DE102022105356A1 - Stator for an electric machine for a motor vehicle and electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a stator (2) for an electric machine (1) for a motor vehicle, with a laminated core (9), with at least one laminated core (9) that adjoins the laminated core (9) at least indirectly in the axial direction (10) of the stator (2). Winding head (11), and with at least one line element (17) through which a coolant can flow and provided for cooling the winding head (11), which is arranged in the axial direction (10) of the stator (2) next to the laminated core (9), whereby the Line element (17) has a length region (21) through which the coolant can flow in the circumferential direction (20) of the stator (2), which is located on an outer side (23) of the winding head (11) which faces outwards in the radial direction (22) of the stator (2). ) is arranged, the line element (17) being clamped to the winding head (11) on the outside (23).

Description

The invention relates to a stator for an electrical machine for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 1. The invention further relates to an electrical machine for a motor vehicle.

The EP 1 547 228 B1 discloses an electrical machine, with a rotatably mounted rotor and an associated, stationary stand in a machine housing and with a device for cooling parts within the machine housing, which contains a closed line system on at least one end face of the machine housing, which contains at least one line system located within the machine housing Evaporator, a condenser located outside the machine housing, geodetically higher than the evaporator, and connecting pipes running between the condenser and the evaporator.

It is the object of the invention to create a stator for an electrical machine for a motor vehicle and an electrical machine for a motor vehicle, so that the stator can be cooled particularly intensively.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a stator for an electrical machine for a motor vehicle with the features of patent claim 1 and by an electrical machine for a motor vehicle with such a stator with the features of patent claim 7. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and the description.

A first aspect of the invention relates to a stator for an electrical machine for a motor vehicle, in particular an electrically driven one. The motor vehicle is preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car, commercial vehicle or truck. For example, the motor vehicle is designed as a battery-electric vehicle, in particular a purely battery-electric vehicle, or as a hybrid vehicle.

For example, the stator is connected to a housing of the electrical machine, which is referred to in particular as a machine housing. The electric machine has a rotor that can be rotated about a machine axis of rotation relative to the stator, and in particular relative to the housing. Electrical power can be converted into mechanical power by means of the electric machine, whereby the rotor can be driven by the stator and is thereby rotatable about the machine axis of rotation relative to the stator. The electrical power can be provided, for example, by an on-board electrical system of the motor vehicle. The electric machine can provide at least one torque via the rotor, in particular for driving the motor vehicle. This means that the motor vehicle can preferably be driven by means of the electric machine. Therefore, the electric machine can be referred to in particular as an electric traction machine.

For example, the electric machine is coupled or can be coupled to at least one vehicle wheel of the motor vehicle via the rotor in a torque-transmitting manner. This allows the motor vehicle to be driven by the electric machine via the rotor. The vehicle wheel can be understood in particular as a ground contact element of the motor vehicle.

The stator has at least one laminated core. The laminated core can in particular be referred to as a stator laminated core. The stator has at least one winding head that adjoins the laminated core at least indirectly, in particular directly, in the axial direction of the stator. In other words, the winding head is arranged next to the laminated core in the axial direction of the stator. This means that the winding head is arranged outside the laminated core in the axial direction of the stator. The winding head can in particular be referred to as a stator winding head.

The winding head preferably comprises at least one winding, in particular at least one copper winding. The winding, in particular the copper winding, preferably comprises at least one turn, in particular several turns. The copper winding can be understood in particular to mean that the winding is made of copper or is formed of copper. The winding is formed, for example, from a continuous conductor. The winding or several windings formed from the continuous conductor form, for example, a coil. For example, the stator, in particular the winding head, comprises several coils. The winding or the coil forms, for example, a winding body which can be held on the laminated core. For example, the winding body comprises several windings or coils. The winding head is preferably connected to the laminated core, in particular mechanically. This means that the winding head is preferably held on the laminated core.

The stator has at least one line element through which a coolant can flow and which is provided for cooling the winding head. In other words, the winding head is with can be cooled, in particular directly, by means of the line element. This means that heat from the winding head can be dissipated to the line element or to the coolant flowing through the line element, whereby the winding head can be cooled, in particular directly. For example, the laminated core can be cooled at least indirectly by the line element. The line element can in particular be referred to as a coolant loop. For example, the coolant is water. For example, the coolant is a mixture comprising water and glycol, whereby the mixture can be referred to in particular as a water-glycol mixture. The coolant can in particular be referred to as a cooling medium.

The line element is arranged in the axial direction of the stator, in particular directly, next to the laminated core. In other words, the line element adjoins the laminated core at least indirectly, in particular directly, in the axial direction of the stator. This means that the line element is arranged outside the laminated core in the axial direction of the stator. The line element preferably runs completely outside the laminated core. This means that the line element does not run within the laminated core.

In order to be able to cool the stator, in particular the winding head, particularly intensively or particularly well, it is provided according to the invention that the line element has a length region through which the coolant can flow in the circumferential direction of the stator, which is on an outer side of the stator that faces outwards in the radial direction of the stator Winding head is arranged. In other words, the length range extends in the circumferential direction of the stator. This means that a longitudinal extension direction of the length range runs in the circumferential direction of the stator. In other words, the winding head is at least partially covered by the length region of the line element in the radial direction of the stator. This means that the line element at least partially surrounds the winding head, in particular in the circumferential direction of the stator. The winding head is therefore at least partially limited by the length range of the line element, in particular in the radial direction of the stator. This can be understood in particular to mean that the line element, in particular the length region, is arranged in a region of the stator which is particularly referred to as a groove projection.

