DE102020213157A1 - Temperature control device, temperature control system, vehicle and method for operating a temperature control system - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to provide a temperature control device, by means of which one or more electrochemical systems can be temperature controlled, in particular cooled, as efficiently as possible and by means of which a temperature control, in particular cooling, which is as dirt-free as possible can be implemented, it is proposed that the temperature control device should have a temperature control fluid feed for supplying and/or introducing a temperature control fluid into one or more electrochemical systems and/or a temperature control fluid discharge for removing and/or discharging the temperature control fluid from the one or more electrochemical systems, the temperature control fluid supply and/or the temperature control fluid discharge being detachable, in particular fluid-tight, with the one or more electrochemical systems are connectable.

Description

The present invention relates to a temperature control device for temperature control, in particular cooling, of one or more electrochemical systems.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a temperature control system.

The invention further relates to a vehicle.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for operating a temperature control system, in particular a temperature control system according to the invention.

The object of the present invention is to provide a temperature control device by means of which one or more electrochemical systems can be temperature controlled, in particular cooled, as efficiently as possible and by means of which temperature control, in particular cooling, which is as dirt-free as possible, can be formed.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a temperature control device according to claim 1 .

The temperature control device for temperature control, in particular cooling, of one or more electrochemical systems comprises a temperature control fluid supply for supplying and/or introducing a temperature control fluid into one or more electrochemical systems.

In addition or as an alternative, the temperature control device includes a temperature control fluid outlet for removing and/or discharging the temperature control fluid from the one or more electrochemical systems.

The one or more electrochemical systems are, for example, one or more battery modules.

Preferably, the temperature control fluid supply and/or the temperature control fluid discharge can and/or can be detachably connected to the one or more electrochemical systems, in particular in a fluid-tight manner.

The temperature control device is preferably a temperature control station. In particular, one or more electrochemical systems can be temperature-controlled and/or temperature-controlled in a stationary state and/or non-operating state and/or charge state of the one or more electrochemical systems by means of the temperature control device.

For example, one or more electrochemical systems can be cooled and/or cooled by means of the temperature control device in a stationary state and/or non-operating state and/or charge state of the one or more electrochemical systems.

The temperature control device is in particular a stationary temperature control device and/or a permanently installed temperature control device.

It can be favorable if the temperature control fluid supply and/or the temperature control fluid discharge are connected to the one or more electrochemical systems in a hermetically sealed temperature control fluid circuit, in particular independently of the ambient air, with the one or more electrochemical systems. For example, a hermetically sealed cooling fluid circuit is formed.

Contamination of the one or more electrochemical systems, as often occurs in conventional air cooling systems, can be minimized or avoided by the formation of a closed temperature control fluid circuit.

The temperature control device preferably forms a separate unit. It is, for example, an external temperature control device.

It can be advantageous if the temperature control device comprises one or more cooling elements for cooling heated temperature control fluid. The temperature control device preferably includes a temperature control fluid guide for guiding the temperature control fluid through the temperature control device.

All of the elements and/or substances specified in the context of this description and the appended claims by the addition “tempering” can be elements for cooling, for example. For example, the temperature control fluid supply can be a cooling fluid supply and/or the temperature control fluid discharge can be a cooling fluid discharge.

Cooling plates are preferably dispensable.

In particular, the temperature control device is designed and/or set up in such a way that a temperature control fluid that has been preconditioned to approximately 5° C. heats up to approximately 10° C. when the one or more electrochemical systems are heated.

The tempering fluid is preferably a cooling fluid.

Preferably, the tempering fluid comprises or consists of cleaned and/or dehumidified air educated. In comparison to tempering fluids, which include water, an environmentally harmful antifreeze additive is not necessary.

The tempering fluid is preferably essentially free of particles.

By using a temperature control fluid, which includes cleaned and/or dehumidified air or is formed from it, the temperature control device can be made more compact in comparison to temperature control devices in which a liquid cooling medium is used.

By using dehumidified air, condensation of liquid in one or more electrochemical systems can be avoided. In particular, lengthened air gaps and/or creepage distances and/or an increase in volume caused thereby are unnecessary.

Through the use of dehumidified air as temperature control fluid, regular dehumidification of the one or more electrochemical systems can be carried out and/or is carried out, for example through the temperature control.

• - weniger Komponenten notwendig, wodurch Gewicht und/oder Kosten reduziert sein können; und/oder
• - keine Luftblasen in Temperierflüssigkeit und/oder
• - kompaktere Bauform ausbildbar.

