DE102021005195A1 - Air filter for thermal virus deactivation - Google Patents
Air filter for thermal virus deactivation Download PDFInfo
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- DE102021005195A1 DE102021005195A1 DE102021005195.5A DE102021005195A DE102021005195A1 DE 102021005195 A1 DE102021005195 A1 DE 102021005195A1 DE 102021005195 A DE102021005195 A DE 102021005195A DE 102021005195 A1 DE102021005195 A1 DE 102021005195A1
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- Prior art keywords
- filter
- air
- ventilation systems
- general ventilation
- air purification
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/20—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0028—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions provided with antibacterial or antifungal means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/4263—Means for active heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/005—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
- A61L2209/14—Filtering means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
- A61L2209/16—Connections to a HVAC unit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/91—Bacteria; Microorganisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/06—Polluted air
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Partikelfilter an Luftreinigungs- oder allgemeinen Lüftungsanlagen mit Partikelfiltern dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder die Partikelfilter durchgehend oder in Intervallen auf mindestens 60°C erhitzt wird wobei der Partikelfilter in einem durchlässigen flüssigen und/oder festen Aggregatzustand ist.Particle filters on air purification or general ventilation systems with particle filters, characterized in that the particle filter or filters is heated continuously or at intervals to at least 60°C, the particle filter being in a permeable liquid and/or solid aggregate state.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen oder mehrere hintereinander geschaltete, durchlässige Luftfilter für Partikel aus flüssigem und/oder festem Aggregatzustand mit deren Hilfe eine thermische Deaktivierung in der Luft sich befindlichen Viren erfolgt.The invention relates to one or more permeable air filters for particles in a liquid and/or solid state of aggregation connected in series, with the aid of which viruses in the air are thermally deactivated.
Die Entkeimung von Raumluft ist ein wesentlicher Faktor bei der Prävention virenbedingter Krankheiten, da sich diese hauptsächlich durch Kontakt von Lebewesen zu Lebewesen übertragen. Bei der Prävention virenbedingter Erkrankungen und insbesondere Rahmen massiven Pandemie-Geschehens, wie es im Kontext des Sars-Cov-2 Virus der Fall ist, führt eine Entkeimung zu einer Eindämmung des Infektionsgeschehens, da diese sowohl in privaten als auch in öffentlichen Außenwie Innenräumen eingesetzt werden kann.The disinfection of room air is an essential factor in the prevention of virus-related diseases, since these are mainly transmitted through contact from living beings to living beings. In the prevention of virus-related diseases and in particular in the context of massive pandemic events, as is the case in the context of the Sars-Cov-2 virus, sterilization leads to a containment of the infection process, since these are used in both private and public outdoor and indoor spaces can.
Bekannt sind am Markt erhältliche Entkeimungsanlagen, die über HEPA-Filter verfügen, wodurch allerdings kaum gesicherte Filterung erfolgt. Außerdem verbleibt das infektiöse Material im Filter und birgt daher eine Gefahr einer Infektion bei der späteren Wartung bzw. Instandsetzung. Bei einigen Anlagen wird anstatt Filter UVC-Licht verwendet, welches nur bei ausreichender Dosis wirksam werden kann, was wiederum bei den Anlagen mit größeren Luftströmen verbunden ist. Des Weiteren entsteht Sondermüll durch die kurze Lebensdauer der UVC-Strahler und darüber hinaus ein erheblicher Energieverbrauch.Disinfection systems that are available on the market and that have HEPA filters are known, although this means that there is hardly any reliable filtering. In addition, the infectious material remains in the filter and therefore poses a risk of infection during later maintenance or repair work. In some systems, UVC light is used instead of a filter, which can only be effective if the dose is sufficient, which in turn is associated with larger air flows in the systems. Furthermore, special waste is produced due to the short service life of the UVC lamps and, in addition, a considerable energy consumption.
Die vorbekannten Lüftungsanlagen bzw. ihre Filter sind jedoch bezüglich ihrer Eigenschaft weiter zu verbessern. Dabei ist es von Bedeutung, dass die Verweildauer der mit Viren vorbelasteten Luft relativ kurz verbleibt, die dabei verwendete Höhe an Temperatur und Druck moderat ist und der damit erforderliche Energieverbrauch ebenfalls moderat verbleibt. Hohe Drücke an der Lüftungsanlage erhöhen den Energieverbrauch, reduzieren die Wirtschaftlichkeit und bedeuten eine Mehrbelastung an Lärm für die Lebewesen im Raum. Lange Verweildauer der zu behandelnde Luft im Filter vergrößert zusätzlich die Dimensionen der Anlagen.However, the previously known ventilation systems and their filters are to be further improved with regard to their properties. It is important that the dwell time of the virus-contaminated air remains relatively short, the level of temperature and pressure used is moderate and the energy consumption required for this also remains moderate. High pressures in the ventilation system increase energy consumption, reduce profitability and mean more noise pollution for the living beings in the room. The long dwell time of the air to be treated in the filter also increases the dimensions of the systems.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass in einer Luftreinigungsanlage oder allgemeinen Lüftungsanlage ein mindestens auf 60°C erhitzter Filter (1) im flüssigen und/oder festen Aggregatzustand gestaltet ist und die Viren bereits innerhalb des Filters deaktiviert werden.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that a filter (1) heated to at least 60° C. is designed in the liquid and/or solid aggregate state in an air purification system or general ventilation system and the viruses are already deactivated within the filter.