In addition, it is provided that the line element is clamped to the winding head on the outside, in particular at least indirectly or directly. In other words, the line element, in particular the length region, is arranged at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the outside of the winding head, wherein the line element, in particular the length region, is fixed or held by means of a clamp connection, in particular on the winding head. The clamp connection can in particular be understood as a non-positive connection between the line element, in particular the length region, and the winding head, in particular the outside of the winding head.

The invention is based in particular on the following findings and considerations: The stator, in particular the electrical machine designed as a traction machine, can be particularly thermally critical, whereby the stator or the cooling of the stator can determine or particularly strongly influence the continuous power of the electrical machine. Typically, the winding head can be a hottest spot on the stator. This means that a temperature of the winding head can be higher than other temperatures of the stator during operation of the electrical machine. In principle, it is conceivable to cool the winding head indirectly. For example, a cooling jacket can be provided in the housing of the electrical machine or the stator, by means of which the laminated core can be cooled, in particular directly. The winding head can be cooled indirectly via the stator laminated core. However, a heat conduction path from the winding head, in particular the copper winding of the winding head, via the laminated core to the cooling jacket can be particularly limiting or particularly inadequate due to its length and as a result of particularly poor heat conduction properties. As a result, an insufficient cooling effect can be achieved when cooling the winding head.

In contrast, in the stator according to the invention, the winding head can be cooled particularly intensively by means of the line element. Because the coolant can flow through the length region arranged on the winding head in the circumferential direction of the stator, the coolant can flow around the winding head, in particular directly, whereby a particularly good cooling effect and thus particularly good heat dissipation of the winding head can be achieved. In particular, because the line element is arranged on the outside of the winding head, a particularly good heat transfer between the winding head and the line element or the coolant flowing through the line element can be achieved. Furthermore, so-called dry cooling with water or the water-glycol mixture can be made possible by the line element. Under the dry Cooling can be understood in particular as meaning that the winding head, in particular the winding, is not acted upon directly by the coolant, but rather the heat transfer between the winding head and the coolant runs via a wall delimiting the line element. As a result, water or the water-glycol mixture can be used as the coolant, whereby the winding head can be cooled particularly intensively, in particular due to particularly good cooling properties of water or the water-glycol mixture. In addition, the coolant, in particular the water or the water-glycol mixture, can be brought particularly close to the winding head or to the winding. Due to the particularly intensive cooling of the winding head, the temperature of the winding head can be kept particularly low, particularly during operation of the electrical machine. As a result, continuous power or the continuous performance of the electrical machine can be particularly increased.

Furthermore, the fact that the line element is clamped to the winding head on the outside can keep the cost of manufacturing the stator particularly low. In addition, a particularly secure, in particular mechanical, connection can be achieved between the winding head and the line element, whereby, for example, the service life of the stator can be kept particularly long. Furthermore, the clamp connection can bring about a particularly advantageous thermal contact between the winding head, in particular the winding, and the line element, in particular the wall of the line element, whereby a particularly good heat transfer between the winding head and the coolant can be achieved. This allows the winding head to be cooled particularly intensively. Furthermore, because the line element is arranged in the area of the groove projection, the installation space of the stator can be designed particularly advantageously. This means that, for example, a free area of the stator in the area of the groove projection can be used to lay or arrange the line element without additional installation space. As a result, for example, the installation space of the stator can be kept particularly small. It is preferably provided that the line element, in particular the wall of the line element, directly touches the winding head. This allows the winding head to be cooled particularly intensively.

It is preferably provided that the winding head has a part which extends obliquely or perpendicularly to the axial direction of the stator and projects outwards, in particular in the radial direction of the stator or obliquely to the radial direction of the stator, the length region of the line element in the axial direction of the stator is at least partially arranged between the laminated core and the part of the winding head. In other words, the winding head has a partial region whose longitudinal extension direction runs obliquely or perpendicularly to the axial direction of the stator, and in particular in the radial direction of the stator or obliquely to the radial direction of the stator, the length region of the line element being at least in the axial direction of the stator is partially covered by the part of the winding head or the partial area of the winding head. This means that the line element, in particular the length region, is arranged, for example, in the area of an offset of the winding head or the winding, with the winding at the offset, in particular slightly, running obliquely outwards in the radial direction of the stator. As a result, the installation space of the stator can be kept particularly small. Furthermore, the winding head can be cooled particularly intensively, in particular because the line element can be arranged particularly close to the winding head. Furthermore, for example, a surface or a contact surface for heat transfer of heat from the winding head to the line element, in particular the wall of the line element, can be particularly increased.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the line element is arranged in the length range at least over 50 percent, in particular 60, 70 or 75 percent, of a circumference of the winding head on or on the outside of the winding head. In other words, the length range of the line element surrounds the winding head in its circumferential direction at least 50 percent, in particular 60, 70 or 75 percent. This means that the length range of the line element encloses the winding head in its circumferential direction by at least 50 percent, in particular 60, 70 or 75 percent. In other words, the length range extends in the circumferential direction of the stator over at least 180 degrees, in particular over at least 216, 252 or 270 degrees. As a result, the surface or contact area provided for the heat transfer between the winding head and the line element, in particular the wall, can be particularly increased. This means that the winding head can be cooled particularly intensively.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the line element, in particular the wall of the line element, is connected to one another in a materially bonded manner. For example, the line element is cast with the winding head. This means that the line element and the winding head are cast by casting, in particular by potting. are connected to each other or are cast together. Preferably, the line element is connected, in particular cast, to the winding head, in particular directly, via an epoxy resin, in particular formed separately from the line element. In other words, a layer formed from the epoxy resin is arranged between the line element and the winding head, the line element and the winding head being connected to the layer. As a result, the line element and the winding head can, for example, be connected to one another particularly securely, in particular particularly robustly. This means, for example, that the service life of the stator can be kept particularly long. Furthermore, the heat transfer between the line element, in particular the wall, and the winding head can be particularly increased by the epoxy resin. This means that the winding head can be cooled particularly intensively.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the line element has a second length region adjoining the length region at one end, in particular directly, and through which the coolant can flow, via which the coolant flowing through the second length region can be introduced into the length region, and at the other end has a third length range adjoining the length range, in particular directly, through which the coolant can flow, via which the coolant flowing through the length range can be removed from the length range. In other words, the second and third length ranges are, in particular directly, fluidly connected to the length range, in particular referred to as the first length range, the second length range being arranged upstream of the first line element in the flow direction of the coolant flowing through the line element, in particular the first length range is and the third length range is arranged downstream of the first length range in the flow direction of the coolant flowing through the line element, in particular the first length range.