By using air as the temperature control fluid, the temperature control device preferably has one or more of the following features and/or advantages compared to liquid-temperature-controlled systems:

• - fewer components required, which can reduce weight and/or costs; and or
• - no air bubbles in the heat transfer liquid and/or
• - More compact design can be formed.

It can be advantageous if the temperature control device comprises at least one dehumidifying element, which contains silica, for example.

In this way, regular dehumidification of the respective electrochemical system can be carried out.

It can be advantageous if the temperature control device comprises one or more temperature lowering elements, by means of which a temperature of the temperature control fluid is reduced by approx. 3° C. or more, in particular by approx. 4° C. or more, and/or to a temperature of approx. 5° C can be lowered.

For example, the temperature control device includes one or more heat exchanger elements, in which a heat exchanger fluid flows, for example. Through the heat transfer elements, which are in direct contact with the temperature control fluid, heat can be transferred from the temperature control fluid to the heat transfer fluid. The temperature of the tempering fluid drops as a result.

For example, the one or more heat exchanger elements are part of one or more air conditioning elements, which in particular form a part of the temperature control device.

Provision can be made for the at least one dehumidifying element to form part of the air-conditioning element or one or more of the air-conditioning elements.

It can be favorable if the one or more temperature lowering elements have a cooling capacity of approximately 200 W or more and/or approximately 1350 W or less.

For example, a cooling capacity of approx. 440 W is required to reduce the temperature of the tempering fluid by approx. 10 °C.

It can be advantageous if the temperature control device comprises at least one conveying element, for example at least one pump and/or a fan. The at least one conveying element preferably has a conveying capacity of approximately 35 m ³ /h or more and/or approximately 390 m ³ /h or less.

The temperature control fluid supply preferably comprises a temperature control fluid supply nozzle or is formed from it. In particular, the temperature control fluid supply includes part of a bayonet lock or is formed from it.

Preferably, the temperature control fluid outlet comprises a temperature control fluid outlet nozzle or is formed from it. In particular, the temperature control fluid outlet includes part of a bayonet lock or is formed from it.

The invention also relates to a temperature control system.

In this regard, the invention is based on the object of providing a temperature control system by means of which one or more electrochemical systems can be temperature controlled, in particular cooled, as efficiently as possible and by means of which temperature control, in particular cooling, which is as dirt-free as possible, can be formed.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a temperature control system according to the independent claim directed to a temperature control system.

The temperature control system comprises one or more temperature control devices according to the invention and one or more electrochemical systems. The one or more temperature control devices are fluidically connected to the one or more electrochemical systems when the temperature control system is in an operating state. In a non-operating state of the temperature control system, the one or more temperature control devices can be detached from the one or more electrochemical systems without being destroyed.

For example, the temperature control system comprises two temperature control devices, with a temperature control fluid supply and a temperature control fluid discharge of the respective temperature control devices being connected to an electrochemical system of the temperature control system, in particular when the temperature control system is in an operating state.

One or more features of the temperature control device according to the invention and/or one or more advantages of the temperature control device according to the invention preferably apply equally to the temperature control system according to the invention.

The operating state of the temperature control system preferably denotes a state of the temperature control system in which the one or more electrochemical systems are temperature-controlled, for example cooled, for example an average temperature of the one or more electrochemical systems is lowered and/or a temperature rise is actively avoided. In the operating state of the temperature control system, the one or more electrochemical systems are preferably charged.

The average temperature of the respective electrochemical system preferably designates an average temperature of all components of the respective electrochemical system and/or an interior temperature.

In the present description and the appended claims, “cooling” preferably refers to lowering an average temperature of the corresponding element and/or medium and/or maintaining a target temperature that has already been reached.

The non-operating state of the temperature control system preferably denotes a state of the temperature control system in which the one or more electrochemical systems are not temperature controlled, for example cooled, by the one or more temperature control devices.

Because the temperature control device is designed to be structurally and/or spatially separate from the one or more electrochemical systems, the one or more electrochemical systems preferably have a reduced weight compared to electrochemical systems in which the temperature control devices are an integral part of the form electrochemical systems.

Due to the reduced weight, vehicles that include part of a temperature control system can have a greater range, for example.

In particular, vehicles can have optimized acceleration properties.

An auxiliary current element for operating a temperature control fluid pump during operation of the one or more electrochemical systems while the vehicle is in motion is in particular unnecessary.

In particular, a temperature control fluid leak can be avoided in an operating state of the one or more electrochemical systems.

