DE102022112816A1 - Composition for treating seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention lies in the field of treating seeds, in particular forest seeds. In one aspect, the invention provides a composition for treating seeds, particularly forest seeds. The composition according to the invention can be contained in a seed body in a seed body matrix (102), the seed body matrix (102) being able to surround, for example, an individual seed (204).

Description

Field of invention

The invention lies in the field of treating seeds, in particular forest seeds. The seed is treated with a composition, in particular the treatment involves incorporating the seed into the composition. The treated seeds are particularly suitable for sowing by air.

Background of the invention

The treatment of seeds, e.g. with substances that increase germination or growth, is used in particular for agricultural seeds and can offer an efficient method for increasing the yields of agricultural crops.

This treatment often takes the form of seed dressing. When dressing, the seeds of a plant are treated with the desired substances, for example pesticides, in such a way that they surround the seeds. The most commonly used types of stain are dry stain, wet stain and suspension stain.

Dry dressing involves treating the seeds with a dry powder. To do this, the seeds are mixed together with the respective dressing powder and mixed until all seeds are surrounded by the dry dressing. During wet dressing, the seeds are immersed in a bath of dressing agents. During suspension dressing, the seeds are placed in a chamber and the seeds are sprayed with a finely atomized dressing agent.

A special form of pickling is so-called pilling. During pilling, the seeds are surrounded by a coating, which includes, for example, pesticides and fertilizers, in such a way that each treated seed has a uniform weight and a uniform size. For this purpose, the seeds are pelleted many times in layers, especially with suspensions. The result is a calibratable, machine-operable seed pill that is mainly used in the agricultural sector, e.g. for sugar beets and cabbage, or in ornamental plant cultivation, e.g. for orchids. In the agricultural sector, for example, the layered structure is designed to be able to place insecticides and fungicides on the seeds in lamella layers and to cover them with a color protective layer, for example to protect the user. In addition, biostimulants, nutrients and deterrents can be incorporated. The evenly calibrated seed pill can be placed mechanically in the prepared seedbed. Pilled seeds often have a spherical shape of standardized size and are particularly suitable for single grain sowing.

However, these previously known types of treatment and substances are unsuitable for very small or very light seeds, as is often the case with forest seeds, especially if the seeds in question, especially forest seeds, are to be spread by air, i.e. evenly from the air should be distributed. Without wishing to be bound by a specific theory, it is assumed here that previously known processes from the field of agricultural dressing/pilling prove to be unsuitable in this context for the following reasons: lack of swelling effect of the substances used, limited material structure of the coating and In the case of forest seeds, use of substances unsuitable for forest seeds and processing processes that are harmful to germs.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of mitigating the above disadvantages and enabling the treatment of seeds, in particular forest seeds, whereby the treated seeds can be spread in particular by means of air delivery.

Summary of the invention

1. a) Kaliumhumate,
2. b) Pyrolysekohle,
3. c) Tonmineral,
4. d) Natriumalginate,
5. e) Braunalgenmehl und
6. f) Pflanzenfasern.

The solution according to the invention includes the provision of a composition for treating seeds, in particular forest seeds, comprising:

1. a) potassium humates,
2. b) pyrolysis coal,
3. c) clay mineral,
4. d) sodium alginates,
5. e) brown algae meal and
6. f) Plant fibers.

The solution according to the invention also includes the use of the composition according to the invention for treating seeds, in particular forest seeds.

1. a) Bereitstellen von erfindungsgemäßer Zusammensetzung,
2. b) Bereitstellen von Saatgut,
3. c) Zusammenführen der Zusammensetzung und des Saatguts, und
4. d) Bilden eines oder mehrerer Saatkörper, in denen das Saatgut in eine die Zusammensetzung enthaltende Saatkörper-Matrix eingebunden ist.

The solution according to the invention also includes the provision of a method for producing one or more seed bodies, in particular one or more seed bodies containing forest seeds, comprising the following steps:

1. a) providing composition according to the invention,
2. b) providing seeds,
3. c) combining the composition and the seeds, and
4. d) Forming one or more seed bodies in which the seed is integrated into a seed body matrix containing the composition.

The solution according to the invention also includes the provision of seed bodies which comprise a seed body matrix which comprises the composition according to the invention and seeds, in particular forest seeds, the seeds being incorporated into the seed body matrix. The seed bodies according to the invention can be produced in particular using the method according to the invention. Seed bodies according to the invention can contain, as seeds, in particular a single seed, a large number of identical seeds (pure seeds) or a large number of different seeds (mixed seeds). The seed bodies according to the invention are particularly suitable for containing small seeds as seeds. For the purposes of the present invention, the terms seed body and seed pellet are used synonymously. For the purposes of the present invention, the terms seed body matrix and seed pellet matrix are used synonymously.

The solution according to the invention also includes the use of the seed bodies according to the invention for sowing by means of air delivery and a method for sowing seed bodies according to the invention.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term seed refers to generative reproductive organs, such as seeds, whereby the seed contains the complete germination of the plants resulting from fertilization. For the purposes of the present invention, the term forest seed refers to seeds from trees, in particular seeds from trees that are sown in forests, in particular German forests. As an example, reference is made here to the Forest Propagation Act (FoVG), which lists the trees that may be planted in German forests, particularly in the appendix in Section 7, which refers to the regulation in Section 2 No. 1.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term embedded, in the context that the seed is incorporated into the seed body matrix, refers to a state in which the seed cannot be removed from the seed body matrix without damaging the integrity of the seed body matrix .

For the purposes of the present invention, the term microseed refers to seeds in which the diameter of the individual seeds is on average smaller than 20 μm, determined by sieving and microscopic measurement.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term aerial delivery refers to sowing from the air, i.e. the treated or untreated seeds are dropped from the air and land on the soil surface.

Short description of the characters

• 1 shows a seed body (100) with micro seeds (101) in a seed body matrix (102) which comprises plant fibers (103).
• 2 shows a seed body (200) with an individual seed (204) in a seed body matrix (102) which comprises plant fibers (103).
• 3 shows a seed body (300) with small seeds (101) and individual seeds (304) in a seed body matrix (102) and an outer layer (305).
• 4 shows a seed body (400) with a single seed (404) in a seed body matrix (102), which comprises plant fibers (103), and an outer layer (305).
• 5 shows a seed body (500) with a single seed (404) in a seed body matrix (102) which comprises plant fibers (103), a functional layer (506) and an outer layer (305).
• 6 shows a dressed individual seed (600) with a single seed (404) which is dressed with a seed body matrix (102).
• 7 shows a seed body (700) with a single seed (404) in a seed body matrix (102), which comprises plant fibers with an average length of more than 120 µm (703), and an outer layer (705), which contains plant fibers with an average length of less than 120 µm (not shown).
• 8th shows the moistening with water (left arrow) and the re-drying (right arrow) of the seed body (700). 7 .

The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and/or examples shown in the figures. The figures do not necessarily represent the specific embodiments and/or examples shown true to scale.

Description of the invention

1. a) Kaliumhumate,
2. b) Pyrolysekohle,
3. c) Tonmineral,
4. d) Natriumalginate,
5. e) Braunalgenmehl und
6. f) Pflanzenfasern.

In one aspect, the invention provides a composition for treating seeds, in particular forest seeds, which composition comprises:

1. a) potassium humates,
2. b) pyrolysis coal,
3. c) clay mineral,
4. d) sodium alginates,
5. e) brown algae meal and
6. f) Plant fibers.

The composition according to the invention includes potassium humates. Potassium humates include salts of humic acids; Potassium humates and their production are known to those skilled in the art. In one embodiment, conventional potassium humates can be used, which can be produced using known processes. In particular, highly pure crystalline potassium humates can be used. In particular, the potassium humates can contain more than 60% by weight, in particular more than 65% by weight, of humic acid-derived components, based on the total weight of the potassium humates used. In particular, the potassium humates can contain more than 4% by weight, in particular more than 5% by weight, in particular between 5 and 6% by weight, of fulvic acid-derived components, based on the total weight of the potassium humates used. In particular, the potassium humates can have a pH of 8 to 12, in particular a pH of 9 to 11, in particular a pH of 9.5 to 10.5.

It was found that potassium humates in the composition according to the invention increase the bond between the individual components, stimulate the symbiosis of microorganisms and mykhorriza, have a germination-promoting effect on seeds and improve the heat, cold and drought tolerance of the seedling.

In one embodiment, the proportion by weight of the potassium humates is 0.1 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.5 to 3% by weight, in particular 1 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition according to the invention.

The composition according to the invention includes pyrolysis coal. Pyrolysis coal is obtained through pyrolytic carbonization of biological raw materials; Pyrolysis coal and its production are known to those skilled in the art. In one embodiment, conventional pyrolysis coal can be used, which can be produced using known processes. For example, raw material can be extracted from softwoods from short rotation plantations (SRCs). In particular, pollutant-free and finely ground raw material can be used during production. For the purposes of the present invention, the term refers to finely ground raw material, raw material in which 90% by weight or more, based on the total weight of the raw material, has an average diameter of less than 0.1 mm, determined by sieving. In particular, the pyrolysis coal can contain uncharged carbon, i.e. carbon that has not been charged with either microorganisms or nutrients.

It was found that pyrolysis carbon in the composition according to the invention increases the storage capacity of water, nutrients and microorganisms.

In one embodiment, the proportion by weight of the pyrolysis coal is 2 to 30% by weight, in particular 5 to 20% by weight, in particular 10 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition according to the invention.

The composition according to the invention includes clay minerals. Clay minerals and their extraction are known to those skilled in the art. In one embodiment, conventional clay minerals obtained by known methods may be used. In particular, highly swellable clay minerals with high cation exchange capacity and high sorption capacity can be used. In particular, the clay minerals can contain from 20 to 30% by weight, in particular from 22 to 28% by weight, in particular from 24 to 26% by weight, of kaolinite, based on the total weight of the clay minerals used. In particular, the clay minerals can contain from 30 to 50% by weight, in particular from 35 to 45% by weight, in particular from 38 to 42% by weight, of illite, based on the total weight of the clay minerals used. In particular, the clay minerals can contain from 25 to 45% by weight, in particular from 30 to 40% by weight, in particular from 33 to 37% by weight, of smectite, based on the total weight of the clay minerals used. In particular, the clay minerals can have a water absorption of more than 90% by weight, in particular more than 95% by weight, in particular more than 97% by weight, based on the total weight of the clay minerals used. In particular, the clay minerals can have a bulk density according to DIN 53468 of 550 to 750 g/L, in particular 600 to 700 g/L, in particular 630 to 670 g/L. In particular, the clay minerals can have grain sizes according to Sedigraph 5100 of <63 µm (100%), <40 µm (99%), <20 µm (92%); < 10 µm (80%), < 6 µm (74%), < 2 µm (60%), < 1 µm (54%) and < 0.5 µm (45%).

