DE102020213067A1 - detergent portion unit - Google Patents

Abstract

Detergent portion units comprisinga) solid detergent or cleaning agentb) a water-soluble cover which completely encloses the solid detergent or cleaning agent, the water-soluble cover at least partially consisting of a water-soluble nonwoven fabric, methods for their production and washing methods using these detergent portion units.

Description

The present invention relates to a detergent portion unit with at least one receiving chamber filled with a solid detergent or cleaning agent, which is formed by a water-soluble cover that includes a water-soluble nonwoven fabric. Furthermore, the application relates to a method for producing this detergent portion unit and a washing method for textiles using such a detergent portion unit.

Constantly changing requirements are placed on the packaging and supply forms of detergents and cleaning agents. For some time now, the main focus has been on the convenient dosing of detergents and cleaning agents by the consumer and the simplification of the work steps required to carry out a washing or cleaning process. A technical solution is provided by pre-portioned detergents or cleaning agents, for example water-soluble containers with one or more receiving chambers for solid or liquid detergents or cleaning agents.

To produce the water-soluble containers, water-soluble polymers are generally formed into receiving chambers, which are then filled with a detergent or cleaning agent and finally sealed. The receiving chambers can be produced, for example, from water-soluble polymer films (foils) by deep-drawing processes. In an alternative process, a water-soluble polymer is injection molded into a receptacle.

Both solid and liquid detergents or cleaning agents are suitable for filling the water-soluble containers. If solid detergents or cleaning agents are used and these contain gas-releasing components such as bleach, the closed water-soluble container has perforations to avoid excessive pressure build-up, which enable gas exchange between the interior of the receiving chamber and the environment. The execution of corresponding perforations requires an additional process step in the production of the water-soluble packaging material or in the production of the filled detergent dosing units.

The filled detergent portion units are generally hygroscopic due to the water-soluble packaging material used to produce them. During manufacture, packaging, storage and subsequent use by the consumer, the tendency and ability of the packaging to absorb water can result in portion units adhering to the surfaces of machines or packaging materials and being unable to be optimally conveyed, or in adjacent portion units, for example in a common outer packaging, glue together. To avoid this tendency of the water-soluble portion units to adhere, it is possible to modify their surface properties by applying a powder. The powdering of the water-soluble detergent portion units in turn requires an additional process step.
Finally, the chemical nature of common water-soluble packaging materials, such as polymer films, in combination with their latent hygroscopicity, results in a specific product feel that can be perceived as sticky and reduces the product experience.

Due to the portioning in a water-soluble packaging material, the fragrances added to the detergent or cleaning agent only come into their own to a very limited extent or not at all in the case of detergent portion units, in contrast to conventional solid detergent powders. As a reaction to this situation, detergent products are marketed whose outer cardboard packaging is provided, for example, with fragrance-containing adhesives and gives the consumer a scent impression of the detergent or cleaning agent contained.

Finally, the washing performance provided by the detergent portion unit is directly related to the dissolving properties of the portion unit. Precisely in view of the increasing use of cold washing processes, it is preferable to keep the thickness of the water-soluble film material contained in the detergent portion unit as small as possible in order to accelerate the dissolution process. At the same time, however, the reduction in the thickness of the surrounding film material results in reduced mechanical stability of the portion units. Overcoming this apparent dichotomy of mechanical stability and dissolution rate using water-soluble film-packaged detergent dosage units is still a relevant aspect in the development of water-soluble detergent portion units.

Against the background of the prior art described above, the application was based on the object of providing water-soluble detergent portion units that can be produced using simplified processes, have high product and storage stability, in a simple manner using the smallest amounts of additional packaging material such as stand-up pouches or cardboard boxes can be assembled and the Ver inspire consumers with an appealing smell, look and feel.

1. a) festes Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel
2. b) eine wasserlösliche Umhüllung, welche das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel vollständig umschließt,

wobei die wasserlösliche Umhüllung wenigstens anteilsweise aus einem wasserlöslichen Vliesstoff besteht.A detergent portion unit is suitable for solving these tasks

1. a) solid detergent or cleaning agent
2. b) a water-soluble casing which completely encloses the solid detergent or cleaning agent,

wherein the water-soluble cover consists at least partially of a water-soluble non-woven fabric.

The term detergent portion unit describes a form of supply in which a measured portion of a detergent or cleaning agent is present. Detergent portion units therefore denote both forms of supply for textiles and forms of supply for cleaning hard surfaces such as ceramics, glass, metal or tiles.

The detergent portion unit is preferably in the form of a pouch. Their volume is preferably 4 to 70 mL, preferably 6 to 50 mL and in particular 8 to 25 mL.

The bags can be in the form of sachets (sealed edge bags) or tubular bag packaging. In the case of packaging as a sachet, this preferably has two water-soluble flat structures which are connected by means of a circumferential sealed seam to form a sachet, the interior of which contains the solid detergent or cleaning agent. The two water-soluble fabrics preferably have an identical shape. This shape can be basic geometric shapes such as circles, ovals, triangles, squares, rectangles, pentagons, hexagons, heptagons, octagons or other polygons. Alternatively, this form can be configured figuratively, for example as an organic form from the plant or animal world. Preferably, at least one of the two water-soluble fabrics of the sachet comprises a water-soluble nonwoven. The sealing seams of preferred sachets are exclusively rounded. Surprisingly, it has been shown that during storage and transport, the solid detergent or cleaning agent accumulates in the corners of non-rounded sealing seams, weakening the wrapping material and/or the seam in this area and thus reducing the storage and transport stability of the sachets.

In an alternative embodiment, the detergent portions have a shaped receiving chamber (thermoformed bag). The receiving chambers can have any technically feasible shape. Spherical-domed, cylindrical or cubic chambers are particularly preferred. Preferred receiving chambers have at least one edge and one corner, receiving chambers with two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty or more edges or two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty or more corners can also be realized and are preferred according to the invention. Other receiving chambers that can be implemented and are preferred in alternative embodiments of the means according to the invention have a dome-shaped structure. The side walls of the receiving chambers are preferably planar. Spatially opposite side walls can be arranged both parallel and non-parallel to one another. The base area of the receiving chambers can be convex, concave or planar, with planar base areas being preferred with regard to the later filling of the intermediate space/intermediate spaces located between the receiving chambers. The base itself can be designed as a circle, but can also have corners.

Bases with one corner (teardrop shape), two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty or more corners are in Within the scope of the present application preferred. In preferred embodiments of this application, the transition from the base area to the side wall(s) or the transition between the side walls and one another is designed in a rounded shape. Accordingly, the receiving chambers do not have pointed or sharp edges on the outside, but rather rounded edges.

In a preferred embodiment of the detergent portion unit, the water-soluble nonwoven fabric forms part of the outer surface of the detergent portion unit and is in direct contact with the solid detergent or cleaning agent.

The detergent portion unit comprises a solid detergent or cleaning agent as the first essential component. In the context of the present application, solids are preferably powders and/or granules and/or extrudates and/or compacts and/or castings, regardless of whether they are pure substances or mixtures of substances. Granules, extrudates and compacts are particularly preferred as solid detergents or cleaning agents. The solids mentioned can be present in amorphous and/or crystalline and/or partially crystalline form. In the context of the present invention, preferred solids have a water content (determinable, for example, as loss on drying or Karl Fischer) below 10% by weight, preferably below 5% by weight.

Powder is a general term for a form of dividing solid substances and/or mixtures of substances obtained by crushing, i.e. grinding or crushing in a mortar (pulverization), grinding in mills or as a result of atomization or freeze drying.

A particularly fine division is often called atomization or micronization; the corresponding powders are referred to as micro-powders. Preferred powders have a uniform (homogeneous) mixture of the solid, finely divided components and, in the case of mixtures of substances, in particular do not tend to separate into individual components of these mixtures. Powders that are particularly preferred in the context of the present application therefore have a particle size distribution in which at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight and in particular at least 99% by weight of the powder, in each case based on its total weight, deviate by a maximum of 80%, preferably a maximum of 60% and in particular a maximum of 40% from the average particle size of this powder.

According to the grain size, a rough classification of the powder into coarse, fine and ultra-fine powder is usual; a more precise classification of powdery bulk materials is based on their bulk density and sieve analysis. In principle, powders of any particle size can be used, but preferred powders have average particle sizes of 40 to 500 μm, preferably 60 to 400 μm and in particular 100 to 300 μm. Methods for determining mean particle size usually rely on the aforementioned sieve analysis and are well described in the prior art.

The undesirable caking of the powder can be counteracted by using flow aids or powders. In a preferred embodiment, the powders produced by the process according to the invention therefore contain flow aids or powdering agents, preferably in proportions by weight of 0.1 to 4% by weight, particularly preferably 0.2 to 3% by weight and in particular 0. 3 to 2% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the powder. Preferred flow aids or powders are, preferably in finely ground form, silicates and/or silicon oxide and/or urea.

As particulate mixtures, powders can be agglomerated by a number of techniques. In principle, each of the methods known in the prior art for the agglomeration of particulate mixtures is suitable for converting the solids enclosed in the containers produced according to the invention into larger aggregates. In the context of the present invention, agglomerates preferably used as solid(s) are, in addition to the granules, the compactates and extrudates.

Granules are accumulations of granules. A granule (granule) is an asymmetric aggregate of powder particles. Granulation processes are widely described in the prior art. Granules can be produced by wet granulation, by dry granulation or compaction and by melt-solidification granulation.