Temperature control of the one or more electrochemical systems and operation of the one or more electrochemical systems can be separated in particular in terms of time and/or space.

It can be advantageous if the temperature control system includes a stationary unit for stationary temperature control of the one or more electrochemical systems and a mobile unit, the stationary unit including or being formed from the temperature control device and the mobile unit including the one or more electrochemical systems includes or is formed from.

The temperature control device and the one or more electrochemical systems preferably form a closed temperature control fluid circuit in the operating state of the temperature control system and/or are fluidically separated from an environment of the temperature control system.

It can be favorable if additional temperature control fluid can be fed into the temperature control fluid circuit and/or can be fed to the temperature control fluid circuit during a charging process of the one or more electrochemical systems.

Tempering fluid connected to a power supply element, for example a power hose, can preferably be fed and/or supplied during the charging process.

It can be provided that the temperature control system comprises at least one pressure equalization element, which is designed such that it opens when a critical pressure in the temperature control system is exceeded, thereby bringing about a pressure equalization with the surroundings of the temperature control system.

For example, the at least one pressure compensation element (each) is arranged on a housing of the one or more electrochemical systems.

In addition or as an alternative, it can be provided that one or more pressure compensation elements are arranged on a housing of the temperature control device, for example on a housing of a temperature lowering element.

It can be advantageous if the one or more electrochemical systems have an average thermal capacity of approximately 800 J/(kg-K) or more, in particular approximately 850 J/(kg-K) or more.

For example, in the course of driving a vehicle that includes the one or more electrochemical systems, heat loss that occurs can be absorbed without critical temperatures for driving being exceeded.

In particular, one or more electrochemical units of the one or more electrochemical systems are designed and/or set up in such a way that they can take 15° C. without exceeding an operating temperature of the one or more electrochemical units.

The operating temperature of the one or more electrochemical units is preferably about 80°C or less.

The one or more electrochemical systems or one or more elements of the one or more electrochemical systems preferably have one or more insulation elements for thermal insulation, for example in the form of a coating.

The one or more insulating elements preferably comprise or are formed from a thermally insulating polymeric material.

Additionally or alternatively, the one or more insulation elements comprise or are formed from a foam material. Optimized shock absorption properties can be achieved by using foam material. In particular, properties of the one or more electrochemical systems are optimized in the event of a crash.

The one or more insulating elements are preferably designed to be thermally insulating as a whole.

As used in this specification and the appended claims, “thermally insulating” means in particular that a corresponding material and/or element has a thermal conductivity of less than about 5 W/(K·m).

It can be advantageous if the one or more insulation elements form a coating of a housing of the electrochemical system and/or a coating of a housing of one or more electrochemical units of the respective electrochemical system. Preferably, the one or more insulating elements comprise or are formed from a thermally insulating polymeric material. For example, the thermally insulating polymer material is foamed.

In particular, the influence of increased outside temperatures is minimized by the one or more insulation elements.

It can be favorable if an insulating element is arranged on an outside of the housing facing away from an interior of the housing of the respective electrochemical system, for example in the form of an outer skin.

In addition or as an alternative, it can be provided that an insulating element is arranged on an outside of the housing facing away from an interior of the housing of the respective electrochemical unit, for example in the form of an outer skin.

Preferably, the one or more electrochemical systems comprise one or more electrochemical units, which are arranged in such a way that they are spaced apart from a housing of the respective electrochemical system and/or from one another, in particular such that the one or more electrochemical units of the respective electrochemical system are evenly flowed around by the tempering fluid.

For example, the temperature control system includes one or more flow areas between an inner wall of the housing of the electrochemical system and an outer wall tion of a housing of one or more electrochemical units are arranged.

In addition or as an alternative, one or more further flow areas are arranged between adjacent electrochemical units.

The flow areas are preferably formed by one or more spacer elements, for example by a frame.

A tempering fluid guide is preferably formed through the one or more flow areas.

Directions of flow of the temperature control fluid through the temperature control fluid guide preferably run parallel to the main sides of the electrochemical units. In particular, the temperature control fluid flows from a temperature control fluid supply to a temperature control fluid discharge.

Preferably, the one or more electrochemical units are electrochemical cells, such as lithium ion batteries. The one or more electrochemical systems are then preferably one or more battery modules.

Alternatively, it can be provided that one or more battery modules are used as electrochemical units. The one or more electrochemical systems are then, for example, one or more battery packs.

In particular, the one or more electrochemical units are arranged in such a way that an essentially uniformly distributed temperature control fluid flow, for example an air flow, is formed.

