DE102020204949B4 - Sensor for a vehicle safety device - Google Patents

Abstract

Sensor (310), in particular for triggering a vehicle safety device (301), with a movable inertial body (350) which is movable relative to a carrier element (340) of the sensor (310), - the inertial body (350) moving in the event of an abrupt Change in speed or an inclination of the sensor (310) beyond a predetermined amount is moved relative to the carrier element (340) due to inertia and is brought from its rest position into its trigger position, which causes a trigger position of the sensor (310), and - the sensor ( 310) is additionally equipped with an activation device (600), which is suitable for forcing the triggering position of the inertial body (350) in the activated state by mechanically acting on the inertial body (350) and moving it from the rest position into the triggering position , characterized in that - the activation device (600) comprises a movable triggering element, which leaves the inertial body (350) unaffected in a separation position and in a triggering position moves the inertial body (350) from its rest position into the triggering position, - the movable triggering element with an adjusting device (30) can be adjusted and from this can be placed in the separation position and the release position, - the adjustment device (30) changes the position of the release element with each adjustment movement, i.e. sets the separation position starting from the release position and starting from the separation position from the triggering position, and holds the respectively set position by means of positive locking, - the adjusting device (30) having an axially displaceable slide and an intermediate element (20) connected to the triggering element or formed by the triggering element itself, which rotates about the displacement axis (Vx) rotatable and axially displaceable along the displacement axis (Vx), - the intermediate element (20) being rotated by a first angle of rotation about the displacement axis (Vx) during each transition from the separation position to the release position and during the transition from the release position to the separation position is each rotated by a second angle of rotation about the displacement axis (Vx), and - wherein an end face of the slide (50) facing the intermediate element (20) and an end face of the intermediate element (23) facing the slide (50) are each at least partially ramp-shaped and When moving the intermediate element (20) in the axial direction, the intermediate element (20) is rotated around the displacement axis (Vx) and thereby causes a change in the support point.

Description

The invention relates to a sensor for a vehicle safety device, in particular for a belt retractor for winding and unwinding a seat belt. The invention also relates to vehicle safety devices, in particular in the form of belt retractors, which are equipped with such a sensor.

From the European patent specification EP 2 780 201 B1 a belt retractor with a sensor is known. The previously known sensor works due to inertia and is based on an inertial body in the form of a ball, which is deflected from a rest position to a trigger position in the event of an abrupt change in the driving state, in particular an abrupt braking, or an excessive inclination of the vehicle and thereby activates the sensor and the Belt retractor blocked.

A belt retractor with the features according to the preamble of patent claim 1 is from the German laid-open specification DE 76 30 002 U1 known.

The invention is based on the object of enabling a vehicle safety device to be triggered in a simple manner even if the inertial body itself does not trigger the sensor or would possibly not trigger it.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a sensor with the features according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the sensor according to the invention are specified in the subclaims.

A significant advantage of the sensor according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the inertial body performs a dual function, since it can trigger itself directly due to inertia and can also trigger indirectly, in response to an external mechanical influence by the activation device. The inventive interaction of inertial body and activation device saves parts and enables simple, robust and reliable sensor operation with two possible triggering, namely inertia-related triggering and external triggering, for example in the presence of an electrical triggering signal.

The trigger element is preferably strand-shaped or tubular and is designed, for example, as a trigger rod.

It is advantageous if the slide triggers a repositioning of the trigger element by axial displacement along a predetermined displacement axis, the axial displacement movement of the slide always taking place in the same way and in one and the same direction - so to speak, unidirectional in relation to the adjustment process.

With a view to low power consumption, it is considered advantageous if the activation device comprises a drive, in particular an electromagnet, which, upon short-term activation, in particular when an electrical control pulse is applied, triggers an adjustment movement of the adjustment device and causes the position of the trigger element to be changed. The adjusting device then preferably holds the set position of the triggering element by positive locking. In other words, it is advantageous if the drive, for example an electromagnet, only has to be activated, in particular energized, for a short time in order to change the triggering element, but not in the end positions or the disconnected position or the triggering position of the triggering element. The drive can be switched off in the end positions because the position of the trigger element is maintained by positive locking.