It is preferably provided that the second and third length regions can be flowed through by the coolant in a respective flow direction that is different from the circumferential direction. In other words, the coolant can flow through the first length range in a first flow direction, in particular in the circumferential direction of the stator, the coolant can flow through the second length range in a second flow direction and the coolant can flow through the third length range in a third flow direction , wherein the second and third flow directions are different from the first flow direction. This means that a respective longitudinal extension direction of the second and third length range is different from the longitudinal extension direction of the first length range. As a result, the coolant can be particularly advantageously supplied to the first length range via the second length range and can be particularly advantageously removed from the first length range via the third length range. For example, the installation space of the stator can be kept particularly small. The second and third flow directions preferably run parallel to one another. Alternatively, the second and third flow directions can be different from each other.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the coolant can flow through the second and/or the third length region in the radial direction of the stator or in the axial direction of the stator. In other words, the second flow direction runs in the radial direction of the stator or in the axial direction of the stator. Alternatively or additionally, the third flow direction runs in the radial direction of the stator or in the axial direction of the stator. In other words, the longitudinal extension direction of the second length region extends in the radial direction of the stator or in the axial direction of the stator. Alternatively or additionally, the longitudinal extension direction of the third length region extends in the radial direction of the stator or in the axial direction of the stator. As a result, the installation space of the stator can be designed particularly advantageously. In particular, the installation space of the stator can be kept particularly small.

A second aspect of the invention relates to an electric machine for a motor vehicle, in particular an electrically driven one, which has a stator according to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first aspect of the invention are to be viewed as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the second aspect of the invention and vice versa.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the electrical machine has a machine housing, in particular a stator housing, and a cooling channel through which the coolant can flow and which is formed separately from the line element and which runs within a housing element of the machine housing. In other words, the cooling channel is limited, in particular in its radial direction, at least partially, in particular completely, by the housing element, in particular directly. This means that the cooling channel runs at least in sections through the housing element, in particular at least partially, in particular completely, within a wall of the housing element. By means of the cooling channel, for example, the laminated core can be cooled particularly intensively. This allows the temperature of the laminated core to be kept particularly low.

Preferably, the cooling channel is fluidly connected, in particular directly, to the line element. In other words, the coolant flowing through the cooling channel can be introduced, in particular directly, into the line element, in particular the second length range, and/or the coolant flowing through the line element, in particular the third length range, is via the cooling channel from the line element, in particular from the third Length range, dissipable. Because the cooling channel and the line element are fluidly connected to one another, both the cooling of the laminated core and the cooling of the winding head can be implemented with particularly little effort. In particular, the installation space of the stator can be kept particularly small.

The cooling channel can in particular be referred to as a cooling jacket of the machine housing or the stator. For example, the cooling channel is fluidly connected, in particular directly, to the second length range and/or to the third length range.

• Das Kraftfahrzeug weist in seinem vollständig hergestellten Zustand die elektrische Maschine, das Getriebe und den Schmiermittelpfad auf. Das Getriebe ist vorzugsweise bezogen auf einen von dem Rotor zu dem wenigstens einen Fahrzeugrad verlaufenden Drehmomentenfluss zwischen dem Rotor und dem wenigstens einen Fahrzeugrad angeordnet, wodurch der Drehmomentenfluss über das Getriebe verläuft. Mit anderen Worten ausgedrückt ist der Rotor über das Getriebe drehmomentenübertragend mit dem Fahrzeugrad verbunden beziehungsweise verbindbar. Mittels des Getriebes kann das von dem Rotor bereitgestellte Drehmoment gewandelt werden, wobei das Fahrzeugrad mit dem gewandelten Drehmoment angetrieben werden kann. Mittels des Schmiermittelpfads ist das Getriebe schmierbar. Dadurch kann beispielsweise mechanische Reibung in dem Getriebe besonders gering gehalten werden. Somit kann das Kraftfahrzeug dadurch besonders effizient angetrieben werden. Zusätzlich kann der Schmiermittelpfad zum Kühlen des Getriebes vorgesehen sein. Der Schmiermittelpfad ist über die von dem Öl durchströmbare Anschlussstelle fluidisch mit dem Leitungselement, insbesondere im zweiten Längenbereich, verbunden. Somit kann das Leitungselement mit dem den Schmiermittelpfad durchströmenden Öl versorgt werden. Dies bedeutet, dass das Leitungselement an der Anschlussstelle an den Schmiermittelpfad angeschlossen ist. Dadurch kann das den Schmiermittelpfad durchströmende Öl als das Kühlmittel zum Kühlen des Wickelkopfs verwendet werden. Dies bedeutet, dass das Kühlmittel das Öl sein kann. Dadurch kann der Wickelkopf beispielsweise besonders aufwandsarm gekühlt werden, insbesondere dadurch, dass das Leitungselement an den bereits in dem Kraftfahrzeug bestehenden Schmiermittelpfad angeschlossen werden kann. Ferner kann dabei der Bauraum des Stators besonders gering gehalten werden. Der Schmiermittelpfad kann insbesondere als Kreislauf ausgebildet sein, wodurch der Schmiermittelpfad insbesondere als Getriebeölkreislauf bezeichnet werden kann.