The invention also relates to a vehicle.

The vehicle preferably includes one or more electrochemical systems. In particular, the vehicle comprises one or more connecting elements for connecting the one or more electrochemical systems to one or more temperature control fluid supplies and/or one or more temperature control fluid discharges of one or more temperature control devices according to the invention.

One or more features of the temperature control device according to the invention and/or one or more advantages of the temperature control device according to the invention preferably apply equally to the vehicle according to the invention.

In particular, the temperature control device is arranged outside of the vehicle.

It can be favorable if the connecting elements are arranged on both sides with respect to a longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

Alternatively it can be provided that the connecting elements are arranged on a vehicle floor.

Preferably, a temperature control fluid discharge connection piece and/or a temperature control fluid supply connection piece can be and/or accommodated by the connecting elements.

The invention also relates to a method for operating a temperature control system, in particular for operating a temperature control system according to the invention.

An electrochemical system is provided, such as an electrochemical system of a vehicle. The electrochemical system is detachably connected to a temperature control fluid supply and/or a temperature control fluid discharge of a temperature control device, so that a closed temperature control fluid circuit is created.

Due to the closed temperature control fluid circuit, the temperature control system is in particular independent of the ambient air.

The temperature of the electrochemical system is controlled by passing a temperature control fluid, which is temperature controlled by the temperature control device, through the electrochemical system.

For example, a vehicle in a vehicle fleet can be temperature-controlled overnight in a depot.

For example, the electrochemical system is cooled by passing a temperature control fluid cooled through the temperature control device.

The tempering fluid is preferably preconditioned before it is passed through the electrochemical system.

One or more features of the temperature control device according to the invention and/or one or more advantages of the temperature control device according to the invention preferably apply equally to the method according to the invention for operating a temperature control system.

It can be favorable if the electrochemical system is, in particular exclusively, in a charging state and/or in a non-operating state State of the electrochemical system tempered, for example cooled, is.

An operation of the electrochemical system and/or a power supply of the electrochemical system are in particular independent of the temperature control in terms of time and/or space.

• - eine Temperierung kann in einem Nichtbetriebszustand und/oder Ladezustand des einen oder der mehreren elektrochemischen Systeme durchgeführt werden; und/oder
• - die Temperiervorrichtung ist nur zeitweise, insbesondere zum Temperieren, mit der einen oder den mehreren elektrochemischen Systemen verbunden; und/oder
• - beispielsweise können das eine oder die mehreren elektrochemischen Systeme zu einem Zeitpunkt temperiert werden, zu dem ein Fahrzeug, welches mittels des einen oder der mehreren elektrochemischen Systeme betrieben wird, gereinigt und/oder geladen wird; und/oder
• - Temperierfluid, welches bereits durch die eine oder die mehreren elektrochemischen Systeme hindurchgeführt wurde, kann erneut zur Temperierung verwendet werden, beispielsweise nachdem dessen Temperatur durch mindestens ein Temperatursenkelement (erneut) gesenkt wurde; und/oder
• - durch eine einzelne Temperiervorrichtung können elektrochemische Systeme mehrerer Fahrzeuge temperiert werden, wodurch insbesondere Kosten eingespart werden können;
• - verbesserte Crasheigenschaften eines entsprechenden Fahrzeugs, insbesondere durch ein optimiertes Gewicht;
• - beispielsweise ist ein Gewicht des Temperiersystems um 15 kg oder mehr, beispielsweise um ca. 20 kg oder mehr, geringer als ein Gewicht eines Temperiersystems mit interner Temperiervorrichtung.

Preferably, the temperature control system also has one or more of the following features and/or advantages:

• - Temperature control can be carried out in a non-operating state and/or charging state of the one or more electrochemical systems; and or
• - The temperature control device is only temporarily, in particular for temperature control, connected to the one or more electrochemical systems; and or
• - for example, the one or more electrochemical systems can be temperature-controlled at a time when a vehicle, which is operated by means of the one or more electrochemical systems, is being cleaned and/or charged; and or
• Temperature control fluid that has already been passed through the one or more electrochemical systems can be used again for temperature control, for example after its temperature has been lowered (again) by at least one temperature sink element; and or
• - Electrochemical systems of several vehicles can be temperature-controlled by a single temperature-control device, as a result of which costs can be saved in particular;
• - Improved crash properties of a corresponding vehicle, in particular through an optimized weight;
• - For example, the weight of the temperature control system is 15 kg or more, for example approximately 20 kg or more, less than the weight of a temperature control system with an internal temperature control device.