The most common granulation technique is wet granulation, as this technique has the fewest restrictions and is the safest to produce granules with favorable properties. Wet granulation is carried out by moistening the powder mixtures with solvents and/or solvent mixtures and/or binder solutions and/or adhesive solutions and is preferably carried out in mixers, fluidized beds or spray towers, it being possible for said mixers to be equipped with stirring and kneading tools, for example. Foams can also be used as granulating agents. However, combinations of fluidized bed(s) and mixer(s) or combinations of different mixers can also be used for the granulation. Depending on the starting material and the desired product properties, granulation takes place under the influence of low to high shear forces.

If the granulation takes place in a spray tower, the starting materials used can be, for example, melts (melt solidification) or, preferably aqueous, slurries (spray drying) of solid substances, which are sprayed in at the top of a tower in a defined droplet size, solidify or dry in free fall and Bottom of the tower accumulate as granules. Melt solidification is generally particularly suitable for shaping low-melting substances that are stable in the melting temperature range (e.g. urea, ammonium nitrate and various formulations such as enzyme concentrates, pharmaceuticals, etc.), the corresponding granules are also referred to as prills. Spray drying is used in particular for the production of detergents or detergent components.

Other agglomeration techniques are extruder or perforated roller granulation, in which powder mixtures optionally mixed with granulating liquid are plastically deformed during pressing through perforated discs (extrusion) or on perforated rollers. The products of extruder granulation are also referred to as extrudates.

Compacted products can be produced, for example, by dry granulation techniques such as tableting or roller compaction. Single or multi-phase tablets or briquettes can be produced by compacting in tablet presses. In addition to multi-layer or sandwich tablets, the multi-phase tablets also include, for example, coated tablets and point tablets (bull-eye tablets). The briquettes, like the flakes produced in the compacting rollers, can be crushed by counter-rotating spiked rollers or passed through sieves after compacting.

In the context of the present application, solid substance particles are referred to as cast bodies, which are produced by solidification and/or crystallization from melts or solutions. Solidification and/or crystallization preferably takes place in prefabricated matrices. Depending on the size of the matrix and the intended use of the casting, the castings released from the matrices after solidification can then be used in their original size or, if necessary, after comminution as solids.

The solid washing or cleaning agent is preferably at least partially colored. A colored washing or cleaning agent enables the washing agent portion unit to have an attractive visual design, particularly in combination with a transparent casing. In addition, the use of colored components in the solid washing or cleaning agent, particularly in combination with a transparent and/or white casing, permits simplified detection of insufficiently closed washing agent portion units in the area of maturing and packaging downstream of the actual production.

A second essential component of the detergent portion unit is the water-soluble coating. In preferred detergent portion units, the water-soluble coating consists of at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, particularly preferably 60 to 95% by weight and in particular 65 to 95% by weight of a water-soluble polymer. The preferred water-soluble polymer is selected from the group of polyvinyl alcohols and their copolymers, preferably from the group of polyvinyl alcohols.

In a first embodiment, the water-soluble cover of the detergent portion unit consists entirely of a water-soluble nonwoven. This embodiment is aesthetically very attractive and technically advantageous, but at the same time involves increased costs.

In a preferred embodiment that is technically and economically particularly advantageous, the detergent portion unit has a water-soluble cover which comprises a water-soluble polymer film and a water-soluble nonwoven fabric. It is preferred if the water-soluble nonwoven forms at least 10%, preferably 15 to 80%, particularly preferably 25 to 60% and in particular 30 to 45% of the surface area of the detergent portion unit.

As stated at the outset, the detergent portion is preferably made up in the form of a bag (sealed-edge bag or thermoformed bag). These and other ready-made forms can be realized, for example, by a water-soluble cover, which comprises a water-soluble polymer film and a water-soluble nonwoven, the edge areas of the water-soluble polymer film and the water-soluble nonwoven being connected to one another in such a way that both together enclose a volume which is at least partially connected to the solid detergent or cleaning agent is filled.

In order to ensure effective use of the coating material used, the volume enclosed by the water-soluble coating in preferred detergent portion units corresponds to more than twice the volume, preferably more than four times the volume and in particular more than eight times the volume of the water-soluble coating material.

For the same reason, in preferred detergent portion units, the proportion by weight of the water-soluble coating in the total weight of the detergent portion unit is less than 20% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight and in particular less than 8% by weight, particularly preferably between 2 and 10% by weight % and most preferably between 2 and 8% by weight.

Due to the stability of the sealing seams obtained in this way, it is preferred if the water-soluble polymer film and the water-soluble nonwoven fabric of the water-soluble cover of the detergent portion unit are connected to one another by heat sealing, water sealing or ultrasonic sealing.

In a particularly preferred alternative embodiment, the water-soluble polymer film and the water-soluble nonwoven fabric of the water-soluble cover of the detergent portion unit are sewn together. The resulting seam is not only visually appealing, the sewing of the components of the water-soluble cover also avoids the formation of a difficult-to-dissolve sealed area that occurs when two foils or nonwovens or one foil and one nonwoven with welded or glued together. For this reason, the execution of such a seam increases the disintegration rate of the detergent portion unit and ensures residue-free dissolution even at low washing temperatures.

For the dissolving properties of the detergent portion unit, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the water-soluble polymer film and the water-soluble nonwoven are sewn together using a water-soluble material, preferably using a water-soluble thread, particularly preferably using a water-soluble thread made of polyvinyl alcohol.

As described above, a group of preferred detergent portion units has at least one receiving chamber. Corresponding receiving chambers can be produced, for example, by means of a deep-drawing process, in the course of which a film is drawn into a cavity by the action of negative pressure and shaped into a receiving chamber. This receiving chamber can then be filled and sealed with a water-soluble nonwoven, for example. The resulting detergent portion units, whose water-soluble cover comprises a thermoformed water-soluble polymer film and a water-soluble nonwoven fabric, are preferred because of their optical and haptic attractiveness, high mechanical stability and easy accessibility.

Water-soluble polymer films for producing the water-soluble casing are preferably based on a polyvinyl alcohol or a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer. The molecular weight of the polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl alcohol copolymer is preferably in the range from 10,000 to 1,000,000 gmol ^-1 , preferably from 20,000 to 500,000 gmol ^-1 , particularly preferably from 30,000 to 100,000 gmol ^-1 and in particular from 40,000 to 80,000 gmol ^-1 .

The preparation of the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl alcohol copolymers typically involves the hydrolysis of intermediate polyvinyl acetate. Preferred polyvinyl alcohols and polyvinyl alcohol copolymers have a degree of hydrolysis of 70 to 100 mol %, preferably 80 to 90 mol %, particularly preferably 81 to 89 mol % and in particular 82 to 88 mol %.

In addition to vinyl alcohol, preferred polyvinyl alcohol copolymers include an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, its salt or its ester. Such polyvinyl alcohol copolymers particularly preferably contain, in addition to vinyl alcohol, sulfonic acids such as 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic esters, methacrylic esters or mixtures thereof; among the esters, C _1-4 -alkyl esters or - hydroxyalkyl esters are preferred. Other suitable monomers are ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, for example itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and mixtures thereof.

Suitable water-soluble films are sold, for example, by MonoSol LLC under the designation M8630, M8720, M8310, C8400 or M8900. Other suitable films include films with the designation Solublon® PT, Solublon® GA, Solublon® KC or Solublon® KL from Aicello Chemical Europe GmbH or films VF-HP from Kuraray.

The water-soluble films can contain additional active substances or fillers, but also plasticizers and/or solvents, in particular water, as further ingredients.

The group of further active ingredients includes, for example, materials which protect the ingredients of preparation (A) enclosed by the film material from decomposition or deactivation by exposure to light. Antioxidants, UV absorbers and fluorescent dyes have proven to be particularly suitable here.

For example, glycerol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, sorbitol or mixtures thereof can be used as plasticizers.

To reduce their coefficient of friction, the surface of the water-soluble film can optionally be powdered with fine powder. Sodium aluminosilicate, silica, talc and amylose are examples of suitable powdering agents. Surprisingly, it was found that the detergent portion units have a significantly reduced coefficient of friction and a significantly reduced tendency to stick due to the nonwoven fabric used in the area of the cover, which is why the use of powders in the production and storage of these detergent portion units can be reduced or the use of powders can even be completely dispensed with .

Like the water-soluble polymer films, the water-soluble nonwovens are also preferably based on a water-soluble polymer and, due to their availability, in particular on polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, particularly preferably on polyvinyl alcohols. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven fabric is at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, particularly preferably at least 90% by weight and in particular at least 98% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, in particular polyvinyl alcohols.

In addition to the preferably polymeric, water-soluble basic structure, the nonwovens can include other ingredients. These include, for example, softeners, processing aids or detergent and cleaning ingredients. If washing or cleaning ingredients are added, they can be incorporated between the fibers of the nonwoven fabric, where they are fixed, for example, by gluing. However, the active washing or cleaning ingredients are preferably an integral part of the fibers of the nonwoven fabric and are embedded in the preferably polymeric, water-soluble matrix of the fibers. In a preferred embodiment, the water-soluble nonwoven contains more than 2% by weight, preferably more than 4% by weight, particularly preferably more than 8% by weight, in particular 8 to 60% by weight, preferably 12 to 50% by weight. -% and in particular 24 to 40% by weight of washing or cleaning-active ingredient.

Active washing and cleaning ingredients from the group of surfactants, polymers and fragrances are particularly suitable for incorporation into the nonwoven. The incorporation of fragrances has an effect that the consumer can immediately perceive, which is why detergent portion units are preferred in which the water-soluble nonwoven fabric comprises at least one washing or cleaning-active ingredient from the group of fragrances.

Nonwovens are structures made of fibers that are combined to form a fiber layer. In the English-speaking world, the term “nonwoven” has become established for nonwovens. The nonwovens are preferably flexible and pliable. Foils or papers are not counted as nonwovens.

