a spring section 23 because it only partially revolves around the axis of rotation R.

In 8th is an example of a wire mesh model of twelve connector plates 20 arranged or stacked on top of one another according to the connector plate 20 of 6 and 7 shown. The connector plates 20 are each rotated by 90° relative to the immediately preceding connector plate 20, so that four connector plates 20 produce a uniform distribution of the relief openings 22 and the flats 25 in the circumferential direction U around the axis of rotation R, which results in the spiral or helical shape Pattern X results.

For better illustration, the receiving opening 21 of the connector plates is of six stacked connector plates 20 according to the 6 until 8th in again 9 shown.

The implementation of the invention is not limited to the preferred exemplary embodiments given above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable, which make use of the solution presented even in fundamentally different designs.

Claims (12)

Rotor (1) for an internal rotor motor, the rotor (1) having a plurality of rotor laminations (10) stacked on top of one another, each of which has a receiving opening (11) passing through the respective rotor lamination (10) along a rotation axis (R) of the rotor (1). for receiving a shaft (2), characterized in that at least some of the rotor plates (10) are connector plates (20) which are designed to produce a press connection with the shaft (2) at their receiving openings (21), the connector plates (20) each have at least one relief opening (22) surrounding the receiving opening (21) in the circumferential direction (U) for setting a predetermined pressing force. Rotor after Claim 1 , wherein the connector plates (20) each have several relief openings (21). Rotor after Claim 2 , wherein the relief openings (22) of a connector plate (20) are arranged in the circumferential direction (U) at regular and in particular uniform intervals around the receiving opening (21). Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connector plates (20) each integrally have a spring ring (23) which at least partially forms the receiving opening (21) and in particular completely encircles it, which is delimited and formed radially outward at least in sections by the at least one relief opening (22), in sections radially outward in to deflect the at least one relief opening (22). Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the receiving opening (21) of the connector plates (20) form a radially inward press fit corresponding to the shaft (2) for contact with the shaft (2) and connection with the shaft (2). Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotor (1) has at least two groups (A, B) of connector plates (20) each consisting of several connector plates (20), wherein the connector plates (20) of a group (A, B) in particular rest against one another along the axis of rotation (R) and the groups (A, B) are spaced apart from one another along the axis of rotation (R). Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connector plates (20) have a wall (24) defining the respective receiving opening (21), on which at least one flattening (25) for contact with the shaft (2) and connection to the shaft ( 2) is trained. Rotor according to the preceding claim, wherein the at least one flat area (25) is designed to be plastically deformed when the shaft (2) is joined through the receiving opening (21). Rotor according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein at least some of the connector plates (20) each have a plurality of flats (25), which are arranged on the respective connector plate (20) in the circumferential direction (U) at regular and, in particular, even intervals. Rotor according to one of the Claims 6 until 8th , wherein the flats (25) of a plurality of connector plates (20) are arranged in a predetermined pattern relative to one another and the flats (25) arranged in the pattern are formed in the circumferential direction (U) about the axis of rotation (R) and over a predetermined section (26 ) to exert a uniform pressing force on the shaft (2) along the axis of rotation (R). Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the relief openings (22) of a plurality of connector plates (20) are arranged in a predetermined pattern relative to one another and the relief openings (22) arranged in the pattern are formed in the circumferential direction (U) around the axis of rotation (R) and over a predetermined section (26) to exert a uniform pressing force on the shaft (2) along the axis of rotation (R). System consisting of a rotor (1) according to one of the preceding claims and a shaft (2) pressed into the rotor (1) through the receiving openings (21) of the connector plates (20), wherein a predetermined pressing force which fixes the rotor (1) on the shaft (2) is exerted on the shaft (2) by the connector plates (20).

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