Further features and/or advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the graphic representation of exemplary embodiments.

• 1 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform eines Fahrzeugs, welche ein Temperiersystem umfasst, wobei das Temperiersystem eine oder mehrere Temperiervorrichtungen umfasst, die fluidwirksam und/oder fluiddicht mit einem oder mehreren elektrochemischen Systemen verbunden sind, in einem Betriebszustand des Temperiersystems;
• 2 eine schematische Draufsicht auf das Fahrzeug aus 1;
• 3 eine der 1 entsprechende schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Fahrzeugs, bei welcher das Temperiersystem ein oder mehrere elektrochemische Systeme umfasst, welche einen Strömungsbereich umfassen, der zwischen einer Wandung eines Gehäuses des jeweiligen elektrochemischen Systems und Gehäusewandungen einer oder mehrerer elektrochemischer Einheiten des jeweiligen elektrochemischen Systems angeordnet sind; und
• 4 eine der 1 entsprechende schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Fahrzeugs, bei welcher das Temperiersystem ein oder mehrere elektrochemische Systeme umfasst, welche mehrere weitere Strömungsbereiche umfassen, die zwischen Gehäusewandungen benachbarter elektrochemischer Einheiten des jeweiligen elektrochemischen Systems angeordnet sind.

In the drawings show:

• 1 a schematic cross section through an embodiment of a vehicle, which includes a temperature control system, wherein the temperature control system includes one or more temperature control devices that are fluidly effective and / or fluid-tightly connected to one or more electrochemical systems, in an operating state of the temperature control system;
• 2 a schematic plan view of the vehicle 1 ;
• 3 one of the 1 corresponding schematic representation of a further embodiment of a vehicle, in which the temperature control system comprises one or more electrochemical systems which comprise a flow area which is arranged between a wall of a housing of the respective electrochemical system and housing walls of one or more electrochemical units of the respective electrochemical system; and
• 4 one of the 1 corresponding schematic representation of a further embodiment of a vehicle, in which the temperature control system comprises one or more electrochemical systems, which comprise several further flow areas, which are arranged between housing walls of adjacent electrochemical units of the respective electrochemical system.

Identical or functionally equivalent elements are denoted by the same reference symbols in all figures.

In the 1 and 2 1, an embodiment of a vehicle, designated 100 as a whole, is shown. In 1 1, the vehicle 100 is shown in a cross-section taken along a direction perpendicular to the vehicle longitudinal axis.

Vehicle 100 includes a temperature control system 102. Temperature control system 102 is preferably used for temperature control of one or more electrochemical systems 108.

All of the figures show temperature control systems 102 in an operating state of the respective temperature control system 102 and/or in a non-operating state of the electrochemical systems 108 .

The temperature control system 102 comprises a mobile unit 104 and a stationary unit 106.

The mobile unit 104 can preferably be moved relative to the stationary unit 106 when the temperature control system 102 is in a non-operating state. The mobile unit 104 preferably comprises one or more (in this case two) electrochemical systems 108. The mobile unit 104 is in this case formed by the vehicle 100 including the electrochemical systems 108 .

For example, the electrochemical systems 108 are battery modules or battery packs.

Preferably, the electrochemical systems 108 have an average heat capacity of about 800 J/(kg-K) or more, for example about 850 J/(kg-K) or more.

For example, all of the electrochemical cells of the electrochemical systems 108 have an average heat capacity of about 800 J/(kg-K) or more, for example about 850 J/(kg-K) or more.

An internal resistance of the electrochemical cells is, for example, approximately 20 mΩ to approximately 30 mΩ in each case.

The stationary unit 106 is preferably a stationary unit both in an operating state and in a non-operating state of the temperature control system 102 .

The stationary unit 106 preferably comprises one or more (here two) temperature control devices 110 of the temperature control system 102. In the present case, the temperature control devices 110 are cooling devices 112.

In the present case, temperature control system 102 is a cooling system 114. In the present case, temperature control devices 110 each include a temperature lowering element 116.

It can be favorable if the temperature lowering elements 116 are connected to one of the electrochemical systems 108 in an operating state of the temperature control system 102 by a temperature control fluid supply 118 and/or a temperature control fluid discharge 120 of the respective temperature control device 110 .

The respective temperature control fluid supply 118 serves in particular to supply and/or introduce a temperature control fluid into the respective electrochemical system 108.

The respective temperature control fluid outlet 120 is used in particular to remove and/or discharge the temperature control fluid from the respective electrochemical system 108.