In a further embodiment, a connection point that is fluidically, in particular directly, connected to the line element, in particular with the second length region, and through which oil can flow is provided, via which the line element, in particular the second length region, is provided with a connection point intended for lubricating a transmission of the motor vehicle and with oil Flowable lubricant path of the motor vehicle can be fluidically connected or connected, whereby the oil flowing through the lubricant path can be introduced into the line element as coolant. This can mean in particular the following:

• In its fully manufactured state, the motor vehicle has the electrical machine, the transmission and the lubricant path. The transmission is preferably arranged between the rotor and the at least one vehicle wheel in relation to a torque flow extending from the rotor to the at least one vehicle wheel, whereby the torque flow extends via the transmission. In other words, the rotor is connected or can be connected to the vehicle wheel via the transmission in a torque-transmitting manner. The torque provided by the rotor can be converted by means of the transmission, whereby the vehicle wheel can be driven with the converted torque. The gearbox can be lubricated using the lubricant path. As a result, for example, mechanical friction in the transmission can be kept particularly low. The motor vehicle can therefore be driven particularly efficiently. In addition, the lubricant path can be provided for cooling the transmission. The lubricant path is fluidly connected to the line element, in particular in the second length region, via the connection point through which the oil can flow. The line element can thus be supplied with the oil flowing through the lubricant path. This means that the line element is connected to the lubricant path at the connection point. This allows the oil flowing through the lubricant path to be used as the coolant for cooling the end winding. This means that the coolant can be the oil. As a result, the winding head can be cooled with particularly little effort, for example, in particular because the line element can be connected to the lubricant path that already exists in the motor vehicle. Furthermore, the installation space of the stator can be kept particularly small. The lubricant path can in particular be designed as a circuit, whereby the lubricant path can be referred to in particular as a transmission oil circuit.

For example, in its fully manufactured state, the motor vehicle has a drive train which has the electric machine, the transmission and the lubricant path.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the electrical machine, in particular the rotor, has a rotor shaft which can be rotated relative to the stator and which has a spin-off area covered by the winding head in the radial direction of the rotor shaft, from which oil is specifically released from the rotor shaft when the rotor shaft rotates Rotor shaft can be thrown off and thrown onto the winding head. In other words, the rotor shaft has the spin-off area that can be wetted or wetted by the oil, which is specifically designed in such a way that when the rotor shaft rotates, in particular about the machine axis of rotation, the oil located in or on the spin-off area is separated from the spin-off area, in particular by inertial forces Rotor shaft can be removed and sprayed onto the winding head, whereby the oil can be fed to the winding head. This means that a spray oil cooling system, referred to in particular as spray oil cooling, is provided, by means of which the winding head can be cooled. This allows the winding head to be cooled particularly intensively. This can be achieved in particular by both the line element as well as the spray oil cooling are provided, whereby the cooling of the winding head can be particularly intensified.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the electrical machine does not have spray oil cooling and is therefore free of spray oil cooling. This means that the rotor shaft can be free of the throw-off area and therefore cannot have the throw-off area. For example, spray oil cooling causes friction losses. This can, for example, be due to friction losses of the oil guided within the rotor shaft, in particular for supplying the oil to the spin-off area. By avoiding friction losses, the efficiency of the electrical machine can be particularly increased. As a result, for example, an electric range, in particular a purely electric range, of the motor vehicle can be particularly increased.

A further aspect relates to a drive train which has an electric machine, in particular according to the second aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first and second aspects of the invention are to be viewed as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the further aspect and vice versa.

Further features of the invention emerge from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and/or shown in the figures alone can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own.

• 1 eine schematische Teilschnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Stator; und
• 2 eine schematische Vorderansicht eines Leitungselements eines erfindungsgemäßen Stators; und
• 3 eine schematische Teilschnittansicht einer elektrischen Maschine; und
• 4 eine schematische Teilschnittansicht einer elektrischen Maschine; und
• 5 jeweilige schematische Teilschnittansichten eines Leitungselements eines erfindungsgemäßen Stators zur Veranschaulichung eines Herstellungsverfahrens zum Klemmen des Leitungselements an einen Wickelkopf eines erfindungsgemäßen Stators; und
• 6 eine schematische Seitenansicht des Leitungselements aus 2; und
• 7 eine schematische Draufsicht des Leitungselements aus 2; und
• 8 eine schematische Vorderansicht eines Leitungselements eines erfindungsgemäßen Stators gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform; und
• 9 eine schematische Seitenansicht des Leitungselements aus 8; und
• 10 eine schematische Draufsicht des Leitungselements aus 8; und
• 11 eine schematische Teilschnittansicht eines Antriebsstrangs, welcher eine erfindungsgemäße elektrische Maschine aufweist.