Die Verwendung von Hitze hat den Vorteil, dass mit moderaten Temperaturen von weniger als 100°C eine Deaktivierung der Viren in der Luft innerhalb von weniger als eine Sekunde erfolgt.The advantage of using heat is that with moderate temperatures of less than 100°C, airborne viruses are deactivated in less than a second.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die mit Viren belastete Luft (2) bei einer Temperatur höher als 75°C durch den warmgehaltenen Filter im festen Aggregatzustand geführt.According to the invention, the virus-laden air (2) is passed at a temperature higher than 75° C. through the filter, which is kept warm, in the solid state of aggregation.
Der Filter selbst kann z.B. aus einem metallischen, wollartigen oder stabsförmig gestalteten Geflecht oder/und ist als Sieb gestaltet werden. Der Filter im festen Aggregatzustand ist in einer vorteilhaften Ausführung aus Heizstäbe(n) gestaltet (5), die von elektrischer Energie durchströmt und somit diese in thermische Energie umwandeln, also in Wärme. Die Maschenstärke beim Filter im festen Aggregatzustand kann relativ groß gehalten werden, sollte dieser allerdings zusätzlich auch Feinstaub; Pollen, Bakterien o.ä. zurückhalten sollen, entsprechend eng sein.The filter itself can, for example, be made of a metallic, wool-like or rod-shaped mesh and/or be designed as a sieve. In an advantageous embodiment, the filter in the solid aggregate state is made of heating rod(s) (5) through which electrical energy flows and thus converts this into thermal energy, i.e. heat. The mesh size of the filter in the solid aggregate state can be kept relatively large, but this should also include fine dust; should hold back pollen, bacteria, etc., should be correspondingly narrow.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführung des Filters im festen Aggregatzustand sieht vor, dass die zu reinigende Luft durch die kalte Seite eines Platten (3) - oder Rohrwärmetauschers fließt, durch dessen warme Seite heiße(s) Flüssigkeit oder Gas (4) fließt.A further advantageous embodiment of the filter in the solid aggregate state provides that the air to be cleaned flows through the cold side of a plate (3) or tubular heat exchanger, through the warm side of which hot liquid or gas (4) flows.
Erfindungsgemäß wird alternativ zum festen Aggregatzustand bei einer Temperatur höher als 70°C ein warmgehaltener Filter im flüssigen Aggregatzustand gestaltet, durch den mit Viren belastete Luft(2) geführt wird.According to the invention, as an alternative to the solid state of aggregation at a temperature higher than 70°C, a warm filter is designed in the liquid state of aggregation, through which air (2) contaminated with viruses is passed.
Dabei wird die zu reinigendeThe to be cleaned
Luft an Düsen oder/und Löcher in einen mit der Flüssigkeit (7) gefüllten Behälters (8) eingeleitet. Bei dem flüssigen Aggregatzustand des flüssigen Filters ist der Vorteil, dass die Luft nicht aktiv durch den Filter unter Druck geleitet werden muss, sondern geräuschminimiert selbstständig wegen des statischen Auftriebs durch die Flüssigkeit aufsteigt. Während die Luft sich noch im flüssigen Filter befindet findet die Deaktivierung der Viren durch die Wärme statt.Air is introduced into nozzles and/or holes in a container (8) filled with the liquid (7). With the liquid aggregate state of the liquid filter, the advantage is that the air does not have to be actively passed through the filter under pressure, but rises independently through the liquid with minimal noise due to the static buoyancy. While the air is still in the liquid filter, the viruses are deactivated by the heat.
Bei einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die flüssigen und festen Filter in einer Anlage hintereinander angebracht.In a preferred embodiment, the liquid and solid filters are mounted in a unit in tandem.
Die Erfindung wird anhand von drei Zeichnungen erläutert.