Preferred fleeces are based on water-soluble polymer fibers, in particular on water-soluble fibers based on polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl alcohol copolymers.

The fiber length of the water-soluble polymer fibers is preferably in the range from 1 to 40 mm, particularly preferably from 2 to 20 mm. The thickness of the fibers is preferably 0.1 to 1000 μm, preferably 0.5 to 400 μm. The density of the non-woven fabric is preferably above 0.15 g/cm ³ , preferably above 0.2 g/cm ³ and in particular in the range from 0.2 to 0.8 g/cm ³ .

The nonwovens can be produced, for example, by means of mechanical, aerodynamic or hydrodynamic methods of the prior art. The fibers of the fleece can be strengthened mechanically, for example by friction or form fit, chemically, for example by using binders or solvents, or thermally, by using thermoplastic additives.

In a preferred variant of the detergent portion units, the water-soluble nonwovens are needle-punched nonwovens. In corresponding webs, the intertwining and thus the compression and strengthening of the fibers is achieved by needling, for example by means of suitable needle boards or needle bars.

Such nonwovens, preferably needle-punched nonwovens, from the group of randomly oriented nonwovens are particularly preferred. In these nonwovens, the fibers have any direction and are relatively evenly distributed in all directions of the nonwoven. Corresponding nonwovens are not only characterized by a special look and feel, but also improve the mechanical stability of the solid detergents or cleaning agents contained in the detergent portion unit during transport and storage due to their compressibility, for example in the event of mechanical vibration of a container containing this detergent portion unit.

With regard to the optical, haptic and mechanical properties of the detergent portion unit, it has proven to be advantageous if the water-soluble nonwoven, in particular the randomly oriented nonwoven, has a basis weight of 40 to 200 g/m ² , preferably 60 to 180 g/m ² and in particular from 80 to 160 g/m ² .

In a further preferred variant of the detergent portion unit, the water-soluble nonwovens are bonded nonwovens. In these non-woven fabrics, the fibers are bonded by bonding through additives. These binders enable the fibers to be adhesively bonded to one another.

Because of their properties, water-soluble nonwovens from the group of cross-ply nonwovens are particularly preferred in addition to randomly plied nonwovens. These fleeces are produced, for example, by depositing the fibers on a depositing belt with the fibers oriented longitudinally relative to the overall fleece, with the fibers preferably being oriented in two directions. Cross-ply nonwovens also differ both visually and haptically from the water-soluble films usually used to produce detergent portion units, but are also more suitable for printing than random-ply nonwovens.

With regard to the printing properties of the detergent portion unit, it has proven to be advantageous if the water-soluble nonwoven, in particular the cross-ply nonwoven, has a basis weight of 30 to 80 g/m ² , preferably from 33 to 70 g/m ² and in particular from 36 to 70 g/m ² .

In addition to the washing- or cleaning-active ingredients mentioned above, the water-soluble nonwovens, in particular the fibers of the water-soluble nonwovens, can contain other active substances relevant to the effect of the product. The group of these active substances includes, for example, the dyes. By adding dyes to the fibers of the water-soluble nonwovens, the appearance of the detergent portion unit can be changed. At the same time, the coloring can enable direct or indirect color-based product communication.

Direct color-based product communication is made possible, for example, by signal colors that draw the consumer's attention to a special product effect. Such direct product communication is helpful, for example, in containers that include several detergent portion units with different effects, for example detergent portion units for textile cleaning in combination with detergent portion units for textile care, and each of these effects is assigned a specific color.

An indirectly color-based product combination describes, for example, the product combination by means of an imprint on the water-soluble casing of the detergent portion unit, which is particularly noticeable or easily legible due to the color of the water-soluble casing surrounding the imprint. Varying the base color of the water-soluble casing in this way enables the range of inks available for printing on the water-soluble casing to be expanded.

Due to their optical properties and their simpler production, preferred water-soluble nonwovens are white, ie not colored. The white color of the water-soluble non-woven fabric is particularly suitable for printing. Another feature of the nonwoven material that is relevant for printing and how it is perceived is, as already mentioned, its special surface property, which differs from that of a conventional water-soluble film. Preferred detergent portion units are consequently characterized in that the water-soluble nonwoven is printed on its outside.

The use of transparent, water-soluble films as a component of the water-soluble cover has proven advantageous, particularly in combination with a white or a printed white nonwoven fabric. Of course, it is also possible to print on this water-soluble film.

The solid detergents or cleaning agents already described at the outset in relation to their physical properties and the processes used for their production can, like the water-soluble nonwovens, contain active washing or cleaning ingredients, with active washing or cleaning ingredients from the group of builders, surfactants, detergents Polymers, enzymes, bleaches and fragrances are particularly preferred.

One group of washing- or cleaning-active ingredients for which the packaging by means of the detergent portion units according to the invention offers particular advantages are the bleaches, in particular the oxygen bleaches. Corresponding detergent portion units in which the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises at least one detergent-active ingredient from the group of bleaching agents, preferably oxygen bleaching agents, are therefore preferred.

A bleaching agent is to be understood in particular as meaning those compounds which deliver hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous medium. Sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate are of particular importance among the compounds which serve as bleaching agents and yield H2O2 in water. Examples of other bleaches that can be used are peroxopyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates, and peracid salts or peracids that supply H ₂ O ₂ , such as persulfates or persulfuric acid. The urea peroxohydrate percarbamide, which can be described by the formula H ₂ N-CO-NH ₂ HzOz, can also be used. In particular when using the agents for cleaning hard surfaces, for example in machine dishwashing, the detergent portion units can also contain bleaches from the group of organic bleaches if desired, although their use is in principle also possible for agents for textile washing. Typical organic bleaches are the diacyl peroxides, such as dibenzoyl peroxide. Other typical organic bleaches are the peroxyacids, examples being the alkylperoxyacids and the arylperoxyacids. Preferred representatives are (a) peroxybenzoic acid and its ring-substituted derivatives, such as alkylperoxybenzoic acids, but also peroxy-α-naphthoic acid and magnesium monoperphthalate, (b) the aliphatic or substituted aliphatic peroxyacids such as peroxylauric acid, peroxystearic acid, ε-phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid (phthalimidoperoxyhexanoic acid, PAP), o-carboxybenzamidoperoxycaproic acid, N-nonenylamidoperadipic acid and N-nonenylamidopersuccinate, and (c) aliphatic and araliphatic peroxydicarboxylic acids such as 1,12- Diperoxycarboxylic acid, 1,9-diperoxyazelaic acid, diperoxysebacic acid, diperoxybrassylic acid, the diperoxyphthalic acids, 2-decyldiperoxybutane-1,4-dioic acid, N,N-terephthaloyl-di(6-aminopercaproic acid). Preferred oxygen bleaches are formulated in particulate form, with the particles having a coating.

Bleaching agents, in particular oxygen bleaching agents, tend to decompose and release gases during storage, despite customary stabilization measures such as the use of coatings, particularly during storage at elevated temperatures or elevated atmospheric humidity. The release of gas from these bleaches is generally not compatible with packaging in completely sealed containers, which is why water-soluble containers for detergents or cleaning agents of the prior art usually have perforations that allow gas exchange between the interior of the container and the surrounding atmosphere. Such perforations can be dispensed with when using the detergent portion units according to the invention due to the gas permeability of the water-soluble nonwoven fabric used.

Preferred detergent portion units are characterized in that the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises at least one active detergent or cleaning ingredient from the group of oxygen bleaches, the proportion by weight of the oxygen bleaching agent in the total weight of the solid detergent or cleaning agent being 2 to 60% by weight, preferably is 4 to 40% by weight.

A second group of washing or cleaning-active ingredients, the packaging of which results in advantages using the detergent portion units according to the invention, are the fragrances. Preferred washing agent portion units are therefore characterized in that the solid washing or cleaning agent comprises at least one washing or cleaning active ingredient from the group of fragrances.

A fragrance is a chemical substance that stimulates the sense of smell. In order to be able to stimulate the sense of smell, the chemical substance should be at least partially airborne, i.e. the fragrance should be at least slightly volatile at 25°C. If the fragrance is now very volatile, the odor intensity then quickly fades away. With a lower volatility, however, the odor impression is more lasting, i.e. it does not disappear as quickly. In one embodiment, the fragrance therefore has a melting point in the range from -100°C to 100°C, preferably from -80°C to 80°C, more preferably from -20°C to 50°C, in particular from - 30°C to 20°C. In a further embodiment, the fragrance has a boiling point which is in the range from 25° C. to 400° C., preferably from 50° C. to 380° C., more preferably from 75° C. to 350° C., in particular from 100° C. to 330°C.

Overall, a chemical substance should not exceed a specific molecular mass in order to function as a fragrance, since the required volatility can no longer be guaranteed if the molecular mass is too high. In one embodiment, the fragrance has a molecular mass of 40 to 700 g/mol, more preferably 60 to 400 g/mol.

Individual fragrance compounds, for example synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type, can be used as fragrances.