The invention will now be explained in more detail using a preferred exemplary embodiment and with reference to the drawings. Show it:

• 1 a schematic partial sectional view of an electrical machine according to the invention with a stator according to the invention; and
• 2 a schematic front view of a line element of a stator according to the invention; and
• 3 a schematic partial sectional view of an electrical machine; and
• 4 a schematic partial sectional view of an electrical machine; and
• 5 respective schematic partial sectional views of a line element of a stator according to the invention to illustrate a manufacturing method for clamping the line element to a winding head of a stator according to the invention; and
• 6 a schematic side view of the line element 2 ; and
• 7 a schematic top view of the line element 2 ; and
• 8th a schematic front view of a line element of a stator according to the invention according to a further embodiment; and
• 9 a schematic side view of the line element 8th ; and
• 10 a schematic top view of the line element 8th ; and
• 11 a schematic partial sectional view of a drive train which has an electric machine according to the invention.

In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

1 shows a schematic partial sectional view of an electrical machine 1 for a motor vehicle. The electrical machine 1 has a stator 2, a rotor 3 and a machine housing 4. The rotor 3 is preferably connected to the machine housing 4. The rotor 3 is rotatable about a machine axis of rotation 5 relative to the stator 2 and the machine housing 4.

The rotor 3 has a rotor body 6 and a rotor shaft 7, in particular formed separately from the rotor body 6. The rotor body 6 is arranged on the rotor shaft 7 and connected to the rotor shaft 7 in a rotationally fixed manner. The rotor shaft 7 can be rotated about the machine axis of rotation 5 relative to the stator 2 or the machine housing 4. The electric machine 1 has two bearings 8, by means of which the rotor shaft 7 is held on the machine housing 4 so that it can rotate relative to the stator 2 or the machine housing 4. The motor vehicle can be driven by the electric machine 1 via the rotor 3, in particular via the rotor shaft 7.

The stator 2 comprises at least one laminated core 9 and at least one winding head 11, 12 which adjoins the laminated core 9 at least indirectly, in particular directly, in the axial direction 10 of the stator 2. In the in 1 In the exemplary embodiment shown, two winding heads 11, 12 are provided which adjoin the laminated core 9 at least indirectly, in particular directly, in the axial direction 10 of the stator 2. A first of the winding heads 11 is arranged on a first side 13 of the stator 2 and the second of the winding heads 12 is arranged on a second side 14 of the stator 2, in particular opposite the first side 13. In the exemplary embodiment, the first side 13 is an output side of the electrical machine 1 or the stator 2. The first side 13 can in particular be referred to as the A side. The second side 14 can be referred to in particular as the B side.

The first winding head 11 is arranged, in particular directly, on a first surface 15 of the laminated core 9 and the second winding head 12 is arranged, in particular directly, on a second surface 16 of the laminated core 9 facing away from the first surface 15. Preferably, the first winding head 11 is held on the first surface 15 on the laminated core 9. The second winding head 12 is preferably held on the second surface 16 on the laminated core 9.

The stator 2 and the rotor 3 are preferably arranged coaxially with one another. The axial direction 10 of the stator 2 thus corresponds to an axial direction of the rotor 3, in particular the rotor shaft 7.

The stator 2 has at least one line element 17, 18 through which a coolant can flow and which is provided for cooling at least one of the winding heads 11, 12. In the in 1 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the stator 2 comprises two of the line elements 17, 18, a first of the line elements 17 being provided for cooling the first winding head 11 and the second of the line elements 18 being provided for cooling the second winding head 12. The first line element 17 is arranged in the area of the first winding head 11 on the first side 13 of the stator 2. The second line element 18 is arranged in the area of the second winding head 12 on the second side 14 of the stator 2. The respective line element 17, 18 is arranged next to the laminated core 9 in the axial direction 10 of the stator 2.

2 shows an example of the first line element 17 in a schematic front view. The line elements 17, 18 are preferably designed to be identical or identical. As in 2 shown, the respective line element 17, 18 is preferably at least partially, in particular completely, annular. As a result, the respective line element 17, 18 can be referred to in particular as a respective cooling ring.

The respective line element 17, 18 has at least one respective wall 19, which at least partially, in particular completely, limits a volume for flowing or guiding the coolant. Preferably, the respective line element 17, 18, in particular the respective wall 19, directly touches the laminated core 9 and/or the respective winding head 11, 12.

In order to be able to cool the stator 2, in particular the respective winding head 11, 12, particularly intensively, it is provided that the respective line element 17, 18 has a respective length region 21 through which the coolant can flow in the circumferential direction 20 of the stator 2, which is on an in Radial direction 22 of the stator 2 facing outwards respective outside 23 of the respective winding head 11, 12 is arranged. In other words, the length region 21 of the first line element 17 is arranged on an outer side 23a of the first winding head 11 which points outwards in the radial direction 22 of the stator 2 and the second line element 18 is arranged on an outer side which points outwards in the radial direction 22 of the stator 2 23b of the second winding head 12 arranged. This means that the respective line element 17, 18, in particular the respective length region 21, is arranged in a respective region 24, 25 of the stator 2, in particular referred to as a groove projection. The first line element 17 is arranged in a first of the areas 24 and the second line element 18 is arranged in the second of the areas 25. As a result, the respective line element 17, 18 can be arranged particularly close to the respective winding head 11, 12. Furthermore, the respective winding head 11, 12 can be flowed around particularly well by the coolant flowing through the respective line element 17, 18, in particular the respective length region 21. As a result, a particularly good cooling effect can be achieved, whereby, for example, a temperature of the respective winding head 11, 12 can be kept particularly low.

3 and 4 shows the electrical machine 1 in a respective schematic partial sectional view, with the respective line element 17, 18 in 3 and 4 is not shown. In 3 and 4 the respective area 24, 25 is illustrated in which the respective line element 17, 18, in particular the respective length area 21, is or will be arranged.