It was found that clay mineral in the composition according to the invention increases the binding to the seed and between the individual components and provides micronutrients for the seed.

In one embodiment, the weight proportion of the clay minerals is 30 to 80% by weight, in particular 40 to 70% by weight, in particular 50 to 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition according to the invention.

The composition according to the invention includes sodium alginates. Sodium alginates include salts of alginic acids, which are formed in nature, for example by some bacteria and algae; Sodium alginates and their production are known to those skilled in the art. In one embodiment, conventional sodium alginates can be used, which can be produced by known processes. In particular, the sodium alginates in a 1% solution can have a Brookfield LVT (60 rpm) viscosity of 450 to 650 mPa, in particular 400 to 600 mPa, in particular 350 to 550 mPa. In particular, the sodium alginates can have a pH of 4.0 to 10, in particular a pH of 4.5 to 9.0, in particular a pH of 5.5 to 8.0. In particular, the sodium alginates can have a residual moisture of less than 20% by weight, in particular less than 17% by weight, in particular less than 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the sodium alginates used. In particular, the sodium alginates can be in the form of particles which have a particle size distribution in which at least 80% by weight of the particles, in particular at least 90% by weight, in particular at least 95% by weight, based on the total weight of the sodium alginates used, have a diameter of less than 200 µm, determined by sieving.

It was found that sodium alginates in the composition according to the invention increase the binding to the seed and between the individual components and increase the storage capacity of water.

In one embodiment, the proportion by weight of the sodium alginates is 0.1 to 6% by weight, in particular 0.5 to 4% by weight, in particular 1 to 3% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition according to the invention.

The composition according to the invention includes brown algae meal. Brown algae flour is obtained from brown algae. For this purpose, the brown algae are usually cleaned, dried and ground. Brown algae flour and its production are known to those skilled in the art. In one embodiment, conventional brown algae flour can be used, which can be produced using known processes. In particular, the brown algae meal can be obtained from the brown algae Ascophyllum nodosum, especially in the form of granules. This brown algae is a free-flowing, water-binding macroalgae from the Fucaceae family that can be used as a bioactivator. In particular, the brown algae meal may contain antioxidants, amino acids, mannuronic acid and guluronic acid. In particular, the brown algae flour can contain mannuronic acid and guluronic acid in a weight ratio of 1.00 to 2.50, in particular in a weight ratio of 1.20 to 2.20, in particular in a weight ratio of 1.40 to 1.95. In particular, the brown algae meal can be in the form of particles which have an average diameter, determined by sieving, of 50 μm to 600 μm, in particular from 80 μm to 500 μm, in particular from 100 μm to 400 μm. In particular, the brown algae meal can have a pH of 4.0 to 8.0, in particular a pH of 5.0 to 7.0, in particular a pH of 4.5 to 6.5. In particular, the brown algae meal can have a crude protein content of 1 to 20% by weight, in particular of 2 to 15% by weight, in particular of 3 to 12% by weight, based on the total weight of the brown algae meal used. In particular, the brown algae flour can be in the form of particles, with a sieve analysis of the particles according to DIN EN ISO 4610 with an air jet sieve with a clear mesh size of > 1000 µm providing less than 1% by weight based on the total weight of the brown algae flour used, with a clear mesh size of > 500 µm delivers less than 5% by weight based on the total weight of the brown algae flour used and with a clear mesh size of > 200 µm delivers between 30 and 70% by weight based on the total weight of the brown algae flour used.

It was found that brown algae meal in the composition according to the invention increases the binding to the seeds and stimulates symbioses.

In one embodiment, the weight proportion of the brown algae meal is 0.1 to 10% by weight, in particular 1 to 7% by weight, in particular 2 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition according to the invention.

The composition according to the invention includes plant fibers. Plant fibers are fibers of plant origin, whereby in addition to wood, other fiber plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp and jute, can also be used as a starting material. Plant fibers and their production are known to those skilled in the art.

In one embodiment, the weight proportion of the plant fibers is 7 to 70% by weight, in particular 15 to 50% by weight, in particular 25 to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition according to the invention.

The plant fibers in the composition according to the invention can be long plant fibers sern, short plant fibers or mixtures thereof. For the purposes of the present invention, the term long plant fibers refers to those plant fibers whose average length is >120 µm, in particular >150 µm, in particular >180 µm, in particular >210 µm, in particular >250 µm, in particular >300 µm. For the purposes of the present invention, the term short plant fibers refers to those plant fibers whose average length is ≤ 120 µm, in particular <100 µm, in particular <80 µm, in particular <60 µm, in particular <40 µm, in particular <20 µm. The length of the plant fibers is determined by microscopic analysis.

It has been found that plant fibers in the composition according to the invention increase moisture transfer and the storage capacity of water. It was also found that long plant fibers in particular in the composition according to the invention improve the incorporation of small particles, such as very small seeds, for example in eddy current processes. Thus, for example, very small seeds can be incorporated into the composition according to the invention and thus form a granulate which, in addition to the composition according to the invention, contains, for example, very small seeds. It was further found that, in particular, long plant fibers in combination with pyrolysis carbon, clay mineral and sodium alginates in the composition according to the invention provide the function of a double capillary function (bipolar).

Without wanting to be bound by a specific theory, it is assumed that the uniform structure of plant fibers ensures capillary moisture transport in combination with clay minerals. This can particularly apply to the rapid breakdown of moisture during the drying of moistened compositions. Through the homogeneous distribution of water after moistening the compositions according to the invention, strong bonds of the compositions according to the invention can be prevented, which can, for example, lead to the germination of a seed incorporated into the composition according to the invention.

In some embodiments of the composition according to the invention, wood fibers, cotton fibers, flax fibers, hemp fibers, jute fibers and mixtures can be used as plant fibers. Such plant fibers that are obtained directly without further processing are referred to as natural plant fibers in the context of the present invention. In particular, the wood fibers can be obtained from spruce wood and/or beech wood by grinding. In particular, the plant fibers, in particular wood fibers, can contain from 30 to 50% by weight, in particular from 35 to 45% by weight, in particular from 38 to 42% by weight, of alpha cellulose, based on the total weight of the plant fibers used, in particular wood fibers . In particular, the plant fibers, in particular wood fibers, can contain from 15 to 35% by weight, in particular from 20 to 30% by weight, in particular from 22 to 28% by weight, of hemicellulose, based on the total weight of the plant fibers used, in particular wood fibers . In particular, the plant fibers, in particular wood fibers, can contain from 15 to 35% by weight, in particular from 20 to 30% by weight, in particular from 22 to 28% by weight, of lignin, based on the total weight of the plant fibers used, in particular wood fibers . In particular, the plant fibers, in particular wood fibers, can have a pH of 4.0 to 8.0, in particular a pH of 5.0 to 7.0, in particular a pH of 4.5 to 6.5. In particular, the plant fibers, in particular wood fibers, can have a bulk density according to DIN EN ISO 60 of 100 to 300 g/L, in particular 150 to 240 g/L, in particular 180 to 210 g/L. In particular, the plant fibers, in particular wood fibers, can have a water absorption of more than 100% by weight, in particular of more than 200% by weight, in particular of more than 300% by weight, based on the total weight of the plant fibers used, in particular wood fibers . In particular, the plant fibers, in particular wood fibers, can have a sieve analysis according to DIN EN ISO 4610 with an air jet sieve, in which, with a clear mesh size of > 100 µm, less than 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the plant fibers used, in particular wood fibers, is delivered and with a clear mesh size of > 45 µm less than 10% by weight based on the total weight of the plant fibers used, in particular wood fibers.

In one embodiment of the composition according to the invention, further processed plant fibers can be used; These include, among other things, cellulose fibers. Cellulose fibers can be obtained from wood; For this purpose, lignin is usually removed from the wood fibers and thermally broken down. Further processing processes for plant fibers and in particular the processes for producing cellulose fibers are known to those skilled in the art. In particular, the cellulose fibers can be obtained from high-purity cellulose from beech wood. In particular, the cellulose fibers can contain more than 97% by weight, in particular more than 99% by weight, in particular more than 99.5% by weight, of cellulose, based on the total weight of the cellulose fibers used. In particular, the cellulose fibers can have an average fiber length of 100 to 500 μm, in particular 200 to 400 µm, especially from 250 to 350 µm. The fiber length of the cellulose fibers is determined by microscopic analysis. In particular, the cellulose fibers can have an average fiber thickness of 5 to 50 µm, in particular 10 to 40 µm, in particular 15 to 30 µm. The fiber thickness of the cellulose fibers is determined by microscopic analysis. In particular, the cellulose fibers can have a pH of 3.0 to 9.0, in particular a pH of 4.0 to 8.0, in particular a pH of 5.0 to 7.0. In particular, the cellulose fibers can have a bulk density according to DIN EN ISO 60 of 20 to 200 g/L, in particular from 50 to 120 g/L, in particular from 70 to 90 g/L.

Further processed plant fibers, in particular cellulose fibers, can be used as an alternative to or in combination with natural plant fibers in the composition according to the invention.

• a) Kaliumhumate,
• b) Pyrolysekohle,
• c) Tonmineral,
• d) Natriumalginate,
• e) Braunalgenmehl und
• f.1) Holzfasern, insbesondere lange Holzfasern.

In some embodiments of the composition according to the invention, wood fibers can be used as plant fibers, so that the composition comprises:

• a) potassium humates,
• b) pyrolysis coal,
• c) clay mineral,
• d) sodium alginates,
• e) brown algae meal and
• f.1) Wood fibers, especially long wood fibers.