Perfume compounds of the aldehyde type are, for example, adoxal (2,6,10-trimethyl-9-undecenal), anisaldehyde (4-methoxybenzaldehyde), cymal (3-(4-isopropyl-phenyl)-2-methylpropanal), ethylvanillin, florhydral ( 3-(3-isopropylphenyl)butanal), Helional (3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanal), Heliotropin, Hydroxycitronellal, Lauraldehyde, Lyral (3- and 4-(4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)- 3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde), methyl nonylacetaldehyde, Lilial (3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methylpropanal), phenylacetaldehyde, undecylene aldehyde, vanillin, 2,6,10-trimethyl-9-undecenal, 3-dodecen- 1-al, alpha-n-amylcinnamaldehyde, melonal (2,6-dimethyl-5-heptenal), 2,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde (Triplal), 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, benzaldehyde, 3- (4-tert-butylphenyl)propanal, 2-methyl-3-(para-methoxyphenyl)propanal, 2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2(1)-cyclohexen-1-yl)butanal , 3-phenyl-2-propenal, cis-/trans-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-al, 3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-al, [(3,7- dimethyl-6-octenyl)oxy]acetaldehyde yd, 4-Isopropylbenzylaldehyde, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-8,8-dimethyl-2-naphthaldehyde, 2,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 2- Methyl-3-(isopropylphenyl)propanal, 1-decanal, 2,6-dimethyl-5-heptenal, 4-(Tricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6)]decylidene-8)butanal, octahydro-4,7 -methan-1 H-indenecarboxaldehyde, 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, para-ethyl-alpha,alphadimethylhydrocinnamaldehyde, alpha-methyl-3,4-(methylenedioxy)-hydrocinnamaldehyde, 3,4-methylenedioxybenzaldehyde, alpha-n-hexylcinnamaldehyde, m-cymene-7-carboxalde hyd, alpha-methylphenylacetaldehyde, 7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanal, undecenal, 2,4,6-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 4-(3)(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-3 -cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde, 1-dodecanal, 2,4-dimethylcyclohexene-3-carboxaldehyde, 4-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 7-methoxy-3,7-dimethyloctan-1-al , 2-methylundecanal, 2-methyldecanal, 1-nonanal, 1-octanal, 2,6,10-trimethyl-5,9-undecadienal, 2-methyl-3-(4-tert-butyl)propanal, dihydrocinnamaldehyde, 1-Methyl-4-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 5- or 6-methoxyhexahydro-4,7-methanindan-1- or -2-carboxaldehyde, 3,7-dimethyloctane -1-al, 1-undecanal, 10-undecen-1-al, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, 1-methyl-3-(4-methylpentyl)-3-cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde, 7-hydroxy-3J-dimethyloctanal , trans-4-decenal, 2,6-nonadienal, para-tolylacetaldehyde, 4-methylphenylacetaldehyde, 2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-butenal, ortho -Methoxycinnamaldehyde, 3,5,6-trimethyl-3-cyclohexenecarboxaldehyde, 3J-dimethyl -2-methylene-6-octenal, phenoxyacetaldehyde, 5,9-dimethyl-4,8-decadienal, peony aldehyde (6,10-dimethyl-3-oxa-5,9-undecadien-1-al), hexahydro-4, 7-methanindan-1-carboxaldehyde, 2-methyloctanal, alpha-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)benzeneacetaldehyde, 6,6-dimethyl-2-norpinene-2-propionaldehyde, para-methylphenoxyacetaldehyde, 2-methyl-3-phenyl -2-propen-1-al, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanal, hexahydro-8,8-dimethyl-2-naphthaldehyde, 3-propylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carbaldehyde , 9-decenal, 3-methyl-5-phenyl-1-pentanal, methyl nonylacetaldehyde, hexanal and trans-2-hexenal.

Perfume compounds of the ketone type are, for example, methyl beta-naphthyl ketone, musk indanone (1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-4H-inden-4-one), Tonalide (6-acetyl-1,1,2,4,4,7-hexamethyltetralin), alpha-damascone, beta-damascone, delta-damascone, iso-damascone, damascenone, methyldihydrojasmonate, menthone, carvone, camphor, koavone (3rd ,4,5,6,6-pentamethylhept-3-en-2-one), fenchone, alpha-ionone, beta-ionone, gamma-methyl-ionone, fleuramon (2-heptylcyclopentanone), dihydrojasmone, cis-jasmone , iso-E-Super (1-(1,2,3,4,5,6J,8-octahydro-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-ethan-1-one (and isomers) ), methylcedrenyl ketone, acetophenone, methylacetophenone, para-methoxyacetophenone, methyl beta-naphthyl ketone, benzylacetone, benzophenone, para-hydroxyphenylbutanone, celery ketone(3-methyl-5-propyl-2-cyclohexenone), 6-isopropyldecahydro-2-naphthone , dimethyloctenone, frescomenthe (2-butan-2-ylcyclohexan-1-one), 4-(1-ethoxyvinyl)-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanone, methylheptenone, 2-(2-(4-methyl-3- cyclohex en-1-yl)propyl)cyclopentanone, 1-(p-menthen-6(2)yl)-1-propanone, 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone, 2-acetyl-3, 3-dimethylnorbornane, 6,7-dihydro-1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-4(5H)-indanone, 4-damascol, dulcinyl(4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)butane- 2-one), hexalone (1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-yl)-1,6-heptadien-3-one), isocyclemonE(2-acetonaphthone-1,2,3, 4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl), methyl nonyl ketone, methylcyclocitrone, methyl lavender ketone, Orivon (4-tert-amyl-cyclohexanone), 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone, Delphon (2- pentyl-cyclopentanone), muscone (CAS 541-91-3), neobutenone (1-(5,5-dimethyl-1- cyclohexenyl)pent-4-en-1-one), plicatone (CAS 41724-19-0) , Velouton (2,2,5-trimethyl-5-pentylcyclopentan-1-one),2,4,4,7-tetramethyl-oct-6-en-3-one and tetrameran (6,10-dimethylundecene-2- on).

Perfume compounds of the alcohol type are, for example, 10-undecen-1-ol, 2,6-dimethylheptan-2-ol, 2-methylbutanol, 2-methylpentanol, 2-phenoxyethanol, 2-phenylpropanol, 2-tert-butylcyclohexanol, 3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexanol, 3-hexanol, 3-methyl-5-phenylpentanol, 3-octanol, 3-phenylpropanol, 4-heptenol, 4-isopropylcyclohexanol, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanol, 6 ,8-dimethyl-2-nona-nol, 6-nonen-1-ol, 9-decen-1-ol, α-methylbenzyl alcohol, α-terpineol, amyl salicylate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl salicylate, β-terpineol, butyl salicylate, citronellol, cyclohexyl salicylate , Decanol, Di-hydromyrcenol, dimethylbenzylcarbinol, dimethylheptanol, dimethyloctanol, ethyl salicylate, ethyl vaniline, eugenol, farnesol, geraniol, heptanol, hexyl salicylate, isoborneol, isoeugenol, isopulegol, linalool, menthol, myrtenol, n-hexanol, nerol, nonanol, octanol, p -Menthan-7-ol, phenylethyl alcohol, phenol, phenyl salicylate, tetrahydrogeraniol, tetrahydrolinalool, thymol, trans-2-cis-6-nonadicnol, trans-2-nonen-1-ol, trans-2 -Octenol, undecanol, vanillin, champiniol, hexenol and cinnamic alcohol.

Perfume compounds of the ester type are, for example, benzyl acetate, phenoxyethyl isobutyrate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, linalyl acetate, dimethylbenzylcarbinyl acetate (DMBCA), phenylethyl acetate, benzyl acetate, ethylmethylphenylglycinate, allylcyclohexylpropionate, styrallylpropionate, benzyl salicylate, cyclohexyl salicylate, floramat, melusate and jasmacyclate.

The ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether and ambroxan. The hydrocarbons mainly include terpenes such as limonene and pinene.

Mixtures of different fragrances are preferably used, which together produce an appealing fragrance. Such a mixture of fragrances can also be referred to as a perfume or perfume oil. Perfume oils of this kind can also contain natural mixtures of fragrances, such as are obtainable from vegetable sources.

Fragrances of plant origin include essential oils such as angelica root oil, anise oil, arnica flower oil, basil oil, bay oil, champaca flower oil, citrus oil, fir oil, fir cone oil, elemi oil, eucalyptus oil, fennel oil, pine needle oil, galbanum oil, geranium oil, ginger grass oil, guaiac wood oil, gurjun balm oil, helichrysum oil, ho oil , ginger oil, iris oil, jasmine oil, cajeput oil, sweet flag oil, chamomile oil, camphor oil, kanaga oil, cardamom oil, cassia oil, pine needle oil, copaiva balsam oil, coriander oil, spearmint oil, caraway oil, cumin oil, labdanum oil, lavender oil, lemongrass oil, linden blossom oil, lime oil, tangerine oil, lemon balm oil, mint oil, musk seed oil , Clary Oil, Myrrh Oil, Clove Oil, Neroli Oil, Niaouli Oil, Olibanum Oil, Orange Blossom Oil, Orange Peel Oil, Origanum Oil, Palmarosa Oil, Patchouli Oil, Peru Balsam Oil, Petitgrain Oil, Pepper Oil, Peppermint Oil, Allspice Oil, Pine Oil, Rose Oil, Rosemary Oil, Sage Oil, Sandalwood Oil, Celery Oil, Spicy Oil, Star Anise Oil , turpentine oil, thuja oil, thyme oil, verbena oil, vetiver oil, juniper berry oil, W ermut oil, wintergreen oil, ylang-ylang oil, hyssop oil, cinnamon oil, cinnamon leaf oil, citronella oil, lemon oil and cypress oil as well as ambrettolide, ambroxan, alpha-amylcinnamaldehyde, anethole, anisaldehyde, anis alcohol, anisole, anthranilic acid methyl ester, acetophenone, benzylacetone, benzaldehyde, benzoic acid ethyl ester, Benzyl alcohol, benzyl acetate, benzyl benzoate, benzyl formate, benzyl valerate, borneol, bornyl acetate, Boisambrene forte, alpha-bromostyrene, n-decylaldehyde, n-dodecylaldehyde, eugenol, eugenol methyl ether, eucalyptol, farnesol, fenchone, fenchyl acetate, geranyl acetate, geranyl formate, heliotropin, heptine carboxylic acid methyl ester , Heptaldehyde, Hydroquinone dimethyl ether, Hydroxycinnamaldehyde, Hydroxycinnamyl alcohol, Indole, Iron, Isoeugenol, Isoeugenol methyl ether, Isosafrole, Jasmon, Camphor, Karvakrol, Karvone, p-cresol methyl ether, coumarin, p-methoxyacetophenone, methyl-n-amyl ketone, methyl anthranilic acid methyl ester, p-methylacetophenone , methyl chavicol, p-methylquinoline, methyl beta-naphthyl ketone, methyl n-nonylacetaldehyde, methyl-n-nonylketone, muskon, beta-naphthol ethyl ether, beta-naphthol methyl ether, nerol, n-nonyl aldehyde, nonyl alcohol, n-octyl aldehyde, p-oxy-acetophenone, pentadecanolide, beta-phenylethyl alcohol, phenylacetic acid, pulegone, Safrole, isoamyl salicylate, methyl salicylate, hexyl salicylate, cyclohexyl salicylate, santalol, sandelice, skatole, terpineol, thymen, thymol, troenane, gamma-undelactone, vanillin, veratrum aldehyde, cinnamic aldehyde, cinnamic alcohol, cinnamic acid, ethyl cinnamate, benzyl cinnamate, diphenyl oxide, limonene, linalool, linalyl acetate and - Propionate, melusate, menthol, menthone, methyl-n-heptenone, pinene, phenylacetaldehyde, terpinyl acetate, citral, citronellal, and mixtures thereof.