For example, the temperature control fluid supplies 118 each include a temperature control fluid supply connector 124 or are formed from it. In particular, the tempering fluid supplies 118 each include part of a bayonet lock.

When temperature control system 102 is in an operating state, temperature control fluid supply sockets 124 and/or the parts of the bayonet lock are each connected, in particular in a fluid-effective manner, to a connecting element 125 of vehicle 100 .

For example, the tempering fluid discharges 120 each include a tempering fluid discharge socket 130 or are formed therefrom. In particular, the tempering fluid outlets 120 each include part of a bayonet lock.

The tempering fluid discharge nozzle 130 and/or the parts of the bayonet lock are each connected to a connecting element 125 of the vehicle 100 in an operating state of the tempering system 102, in particular in a fluid-effective manner.

In the present case, the connecting elements 125 are arranged laterally with respect to a vehicle floor (cf. 2 ).

Alternatively, it can be provided that the connecting elements 125 are arranged on the vehicle floor.

In the present case, the electrochemical systems 108 in the operating state of the temperature control system 102 form a closed temperature control fluid circuit 122 via the temperature control fluid supplies 118 and the temperature control fluid discharges 120 together with the temperature lowering elements 116.

The tempering fluid preferably includes cleaned and/or dehumidified air or is formed from it. For example, the tempering fluid is a cooling fluid.

It can be advantageous if the temperature lowering elements 116 are climate elements which, for example, comprise one or more heat exchanger elements through which a heat exchanger fluid flows.

In the present case, a temperature of the tempering fluid can be reduced by approx. 3°C or more, in particular by approx. 4°C or more, and/or to a temperature of approx. 5°C.

It can be advantageous if the temperature control device 110 comprises at least one dehumidifying element 126 (schematically indicated). The at least one dehumidifying element 126 contains silica, for example.

Preferably, each of the at least one dehumidifying element 126 comprises a silica cartridge.

In particular, the at least one dehumidifying element 126 serves to dry and/or dehumidify the temperature control fluid.

For example, at least one dehumidifying element 126 is arranged in one of the temperature control elements 116 and/or forms part thereof.

It can be favorable if the temperature control devices 110 each comprise at least one conveying element 128 (schematically indicated). The at least one conveying element 128 is, for example, at least one pump and/or at least one fan.

The at least one conveying element 128 preferably serves to convey the temperature control fluid through temperature control system 102.

It can be advantageous if each conveying element 128 has a conveying capacity of approximately 35 m ³ /h or more and/or approximately 390 m ³ /h or less.

It can be advantageous if the temperature control system 108 comprises at least one pressure compensation element (not shown in the drawing). The at least one pressure equalization element is preferably designed in such a way that when a critical pressure in temperature control system 102 is exceeded, it enters an open state, thereby bringing about a pressure equalization between temperature control system 102 and an environment of temperature control system 102.

For example, the at least one pressure compensation element (each) is arranged on a housing 136 of the one or more electrochemical systems 108 .

In addition or as an alternative, it can be provided that one or more pressure compensation elements is arranged on a housing of one or all of the temperature control devices 110, for example on a housing of one or all of the temperature lowering elements 116.

In the present case, the electrochemical systems 108 each have an insulation element 132 which is used in particular for thermal insulation of the electrochemical systems 108 . For example, the insulation elements 132 are formed as coating(s) 134 on a housing 136 of the respective electrochemical system 108 . For example, the coating 134 forms an outer skin arranged on an outside facing away from an interior of the housing 136 .

In addition or as an alternative, it can be provided that one or more electrochemical units of the respective electrochemical system 108 have an insulation element 132, for example a coating 134. The insulating element 132 is arranged in particular on a housing of the respective electrochemical unit (in the 1 and 2 not shown graphically). For example, a coating 134 forms an outer skin arranged on an outside facing away from an interior of the housing of the respective electrochemical unit.

It can be favorable if the insulation elements 132 comprise or are formed from a thermally insulating polymer material. In particular, the thermally insulating polymer material is foamed and/or a foam material.

• Beispielsweise während die elektrochemischen Systeme 108 geladen werden und/oder in einem Nichtbetriebszustand des Fahrzeugs 100 und/oder der elektrochemischen Systeme 108 werden die Temperiervorrichtungen 110 fluidwirksam mit den elektrochemischen Systemen 108 verbunden.