• a) Kaliumhumate,
• b) Pyrolysekohle,
• c) Tonmineral,
• d) Natriumalginate,
• e) Braunalgenmehl und
• f.2) Cellulosefasern, insbesondere lange Cellulosefasern.

In some embodiments of the composition according to the invention, cellulose fibers can be used as plant fibers, so that the composition comprises:

• a) potassium humates,
• b) pyrolysis coal,
• c) clay mineral,
• d) sodium alginates,
• e) brown algae meal and
• f.2) Cellulose fibers, especially long cellulose fibers.

• a) Kaliumhumate,
• b) Pyrolysekohle,
• c) Tonmineral,
• d) Natriumalginate,
• e) Braunalgenmehl und
• f.1) Holzfasern, insbesondere kurze Holzfasern, und
• f.2) Cellulosefasern, insbesondere lange Cellulosefasern.

In some embodiments of the composition according to the invention, wood fibers and cellulose fibers can be used as plant fibers, so that the composition comprises:

• a) potassium humates,
• b) pyrolysis coal,
• c) clay mineral,
• d) sodium alginates,
• e) brown algae meal and
• f.1) Wood fibers, especially short wood fibers, and
• f.2) Cellulose fibers, especially long cellulose fibers.

1. a) 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-% Kaliumhumate,
2. b) 2 bis 30 Gew.-% Pyrolysekohle,
3. c) 30 bis 80 Gew.-% Tonmineral,
4. d) 0,1 bis 6 Gew.-% Natriumalginate,
5. e) 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-% Braunalgenmehl und
6. f) 7 bis 70 Gew.-% Pflanzenfasern, insbesondere
   • f.1) 2 bis 30 Gew.-% Holzfasern und
   • f.2) 5 bis 40 Gew.-% Cellulosefasern,
   wobei sich alle Angaben in Gew.-% auf das Gesamtgewicht der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung beziehen.

In some embodiments of the composition according to the invention, the individual components can be used in the following proportions by weight, so that the composition comprises:

1. a) 0.1 to 5% by weight of potassium humates,
2. b) 2 to 30% by weight of pyrolysis coal,
3. c) 30 to 80% by weight of clay mineral,
4. d) 0.1 to 6% by weight of sodium alginates,
5. e) 0.1 to 10% by weight of brown algae meal and
6. f) 7 to 70% by weight of plant fibers, in particular
   • f.1) 2 to 30% by weight of wood fibers and
   • f.2) 5 to 40% by weight of cellulose fibers,
   whereby all information in % by weight relates to the total weight of the composition according to the invention.

1. a) 0,5 bis 3 Gew.-% Kaliumhumate,
2. b) 5 bis 20 Gew.-% Pyrolysekohle,
3. c) 40 bis 70 Gew.-% Tonmineral,
4. d) 0,5 bis 4 Gew.-% Natriumalginate,
5. e) 1 bis 7 Gew.-% Braunalgenmehl und
6. f) 15 bis 50 Gew.-% Pflanzenfasern, insbesondere
   • f.1) 5 bis 20 Gew.-% Holzfasern und
   • f.2) 10 bis 30 Gew.-% Cellulosefasern,
   wobei sich alle Angaben in Gew.-% auf das Gesamtgewicht der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung beziehen.

In some embodiments of the composition according to the invention, the individual components can be used in the following proportions by weight, so that the composition comprises:

1. a) 0.5 to 3% by weight of potassium humates,
2. b) 5 to 20% by weight of pyrolysis coal,
3. c) 40 to 70% by weight of clay mineral,
4. d) 0.5 to 4% by weight of sodium alginates,
5. e) 1 to 7% by weight of brown algae meal and
6. f) 15 to 50% by weight of plant fibers, in particular
   • f.1) 5 to 20% by weight of wood fibers and
   • f.2) 10 to 30% by weight of cellulose fibers,
   whereby all information in % by weight relates to the total weight of the composition according to the invention.

1. a) 1 bis 2 Gew.-% Kaliumhumate,
2. b) 10 bis 15 Gew.-% Pyrolysekohle,
3. c) 50 bis 60 Gew.-% Tonmineral,
4. d) 1 bis 3 Gew.-% Natriumalginate,
5. e) 2 bis 5 Gew.-% Braunalgenmehl und
6. f) 25 bis 40 Gew.-% Pflanzenfasern, insbesondere
   • f.1) 10 bis 15 Gew.-% Holzfasern und
   • f.2) 15 bis 25 Gew.-% Cellulosefasern,
   wobei sich alle Angaben in Gew.-% auf das Gesamtgewicht der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung beziehen.

In some embodiments of the composition according to the invention, the individual components can be used in the following proportions by weight, so that the composition comprises:

1. a) 1 to 2% by weight of potassium humates,
2. b) 10 to 15% by weight of pyrolysis coal,
3. c) 50 to 60% by weight of clay mineral,
4. d) 1 to 3% by weight of sodium alginates,
5. e) 2 to 5% by weight of brown algae meal and
6. f) 25 to 40% by weight of plant fibers, in particular
   • f.1) 10 to 15% by weight of wood fibers and
   • f.2) 15 to 25% by weight of cellulose fibers,
   whereby all information in % by weight relates to the total weight of the composition according to the invention.

The composition according to the invention can in particular be in the form of a homogeneous mixture. Homogeneous mixtures of the composition according to the invention can be produced, for example, using known eddy current processes. For this purpose, the individual components of the composition according to the invention are mixed homogeneously, for example, in a compulsory mixer. Conventional compulsory mixers, which are well known, can be used here. An example of a suitable compulsory mixer is the R15 compulsory mixer from Eirich. The components can be filled into the rotating container of the compulsory mixer, with the direction of rotation being either cocurrent or countercurrent.

The composition according to the invention for treating seeds can generally be used with any common type of seed. For example, the composition according to the invention can be used for dressing seeds. An example of this is in 6 shown. 6 shows a dressed individual seed (600). Here, the composition according to the invention was used to dress a single seed (404) with a seed body matrix (102).

In particular, the seeds for use with the composition according to the invention are cleaned seeds that have been manually and/or mechanically cleaned of weed seeds and other contaminants and, if necessary, sorted into uniform grain sizes. The methods used are those that are well known in the field of seed processing.

The seeds, in particular cleaned seeds, for use with the composition according to the invention can also be untreated or pre-treated seeds. Pretreated seeds include, for example, seeds whose surface has been treated with water and/or other substances well known in the field of seed processing. Pretreated seeds also include, for example, pelleted seeds.

The composition according to the invention for treating seeds is particularly suitable for use with forest seeds.

The composition according to the invention is particularly suitable for incorporating the seeds into the composition, in particular for incorporating them by means of build-up agglomeration on a pelletizing plate.

All substances used in the composition according to the invention, alone and in combination, can be harmless for introduction into the environment, in particular all substances used in the composition according to the invention can be ecologically harmless in the forest. The composition according to the invention can be composed in such a way that it does not contain any substances which, alone or in combination, promote ingestion by animals or enable or promote the growth of harmful fungi.

One or more common additives can additionally be added to the composition according to the invention in order to achieve a specific adaptation to the specific requirement profile of the intended application of the composition according to the invention, for example one or more biostimulating substances, which in particular increase the germination rate of seeds and a faster symbiosis with microorganisms and soil fungi.

The composition according to the invention can be used extremely flexibly, since a targeted adaptation of the individual components and in particular their exact concentrations makes an individual adaptation to the specific requirement profile of the desired application, i.e. in particular the seeds to be treated, possible. However, the composition according to the invention can not only be adapted to the specific seed to be treated, but rather enables further explicit adaptation to the specific sowing conditions envisaged, such as area size, soil quality and general climatic conditions, with particular consideration of the season.

1. a) Bereitstellen der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung,
2. b) Bereitstellen von Saatgut,
3. c) Zusammenführen der Zusammensetzung und des Saatguts, und
4. d) Bilden eines oder mehrerer Saatkörper, in denen das Saatgut in eine die Zusammensetzung enthaltende Saatkörper-Matrix eingebunden ist.

In a further aspect, the invention provides a method for producing one or more seed bodies, in particular one or more seed bodies containing forest seeds, which method comprises the following steps:

1. a) providing the composition according to the invention,
2. b) providing seeds,
3. c) combining the composition and the seeds, and
4. d) Forming one or more seed bodies in which the seed is integrated into a seed body matrix containing the composition.

In general, any common type of seed can be used in the method according to the invention, including the cleaned and/or untreated or pretreated seed described above. In particular, forest seeds and seeds of shrubby or herbaceous plants can be used in the method according to the invention. In addition, the seeds used in the method according to the invention can be additionally or alternatively moistened.

In the process according to the invention, a so-called swelling of the composition according to the invention can also take place. The composition according to the invention absorbs moisture in particular. For swelling, water or an aqueous solution can be added to the composition according to the invention and the resulting aqueous composition can be left at rest for a certain time. In particular, 10 to 60% by weight of water or an aqueous solution can be added to the composition according to the invention for swelling, in particular 15 to 50% by weight, in particular 25 to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition according to the invention. In particular, the resulting aqueous composition can be left to swell for 1 to 600 minutes, in particular 2 to 120 minutes, in particular 3 to 30 minutes. In particular, the swelling of the composition according to the invention can take place after providing it in step (a) or after combining it with the seeds in step (c).

The composition can swell, for example, in a compulsory mixer. In particular, in a compulsory mixer, water or an aqueous solution can be added dropwise over a defined period of time, in particular over a period of 1 to 600 seconds, in particular over a period of 20 to 200 seconds, in particular over a period of 30 to 10 seconds. Granules can be obtained by swelling the composition in a compulsory mixer.

The combination of the composition and the seeds in step (c) can be carried out, for example, in a compulsory mixer of the type described above. In this case, there is generally no prior swelling of the composition according to the invention, so that better miscibility of seeds and the composition according to the invention can be achieved. Merging in the dry state is particularly suitable for very small seeds, since these are generally suitable for being able to form homogeneous mixtures and/or granules with the composition according to the invention.