In addition, it is provided that the respective line element 17, 18, in particular the respective length region 21, is clamped to the respective outer side 23, 23a, 23b, to the respective winding head 11, 12. This means that the first line element 17 is clamped to the first winding head 11 and the second line element 18 is clamped to the second winding head 12. The respective line element 17, 18 is thus in the area of Groove projection is placed around the respective winding head 11, 12 and then clamped to the winding head. As a result, the respective line element 17, 18 can be connected to the respective winding head 11, 12 with particularly little effort. Furthermore, a particularly secure connection between the respective line element 17, 18, in particular the respective wall 19, and the respective winding head 11, 12 can be made possible. Furthermore, the groove projection can be used to lay a coolant media guide in the form of the respective line element 17, 18 in close contact with the, in particular thermally critical, respective winding head 11, 12, in particular without additional installation space.

For example, a respective diameter 26 of the respective line element before the respective line element 17, 18 is in its respective installation position in the stator 2 is smaller than when the respective line element 17, 18 is in its respective installation position on the stator 2. This can cause a preload, which creates a clamping connection for clamping the respective line element 17, 18 to the respective winding head 11, 12. This means that the respective diameter 26 of the respective line element 17, 18 in the installed position of the respective line element 17, 18 is larger than before assembly of the respective line element 17, 18, with a difference in the diameter 26 before and after installation of the respective Line element 17, 18 in the stator 2, the respective line element 17, 18 is non-positively connected to the respective winding head 11, 12.

In 5 a manufacturing method for attaching the respective line element 17, 18 to the respective winding head 11, 12, in particular for clamping the respective line element 17, 18 to the respective winding head 11, 12, is illustrated. In a first step A, the first line element 17 is shown as an example in a schematic front view. In the first step A, the respective line element 17, 18 is bent open, in particular reversibly or elastically. This is illustrated by an arrow 27. The respective line element 17, 18 is thus expanded, whereby the respective diameter 26 is increased.

In a second step B that takes place after the first step A, the respective line element 17, 18 is arranged on the respective winding head 11, 12. For the second step B, the first line element 17, the first winding head 11 and the laminated core 9 are shown in a schematic partial sectional view. The arrangement is illustrated by an arrow 28. During the arrangement, the respective line element 17, 18 remains expanded or spread. This can be achieved, for example, by applying a respective force to the respective line element 17, 18, whereby the respective line element 17, 18 remains spread. This is illustrated by respective arrows 29. Thus, in the second step B, the respective line element 17, 18 is pushed onto the respective winding head 11, 12, for example from the outside.

In a third step C that takes place after the second step B, the respective line element 17, 18 is arranged on the respective winding head 11, 12. For the third step C, the first line element 17, the laminated core 9 and the first winding head 11 are shown in a schematic partial sectional view. In the third step C, the respective line element 17, 18 is no longer spread. For example, the force is no longer applied to the respective line element 17, 18. The respective line element 17, 18 is thus released for the third step C. This causes the respective line element 17, 18 to contract. The respective diameter 26 decreases. This is illustrated by arrows 30. Thus, in the third step C, the clamping of the respective line element 17, 18 to the respective winding head 11, 12 is effected.

Preferably, the respective line element 17, 18, in particular the respective wall 19, is formed from an electrically non-conductive material. For example, the respective line element 17, 18 is made of plastic. For example, the respective wall 19 of the respective line element 17, 18 is particularly thin. As a result, the respective line element 17, 18 can be bent open particularly well. Furthermore, a particularly good heat transfer can be achieved between the respective winding head 11, 12 and the coolant. For example, the respective line element 17, 18, in particular the length region 21, is tubular.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the respective winding head 11, 12 has a part 31 which runs obliquely or perpendicularly to the axial direction 10 of the stator 2 and projects outwards, the respective length region 21 of the respective line element 17, 18 extending in the axial direction 10 of the stator 2 is arranged at least partially, in particular completely, between the laminated core 9 and the part 31 of the respective winding head 11, 12. This is in 3 and 4 illustrated.

It is preferably provided that the respective line element 17, 18 in the respective length range 21 is at least over 50 percent, in particular at least over 60, 70 or 75 percent, a respective circumference 11a, 12a of the respective winding head 11, 12 is arranged on the respective outside 23, 23a, 23b of the respective winding head 11, 12. As a result, a particularly good cooling effect of the respective winding head 11, 12 can be achieved.

For example, the respective line element 17, 18, in particular the respective wall 19, is connected to the respective winding head 11, 12 via an epoxy resin. The respective line element 17, 18 and the respective winding head 11, 12 are preferably cast together. The casting can be referred to in particular as potting, in particular epoxy potting.

6 shows an example of the first line element 17 in a schematic side view. 7 shows an example of the first line element 17 in a schematic top view.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the respective line element 17, 18 has a second length region 32 which adjoins at one end the length region 21, which is in particular referred to as the first length region 21, and through which the coolant can flow, via which the coolant flowing through the second length region 32 in the first length range 21 can be initiated. The second length range 32 can therefore be referred to in particular as a supply line for the first length range 21. The respective line element 17, 18 has a respective third length region 33 through which the coolant can flow, via which the coolant flowing through the respective first length region 21 can be removed from the respective first length region 21.

The respective first length region 21 can be flowed through in a respective first flow direction 34. The first flow direction 34 corresponds to the circumferential direction 20. The second and third length regions 32, 33 can be flowed through by the coolant in a respective flow direction 35, 36 that differs from the circumferential direction 20. This means that the respective second length region 32 can be flowed through by the coolant in a second flow direction 35 and the respective third length region 33 can be flowed through by the coolant in a respective third flow direction 36. The second and third flow directions 35, 36 are different from the first flow direction 34. Preferably, the second and third flow directions 35, 36 run opposite to one another.