Fragrances can be part of the solid washing or cleaning agent in free form or in encapsulated form. Core-shell particles are used with particular preference as fragrance capsules. Corresponding particles known to those skilled in the art have a core containing a fragrance and a shell material surrounding this core. As a shell material z. B. high molecular weight compounds of animal or vegetable origin, z. B. Protein compounds (gelatine, albumin, casein), cellulose derivatives (methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, carboxymethyl cellulose) and in particular synthetic polymers (e.g. polyamides, polyolefins, polyesters, polyurethanes, epoxy resins, silicone resins and condensation products of carbonyl and NH group-containing compounds) can be used. Specifically, the shell material can be selected, for example, from polyacrylates; polyethylene; polyamides; polystyrenes; polyisoprenes; polycarbonates; polyesters; polyureas; polyurethanes; polyolefins; polysaccharides; epoxy resins; vinyl polymers; urea crosslinked with formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde; melamine crosslinked with formaldehyde; gelatin-polyphosphate coacervates optionally crosslinked with glutaraldehyde; gelatin gum arabic coacervates; silicone resins; polyamines reacted with polyisocyanates; acrylate monomers polymerized by free radical polymerization; Silk; Wool; Gelatin; cellulose; proteins; and blends and copolymers of the foregoing. Polyacrylates, polylactic acids, polyethylene, polyamides, polystyrenes, polyisoprenes, polycarbonates, polyesters, polyureas, polyurethanes, polyolefins, epoxy resins, vinyl polymers and urea and/or melamine crosslinked with formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde are particularly preferred.

In a corresponding embodiment, at least part of the fragrance is used in encapsulated form (fragrance capsules), in particular in microcapsules. However, the entire fragrance can also be used in encapsulated form. The microcapsules can be water-soluble and/or water-insoluble microcapsules. For example, melamine-urea-formaldehyde microcapsules, melamine-formaldehyde microcapsules, urea-formaldehyde microcapsules or starch microcapsules can be used. “Pro-fragrance” refers to compounds that only release the actual fragrance after chemical conversion/cleavage, typically through exposure to light or other environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, etc. Such compounds are often also referred to as fragrance storage substances or “pro-fragrance”.

The gas permeability of the water-soluble nonwovens characteristic of the detergent portion units according to the invention increases the variety of scent impressions that can be achieved with the aid of the detergent portion units. It is not only the immediate scent impression of the detergent portion unit can be modified in an unexpected way. In addition, the fragrance impression of the substrate treated with the solid detergent or cleaning agent, for example a textile fabric, can be achieved with a reduced quantity of fragrance compared to conventional water-soluble detergent portion units.

Preferred solid detergents or cleaning agents include both free and encapsulated fragrances. While the user can immediately perceive the free fragrances due to the permeability of the water-soluble fleece fabric, the encapsulated fragrances form the basis of the fragrance impression realized on the treated substrate after use. It has proven particularly advantageous if the weight ratio of the free fragrance to the fragrance present in encapsulated form is between 2:1 and 1:8, preferably between 1:1 and 1:6. “Weight” is understood to mean the actual weight of the fragrant compound without taking into account any auxiliary substances or capsule materials.

Another group of preferred ingredients of the solid washing or cleaning agent is formed by the textile care compounds. Preferred detergent portion units contain, based on their total weight, from 0.2 to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 20% by weight and in particular from 1 to 15% by weight of a textile-care compound.

• - kationische Tenside;
• - amphotere Tenside;
• - kationischen Polymere;
• - Fettstoffe.
• - Silikone, vorzugsweise Aminosilikone;
• - Schichtsilikate, vorzugsweise Bentonite;

The group of textile care compounds preferably includes in particular

• - cationic surfactants;
• - amphoteric surfactants;
• - cationic polymers;
• - fatty substances.
• - silicones, preferably aminosilicones;
• - Phyllosilicates, preferably bentonites;

It is particularly preferred if the fabric care compound is selected from polysiloxanes, fabric softening clays, cationic polymers and mixtures thereof.

The use of polysiloxanes and/or cationic polymers as a textile-care compound in the composition is advantageous, since these not only have a softening effect, but also enhance the perfume impression on the laundry.

The use of softening clays as a textile-care compound in the composition is advantageous since they also have a water-softening effect and can thus, for example, prevent limescale deposits on the laundry. In order to achieve optimal performance it may be preferred that the composition contains a combination of at least two fabric care compounds.

Preferred detergent portion units contain a solid detergent or cleaning agent which contains a textile-care compound from the group of cationic surfactants, in particular a cationic surfactant from the group of esterquats. The term "ester quat" as used herein refers to esters of quaternary ammonium polyols, particularly quaternary ammonium diols and/or triols such as triethanolmethylammonium or diethanoldimethylammonium, with fatty acids.

The esterquats used according to the invention are ideally liquid to pasty at temperatures around 20.degree.

In various embodiments, the composition contains at least one ester quat of the formula N ⁺ (R ₁ ) ₄ -n((CH ₂ ) _m -OC(O=O)-R ₂ ) _n X-, wherein each R ₁ is independently a substituted or is unsubstituted, linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl, preferably unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; each R ₂ is linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl, or substituted or unsubstituted (hetero)aryl of up to 26 carbon atoms, preferably linear unsubstituted C _10-26 alkyl; n is 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 1, 2 or 3; m is an integer from 1 to 20, preferably from 1 to 4; and X- is any anion.

In various embodiments, in the compounds of the formula N ⁺ (R ₁ ) ₄ -n((CH ₂ ) _m -OC(O)-R ₂ ) _n X-, where n is 2 or 3, preferably 2; and/or m is 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 2 and/or each R ₁ is independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl and 3-hydroxypropyl, preferably a first R1 is selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl and iso-butyl and a second R1 is selected from methyl, ethyl , n -propyl, iso -propyl, n -butyl, iso -butyl, hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl and 3-hydroxypropyl; and/or each R2 is independently selected from linear, unsubstituted C _12-20 alkyl, preferably C _12-18 alkyl; and/or X- is selected from inorganic or organic anions, especially fluoride, chloride, bromide and methosulfate.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the ester quat used is an ester quat of the formula N ⁺ (R ₁ ) ₄ -n((CH ₂ ) _m -OC(O)-R ₂ ) _n X-, where n=2 and m=2 , the first R ₁ is selected from methyl and ethyl, preferably methyl, the second R ₁ is selected from methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl, preferably 2-hydroxyethyl, and each R ₂ is linear, unsubstituted C12-18 alkyl. Such esterquats are bis(acyloxyethyl)hydroxyethylmethylammonium compounds. The counterion is preferably methosulfate. Such esterquats are commercially available, for example, under the trade name Dehyquart® AU-57 (BASF SE, DE).

Alkylamidopropyl betaines, preferably linear C8- or C10-alkylamidopropyl betaines, i.e. caprylamidopropyl betaine (N-(3-octanoyl)aminopropyl)-N-carboxymethyl-N,N-dimethyl-1-propanaminium, are particularly suitable as textile care compounds from the group of amphoteric surfactants ) or capramidopropyl betaine (N-(3-decanoyl)aminopropyl)-N-carboxymethyl-N,N-dimethyl-1-propanaminium), or, most preferably, mixtures of linear C8 and C10 alkylamidopropyl betaines. Such a betaine mixture is commercially available, for example, as Tegotens® B 810 from Evonik Industries.

Detergent portion units can contain a textile-care compound from the group of cationic polymers as a component of the solid detergent or cleaning agent.