Swelling of the composition according to the invention after the composition and the seeds have been combined in step (c) can also take place in a compulsory mixer. If the combination of the composition and the seeds in step (c) has already taken place in a compulsory mixer, all components can remain in the compulsory mixer and the swelling can take place in the same compulsory mixer. This enables a particularly efficient way of conducting the process.

Alternatively or additionally, the combination of the composition and the seeds can also be effected using other means, for example on a pelletizing plate. This is particularly suitable if larger seeds are to be used. If small seeds and larger seeds are used together, the composition according to the invention can first be combined with the small seeds in a dry state, for example in a compulsory mixer, and only then can they be combined with the larger seeds using other means, for example on a pelletizing plate. An example of this can be found in 3 . Here, using the method according to the invention, a seed pellet (300) was produced, in which, in addition to a very small seed (101), larger individual seeds (304) were also integrated into the seed pellet matrix (102).

In addition or as an alternative to a compulsory mixer, the combining in step (c), in particular after prior swelling of the composition according to the invention, can take place, for example on a pelletizing plate. In particular, the merging in step (c) can be carried out by adding the seeds to the composition located on the inclined and rotating pelletizing plate. An example of a suitable pelletizing plate is the TR10 pelletizing plate from Eirich. A suitable inclination of the pelletizing plate can be 40 to 60 degrees. A suitable rotation of the pelletizing plate can be 12 to 20 rpm.

Such pelletizing plates are also suitable for forming one or more seed bodies in one step (d) suitable. Alternatively or additionally, the formation of one or more seed bodies in step (d) can also be effected using other known means. If one or more seed bodies are formed in step (d) on a pelletizing plate, the successive build-up is based on the well-known principle of build-up agglomeration. During build-up agglomeration, larger agglomerates are formed by the rolling movements of the starting particles. This form of material structure is evident to those skilled in the art in the structure of the resulting agglomerates/pellets. A suitable inclination of the pelletizing plate can be 40 to 60 degrees. A suitable rotation of the pelletizing plate can be 12 to 20 rpm.

When forming one or more seed bodies in step (d) on a pelletizing plate, the agglomeration process and its speed and thus the formation of the agglomeration pellets, i.e. the seed pellets/seed bodies, can be controlled by the targeted addition of water or an aqueous solution A flow of material can form on the plate, with the even finer parts remaining at the bottom of the plate. By adding water or an aqueous solution to this fine material, this fine material can be gradually incorporated into the material flow so that the pellets can form via the agglomeration structure.

By adding a further composition which differs from the composition according to the invention provided in step (a), a further layer which differs from the seed body matrix can be integrated into the seed pellet by means of build-up agglomeration. Even if the further composition differs from the composition provided in step (a), the further composition can also be a composition according to the invention. An example of this can be found in 5 . Here, using the method according to the invention, a seed pellet (500) was produced, into which an additional functional layer (506) was integrated, which surrounds the seed body matrix (102). Such a functional layer (506) can, for example, additionally contain substances that deter mice or birds.

When forming one or more seed bodies in step (d) on a pelletizing plate, the build-up agglomeration can be stopped by so-called powdering. For this purpose, a so-called powdering composition can be added. In particular, the powdering composition can be a dry composition; The one or more seed bodies can thus receive a dry surface, whereby the build-up agglomeration can be stopped.

The powdering composition can be a composition according to the invention. In particular, the powdering composition and the composition provided in step (a) can be the same. In this case, the seed pellet does not have a differentiable outer layer. The seed body matrix forms the surface of the seed body. Examples of this can be found in 1 and 2 . Here, using the method according to the invention, seed pellets were produced which do not have any differentiable outer layers.

However, the powdering composition and the composition provided in step (a) can also be different. In this case, the seed pellet may have a differentiable outer layer. The seed body matrix does not form the surface of the seed body, but an outer layer of the powdering composition may be formed on the surface of the seed body. Examples of this can be found in 3 until 5 and 7 . Here, seed pellets (300, 400, 500, 700) which have differentiable outer layers (305, 705) were produced using the method according to the invention. In the specific example of 7 In step (a), a long plant fiber composition with an average length of more than 120 pm (703) was provided. The long plant fibers (703) are located in the seed body matrix (102). The powder composition, on the other hand, contained short plant fibers with an average length of less than 120 μm (not shown). The short plant fibers are in the outer layer (705).

The seed bodies produced using the process according to the invention can also be dried very quickly and gently. Drying is particularly useful if the seeds are to be stored first and are not intended for immediate sowing. The drying should take place under the gentlest conditions possible, in particular to avoid early germination of the seeds during the drying process. Appropriate drying can take place at temperatures of 20 to 40 °C. The seed bodies can be dried in particular up to 3 to 20% by weight of residual moisture, in particular up to 5 to 15% by weight of residual moisture, in particular up to 6 to 12% by weight of residual moisture, all information being in weight. -% refer to the total weight of the seed bodies. Drying can take place, for example, over a period of 5 hours to 3 days.

The method according to the invention can be used extremely flexibly because it is as Batch process can be carried out. This means that the individual process steps can be easily adapted depending on the requirements profile of the specifically desired product, ie the treated seeds. However, the method according to the invention can not only be adapted to the specific seeds used therein, but rather enables further specific adaptation to the specific sowing conditions envisaged, such as area size, soil quality and general climatic conditions, with particular consideration of the season.

In one embodiment, for example, particularly large or misshapen seeds with protruding components, such as maple seeds with wings, or seeds that are difficult to incorporate into seed bodies due to their shape or their oily, terpene-containing or hydrophobic surface, such as fir seeds, can be incorporated by the controllable Adhesive function of the composition according to the invention can be stained ( 6 ). Thanks to their controllable adhesive function, the compositions according to the invention can also be used with seeds that are usually difficult to treat.

In a further embodiment, for example, germination can be accelerated and optimized by dosing biostimulants. More biostimulants can be added in the spring than when sowing in the fall, since the seeds should be left over the winter when sown in the fall, while germination should begin as quickly as possible in the spring. In addition, depending on the season, colonization with symbiosis partners can be optimized via the brown algae meal concentration in the composition.

In a further embodiment, for example, when using a pelletizing plate for build-up agglomeration, larger calibers can be built up by the targeted addition of moisture than are accessible with known methods. In such larger calibers, for example, 30-80 small tree-like and/or shrub-like pioneer seeds, such as birch seeds, or 50-200 herbaceous plant seeds can be incorporated. This allows clump-like sowing to be achieved. An example of this is in 3 shown.

The composition according to the invention and the method according to the invention for treating seeds are coordinated with one another in such a way that the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for treating seeds with the composition according to the invention and the composition according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in the method according to the invention for treating seeds .

In particular, the method according to the invention enables specific seeds that are covered with natural fibers, such as fine hairs and/or wings, e.g. seeds of willow, birch and/or willowherb, to be incorporated into the desired product together with these natural fibers. These natural fibers, which are often cotton-like, bind a lot of moisture and are therefore the main disruptive factor for controlled agglomeration. In order to enable material flow on the pelletizing plate, for example when using a pelletizing plate, it may be necessary to add significant amounts of water or aqueous solutions. This moisture should then be removed by drying as quickly as possible if early germination is to be prevented. At the same time, depending on the seed, drying may only be carried out at a temperature of up to 40 °C, for example, or sometimes only up to 20 °C, in order not to damage or even kill sensitive seeds. In particular, the compositions according to the invention, in particular using the method according to the invention, make it possible to treat such seeds that are usually difficult to treat.

Furthermore, the composition according to the invention in particular ensures an extremely rapid transfer of moisture in the treated seeds under gentle conditions, which ensures rapid and/or gentle re-drying of the seeds during the drying step of the method according to the invention (right arrow, 8th ), which in turn prevents early and undesirable seed germination.

The targeted adaptation of the individual components and in particular their exact concentrations in the composition according to the invention in combination with the targeted adaptation of the individual process steps of the process according to the invention enable the provision of treated seeds with tailor-made properties for the specifically desired requirement profile, such as type of seed, area size, Soil conditions and general climatic conditions with particular consideration of the season. In other words, the present invention, in particular the combination of the composition according to the invention and the method according to the invention for treating seeds, provides a maximum of flexibility and specificity.

In a further aspect, the invention provides seed bodies comprising a seed body matrix and Seeds, in particular forest seeds or seeds of shrubby and herbaceous plants, wherein the seeds are incorporated into the seed body matrix which comprises the composition according to the invention. The seed bodies according to the invention can in particular be produced by means of the method according to the invention described herein.

In particular, the seed body matrix of the seed body according to the invention can consist of the composition according to the invention for treating seeds.

In particular, the seed body matrix can surround, i.e. completely enclose, the seed in the seed bodies according to the invention, so that the entire surface of the seed in the seed body according to the invention is covered by the seed body matrix. For integration of the seed into the seed body matrix in the sense of the present invention, such complete enclosing is not absolutely necessary, since in some cases it may be sufficient for only part of the surface of the seed in the seed body according to the invention to be covered by the seed body matrix is covered to ensure that the seed cannot be removed from the seed body matrix without damaging the integrity of the seed body matrix.

The seed body according to the invention can contain one or more further layers in addition to the seed body matrix. An example of this can be found in 5 . A seed body (500) according to the invention is shown here, which contains an additional functional layer (506) and an outer layer (305) which surround the seed body matrix (102). Such a functional layer (506) and/or outer layer (305) can, for example, additionally contain substances that deter mice or birds.

The seed bodies according to the invention can in particular have a grain size of 0.1 mm to 100 mm, in particular from 0.5 mm to 50 mm, in particular from 1 mm to 35 mm, determined by sieving. The screening can be carried out manually and/or mechanically, in particular with grain sizes of 0.1 to 1.4 mm, 1.4 to 1.6 mm, 1.6 to 2.25 mm, 2.25 to 5, 0 mm, from 5.0 to 10.0 mm, from 10.0 to 20.0 mm, from 20.0 to 50.0 mm and/or from 50.0 to 100.0 mm.