When activated for a short time, in particular when an electrical control pulse is applied, the drive, in particular an electromagnet, preferably generates a magnetic field, in particular a magnetic field pulse, by which the adjustment movement of the adjustment device is triggered and the position of the trigger element is changed.

It is advantageous if the triggering element can be adjusted solely by carrying out an axial displacement movement of an intermediate element connected to the triggering element or formed by the triggering element itself repeatedly in the same way and in one and the same direction - so to speak, unidirectionally in relation to the triggering of the adjustment process becomes.

It is advantageous if the slide triggers a change in the support point of the intermediate element simply by axial displacement along a predetermined displacement axis, namely starting from a first support point to the second support point and vice versa starting from the second support point to the first support point. The first support point is preferably formed by an axially fixed holding element and the second support point by the slide itself.

In a preferred embodiment, the slider consists wholly or at least partially (particularly in the case of a multi-part design of the slider) from a magnetizable material, so that it can be displaced axially by an external magnetic field, for example of an electrical coil Lich and can thereby change the support point of the intermediate element.

The end face of the slider facing the intermediate element, the end face of the intermediate element facing the slider and the end face of the holding element facing the intermediate element are preferably each ramp-shaped at least in sections in order to cause the intermediate element to rotate and thereby change the support point when the intermediate element is moved in the axial direction .

In many cases, particularly in the advantageous embodiments of the adjustment device described above, sufficient security that the trigger element assumes the correct position can be achieved even without additional monitoring. With a view to further increasing safety, an end position sensor can advantageously be present to monitor the correct position of the triggering element.

A control device connected to the end position sensor will preferably actuate the drive, in particular the electromagnet, again if a desired end position of the trigger element is not present or has not been reached.

With a view to additional redundancy, it can also advantageously be provided that two or more end position sensors are present. In the latter variant, the control device mentioned will preferably compare the sensor signals of the two end position sensors and, for example, generate a warning signal if the sensor signals diverge or indicate different end positions.

The activation device preferably comprises, as the triggering element, a triggering rod which is movable along the longitudinal direction of the rod and, when the activation device is activated, is moved by an adjusting device in the direction of the inertial body and pushes or pushes it into the triggering position. The rod longitudinal direction preferably corresponds to the direction of the axial displacement movement, along which the intermediate element is repeatedly moved in the same way and in one and the same direction - so to speak, unidirectionally in relation to the triggering of the adjustment process.

In a preferred embodiment, the inertial body is a ball which rests on a trough or rolling surface of the carrier element and can roll on it.

In another preferred embodiment, the inertial body is held by a pendulum joint, which enables the inertial body to oscillate relative to the support element.

The adjusting device preferably comprises an intermediate element connected to the triggering element or formed by the triggering element itself.

The adjusting device preferably has a rotationally fixed holding element that is axially fixed along the predetermined displacement axis, in contrast to which the intermediate element is axially displaceable along the predetermined displacement axis.

The intermediate element is preferably displaceable in such a way that it can have a first or a second axial relative position relative to the holding element.

One of the axial relative positions preferably determines the release position and the other the separation position.

It is considered particularly advantageous if the holding element has at least two support sections which - spaced apart from the displacement axis - extend parallel to the displacement axis in the direction of the intermediate element and form a receiving gap between them, the intermediate element has at least two engagement sections which - spaced from the displacement axis - extend parallel to the displacement axis in the direction of the holding element and form a gap between them, and the intermediate element and the holding element are pushed deeper into one another in the first relative position than in the second relative position.

In other words, it is advantageous if, in the first relative position, the engagement sections of the intermediate element inserted into the receiving gap of the holding element and the support sections of the holding element inserted into the gap of the intermediate element form a type of tongue-and-groove connection or a positive connection (at least in the direction of rotation of the intermediate element ) form.

The engagement sections are preferably arranged rotationally symmetrically.

The support sections are preferably arranged rotationally symmetrically.

It is also advantageous if the intermediate element and the holding element are pushed into one another in the first relative position in such a way that the at least two engagement sections each fit into an assigned receiving gap in the holding element are inserted and axial side walls of the engagement sections are supported on axial side walls of the support sections and a relative rotation between the intermediate element and the holding element is blocked by the axial side walls. In the second relative position, end faces of the engagement sections preferably rest on an end face of one of the support sections.