In the in 2 , 6 and 7 In the embodiment shown, it is provided that the coolant can flow through the second and third length regions 32, 33 in the axial direction 10 of the stator 2. This means that the second and third flow directions 35, 36 run parallel to the axial direction 10 of the stator 2. As a result, for example, the installation space of the stator 2 can be kept particularly small.

In 8th , 9 and 10 the first line element 17 is shown as an example according to a further embodiment. This is in 8th the first line element 17 is shown in a schematic front view. In 9 the first line element 17 is shown in a schematic side view. In 10 the first line element 17 is shown in a schematic top view. At the in 8th until 10 In the embodiment shown, it is provided that the respective second and third length regions 32, 33 can be flowed through by the coolant in the radial direction 22 of the stator 2. This means that the second and third flow directions 35, 36 run in the radial direction 22 of the stator 2. As a result, the installation space of the stator 2 can be kept particularly small. For example, an axial installation space of the respective line element 17, 18 can be kept particularly small.

It is preferably provided that the respective line elements are connected in series or in parallel, in particular in terms of fluid mechanics. This means that the coolant flows through the line elements 17, 18, in particular in terms of fluid mechanics, in series or in parallel.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the electrical machine 1 has at least one cooling channel 37 through which the coolant can flow and which is formed separately from the respective line element 17, 18, which runs within a housing element 38 of the machine housing 4 and, in particular directly, fluidly with the respective one Line element 17, 18 is connected. This means that a cooling jacket comprising the cooling channel 37 is provided for the stator 2. As a result, the stator 2, in particular the laminated core 9, can be cooled particularly intensively. Furthermore, the respective line element 17, 18 can be connected to the cooling channel 37 for cooling the respective winding head 11, 12 with particularly little effort. The line elements 17, 18 can be connected to one another in series or in parallel by means of the cooling channel 37 or via the cooling channel 37, in particular fluid mechanically. Especially in the in 8th until 10 shown embodiment of the respective line element 17, 18, the respective 17, 18 can be fluidically connected to the cooling channel 37 with particularly little effort. As a result, for example, the installation space of the stator 2 can be kept particularly small.

For example, a first line section 39 of the cooling channel 37 through which the coolant can flow is, in particular directly, fluidly connected to the respective second length region 32 of the respective line element 17, 18. As a result, the coolant flowing through the first line section can be introduced into the respective second length region 32. For example, the cooling channel 37 comprises a second line section 40 through which the coolant can flow, which is different from the first line section 39. For example, the second line section 40 is, in particular directly, fluidly connected to the respective third length region 33 of the respective line element 17, 18. As a result, the coolant flowing through the respective line element 17, 18 can be removed from the respective line element 17, 18 via the respective third length region 33 and introduced into the second line section 40. The cooling channel 37 is preferably part of a cooling circuit of the electrical machine 1. The respective line element 17, 18 can therefore be fluidly connected to the cooling circuit or the respective line element 17, 18 can be part of the cooling circuit. For example, the coolant includes water. For example, the coolant is a mixture of water and glycol. As a result, the electrical machine 1, in particular the respective winding head 11, 12 and the laminated core 9, can be cooled particularly intensively.

The cooling circuit can be designed as a single-phase cooling circuit, particularly referred to as single-phase cooling, or as a two-phase cooling circuit, particularly referred to as two-phase cooling. In two-phase cooling, it can be provided that at least part of the coolant flowing through the cooling circuit, in particular the respective line element 17, 18, can change from a liquid phase to a gas phase by supplying heat, in particular from the respective winding head 11, 12 . The respective line element 17, 18 can therefore be designed, for example, as an evaporator.

11 shows a schematic partial sectional view of a drive train 41, which includes the electric machine 1. The drive train 41 is preferably designed as an electric drive train 41. The drive train 41 has a transmission 42. The transmission 42 is connected or can be connected to the rotor 3, in particular the rotor shaft 7, in a torque-transmitting manner. The transmission 42 is arranged between the rotor 3, in particular the rotor shaft 7, with respect to a torque flow 44 running from the rotor 3, in particular the rotor shaft 7, to at least one vehicle wheel 43 of the motor vehicle, whereby the torque flow 44 from the rotor 3, in particular from the rotor shaft 7, runs via the transmission 42 to the vehicle wheel 43. Thus, the at least one vehicle wheel 43 can be coupled or coupled, in particular mechanically, to the rotor 3, in particular the rotor shaft 7, via the transmission 42.

The drive train 43, in particular the transmission 42, has a lubricant path 45 through which oil can flow for lubricating the transmission 42. For example, the lubricant path 45 is part of a lubricant circuit.

In a further embodiment, the electric machine 1 has at least one connection point 46 through which the oil can flow, via which the respective line element 17, 18 can be fluidly connected or connected to the lubricant path 45, in particular directly, whereby the oil flowing through the lubricant path 45 is used as coolant the respective line element 17, 18 can be introduced. For example, the oil flowing through the respective line element 17, 18 can be removed from the respective line element 17, 18 via the connection point 46 or via a further connection point formed separately from the connection point 46 and can be introduced or returned to the lubricant path 45.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the rotor shaft 7 has at least one throw-off area 47, 48 covered by at least one of the winding heads 11, 12 in the radial direction 22 of the rotor shaft 7 or the stator 2. In the in 11 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the rotor shaft 7 has two spin-off areas 47, 48 which are spaced apart from one another in the axial direction 10 of the rotor shaft 7 or the stator, with a first of the spin-off areas 47 being covered by the first winding head 11 in the radial direction 22 and the second of the spin-off areas 48 in the radial direction Direction 22 is covered by the second winding head 12. When the rotor shaft 7 rotates, in particular relative to the stator 2 or the machine housing 4, oil can be specifically thrown off the rotor shaft 7 from the respective spin-off area 47, 48 and onto the respective winding head 11, 12. This means that oil located on the first spin-off area 47 can be thrown onto the first winding head 11 and oil located on the second spin-off area 48 can be thrown onto the second winding head 12. This can be referred to in particular as spray or spray oil cooling. As a result, the respective winding head 11, 12 can be cooled particularly intensively, in particular in that both the respective line element 17, 18 and the spray oil cooling are provided for cooling the respective winding head 11, 12. The hurling of the respective hurling bee Rich 47, 48 or the spinning onto the respective winding head 11, 12 is in 1 and 11 illustrated by arrows 49.