The seed body matrix comprising the composition according to the invention can react to moisture in a controlled manner and enable rapid moisture transfer in the seed bodies according to the invention. An adjustment of the reaction to moisture and an adjustment of the moisture transfer in the seed bodies according to the invention can be achieved via targeted adjustments of the individual components and in particular their exact concentrations in the composition according to the invention and/or via targeted adjustments of the individual process steps of the method according to the invention. The response to moisture can be adjusted, for example, via the ratio of clay mineral to plant fibers and can be influenced by the duration and amount of moisture used, for example during the agglomeration process on a pelletizing plate. In addition, the response to moisture can be achieved via a special composition of the outer shell, e.g. through outer shells that contain hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).

On the one hand, an efficient moisture transfer through the seed body matrix comprising the composition according to the invention can be conducive to rapid re-drying of the seeds during the possible drying step of the method according to the invention (right arrow, 8th ), as this can prevent premature and undesirable germination of the seeds during the production of the seed bodies. On the other hand, efficient moisture transfer through the seed body matrix after sowing, e.g. during rainfall, can ensure an effective germination rate, as the presence of water can be conducive to effective seed germination (left arrow, 8th ).

The seed bodies according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that, as a specific reaction to moisture, the seed body matrix comprising the composition according to the invention can be broken up. In other words, the seed body matrix may have a moisture-induced explosive or disintegration effect. This can be particularly beneficial after sowing, as the germs that grow in the presence of moisture can die if the breakup of the seed body matrix is delayed for too long. For example, the homogeneous incorporation of cellulose fibers into the seed body matrix can transport moisture from the inside, away from the seed for quick and gentle drying, as well as inwards towards the seed. If the seed pellet comes into contact with dew, rain or snow after sowing, this moisture can be homogeneously absorbed into the seed body matrix, transported to the seed and stimulate germination there, at the right temperature. By using two- and three-layer clay minerals and cotton-like cellulose fibers, additional water storage capacity can be achieved and a high swelling capacity of the clay mineral can be ensured.

The combination of substances used in the composition according to the invention, which is located in the seed body matrix, can ensure optimization of germination in the seed bodies according to the invention and promote growth.

The seed bodies according to the invention can be particularly suitable for sowing by means of air delivery without damaging the seeds, in particular for forestry seeds. In particular, the seed bodies according to the invention can be suitable for sowing by means of aerial delivery by drone. Suitable drones are known. In principle, sowing can be carried out with all drones that have a factory-fitted dropping mechanism for seeds or pellets that is suitable for dropping pellets. For example, the Agras T30 drone from DJI can be used. In addition, drones with a sufficient load capacity can be used, to which a pellet dropping mechanism can be attached. Sufficient load capacity means that the drone can carry the dropping mechanism and additional seeds or pellets in sufficient quantities for the planned sowing and therefore depends on the user and their wishes. An example is the Alta X drone from Freefly Systems with a maximum load capacity of 15.9 kg.

Various studies have shown that the seeds of the seed bodies according to the invention not only remain capable of germinating even after sowing by means of air application, but also show optimized germination and growth rates.

Particularly due to the nature of the composition according to the invention, the seed bodies according to the invention can still have a low weight despite having a relatively high material structure. This includes, among other things, the advantage that sowing can be made highly efficient. Particularly when sowing by means of air delivery by drone, a very high area performance of the drone can be achieved per filling.

The seed bodies according to the invention can also be suitable for conventional sowing, for example hand sowing, machine sowing, horse sowing, wet sowing, wet sowing, hydroseeding or spray greening.

1. a) sehr kleines, leichtes, empfindliches und/oder unförmiges Saatgut, wie dies vielmals für Forstsaatgut sowie Saatgut krautiger und strauchiger Pflanzen der Fall ist, gleichmäßig in einen maschinenverarbeitbaren Saatkörper einzubinden,
2. b) eine Produktion im Batch-Verfahren bereitzustellen, die auf die jeweilige Fläche angepasst werden kann, insbesondere deren Größe, Bodenbeschaffenheit, klimatische Umgebung und weitergehende Anforderungen,
3. c) Saatkörper bereitzustellen, die Mischungen von Saaten enthalten, insbesondere homogene Mischungen von Saaten,
4. d) Saatkörper bereitzustellen, die kalibrierbar sind,
5. e) Saatkörper bereitzustellen, die über einen erheblichen Zeitraum Feuchtigkeit speichern können und so insbesondere die Keimung fördern können,
6. f) Saatkörper bereitzustellen, die kontrolliert auf Feuchtigkeit reagieren und einen schnellen Feuchtigkeitstransfer ermöglichen können, insbesondere eine schnelle, schonende Rücktrocknung der Saaten,
7. g) Saatkörper bereitzustellen, die kontrolliert auf Feuchtigkeit reagieren und ein schnelles Freigeben der Samen bei Feuchtigkeit, z.B. bei Niederschlag, durch Sprengwirkung ermöglichen können,
8. h) Saatkörper bereitzustellen, deren Abdrift in der Luft bei Aussaat mittels Luftbringung durch Anpassung ihres Gewichts je nach Flächenanforderungen verändert werden kann, wodurch insbesondere entweder eine punktuelle oder eine flächige Aussaat erreicht werden kann,
9. i) Saatkörper bereitzustellen, die vor Fraß durch Vögel, Mäuse und Schnecken geschützt sein können,
10. j) Saatkörper bereitzustellen, die die Keimung der Saaten, insbesondere Forstsaaten, optimieren und das Anwachsen fördern können, und
11. k) Saatkörper bereitzustellen, die biostimulierende Substanzen enthalten, die insbesondere die Keimrate zusätzlich steigern und eine schnellere Symbiose mit Mikroorganismen und Bodenpilzen erreichen können.

The present invention thus enables:

1. a) to incorporate very small, light, sensitive and/or misshapen seeds, as is often the case with forestry seeds and seeds of herbaceous and shrubby plants, evenly into a machine-processable seed body,
2. b) to provide batch production that can be adapted to the respective area, in particular its size, soil quality, climatic environment and further requirements,
3. c) to provide seed bodies which contain mixtures of seeds, in particular homogeneous mixtures of seeds,
4. d) to provide seed bodies that can be calibrated,
5. e) to provide seed bodies that can store moisture over a considerable period of time and can thus promote germination in particular,
6. f) to provide seed bodies that react to moisture in a controlled manner and can enable rapid moisture transfer, in particular rapid, gentle re-drying of the seeds,
7. g) to provide seed bodies that react in a controlled manner to moisture and can enable the seeds to be released quickly in the event of moisture, for example in the event of precipitation, by explosive action,
8. h) to provide seed bodies whose drift in the air can be changed when sowing by means of air delivery by adjusting their weight depending on the area requirements, whereby in particular either spot or area sowing can be achieved,
9. i) to provide seed bodies that can be protected from being eaten by birds, mice and snails,
10. j) to provide seed bodies that can optimize the germination of seeds, especially forest seeds, and promote growth, and
11. k) to provide seed bodies that contain biostimulating substances, which in particular can additionally increase the germination rate and achieve a faster symbiosis with microorganisms and soil fungi.

Examples

• Beispiel 1 - Zusammensetzung zur Behandlung von Saatgut:
  • Es wurde eine Zusammensetzung zur Behandlung von Saatgut hergestellt, wobei die Zusammensetzung bestand aus 1,0 Gew.-% Kaliumhumate mit einem Schüttgewicht von 0,583 kg/L, 15,0 Gew.-% Pyrolysekohle mit einem Schüttgewicht von 0,227 kg/L, 50,0 Gew.-% Tonminerale mit einem Schüttgewicht von 0,745 kg/L, 1,0 Gew.-% Natriumalginate mit einem Schüttgewicht von 0,510 kg/L, 2,0 Gew.-% Braunalgenmehl mit einem Schüttgewicht von 0,440 kg/L, 14,0 Gew.-% Holzfasern mit einem Schüttgewicht von 0,183 kg/L und 17,0 Gew.-% Cellulosefasern mit einem Schüttgewicht von 0,132 kg/l, wobei sich alle Angaben in Gew.-% auf das Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung beziehen. Hierzu wurden 0,5 kg der Kaliumhumate, 7,5 kg der Pyrolysekohle, 25,0 kg der Tonminerale, 0,5 kg der Natriumalginate, 1,0 kg des Braunalgenmehls, 7,0 kg der Holzfasern und 8,5 kg der Cellulosefasern in den drehenden Behälter eines R15-Zwangsmischers der Firma Eirich gegeben und so lange im Gegenstrom gemischt bis eine homogene Mischung vorlag. Die resultierende Zusammensetzung wurde isoliert.
• Beispiel 2 - Saatkörper:
  • Es wurden Weißtannensamen (Abies Alba) mit der Zusammensetzung aus Beispiel 1 behandelt. Hierzu wurden 25,0 kg der Zusammensetzung aus Beispiel 1 in einen Produktionsmischer R08W (Eirich) mit einem rotierenden Mischbehälter mit exzentrisch angeordnetem, schnell drehendem, laufrichtungsvariablen Mischwerkzeug und feststehenden Wand- und Bodenabstreifer gegeben. Der Produktionsmischer hatte ein Fassungsvermögen von 75 L/120 kg, einen Mischbehälterdurchmesser von 80 cm, eine Antriebsleistung des Mischbehälters von bis zu 3 kW, eine Antriebsleistung des Mischwerkzeugs von bis zu 24 kW und die Funktion einer stufenlos regelbaren Geschwindigkeit des Mischbehälters und Mischwerkzeugs. Zunächst wurde die Zusammensetzung für 1 Minute, bei einer Geschwindigkeit des Wirblers von 20 m/s, einer Geschwindigkeit des Behälters von 1 m/s, im Gegenstrom (GGS) gemischt. Danach wurde die Zusammensetzung angefeuchtet. Hierzu wurden über 2 Minuten, bei einer Geschwindigkeit des Wirblers von 20 m/s, einer Geschwindigkeit des Behälters von 1 m/s, im Gegenstrom (GGS), manuelle 9000 ml Wasser zugegeben. Danach wurde die Zusammensetzung verdichtet und granuliert. Hierzu wurde der Produktionsmischer für 5 Minuten auf eine Geschwindigkeit des Wirblers von 20m/s, eine Geschwindigkeit des Behälters von 1m/s, im Gegenstrom (GGS) eingestellt. Die Zusammensetzung wurde auf einen Pelletierteller TR10 (Eirich) mit feststehendem Bodenabstreifer, rotierendem Umlenker und Flüssigkeitseindüsung übergeben. Der Pelletierteller hatte einen Tellerdurchmesser von 100 cm, eine stufenlos regelbare Drehzahl des Tellers und eine Antriebsleistung des Tellers von bis zu 1,1 kW. Die Weißtannensamen (Abies Alba) wurden hinzugefügt. Daraufhin erfolgte die Pelletierung auf dem Teller unter Zugabe von insgesamt 10 L Wasser über Sprühdüsen bei einer Tellerneigung von 50 Grad und einer Rotationsgeschwindigkeit von 14 rpm, bis sämtliches Material zu Pellets agglomeriert war. Die resultierenden Saatkörper wurden isoliert.