Suitable cationic polymers include, in particular, those described in "CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary", Fourth Edition, JM Nikitakis, et al, Editors, published by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, 1991 and collectively referred to as "Polyquaternium". are. Some suitable polyquaternium compounds are detailed below: POLYQUATERNIUM-1 (CAS number: 68518-54-7), POLYQUATERNIUM-2 (CAS number: 63451-27-4), POLYQUATERNIUM-3, POLYQUATERNIUM-4 (CAS -Number: 92183-41-0), POLYQUATERNIUM-5 (CAS number: 26006-22-4), POLYQUATERNIUM-6 (CAS number: 26062-79-3), POLYQUATERNIUM-7 (CAS number: 26590- 05-6), POLYQUATERNIUM-8, POLYQUATERNIUM-9, POLYQUATERNIUM-11 (CAS number: 53633-54-8), POLYQUATERNIUM-12 (CAS number: 68877-50-9), POLYQUATERNIUM-13 (CAS number: 68877-47-4), POLYQUATERNIUM-14 (CAS number: 27103-90-8), POLYQUATERNIUM-15 (CAS number: 35429-19-7), POLYQUATERNIUM-16 (CAS number: 95144-24-4 ), POLYQUATERNIUM-17 (CAS number: 90624-75-2), POLYQUATERNIUM-18, POLYQUATERNIUM-19, POLYQUATERNIUM-20, POLYQUATERNIUM-21 (CAS number: 102523-94-4), POLYQUATERNIUM-22 (CAS Number: 53694-17-0), POLYQUATERNIUM-24 (CAS number: 107987-23-5), POLYQUATERNIUM-27, POLYQUATERNIUM-28 (CAS number: 131954-48-8), POLYQUATERNIUM-29, POLYQUATERNIUM-30 , Poly quaternium-31 (CAS number. 136505-02-7), Polyquaternium-32 (CAS number: 35429-19-7), Polyquaternium-37 (CAS number: 26161-33-1), Polyquaternium-44 (CAS number: 150595-70-5 ), POLYQUATERNIUM-68 (CAS number: 827346-45-2),

Alternatively, preferred detergent portion units contain a textile-care compound from the group of silicones, preferably aminosilicones, as a component of the solid detergent or cleaning agent.

A preferably usable polysiloxane has the structural unit a) - (R ₁ ) ₂ Si-O) _n -, with R ₁ = independently C1-C30-alkyl, preferably C1-C4-alkyl, in particular methyl or ethyl and n = 1 to 5000, preferably 10 to 2500, in particular 100 to 1500.

If the polysiloxane has only the structural unit a) with R ₁ =methyl, it is a polydimethylsiloxane. Polydimethylpolysiloxanes are known to be efficient fabric care compounds. Suitable polydimethylsiloxanes include DC-200 (ex Dow Corning), Baysilone® M 50, Baysilone® M 100, Baysilone® M 350, Baysilone® M 500, Baysilone® M 1000, Baysilone® M 1500, Baysilone® M 2000 or Baysilone® M 5000 (all ex GE Bayer Silicones).

Preferably, the polysiloxane also has the structural unit b) - (R ₁ ) (YNRzR ₃ ) Si-O) _x -, with R ₁ = C1-C30-alkyl, preferably C1-C4-alkyl, in particular methyl or ethyl, Y = optionally substituted, linear or branched C1-C20-alkylene, preferably - (CH ₂ ) m - with m = 1 to 16, preferably 1 to 8, in particular 2 to 4, in particular 3, R ₂ , R ₃ = independently from one another H or optionally substituted, linear or branched C1-C30-alkyl, preferably C1-C30-alkyl substituted with amino groups, particularly preferably -(CH ₂ ) _b -NH ₂ where b=1 to 10, extremely preferably b=2 and x = 1 to 5000, preferably 10 to 2500, in particular 100 to 1500.

• (CH₃)₃Si-[O-Si(CH₃)₂]_n-[O-Si(CH₃){(CH₂)₃-NH-(CH₂)₂-NH₂}]x-OSi(CH₃)₃, wobei die Summe n + x eine Zahl zwischen 2 und 10.000 ist.

A particularly preferred polysiloxane has the following structure:

• (CH ₃ ) ₃ Si-[O-Si(CH ₃ ) ₂ ] _n -[O-Si(CH ₃ ){(CH ₂ ) ₃ -NH-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -NH ₂ }]x-OSi( CH ₃ ) ₃ , where the sum n + x is a number between 2 and 10,000.

In various preferred embodiments of the invention, the compositions can contain at least one aminosiloxane as the silicone oil. This can be selected, for example, from the group comprising Amodimethicone/Morpholinomethyl Silsesquioxane Copolymer (CAS No. 1293390-78-9), Trideceth-9 PG-Amodimethicone (CAS No. 943769-53-7), with methylsilsesquioxane hydroxy-limited dimethyl, methyl (aminoethylaminoisobutyl )siloxane (CAS No. 863918-80-3) and dimethyl,methyl(aminoethylaminoisobutyl)siloxane (CAS No. 106842-44-8). Amodimethicone/morpholinomemethyl silsesquioxane copolymer (CAS No. 1293390-789), which is commercially available as Belsil® ADM 8301 E (Wacker Chemie), is particularly preferred.

The aminosiloxanes also serve to improve the water absorption capacity, the rewettability of the treated textiles and to make the treated textiles easier to iron. In addition, they improve the rinsing behavior of the agent according to the invention through their foam-inhibiting properties. If the present application refers to an agent, this is to be understood as meaning the fabric softener.

Further preferred detergent portion units are characterized in that the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises a textile-care compound from the group of phyllosilicates, preferably bentonites.

A suitable fabric-softening layered silicate is, for example, a smectite clay. Preferred smectite clays are beidellite clays, hectorite clays, laponite clays, montmorillonite clays, nontronite clays, saponite clays, sauconite clays, and mixtures thereof. Montmorillonite clays are the preferred softening clays. Bentonites mainly contain montmorillonites and can serve as a preferred source for the fabric softening clay. The bentonites can be used as powder or crystals.

Suitable bentonites are marketed, for example, under the name Laundrosil® by Süd-Chemie or under the name Detercal by Laviosa. It is preferred that the fabric care composition contains a powdered bentonite as a fabric care compound.

In an embodiment that is preferred due to its easy accessibility, the detergent portion unit has only one receiving chamber. However, it is of course also possible to provide detergent portion units with two, three or four receiving chambers. If the detergent portion unit comprises more than one receiving chamber, these receiving chambers are preferably filled with different solid detergents or cleaning agents.

Due to their reduced tendency to adhere and stick together, it is possible to package a detergent portion unit together with other portion units in larger containers without further outer packaging. It is preferred to package the detergent portion unit in an outer package together with at least one additional detergent portion unit, preferably with at least ten additional detergent portion units, preferably in bulk, in direct contact with one another.

• i) Bereitstellen eines wasserlöslichen Flächengebildes;
• ii) Verformen des wasserlöslichen Flächengebildes unter Ausbildung einer Aufnahmekammer;
• iii) Befüllen der Aufnahmekammer mit einem festen Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel;
• iv) Verschließen der befüllten Aufnahmekammer.

Another subject of the application is a method for producing a detergent portion unit as described above, comprising the steps:

• i) providing a water-soluble fabric;
• ii) deforming the water-soluble sheet to form a receiving chamber;
• iii) filling the receiving chamber with a solid washing or cleaning agent;
• iv) closing the filled receiving chamber.

In step i) of the production process, water-soluble polymer films or, alternatively, water-soluble nonwovens can be used as water-soluble fabrics.

Before filling with the solid detergent or cleaning agent, the water-soluble surface is formed in step ii) of the method and deformed to form a receiving chamber. This deformation is preferably carried out by deep-drawing the fabric, for example under the action of a vacuum. In particular when using a nonwoven fabric in step i), it has proven to be advantageous to bring about the deformation in step ii) by the action of a stamp.

After filling in step iii), the filled receiving chamber is closed in step iv). Water-soluble nonwovens in particular have proven themselves as closure means. If a water-soluble nonwoven is used in step i), a washing agent portion unit according to the invention can be obtained if the filled receiving chamber is closed in step iv) without using another water-soluble fabric.

It is preferred to sew up the filled receiving chamber in step iv), with the sewing using a water-soluble material, preferably using a water-soluble thread, particularly preferably by means of a water-soluble thread made of polyvinyl alcohol have proven to be particularly advantageous.

A third subject of the claim is a method for textile care or textile cleaning, in which one of the detergent portion units described above is introduced into the dispenser drawer or the washing drum of a textile washing machine.

The machine textile washing process is preferably carried out at temperatures from 20°C to 90°C, preferably from 30°C to 45°.

Preferred embodiments of the manufacturing process and the process for textile care or textile cleaning have, mutatis mutandis, the features listed in relation to the detergent portion unit, to which reference is made at this point to avoid repetition.