For example, an oil channel running within the rotor shaft 7 and through which the oil can flow is provided. The oil passed through the rotor shaft 7 can be fed to the respective spin-off area 47, 48 via the oil channel. This is in 1 and 11 illustrated by arrows 50.

For example, at least one sealing element 51 is arranged on an outer surface of the rotor shaft 7. As a result, the electrical machine 1, in particular the machine housing 4, can be kept particularly tight, whereby, for example, oil leakage from the electrical machine 1 or from the machine housing 4 can be avoided. Preferably, the sealing element 51 touches the rotor shaft 7 and the machine housing 4 directly.

For example, the oil channel is fluidically connected or connectable to the lubricant path 45, in particular via the connection point 46, in particular directly.

Reference symbol list

1

electric machine

2

stator

3

rotor

4

Machine housing

5

Machine rotation axis

6

Rotor body

7

Rotor shaft

8th

camp

9

Sheet metal package

10

axial direction

11

first winding head

11 a

Scope

12

second winding head

12a

Scope

13

first page

14

second page

15

first surface

16

second area

17

first line element

18

second line element

19

wall

20

Circumferential direction

21

first length range

22

radial direction

23

Outside

23a

first outside

23b

second outside

24

first area

25

second area

26

diameter

27

Arrow

28

Arrow

29

Arrow

30

Arrow

31

Part

32

second length range

33

third length range

34

first flow direction

35

second flow direction

36

third flow direction

37

Cooling channel

38

Housing element

39

first line route

40

second line route

41

Drivetrain

42

transmission

43

vehicle wheel

44

Torque flow

45

Lubricant path

46

Connection point

47

first throwing area

48

second throwing area

49

Arrow

50

Arrow

51

Sealing element

A

first step

b

second step

C

Third step

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1547228 B1 [0002]

Claims (10)

Stator (2) for an electrical machine (1) for a motor vehicle, with a laminated core (9), with at least one winding head (11) which adjoins the laminated core (9) at least indirectly in the axial direction (10) of the stator (2) , and with at least one line element (17) through which a coolant can flow and provided for cooling the winding head (11), which is arranged in the axial direction (10) of the stator (2) next to the laminated core (9), characterized in that the line element (17) has a length region (21) through which the coolant can flow in the circumferential direction (20) of the stator (2), which is located on an outer side (23) of the winding head (11) which faces outwards in the radial direction (22) of the stator (2). is arranged, the line element (17) being clamped to the winding head (11) on the outside (23). stator (2). Claim 1 , characterized in that the winding head (11) has a part (31) which extends obliquely or perpendicularly to the axial direction (10) of the stator (2) and projects outwards, the length region (21) being in the axial direction (10) of the stator (2) is at least partially arranged between the laminated core (9) and the part (31) of the winding head (11). stator (2). Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the line element (17) is arranged in the length range (21) at least over 50 percent of a circumference (11a) of the winding head (11) on the outside (23) of the winding head (11). Stator (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the line element (17) is connected to the winding head (11) via an epoxy resin. Stator (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the line element (17) has a second length region (32) adjoining the length region (21) at one end and through which the coolant can flow, over which the second length region (32 ) flowing coolant can be introduced into the length range (21), and has a third length range (33) adjoining the length range (21) through which the coolant can flow, via which the coolant flowing through the length range (21) from the length range ( 21) can be removed, wherein the second and third length regions (32, 33) can be flowed through by the coolant in a respective flow direction (35, 36) that differs from the circumferential direction (20). stator (2). Claim 5 , characterized in that the second and/or the third length region (32, 33) can be flowed through by the coolant in the radial direction (22) of the stator (2) or in the axial direction (10) of the stator (2). Electric machine (1) for a motor vehicle, with a stator (2) according to one of the preceding claims. Electric machine (1). Claim 7 , characterized in that the electrical machine (1) has a machine housing (4) and a cooling channel (37) through which the coolant can flow and which is formed separately from the line element (17), which runs within a housing element (38) of the machine housing (4). and is fluidly connected to the line element (17). Electric machine (1). Claim 7 , characterized by a connection point (46) which is fluidically connected to the line element (17) and through which oil can flow, via which the line element (17) is connected to a lubricant path (45) of the motor vehicle which is provided for lubricating a gearbox (42) of the motor vehicle and through which oil can flow can be fluidly connected, whereby the oil flowing through the lubricant path (45) can be introduced into the line element (17) as coolant. Electric machine (1) according to one of the Claims 7 until 9 , characterized in that the electrical machine (1) has a rotor shaft (7) which can be rotated relative to the stator (2) and which has a spin-off area (47) covered by the winding head (11) in the radial direction (22) of the rotor shaft (7). has, from which oil can be thrown off the rotor shaft (7) and onto the winding head (11) when the rotor shaft (7) rotates.

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