The following exemplary embodiments are intended to contribute to the understanding of the present invention, but are not intended to limit it in any way:

• Example 1 - Composition for treating seeds:
  • A composition for treating seeds was prepared, the composition consisting of 1.0% by weight potassium humates with a bulk density of 0.583 kg/L, 15.0% by weight of pyrolysis coal with a bulk density of 0.227 kg/L, 50.0% by weight of clay minerals with a bulk density of 0.745 kg/L, 1.0% by weight of sodium alginates with a bulk density of 0.510 kg/L, 2.0% by weight of brown algae flour with a bulk density of 0.440 kg/L, 14.0% by weight of wood fibers with a bulk density of 0.183 kg/L and 17.0% by weight of cellulose fibers with a bulk density of 0.132 kg/l, whereby all information in percent by weight refers to the total weight of the composition. For this purpose, 0.5 kg of potassium humates, 7.5 kg of pyrolysis coal, 25.0 kg of clay minerals, 0.5 kg of sodium alginates, 1.0 kg of brown algae flour, 7.0 kg of wood fibers and 8.5 kg of cellulose fibers were used placed in the rotating container of an R15 compulsory mixer from Eirich and mixed in countercurrent until a homogeneous mixture was obtained. The resulting composition was isolated.
• Example 2 - Seed Body:
  • Silver fir seeds (Abies Alba) were treated with the composition from Example 1. For this purpose, 25.0 kg of the composition from Example 1 were placed in a production mixer R08W (Eirich) with a rotating mixing container with an eccentrically arranged, rapidly rotating, variable-direction mixing tool and fixed wall and floor scrapers. The production mixer had a capacity of 75 L/120 kg, a mixing container diameter of 80 cm, a driving power of the mixing container of up to 3 kW, a driving power of the mixing tool of up to 24 kW and the function of an infinitely variable speed of the mixing container and mixing tool. First, the composition was mixed in countercurrent (GGS) for 1 minute at a vortex speed of 20 m/s and a container speed of 1 m/s. The composition was then moistened. For this purpose, 9000 ml of water were manually added over 2 minutes, at a speed of the swirler of 20 m/s and a speed of the container of 1 m/s, in countercurrent (GGS). The composition was then compacted and granulated. For this purpose, the production mixer was set to a swirler speed of 20m/s and a container speed of 1m/s in countercurrent (GGS) for 5 minutes. The composition was transferred to a TR10 pelletizing plate (Eirich) with a fixed bottom scraper, rotating diverter and liquid injection. The pelletizing plate had a plate diameter of 100 cm, an infinitely variable speed of the plate and a drive power of the plate of up to 1.1 kW. The silver fir seeds (Abies Alba) have been added. Pelletization then took place on the plate with the addition of a total of 10 L of water via spray nozzles at a plate inclination of 50 degrees and a rotation speed of 14 rpm until all of the material had agglomerated into pellets. The resulting seed bodies were isolated.

Embodiments

1. 1. Zusammensetzung zur Behandlung von Saatgut umfassend:
   1. a) Kaliumhumate,
   2. b) Pyrolysekohle,
   3. c) Tonmineral,
   4. d) Natriumalginate,
   5. e) Braunalgenmehl und
   6. f) Pflanzenfasern.
2. 2. Zusammensetzung nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 1, wobei die Pflanzenfasern eine durchschnittliche Länge > 120 µm, insbesondere > 150 µm, insbesondere > 180 µm, insbesondere > 210 µm, insbesondere > 250 µm, insbesondere > 300 µm, aufweisen oder wobei die Pflanzenfasern eine durchschnittliche Länge ≤ 120 µm, insbesondere < 100 µm, insbesondere < 80 µm, insbesondere < 60 µm, insbesondere < 40 µm, insbesondere < 20 µm, aufweisen.
3. 3. Zusammensetzung nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 1 oder 2, wobei die Pflanzenfasern mindestens einen ersten Anteil Pflanzenfasern und einen zweiten Anteil Pflanzenfasern umfassen, wobei der erste Anteil Pflanzenfasern und der zweite Anteil Pflanzenfasern unterschiedlich sind.
4. 4. Zusammensetzung nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 3, wobei der erste Anteil Pflanzenfasern eine durchschnittliche Länge > 120 µm, insbesondere > 150 µm, insbesondere > 180 µm, insbesondere > 210 µm, insbesondere > 250 µm, insbesondere > 300 µm, aufweist und/oder der zweite Anteil Pflanzenfasern eine durchschnittliche Länge ≤ 120 µm, insbesondere < 100 µm, insbesondere < 80 µm, insbesondere < 60 µm, insbesondere < 40 µm, insbesondere < 20 µm, aufweist.
5. 5. Zusammensetzung nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 1 bis 4, wobei die Pflanzenfasern Holzfasern, Cellulosefasern oder Mischungen davon umfassen.
6. 6. Zusammensetzung nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 5, wobei die Pflanzenfasern aus Holzfasern, Cellulosefasern oder Mischungen davon bestehen.
7. 7. Zusammensetzung nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 5 oder 6, wobei die Holzfasern eine durchschnittliche Länge ≤ 120 µm aufweisen und die Cellulosefasern eine durchschnittliche Länge > 120 µm aufweisen.
8. 8. Zusammensetzung nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 1 bis 7 umfassend:
   1. a) 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-% Kaliumhumate,
   2. b) 2 bis 30 Gew.-% Pyrolysekohle,
   3. c) 30 bis 80 Gew.-% Tonmineral,
   4. d) 0,1 bis 6 Gew.-% Natriumalginate,
   5. e) 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-% Braunalgenmehl und
   6. f) 7 bis 70 Gew.-% Pflanzenfasern, insbesondere
      • f.1) 2 bis 30 Gew.-% Holzfasern und
      • f.2) 5 bis 40 Gew.-% Cellulosefasern,
      wobei sich alle Angaben in Gew.-% auf das Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung beziehen.
9. 9. Zusammensetzung nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 8 umfassend:
   1. a) 0,5 bis 3 Gew.-% Kaliumhumate,
   2. b) 5 bis 20 Gew.-% Pyrolysekohle,
   3. c) 40 bis 70 Gew.-% Tonmineral,
   4. d) 0,5 bis 4 Gew.-% Natriumalginate,
   5. e) 1 bis 7 Gew.-% Braunalgenmehl und
   6. f) 15 bis 50 Gew.-% Pflanzenfasern, insbesondere
      • f.1) 5 bis 20 Gew.-% Holzfasern und
      • f.2) 10 bis 30 Gew.-% Cellulosefasern,
      wobei sich alle Angaben in Gew.-% auf das Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung beziehen.
10. 10. Zusammensetzung nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 9 umfassend:
    1. a) 1 bis 2 Gew.-% Kaliumhumate,
    2. b) 10 bis 15 Gew.-% Pyrolysekohle,
    3. c) 50 bis 60 Gew.-% Tonmineral,
    4. d) 1 bis 3 Gew.-% Natriumalginate,
    5. e) 2 bis 5 Gew.-% Braunalgenmehl und
    6. f) 25 bis 40 Gew.-% Pflanzenfasern, insbesondere
       • f.1) 10 bis 15 Gew.-% Holzfasern und
       • f.2) 15 bis 25 Gew.-% Cellulosefasern,
       wobei sich alle Angaben in Gew.-% auf das Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung beziehen.
11. 11. Zusammensetzung nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 1 bis 10, wobei die Behandlung von Saatgut ein Einbinden des Saatguts in die Zusammensetzung umfasst, insbesondere ein Einbinden mittels Aufbauagglomeration auf einem Pelletierteller.
12. 12. Zusammensetzung nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 1 bis 11, wobei das Saatgut Forstsaatgut umfasst, insbesondere Forstsaatgut ist.
13. 13. Verwendung der Zusammensetzung gemäß einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 1 bis 12 zur Behandlung von Saatgut.
14. 14. Verwendung nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 13, wobei die Behandlung von Saatgut ein Einbinden des Saatguts in die Zusammensetzung umfasst, insbesondere ein Einbinden mittels Aufbauagglomeration auf einem Pelletierteller.
15. 15. Verwendung nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 13 oder 14, wobei das Saatgut Forstsaatgut umfasst, insbesondere Forstsaatgut ist.