The temperature control system 102 preferably works as follows:

• For example, while the electrochemical systems 108 are being charged and/or in a non-operating state of the vehicle 100 and/or the electrochemical systems 108, the temperature control devices 110 are fluidly connected to the electrochemical systems 108.

In the connected state, the electrochemical systems 108 and the temperature control devices 110 are sealed in a fluid-tight manner, in particular with respect to an environment of the temperature control system 102 .

The tempering fluid is and/or is preferably preconditioned to a temperature of approx. 5°C. The tempering fluid is then preferably conducted through the electrochemical systems 108 .

For example, the temperature control fluid is cooled down in the temperature lowering elements 116 and then introduced through the temperature control fluid supplies 118 into the electrochemical systems 108 and passed through them. A temperature of the electrochemical systems 108 is thereby reduced in particular.

The temperature of the tempering fluid is particularly increased here, for example to approx. 10°C.

In the present case, the temperature control fluid flows from a temperature control fluid inlet 118 to a temperature control fluid outlet 120.

After passing through the electrochemical systems 108, the temperature control fluid is preferably discharged through the temperature control fluid outlets 120 derived from the electrochemical systems 108 and passed through the temperature sinking elements 116 again. In this case, the temperature of the tempering fluid is lowered again, for example to a temperature of approx. 5°C.

Provision can be made for additional temperature control fluid to be fed into and/or supplied to a temperature control fluid circuit during a charging process of the electrochemical systems 108 and/or in an operating state of the temperature control system 102 .

For example, additional temperature control fluid is supplied to the temperature control fluid circuit through a temperature control fluid line, which is coupled and/or connected to a power supply element for the power supply of the electrochemical systems 108 .

The power supply element is preferably a power hose which is connected to the electrochemical systems 108 in order to charge them.

In a non-operating state of the temperature control system 102, the temperature control fluid supplies 118 and/or the temperature control fluid discharges 120 can be detached from the electrochemical cells 108 in particular without being destroyed.

The vehicle 100 can preferably be moved away from the temperature control device 110 when the temperature control system 102 is in a non-operating state.

The non-operating state of the temperature control system 102 preferably denotes a state in which the electrochemical systems 108 and the temperature control device 110 are not fluidly connected to one another.

one inside 3 illustrated further embodiment of a vehicle 100 differs in terms of structure and function essentially by the in the 1 and 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the electrochemical units 138 of the illustrated electrochemical system 108 are spaced apart from a wall of the housing 136 of the electrochemical system 108 . Thus, in the present case, flow areas 140 are formed around the electrochemical units 138 and/or between the electrochemical units 138 and a wall of the housing 136 of the respective electrochemical system 108 .

The electrochemical units 138 are preferably electrochemical cells, such as lithium ion batteries, or battery modules.

In the present case, the electrochemical system 108 comprises four electrochemical units 138.

A tempering fluid guide 142 is formed by the flow regions 140, for example. The temperature control fluid guide 142 allows the electrochemical units 138 to flow uniformly from the outside with and/or from the temperature control fluid.

Directions of flow of the tempering fluid are indicated schematically by arrows.

In particular, the temperature control fluid flows through the temperature control fluid guide 142 from the temperature control fluid inlet 118 to the temperature control fluid outlet 120 , for example along directions running parallel to the main sides of the electrochemical units 138 .

Incidentally, the in 3 illustrated further embodiment of a vehicle 100 in terms of structure and function essentially with the in the 1 and 2 illustrated embodiment match, so that reference is made to the extent to their description.

one inside 4 The further embodiment of a vehicle 100 illustrated differs from that in FIG 3 illustrated embodiment that the electrochemical units 138 are spaced from each other.

Thus, in the present case, further flow areas 140 are formed between adjacent electrochemical units 138 .

The electrochemical units 138 are preferably kept spaced apart from one another by spacer elements (not shown in the drawing). In particular, a spacer element is arranged between each two adjacent electrochemical units 138 .

For example, the one or more spacer elements are formed by a frame in which the electrochemical units 138 are accommodated and/or held.

In the present case, the electrochemical system 108 comprises three electrochemical units 138.

Incidentally, the in 4 illustrated further embodiment of a vehicle 100 in terms of structure and function essentially with the in 3 illustrated embodiment match, so that reference is made to the extent to their description.

The temperature control devices 110 preferably form an external cooling of the electrochemical systems 108.