1. 1. Waschmittelportionseinheit, umfassend
   1. a) festes Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel
   2. b) eine wasserlösliche Umhüllung, welche das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel vollständig umschließt,
   wobei die wasserlösliche Umhüllung wenigstens anteilsweise aus einem wasserlöslichen Vliesstoff besteht.
2. 2. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach Punkt 1, wobei die Portionseinheit in Form eines Beutels vorliegt.
3. 3. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Portionseinheit in Form eines Sachets vorliegt.
4. 4. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach Punkt 3, wobei das Sachet zwei wasserlösliche Flächengebilden umfasst, welche mittels einer umlaufenden Siegelnaht zu einem Beutel verbunden sind, dessen Inneres das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel enthält.
5. 5. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach Punkt 4, wobei mindestens eines der beiden wasserlöslichen Flächengebilde des Sachets einen wasserlöslichen Vliesstoff umfasst.
6. 6. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach Punkt 4, wobei die umlaufende Siegelnaht einen abgerundeten Verlauf aufweist.
7. 7. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Portionseinheit eine kubische, zylindrische oder sphärisch-kuppelförmige Aufnahmekammer aufweist.
8. 8. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Waschmittelportionseinheit ein Volumen von 4 bis 70 mL, vorzugsweise 6 bis 50mL und insbesondere 8 bis 25 mL aufweist.
9. 9. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff einen Teil der Außenfläche der Waschmittelportionseinheit bildet und in direktem Kontakt zu dem festen Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel steht.
10. 10. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel in Form eines Pulvers, Granulats, Extrudats, Kompaktats oder Gießkörpers, vorzugsweise in Form eines Granulats, Extrudats oder Kompaktats vorliegt.
11. 11. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die wasserlösliche Umhüllung zu mindestens 50 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zu mindestens 60 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zu 60 bis 95 Gew.-% und insbesondere zu 65 bis 95 Gew.-% aus einem wasserlöslichen Polymer besteht.
12. 12. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die wasserlösliche Umhüllung wasserlösliches Polymer aus der Gruppe der Polyvinylalkohole und deren Copolymere umfasst, vorzugsweise aus der Gruppe der Polyvinylalkohole umfasst.
13. 13. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die wasserlösliche Umhüllung vollständig aus einem wasserlöslichen Vliesstoff besteht.
14. 14. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die wasserlösliche Umhüllung einen wasserlöslichen Polymerfilm und einen wasserlöslichen Vliesstoff umfasst.
15. 15. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die wasserlösliche Umhüllung einen wasserlöslichen Polymerfilm und einen wasserlöslichen Vliesstoff umfasst und die Randbereiche des wasserlöslichen Polymerfilms und des wasserlöslichen Vliesstoffs derart miteinander verbunden sind, dass beide gemeinsam ein Volumen umschließen, welches wenigstens anteilsweise mit dem festen Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel befüllt ist.
16. 16. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das von wasserlöslichen Umhüllung umschlossene Volumen mehr als dem doppelten Volumen, vorzugsweise mehr als dem vierfachen Volumen und insbesondere mehr als dem achtfachen Volumen des wasserlöslichen Hüllmaterials entspricht.
17. 17. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der Gewichtsanteil der wasserlöslichen Umhüllung am Gesamtgewicht der Waschmittelportionseinheit weniger als 20 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise weniger als 10 Gew.-% und insbesondere weniger als 8 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 2 und 10 Gew.-% und ganz besonders bevorzugt zwischen 2 und 8 Gew.-% beträgt.
18. 18. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die wasserlösliche Umhüllung einen wasserlöslichen Polymerfilm und einen wasserlöslichen Vliesstoff umfasst und der wasserlösliche Polymerfilm und der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff durch Heißsiegeln, Wassersiegeln, Ultraschallsiegeln miteinander verbunden sind.
19. 19. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die wasserlösliche Umhüllung einen wasserlöslichen Polymerfilm und einen wasserlöslichen Vliesstoff umfasst und der wasserlösliche Polymerfilm und der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff miteinander vernäht sind.
20. 20. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach Punkt 19, wobei der wasserlösliche Polymerfilm und der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff mittels eines wasserlöslichen Materials, vorzugsweise mittels eines wasserlöslichen Fadens, besonders bevorzugt mittels eines wasserlöslichen Fadens aus Polyvinylalkohol miteinander vernäht sind.
21. 21. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die wasserlösliche Umhüllung einen tiefgezogenen wasserlöslichen Polymerfilm und einen wasserlöslichen Vliesstoff umfasst.
22. 22. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff mindestens 10%, vorzugsweise 15 bis 80%, besonders bevorzugt 25 bis 60% und insbesondere 30 bis 45% der Oberfläche der Waschmittelportionseinheit bildet.
23. 23. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff zu mindestens 50 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zu mindestens 70 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zu mindestens 90 Gew.-% und insbesondere zu mindestens 98 Gew.-% aus Polyvinylalkohol oder Polyvinylalkoholcopolymeren, insbesondere aus Polyvinylalkoholen besteht.
24. 24. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff mehr als 2 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise mehr als 4 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt mehr als 8 Gew.-%, insbesondere 8 bis 60 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 12 bis 50 Gew.-% und insbesondere 24 bis 40 Gew.-% wasch- oder reinigungsaktiven Inhaltsstoff enthält.
25. 25. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff aus der Gruppe der Nadelvliesstoffe ausgewählt ist.
26. 26. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff aus der Gruppe der Wirrlage Vliesstoffe ausgewählt ist.
27. 27. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff ein Flächengewicht von 40 bis 200 g/m², vorzugsweise von 60 bis 180 g/m² und insbesondere von 80 bis 160 g/m² aufweist.
28. 28. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte 1 bis 19, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe der Stoffschlussvliesstoffe ausgewählt ist.
29. 29. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der Punkte 1 bis 24 und 27, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff aus der Gruppe der Kreuzlage Vliesstoffe ausgewählt ist.
30. 30. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der Punkte 1 bis 24, 27 und 28, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff ein Flächengewicht von 30 bis 80 g/m², vorzugsweise von 33 bis 70 g/m² und insbesondere von 36 bis 70 g/m² aufweist.
31. 31. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff weiß ist.
32. 32. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff auf seiner Außenseite bedruckt ist.
33. 33. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Umhüllung der Portionseinheit einen wasserlöslichen Film umfasst und dieser Film transparent ist.
34. 34. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Umhüllung der Portionseinheit einen wasserlöslichen Film umfasst und dieser Film bedruckt ist.
35. 35. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel wenigstens anteilsweise farbig ist.
36. 36. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff mindestens einen wasch- oder reinigungsaktiven Inhaltsstoff, vorzugsweise mindestens einen wasch- oder reinigungsaktiven Inhaltsstoff aus der Gruppe der Duftstoffe umfasst.
37. 37. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel mindestens einen wasch- oder reinigungsaktiven Inhaltsstoff aus der Gruppe der Gerüststoffe, Tenside, waschaktiven Polymere, Enzyme, Bleichmittel und Duftstoffe umfasst.
38. 38. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel mindestens einen wasch- oder reinigungsaktiven Inhaltsstoff aus der Gruppe der Bleichmittel, vorzugsweise der Sauerstoffbleichmittel umfasst.
39. 39. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel mindestens einen wasch- oder reinigungsaktiven Inhaltsstoff aus der Gruppe der Duftstoffe umfasst.
40. 40. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel freien Duftstoff und verkapselten Duftstoff umfasst und das Gewichtsverhältnis des freien Duftstoffs zu dem in verkapselter Form vorliegenden Duftstoffs zwischen 2:1 und 1:8, vorzugweise zwischen 1:1 und 1:6 beträgt.
41. 41. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel, bezogen auf sein Gesamtgewicht 0,2 bis 30 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,5 bis 20 Gew.-% und insbesondere 1 bis 15 Gew.-% textilpflegende Verbindung umfasst.
42. 42. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel eine textilpflegende Verbindung aus der Gruppe der kationischen Tenside umfasst.
43. 43. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel eine textilpflegende Verbindung aus der Gruppe der amphoteren Tenside umfasst.
44. 44. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel eine textilpflegende Verbindung aus der Gruppe der kationischen Polymere umfasst.
45. 45. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel eine textilpflegende Verbindung aus der Gruppe der Fettstoffe umfasst.
46. 46. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel eine textilpflegende Verbindung aus der Gruppe der Schichtsilikate, vorzugsweise der Bentonite umfasst.
47. 47. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel eine textilpflegende Verbindung aus der Gruppe der Silikone, vorzugsweise der Aminosilikone umfasst.
48. 48. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das feste Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel weniger als 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise weniger als 5 Gew.-% Wasser enthält.
49. 49. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Waschmittelportionseinheit eine Aufnahmekammer aufweist.
50. 50. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Waschmittelportionseinheit zwei, drei oder vier Aufnahmekammern aufweist, welche mit voneinander verschiedenen festen Wasch- oder Reinigungsmitteln befüllt sind.
51. 51. Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Waschmittelportionseinheit gemeinsam mit mindestens einer weiteren Waschmittelportionseinheiten, vorzugsweise in loser Schüttung, in direktem Kontakt miteinander in einer Umverpackung vorliegt.
52. 52. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der Punkte 1 bis 51, umfassend die Schritte:
    1. i) Bereitstellen eines wasserlöslichen Flächengebildes;
    2. ii) Verformen des wasserlöslichen Flächengebildes unter Ausbildung einer Aufnahmekammer;
    3. iii) Befüllen der Aufnahmekammer mit einem festen Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel;
    4. iv) Verschließen der befüllten Aufnahmekammer.
53. 53. Verfahren nach Punkt 52, wobei als wasserlösliches Flächengebilde in Schritt i) ein wasserlöslicher Polymerfilm eingesetzt wird.
54. 54. Verfahren nach Punkt 52, wobei als wasserlösliches Flächengebilde in Schritt i) ein wasserlöslicher Vliesstoff eingesetzt wird.
55. 55. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das wasserlösliche Flächengebilde in Schritt ii) tiefgezogen wird.
56. 56. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei das wasserlösliche Flächengebilde in Schritt ii) durch Einwirkung eines Stempels verformt wird.
57. 57. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die Aufnahmekammer in Schritt iv) mittels eines wasserlöslichen Vliesstoffes verschlossen wird.
58. 58. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei der wasserlösliche Vliesstoff aus Schritt i) in Schritt iv) ohne Einsatz eines weiteren wasserlöslichen Flächengebildes zu einer Waschmittelportionseinheit verschlossen wird.
59. 59. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die befüllte Aufnahmekammer in Schritt iv) durch Vernähen verschlossen wird.
60. 60. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Punkte, wobei die befüllte Aufnahmekammer in Schritt iv) durch Vernähen mittels eines wasserlöslichen Materials, vorzugsweise mittels eines wasserlöslichen Fadens, besonders bevorzugt mittels eines wasserlöslichen Fadens aus Polyvinylalkohol verschlossen wird.
61. 61. Verfahren zur Textilpflege oder Textilreinigung, bei welchem eine Waschmittelportionseinheit nach einem der Punkte 1 bis 51 in die Einspülschublade oder die Waschtrommel einer Textilwaschmaschine eingebracht wird.