16. 16. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines oder mehrerer Saatkörper umfassend die Schritte:
    1. a) Bereitstellen der Zusammensetzung gemäß einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 1 bis 12,
    2. b) Bereitstellen von Saatgut,
    3. c) Zusammenführen der Zusammensetzung und des Saatguts, und
    4. d) Bilden eines oder mehrerer Saatkörper, in denen das Saatgut in eine die Zusammensetzung enthaltende Saatkörper-Matrix eingebunden ist.
17. 17. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 16, wobei das in Schritt (b) bereitgestellte Saatgut angefeuchtetes und/oder vorbehandeltes Saatgut ist.
18. 18. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 16 oder 17, wobei die Zusammensetzung nach dem Bereitstellen in Schritt (a) oder nach dem Zusammenführen mit dem Saatgut in Schritt (c) zum Anquellen mit Wasser oder einer wässrigen Lösung versetzt wird.
19. 19. Verfahren nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 16 bis 18, wobei das Zusammenführen in Schritt (c) auf einem Pelletierteller oder in einem Zwangsmischer erfolgt.
20. 20. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 19, wobei das Zusammenführen in Schritt (c) auf einem Pelletierteller durch Zugabe des Saatgutes zu der auf dem geneigten und rotierenden Pelletierteller befindlichen Zusammensetzung erfolgt.
21. 21. Verfahren nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 16 bis 20, wobei mindestens ein Teil des Bildens eines oder mehrerer Saatkörper in Schritt (d) auf einem Pelletierteller erfolgt.
22. 22. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 21, wobei das Bilden eines oder mehrerer Saatkörper in Schritt (d) mittels Aufbauagglomeration auf dem Pelletierteller erfolgt.
23. 23. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 22, wobei das Bilden eines oder mehrerer Saatkörper in Schritt (d) mittels Aufbauagglomeration auf dem Pelletierteller unter Zugabe von Wasser oder einer wässrigen Lösung erfolgt.
24. 24. Verfahren nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 21 bis 23, wobei die Aufbauagglomeration auf dem Pelletierteller zum Bilden eines oder mehrerer Saatkörper in Schritt (d) durch Zugabe einer Abpuderzusammensetzung gestoppt wird.
25. 25. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 24, wobei die Abpuderzusammensetzung eine Zusammensetzung gemäß einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 1 bis 12 ist.
26. 26. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 25, wobei die Abpuderzusammensetzung und die in Schritt (a) bereitgestellte Zusammensetzung gleich sind.
27. 27. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 24 oder 25, wobei die Abpuderzusammensetzung und die in Schritt (a) bereitgestellte Zusammensetzung unterschiedlich sind.
28. 28. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 27, wobei die in Schritt (a) bereitgestellte Zusammensetzung Pflanzenfasern mit einer durchschnittlichen Länge > 120 µm umfasst und die Abpuderzusammensetzung Pflanzenfasern mit einer durchschnittlichen Länge ≤ 120 µm umfasst.
29. 29. Verfahren nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 16 bis 28, wobei der eine oder die mehreren Saatkörper nach dem Bilden in Schritt (d) getrocknet werden.
30. 30. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 29, wobei der eine oder die mehreren Saatkörper bei 20 bis 40 °C über einen Zeitraum von 5 Stunden bis 3 Tagen getrocknet werden.
31. 31. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 29 oder 30, wobei der eine oder die mehreren Saatkörper auf 3 bis 20 Gew.-% Restfeuchte, insbesondere 5 bis 15 Gew.-% Restfeuchte, insbesondere 6 bis 12 Gew.-% Restfeuchte, getrocknet werden, wobei sich alle Angaben in Gew.-% auf das Gesamtgewicht der Saatkörper beziehen.
32. 32. Verfahren nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 16 bis 31, wobei das Saatgut Forstsaatgut umfasst, insbesondere Forstsaatgut ist.
33. 33. Saatkörper umfassend Saatgut und eine Saatkörper-Matrix, die die Zusammensetzung gemäß einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 1 bis 12 umfasst, wobei das Saatgut in die Saatkörper-Matrix eingebunden ist.
34. 34. Saatkörper nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 33, wobei der Saatkörper nach dem Verfahren gemäß einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 16 bis 32 herstellbar ist.
35. 35. Saatkörper nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 33 oder 34, wobei die Saatkörper-Matrix aus der Zusammensetzung gemäß einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 1 bis 12 besteht.
36. 36. Saatkörper nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 33 bis 35, wobei die Saatkörper-Matrix das Saatgut umgibt.
37. 37. Saatkörper nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 33 bis 36, wobei der Saatkörper ferner eine Außenschicht umfasst, die die Saatkörper-Matrix umgibt, wobei die Außenschicht und die Saatkörper-Matrix unterschiedlich sind.
38. 38. Saatkörper nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 37, wobei die Außenschicht eine Zusammensetzung gemäß einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 1 bis 12 umfasst.
39. 39. Saatkörper nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 38, wobei die Außenschicht aus einer Zusammensetzung gemäß einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 1 bis 12 besteht.
40. 40. Saatkörper nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 37 bis 39, wobei die Saatkörper-Matrix Pflanzenfasern mit einer durchschnittlichen Länge > 120 µm umfasst und die Außenschicht Pflanzenfasern mit einer durchschnittlichen Länge ≤ 120 µm umfasst.
41. 41. Saatkörper nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 33 bis 40, wobei das Saatgut eine Einzelsaat, eine Vielzahl gleicher Saaten oder eine Vielzahl verschiedener Saaten ist.
42. 42. Saatkörper nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 41, wobei das Saatgut eine Kleinstsaat umfasst, insbesondere eine Kleinstsaat ist.
43. 43. Saatkörper nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 33 bis 42, wobei der Saatkörper eine Korngröße von 0,1 mm bis 100 mm aufweist, insbesondere von 0,5 mm bis 50 mm, insbesondere von 1 mm bis 35 mm.
44. 44. Saatkörper nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 33 bis 43, wobei der Saatkörper mittels Luftbringung ausgebracht werden kann.
45. 45. Saatkörper nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 44, wobei der Saatkörper mittels Luftbringung per Drohne ausgebracht werden kann.
46. 46. Saatkörper nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 33 bis 45, wobei das Saatgut Forstsaatgut umfasst, insbesondere Forstsaatgut ist.
47. 47. Verwendung von einem oder mehreren Saatkörpern nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 33 bis 46 zur Aussaat mittels Luftbringung.
48. 48. Verwendung nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 47 zur Aussaat mittels Luftbringung in einem Forstgebiet.
49. 49. Verwendung nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 47 oder 48 zur Aussaat mittels Luftbringung per Drohne.
50. 50. Verfahren zur Aussaat von einem oder mehreren Saatkörpern umfassend die Schritte:
    1. a) Bereitstellen eines oder mehrerer Saatkörper nach einer der Nummerierten Ausführungsformen 33 bis 46, und
    2. b) Aussaat der Saatkörper.
51. 51. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 50, wobei die Aussaat in Schritt (b) mittels Luftbringung erfolgt.
52. 52. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 51, wobei die Aussaat in Schritt (b) mittels Luftbringung in einem Forstgebiet erfolgt.
53. 53. Verfahren nach Nummerierter Ausführungsform 51 oder 52, wobei die Aussaat in Schritt (b) mittels Luftbringung per Drohne erfolgt.