Claims (15)

Temperature control device (110) for temperature control, in particular cooling, of one or more electrochemical systems (108), the temperature control device (110) comprising the following: - A tempering fluid supply (118) for supplying and/or introducing a tempering fluid into one or more electrochemical systems (108); and or - a temperature control fluid outlet (120) for removing and/or discharging the temperature control fluid from the one or more electrochemical systems (108), the temperature control fluid inlet (118) and/or the temperature control fluid outlet (120), in particular in a fluid-tight manner, with the one or more electrochemical systems (108) are detachably connected. Temperature control device (110) after claim 1 , characterized in that the temperature control fluid comprises or is formed from cleaned and/or dehumidified air. Temperature control device (110) after claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the temperature control device (110) comprises at least one dehumidifying element (126), which contains, for example, silica. Temperature control device (110) according to one of Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the temperature control device (110) comprises one or more temperature lowering elements (116), by means of which a temperature of the tempering fluid by about 3 ° C or more, in particular by about 4 ° C or more, and / or to a temperature can be lowered by approx. 5 °C. Temperature control device (110) according to one of Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the temperature control device (110) comprises at least one conveying element (128), for example at least one pump and/or a fan, the at least one conveying element (128) preferably having a conveying capacity of approx. 35 m ³ /h or more and/or of about 390 m ³ /h or less. Temperature control device (110) according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the temperature control fluid supply (118) comprises or is formed from a temperature control fluid supply connection piece (124) and/or comprises part of a bayonet lock or is formed from it, and/or in that the temperature control fluid outlet (118) comprises or consists of a temperature control fluid outlet connection piece (130). is formed and / or includes a part of a bayonet fitting or is formed therefrom. Temperature control system (102), comprising one or more temperature control devices (110) according to one of Claims 1 until 6 and one or more electrochemical systems (108), wherein the one or more temperature control devices (110) are fluidically connected to the one or more electrochemical systems (108) in an operating state of the temperature control system (102), and wherein the one or more temperature control devices (110) can be detached non-destructively from the one or more electrochemical systems (108) when the temperature control system (102) is in a non-operating state. Temperature control system (102) according to claim 7 , characterized in that the temperature control system (102) comprises a stationary unit (106) for stationary temperature control of the one or more electrochemical systems (108) and a mobile unit (104), wherein the stationary unit (106) comprises the one or more Temperature control devices (110) comprises or is formed therefrom and wherein the mobile unit (104) comprises the one or more electrochemical systems (108) or is formed therefrom. Temperature control system (102) according to claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that the one or more electrochemical systems (102) have an average heat capacity of approximately 800 J/(kg-K) or more, in particular approximately 850 J/(kg-K) or more. Temperature control system (102) according to one of Claims 7 until 9 , characterized in that the one or more electrochemical systems (108) or one or more elements of the one or more electrochemical systems (108) each have an insulating element (132) for thermal insulation, for example in the form of a coating (134). . Temperature control system (102) according to claim 10 , characterized in that the one or more insulation elements (132) a coating (134) of a housing (136) of the respective electrochemical system and / or a coating (134) of a housing of one or more electrochemical units (138) of the respective electrochemical system (108), wherein preferably the one or more insulating elements (132) comprise or are formed from a thermally insulating polymer material, wherein the thermally insulating polymer material is in particular foamed. Temperature control system (102) according to one of Claims 7 until 11 , characterized in that the one or more electrochemical systems (108) comprise one or more electrochemical units (138) which are arranged in such a way that they are spaced from a housing (136) of the respective electrochemical system (108) and/or from one another are arranged, in particular in such a way that the one or more electrochemical units (138) of the respective electrochemical system (108) can be evenly flowed around by the tempering fluid. Vehicle (100), comprising one or more electrochemical systems (108), wherein the vehicle (100) has one or more connecting elements (125) for connecting the one or more electrochemical systems (108) and one or more temperature control fluid supplies (118) and/ or one or more temperature control fluid discharges (120) of one or more temperature control devices (110) according to one of Claims 1 until 6 includes. Method for operating a temperature control system (102), in particular a temperature control system (102) according to one of Claims 7 until 12 , the method comprising: - providing an electrochemical system (108), for example an electrochemical system (108) of a vehicle (100); - Detachably connecting the electrochemical system (108) to a temperature control fluid supply (118) and/or a temperature control fluid discharge (120) of a temperature control device (110), so that a closed temperature control fluid circuit is formed; and - temperature control of the electrochemical system (108) by passing through the temperature control device (110) temperature control fluid through the electrochemical system (108). procedure after Claim 14 , characterized in that the electrochemical system (108), in particular exclusively, in a charging state and / or a non-operating state of the electrochemical system (108) is tempered.

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