In summary, items provided by this application include:

1. A detergent dosage unit comprising
   1. a) solid detergent or cleaning agent
   2. b) a water-soluble casing which completely encloses the solid detergent or cleaning agent,
   wherein the water-soluble cover consists at least partially of a water-soluble non-woven fabric.
2. 2. Detergent portion unit according to point 1, wherein the portion unit is in the form of a bag.
3. 3. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the portion unit is in the form of a sachet.
4. 4. Detergent portion unit according to point 3, wherein the sachet comprises two water-soluble fabrics which are connected by means of a circumferential sealed seam to form a sachet, the interior of which contains the solid detergent or cleaning agent.
5. 5. Detergent portion unit according to point 4, wherein at least one of the two water-soluble fabrics of the sachet comprises a water-soluble nonwoven.
6. 6. Detergent portion unit according to item 4, wherein the peripheral sealing seam has a rounded shape.
7. 7. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the portion unit has a cubic, cylindrical or spherical-dome-shaped receiving chamber.
8. 8. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the detergent portion unit has a volume of 4 to 70 mL, preferably 6 to 50 mL and in particular 8 to 25 mL.
9. 9. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven fabric forms part of the outer surface of the detergent portion unit and is in direct contact with the solid detergent or cleaning agent.
10. 10. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent is in the form of a powder, granules, extrudate, compact or casting, preferably in the form of a granulate, extrudate or compact.
11. 11. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the water-soluble coating is at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, particularly preferably 60 to 95% by weight and in particular 65 to 95% by weight consists of a water-soluble polymer.
12. 12. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the water-soluble coating comprises water-soluble polymer from the group of polyvinyl alcohols and their copolymers, preferably from the group of polyvinyl alcohols.
13. 13. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the water-soluble cover consists entirely of a water-soluble nonwoven.
14. 14. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the water-soluble cover comprises a water-soluble polymer film and a water-soluble non-woven fabric.
15. 15. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the water-soluble cover comprises a water-soluble polymer film and a water-soluble nonwoven and the edge regions of the water-soluble polymer film and the water-soluble nonwoven are connected to one another in such a way that both together enclose a volume which is at least partially filled with the solid detergent - or cleaning agent is filled.
16. 16. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the volume enclosed by the water-soluble envelope is more than twice the volume, preferably more than four times the volume and in particular special corresponds to more than eight times the volume of the water-soluble shell material.
17. 17. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the proportion by weight of the water-soluble envelope in the total weight of the detergent portion unit is less than 20% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight and in particular less than 8% by weight, particularly preferably between 2 and 10% by weight and most preferably between 2 and 8% by weight.
18. 18. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the water-soluble cover comprises a water-soluble polymer film and a water-soluble nonwoven and the water-soluble polymer film and the water-soluble nonwoven are connected to one another by heat sealing, water sealing, ultrasonic sealing.
19. 19. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the water-soluble cover comprises a water-soluble polymer film and a water-soluble non-woven fabric and the water-soluble polymer film and the water-soluble non-woven fabric are sewn together.
20. 20. Detergent portion unit according to point 19, wherein the water-soluble polymer film and the water-soluble nonwoven are sewn together using a water-soluble material, preferably using a water-soluble thread, particularly preferably using a water-soluble thread made of polyvinyl alcohol.
21. 21. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the water-soluble cover comprises a thermoformed water-soluble polymer film and a water-soluble nonwoven.
22. 22. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven forms at least 10%, preferably 15 to 80%, particularly preferably 25 to 60% and in particular 30 to 45% of the surface of the detergent portion unit.
23. 23. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven fabric is made up of at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, particularly preferably at least 90% by weight and in particular at least 98% by weight, of polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, in particular consists of polyvinyl alcohols.
24. 24. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven fabric more than 2% by weight, preferably more than 4% by weight, particularly preferably more than 8% by weight, in particular 8 to 60% by weight, preferably 12 to 50% by weight and in particular 24 to 40% by weight of washing or cleaning-active ingredient.
25. 25. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven is selected from the group of needled nonwovens.
26. 26. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven is selected from the group of randomly oriented nonwovens.
27. 27. Detergent portion unit according to one of the above points, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven has a basis weight of 40 to 200 g/m ² , preferably 60 to 180 g/m ² and in particular 80 to 160 g/m ² .
28. 28. Detergent portion unit according to one of the above points 1 to 19, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven is selected from the group of bonded nonwovens.
29. 29. Detergent portion unit according to one of points 1 to 24 and 27, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven is selected from the group of cross-ply nonwovens.
30. 30. Detergent portion unit according to one of points 1 to 24, 27 and 28, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven has a basis weight of 30 to 80 g/m ² , preferably 33 to 70 g/m ² and in particular 36 to 70 g/m ² .
31. 31. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the water-soluble non-woven fabric is white.
32. 32. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven is printed on its outside.
33. 33. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the cover of the portion unit comprises a water-soluble film and this film is transparent.
34. 34. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the cover of the portion unit comprises a water-soluble film and this film is printed.
35. 35. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent is at least partially colored.
36. 36. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven fabric has at least one washing or cleaning active ingredient, preferably at least one washing or cleaning active ingredient Ingredient from the group of fragrances includes.
37. 37. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises at least one washing or cleaning active ingredient from the group of builders, surfactants, washing-active polymers, enzymes, bleaching agents and fragrances.
38. 38. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises at least one washing- or cleaning-active ingredient from the group of bleaching agents, preferably oxygen bleaching agents.
39. 39. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises at least one washing or cleaning-active ingredient from the group of fragrances.
40. 40. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises free fragrance and encapsulated fragrance and the weight ratio of the free fragrance to the fragrance present in encapsulated form is between 2:1 and 1:8, preferably between 1:1 and is 1:6.
41. 41. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent, based on its total weight, contains 0.2 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight and in particular 1 to 15% by weight textile care connection includes.
42. 42. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises a fabric-care compound from the group of cationic surfactants.
43. 43. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises a fabric-care compound from the group of amphoteric surfactants.
44. 44. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises a fabric-care compound from the group of cationic polymers.
45. 45. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises a textile-care compound from the group of fatty substances.
46. 46. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises a textile-care compound from the group of layered silicates, preferably bentonites.
47. 47. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent comprises a textile care compound from the group of silicones, preferably amino silicones.
48. 48. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent contains less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight, of water.
49. 49. Detergent portion unit according to one of the previous points, wherein the detergent portion unit has a receiving chamber.
50. 50. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the detergent portion unit has two, three or four receiving chambers which are filled with different solid detergents or cleaning agents.
51. 51. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding points, wherein the detergent portion unit is present together with at least one further detergent portion unit, preferably in bulk, in direct contact with one another in an outer packaging.
52. 52. A method for producing a detergent portion unit according to any one of points 1 to 51, comprising the steps:
    1. i) providing a water-soluble fabric;
    2. ii) deforming the water-soluble sheet to form a receiving chamber;
    3. iii) filling the receiving chamber with a solid washing or cleaning agent;
    4. iv) closing the filled receiving chamber.
53. 53. The method according to item 52, wherein a water-soluble polymer film is used as the water-soluble fabric in step i).
54. 54. The method according to point 52, wherein a water-soluble nonwoven is used as the water-soluble fabric in step i).
55. 55. The method according to any one of the preceding points, wherein the water-soluble fabric is thermoformed in step ii).
56. 56. The method according to any one of the preceding points, wherein the water-soluble surface ge form is deformed in step ii) by the action of a stamp.
57. 57. Method according to one of the preceding points, in which the receiving chamber in step iv) is closed by means of a water-soluble nonwoven.
58. 58. Method according to one of the preceding points, in which the water-soluble nonwoven from step i) is closed in step iv) without using a further water-soluble fabric to form a detergent portion unit.
59. 59. Method according to one of the previous points, wherein the filled receiving chamber is closed by sewing in step iv).
60. 60. Method according to one of the previous points, wherein the filled receiving chamber in step iv) is closed by sewing using a water-soluble material, preferably using a water-soluble thread, particularly preferably using a water-soluble thread made of polyvinyl alcohol.
61. 61. Method for textile care or textile cleaning, in which a detergent portion unit according to one of points 1 to 51 is introduced into the dispenser drawer or the washing drum of a textile washing machine.

Claims (10)

Detergent dosage unit comprising a) solid detergent or cleaning agent b) a water-soluble cover which completely encloses the solid detergent or cleaning agent, the water-soluble cover consisting at least partially of a water-soluble non-woven fabric. Detergent portion unit according to claim 1 , wherein the serving unit is in the form of a sachet. A detergent dosage unit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the water-soluble wrapper comprises a water-soluble polymeric film and a water-soluble non-woven fabric. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the water-soluble cover comprises a water-soluble polymer film and a water-soluble nonwoven and the edge regions of the water-soluble polymer film and the water-soluble nonwoven are connected to one another in such a way that both together enclose a volume which is at least partially filled with the solid detergent or detergent is filled. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven is selected from the group of needled nonwovens. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the water-soluble nonwoven is selected from the group of randomly oriented nonwovens. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the solid detergent or cleaning agent, based on its total weight 0.2 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 0.5 to 20 wt .-% and in particular 1 to 15 wt .-% textile care compound includes. Detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of detergent portion units, preferably in bulk, are in direct contact with one another in an outer packaging. Method for textile care or textile cleaning, in which a detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding claims is introduced into the dispenser drawer or the washing drum of a textile washing machine. Method for producing a detergent portion unit according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps: i) providing a water-soluble fabric; ii) deforming the water-soluble sheet to form a receiving chamber; iii) filling the receiving chamber with a solid washing or cleaning agent; iv) closing the filled receiving chamber.