The present invention may additionally or alternatively relate to one or more of the following numbered embodiments:

1. 1. Composition for treating seeds comprising:
   1. a) potassium humates,
   2. b) pyrolysis coal,
   3. c) clay mineral,
   4. d) sodium alginates,
   5. e) brown algae meal and
   6. f) Plant fibers.
2. 2. Composition according to numbered embodiment 1, wherein the plant fibers have an average length > 120 µm, in particular > 150 µm, in particular > 180 µm, in particular > 210 µm, in particular > 250 µm, in particular > 300 µm, or wherein the plant fibers have an average Length ≤ 120 µm, in particular <100 µm, in particular <80 µm, in particular <60 µm, in particular <40 µm, in particular <20 µm.
3. 3. Composition according to numbered embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the plant fibers comprise at least a first portion of plant fibers and a second portion of plant fibers, the first portion of plant fibers and the second portion of plant fibers being different.
4. 4. Composition according to numbered embodiment 3, wherein the first portion of plant fibers has an average length > 120 µm, in particular > 150 µm, in particular > 180 µm, in particular > 210 µm, in particular > 250 µm, in particular > 300 µm, and/or the second portion of plant fibers has an average length ≤ 120 µm, in particular <100 µm, in particular <80 µm, in particular <60 µm, in particular <40 µm, in particular <20 µm.
5. 5. Composition according to any one of numbered embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the plant fibers comprise wood fibers, cellulose fibers or mixtures thereof.
6. 6. Composition according to numbered embodiment 5, wherein the plant fibers consist of wood fibers, cellulose fibers or mixtures thereof.
7. 7. Composition according to numbered embodiment 5 or 6, wherein the wood fibers have an average length ≤ 120 µm and the cellulose fibers have an average length > 120 µm.
8. 8. Composition according to one of numbered embodiments 1 to 7 comprising:
   1. a) 0.1 to 5% by weight of potassium humates,
   2. b) 2 to 30% by weight of pyrolysis coal,
   3. c) 30 to 80% by weight of clay mineral,
   4. d) 0.1 to 6% by weight of sodium alginates,
   5. e) 0.1 to 10% by weight of brown algae meal and
   6. f) 7 to 70% by weight of plant fibers, in particular
      • f.1) 2 to 30% by weight of wood fibers and
      • f.2) 5 to 40% by weight of cellulose fibers,
      whereby all information in % by weight relates to the total weight of the composition.
9. 9. Composition according to numbered embodiment 8 comprising:
   1. a) 0.5 to 3% by weight of potassium humates,
   2. b) 5 to 20% by weight of pyrolysis coal,
   3. c) 40 to 70% by weight of clay mineral,
   4. d) 0.5 to 4% by weight of sodium alginates,
   5. e) 1 to 7% by weight of brown algae meal and
   6. f) 15 to 50% by weight of plant fibers, in particular
      • f.1) 5 to 20% by weight of wood fibers and
      • f.2) 10 to 30% by weight of cellulose fibers,
      whereby all information in % by weight relates to the total weight of the composition.
10. 10. Composition according to numbered embodiment 9 comprising:
    1. a) 1 to 2% by weight of potassium humates,
    2. b) 10 to 15% by weight of pyrolysis coal,
    3. c) 50 to 60% by weight of clay mineral,
    4. d) 1 to 3% by weight of sodium alginates,
    5. e) 2 to 5% by weight of brown algae meal and
    6. f) 25 to 40% by weight of plant fibers, in particular
       • f.1) 10 to 15% by weight of wood fibers and
       • f.2) 15 to 25% by weight of cellulose fibers,
       whereby all information in % by weight relates to the total weight of the composition.
11. 11. Composition according to one of the numbered embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the treatment of seeds comprises incorporating the seeds into the composition, in particular incorporating them by means of build-up agglomeration on a pelletizing plate.
12. 12. Composition according to one of the numbered embodiments 1 to 11, wherein the seed comprises forest seeds, in particular is forest seeds.
13. 13. Use of the composition according to one of numbered embodiments 1 to 12 for treating seeds.
14. 14. Use according to numbered embodiment 13, wherein the treatment of seeds comprises incorporating the seeds into the composition, in particular incorporating them by means of build-up agglomeration on a pelletizing plate.
15. 15. Use according to numbered embodiment 13 or 14, wherein the seed comprises forest seed, in particular is forest seed.
16. 16. Process for producing one or more seed bodies comprising the steps:
    1. a) providing the composition according to one of numbered embodiments 1 to 12,
    2. b) providing seeds,
    3. c) combining the composition and the seeds, and
    4. d) Forming one or more seed bodies in which the seed is integrated into a seed body matrix containing the composition.
17. 17. Method according to numbered embodiment 16, wherein the seed provided in step (b) is moistened and/or pretreated seed.
18. 18. The method according to numbered embodiment 16 or 17, wherein the composition after providing in step (a) or after combining with the seeds in Step (c) is added to swell with water or an aqueous solution.
19. 19. Method according to one of numbered embodiments 16 to 18, wherein the combining in step (c) takes place on a pelletizing plate or in a compulsory mixer.
20. 20. The method according to numbered embodiment 19, wherein the merging in step (c) is carried out on a pelletizing plate by adding the seeds to the composition located on the inclined and rotating pelletizing plate.
21. 21. The method according to any one of numbered embodiments 16 to 20, wherein at least part of the formation of one or more seed bodies in step (d) takes place on a pelletizing plate.
22. 22. Method according to numbered embodiment 21, wherein the formation of one or more seed bodies in step (d) takes place by means of build-up agglomeration on the pelletizing plate.
23. 23. Method according to numbered embodiment 22, wherein the formation of one or more seed bodies in step (d) takes place by means of build-up agglomeration on the pelletizing plate with the addition of water or an aqueous solution.
24. 24. The method according to any one of numbered embodiments 21 to 23, wherein the build-up agglomeration on the pelletizing plate to form one or more seed bodies in step (d) is stopped by adding a powdering composition.
25. 25. The method according to numbered embodiment 24, wherein the powdering composition is a composition according to one of numbered embodiments 1 to 12.
26. 26. The method of numbered embodiment 25, wherein the powdering composition and the composition provided in step (a) are the same.
27. 27. The method according to numbered embodiment 24 or 25, wherein the powdering composition and the composition provided in step (a) are different.
28. 28. The method according to numbered embodiment 27, wherein the composition provided in step (a) comprises plant fibers with an average length > 120 µm and the powdering composition comprises plant fibers with an average length ≤ 120 µm.
29. 29. The method of any of numbered embodiments 16 to 28, wherein the one or more seed bodies are dried after forming in step (d).
30. 30. The method according to numbered embodiment 29, wherein the one or more seed bodies are dried at 20 to 40 ° C over a period of 5 hours to 3 days.
31. 31. Method according to numbered embodiment 29 or 30, wherein the one or more seed bodies are dried to 3 to 20% by weight of residual moisture, in particular 5 to 15% by weight of residual moisture, in particular 6 to 12% by weight of residual moisture, whereby all information in % by weight refers to the total weight of the seed bodies.
32. 32. Method according to one of the numbered embodiments 16 to 31, wherein the seed comprises forest seeds, in particular is forest seeds.
33. 33. Seed bodies comprising seeds and a seed body matrix comprising the composition according to one of numbered embodiments 1 to 12, the seeds being incorporated into the seed body matrix.
34. 34. Seed body according to numbered embodiment 33, wherein the seed body can be produced by the method according to one of numbered embodiments 16 to 32.
35. 35. Seed body according to numbered embodiments 33 or 34, wherein the seed body matrix consists of the composition according to one of numbered embodiments 1 to 12.
36. 36. Seed body according to one of numbered embodiments 33 to 35, wherein the seed body matrix surrounds the seed.
37. 37. The seed body of any one of numbered embodiments 33 to 36, wherein the seed body further comprises an outer layer surrounding the seed body matrix, the outer layer and the seed body matrix being different.
38. 38. Seed body according to numbered embodiment 37, wherein the outer layer comprises a composition according to one of numbered embodiments 1 to 12.
39. 39. Seed body according to numbered embodiment 38, wherein the outer layer consists of a composition according to one of numbered embodiments 1 to 12.
40. 40. Seed body according to one of the numbered embodiments 37 to 39, wherein the seed body matrix comprises plant fibers with an average length > 120 μm and the Outer layer comprises plant fibers with an average length ≤ 120 µm.
41. 41. Seed body according to one of the numbered embodiments 33 to 40, wherein the seed is a single seed, a plurality of identical seeds or a plurality of different seeds.
42. 42. Seed body according to numbered embodiment 41, wherein the seed comprises a very small seed, in particular is a very small seed.
43. 43. Seed body according to one of the numbered embodiments 33 to 42, wherein the seed body has a grain size of 0.1 mm to 100 mm, in particular from 0.5 mm to 50 mm, in particular from 1 mm to 35 mm.
44. 44. Seed body according to one of the numbered embodiments 33 to 43, wherein the seed body can be spread by means of air delivery.
45. 45. Seed body according to numbered embodiment 44, wherein the seed body can be applied by means of air delivery by drone.
46. 46. Seed body according to one of the numbered embodiments 33 to 45, wherein the seed comprises forest seed, in particular is forest seed.
47. 47. Use of one or more seed bodies according to one of the numbered embodiments 33 to 46 for sowing by means of aerial delivery.
48. 48. Use according to numbered embodiment 47 for sowing by air in a forest area.
49. 49. Use according to numbered embodiment 47 or 48 for sowing by aerial delivery via drone.
50. 50. Method for sowing one or more seed bodies comprising the steps:
    1. a) Providing one or more seed bodies according to one of the numbered embodiments 33 to 46, and
    2. b) Sowing the seed bodies.
51. 51. Method according to numbered embodiment 50, wherein the sowing in step (b) is carried out by means of aerial delivery.
52. 52. Method according to numbered embodiment 51, wherein the sowing in step (b) is carried out by means of aerial delivery in a forest area.
53. 53. Method according to numbered embodiment 51 or 52, wherein the sowing in step (b) is carried out by means of aerial delivery by drone.

The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and/or examples described and/or illustrated, but also includes, for example, all embodiments and/or examples that have the same effect within the meaning of the invention. Furthermore, the invention is not limited to the specifically described and/or illustrated combinations of features, but can also be defined by any other combination of disclosed features of all of the individual features described and/or illustrated as a whole, provided that the individual features are not mutually exclusive, or a specific one Combination of individual characteristics is not explicitly excluded.

Claims (15)

Composition for treating seeds comprising: a) potassium humates, b) pyrolysis coal, c) clay mineral, d) sodium alginates, e) brown algae meal and f) Plant fibers. Composition according to Claim 1 , wherein the plant fibers comprise at least a first portion of plant fibers and a second portion of plant fibers, wherein the first portion of plant fibers and the second portion of plant fibers are different, in particular the first portion of plant fibers having an average length > 120 µm, in particular > 150 µm, in particular > 180 µm, in particular >210 µm, in particular >250 µm, in particular >300 µm, and/or the second portion of plant fibers has an average length ≤120 µm, in particular <100 µm, in particular <80 µm, in particular <60 µm, in particular <40 µm, in particular <20 µm. Composition according to Claim 1 or 2 , wherein the plant fibers include wood fibers, cellulose fibers or mixtures thereof, in particular wood fibers with an average length ≤ 120 µm and cellulose fibers with an average length > 120 µm. Composition according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 comprising: a) 0.1 to 5% by weight of potassium humates, b) 2 to 30% by weight of pyrolysis coal, c) 30 to 80% by weight of clay mineral, d) 0.1 to 6% by weight of sodium alginates, e) 0.1 to 10% by weight of brown algae flour and f) 7 to 70% by weight of plant fibers, in particular f.1) 2 to 30% by weight of wood fibers and f.2) 5 to 40% by weight of cellulose fibers , whereby everyone Information in% by weight refers to the total weight of the composition. Composition according to one of the Claims 1 until 4 , wherein the treatment of seeds includes incorporating the seeds into the composition and/or the seeds include forest seeds. Use of the composition according to one of Claims 1 until 5 for the treatment of seeds, in particular the treatment of seeds comprising incorporating the seeds into the composition. Method for producing one or more seed bodies comprising the steps: a) providing the composition according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , b) providing seeds, c) combining the composition and the seeds, and d) forming one or more seed bodies in which the seeds are integrated into a seed body matrix containing the composition. Procedure according to Claim 7 , wherein the seed provided in step (b) is moistened and / or pretreated seed and / or wherein the composition after providing in step (a) or after combining with the seed in step (c) for swelling with water or an aqueous Solution is added and / or the merging in step (c) takes place on a pelletizing plate or in a compulsory mixer. Procedure according to Claim 7 or 8th , wherein the formation of one or more seed bodies in step (d) takes place by means of agglomeration on a pelletizing plate, in particular with the addition of water or an aqueous solution. Procedure according to Claim 9 , wherein the build-up agglomeration on the pelletizing plate to form one or more seed bodies in step (d) is stopped by adding a powdering composition, in particular the powdering composition is a composition according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , in particular the powdering composition and the composition provided in step (a) are the same or different. Procedure according to one of the Claims 7 until 10 , wherein the one or more seed bodies are dried after forming in step (d), in particular wherein the one or more seed bodies are dried at 20 to 40 ° C over a period of 5 hours to 3 days. Seed bodies comprising seeds and a seed body matrix which has the composition according to one of Claims 1 until 5 comprises, wherein the seed is incorporated into the seed body matrix, in particular the seed body is according to the method according to one of Claims 7 until 11 can be produced and/or has a grain size of 0.1 mm to 100 mm, in particular from 0.5 mm to 50 mm, in particular from 1 mm to 35 mm. Seed body after Claim 12 , wherein the seed body further comprises an outer layer surrounding the seed body matrix, wherein the outer layer and the seed body matrix are different, in particular the outer layer comprises a composition according to one of Claims 1 until 5 . Use of one or more seed bodies Claim 12 or 13 for sowing by air, in particular for sowing by air by drone. Method for sowing one or more seed bodies comprising the steps: a) providing one or more seed bodies Claim 12 or 13 , and b) sowing the seed bodies, in particular by means of aerial delivery by drone.

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