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1 zeigt einen aus Plattenwärmetauscher (3) gebauten Filter (1), durch dessen Platten in Gegenstromverfahren heiße Flüssigkeit (4) und die mit Viren behaftete, zu reinigende Luft (2) fließt. Während der Durchströmung der Luft durch diesen Plattenwärmetauscher findet die Deaktivierung der Viren statt. Durch die Anordnung des Plattenwärmetauschers (3) ist die Verweildauer der Luft (2) im Filter (1) verlängert und beträgt länger als 0,5s. -
2 zeigt einen Metallfilter (5), dessen Material elektrisch analog wie bei Heizstäben erwärmt wird. Die Luft mit den zu deaktivierenden Viren (2) fließt durch das Material des Filters. -
3 zeigt einen flüssigen Filter als Behälter (8) gestaltet mit erwärmter Filterflüssigkeit (7) durch die die Luft mit den zu deaktivierenden Viren (2) aufsteigt.
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1 shows a filter (1) made from a plate heat exchanger (3), through the plates of which hot liquid (4) and the virus-tainted air to be cleaned (2) flow in a countercurrent process. Viruses are deactivated as the air flows through this plate heat exchanger. Due to the arrangement of the plate heat exchanger (3), the dwell time of the air (2) in the filter (1) is longer and is longer than 0.5s. -
2 shows a metal filter (5), the material of which is electrically heated in the same way as with heating rods. The air with the viruses (2) to be deactivated flows through the material of the filter. -
3 shows a liquid filter designed as a container (8) with heated filter liquid (7) through which the air with the viruses (2) to be deactivated rises.
Nicht dargestellt ist eine Abbildung, bei der mehrere Heizstäbe zueinander in unterschiedlicher Stellung angebracht sind, wodurch die Luft (2) in ihrem geradlinienförmigen Verlauf unterbrochen wird und so die Verweildauer im Filter verlängert wird. Ebenfalls ist nicht dargestellt der Vorschlag, dass Elemente in dem Filter angebracht sind, die einen „Drall“ zu der Achse der Fortbewegung der Luft verursachen, was zu einer Verlängerung der Verweildauer führen.Not shown is a figure in which several heating rods are attached in different positions relative to one another, as a result of which the air (2) is interrupted in its straight-line course and the dwell time in the filter is thus lengthened. Also not shown is the suggestion that elements be placed in the filter that cause a "twist" to the axis of air travel, leading to an increase in residence time.
Durch den vorliegenden Vorschlag wird ein Filter geschaffen, der bei geringem Gewicht, Abmessungen, Energieverbrauch und Lärm überraschend stabil und zu einem Prozentanteil von mehr als 90 die Viren in der Luft deaktiviert.The present proposal creates a filter that is surprisingly stable with low weight, dimensions, energy consumption and noise and deactivates the viruses in the air to a percentage of more than 90%.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102021005195.5A DE102021005195A1 (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Air filter for thermal virus deactivation |
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DE102021005195.5A DE102021005195A1 (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Air filter for thermal virus deactivation |
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DE102021005195A1 true DE102021005195A1 (en) | 2023-04-20 |
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DE102021005195.5A Withdrawn DE102021005195A1 (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2021-10-19 | Air filter for thermal virus deactivation |
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Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10151082A1 (en) | 2001-10-16 | 2003-04-17 | Kurt F Geier | Removing pollutants from room air comprises feeding room circulating air via wall or standing device which has been saturated with calcium, salt and oils to purify air and eliminate bacteria on different types of clay |
DE10339142A1 (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-24 | Regina Brunnhuber | Disinfection method for ventilation and air conditioning uses combination of filters, microwaves, UV light and atmospheric pressure plasma |
WO2010058391A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | Yosef Ohana | Air purifying water filter |
JP2013155995A (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-15 | Fujitsu General Ltd | Humidifying device |
JP2013220183A (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2013-10-28 | Denso Corp | Purification device |
US8925907B2 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2015-01-06 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Ventilating apparatus, and method for controlling the ventilating apparatus |
-
2021
- 2021-10-19 DE DE102021005195.5A patent/DE102021005195A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10151082A1 (en) | 2001-10-16 | 2003-04-17 | Kurt F Geier | Removing pollutants from room air comprises feeding room circulating air via wall or standing device which has been saturated with calcium, salt and oils to purify air and eliminate bacteria on different types of clay |
DE10339142A1 (en) | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-24 | Regina Brunnhuber | Disinfection method for ventilation and air conditioning uses combination of filters, microwaves, UV light and atmospheric pressure plasma |
WO2010058391A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | Yosef Ohana | Air purifying water filter |
US8925907B2 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2015-01-06 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Ventilating apparatus, and method for controlling the ventilating apparatus |
JP2013155995A (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-15 | Fujitsu General Ltd | Humidifying device |
JP2013220183A (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2013-10-28 | Denso Corp | Purification device |
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