The end faces of the engagement sections and the end faces of the support sections preferably engage one another in the second relative position, in particular they preferably form a positive connection (at least in the direction of rotation of the intermediate element).

The end faces of the support sections are preferably inclined at an angle between 10 and 80 degrees relative to the displacement axis.

The end faces of the engagement sections preferably each have two ramp surfaces which are axially offset from one another and which are arranged parallel to the inclined end faces of the support sections, and each have an end stop surface located between the two ramp surfaces.

The end stop surfaces preferably block a relative rotation of the intermediate element in the second relative position.

The slide preferably has a tooth structure, in particular a sawtooth structure, on the end face facing the intermediate element.

The intermediate element preferably has a corresponding tooth structure, in particular a sawtooth structure, on the end face facing the tooth structure of the slide.

The tooth structures are preferably composed of “steep” surfaces and “flat” surfaces.

The steep surfaces are preferably parallel to the displacement axis or at least have an angle to it of less than 10°. The steep surfaces can therefore also be referred to as axial surfaces.

The flat surfaces preferably have an angle between 30° and 60°, preferably 45°, to the displacement axis.

It can also be advantageously provided that the slide has tips on the end face facing the intermediate element, which generate a rotational movement as soon as the slide controls the intermediate element beyond the holding element.

It is also advantageous if, in the activation position of the adjusting element, the slide - driven by the spring force of an unlocking spring - presses its tooth structure against that of the intermediate element, thereby lifting the intermediate element relative to the holding element and the intermediate element about the displacement axis by an adjustment rotation angle defined by the tooth structures rotates as soon as the intermediate element and the holding element are disengaged due to the lifting.

The first angle of rotation by which the intermediate element is rotated during each transition from the separation position to the release position is preferably determined by the distance between the axial side walls (on which the front axial side wall of the engagement sections in the direction of rotation can be supported) of adjacent support elements minus the distance between the front stop surface in the end faces of the engagement sections and the axial side wall of the respective engagement section located in front of it in the direction of rotation.

The second angle of rotation by which the intermediate element is rotated during each transition from the release position to the separation position is preferably determined by the distance between the front stop surface in the end faces of the engagement sections and the axial side wall of the respective engagement section located in front of it in the direction of rotation.

The adjusting device preferably has an electromagnet which, when switched on, pulls the adjusting element away from the holding element and thereby moves it into the activation position and, when switched off, allows the spring force of one or more return springs (solenoid spring and/or locking spring) to move the adjusting element and the intermediate element in To move or press the direction towards the holding element.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the electromagnet directly moves the slide when switched on. For this purpose, the slide preferably consists entirely or at least in sections of iron or another material that can be attracted or magnetized by a magnetic field.

The invention also relates to a vehicle safety device, in particular in the form of a belt retractor, which is equipped with a sensor as described above.

The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments; show it 1 until 14 and 16 until 19 three exemplary embodiments for a sensor and 15 a vehicle safety device with such a sensor. For the sake of clarity, the same reference numbers are always used in the figures for identical or comparable components.

The 15 shows an exemplary embodiment of a vehicle safety device 301, which is equipped with a belt retractor 305 and a sensor 310. The belt retractor 305 includes a ratchet wheel 315 which is non-rotatable with one in the 1 Belt reel of the belt retractor 305, not shown, is connected. The ratchet wheel 315 can be locked by the sensor 310, so that rotation of the ratchet wheel 315 and thus a rotation of the belt reel of the belt retractor 305 is prevented when the sensor 310 is triggered, for example in the event of an abrupt change in the vehicle speed.

In the 15 You can also see a frame 320 of the belt retractor 305, which has a plate 325 with a through opening 330. The plate 325 with the through opening 330 forms a carrier device 335 for attaching the sensor 310.

The sensor 310 includes a support element 340 which is equipped with a lower rolling surface 345. On the lower rolling surface 345 there is an inertial body 350 which can be rolled, which can be a ball, for example. A sensor member 355 rests on the inertial body 350 and is pivotably mounted on the support element 340 by bolts 360.

The sensor member 355 is connected to a locking section 365, which, depending on the pivot angle of the sensor member 355, can engage in the ratchet wheel 315 and prevent rotational movement of the ratchet wheel 315. The pivot angle of the sensor member 355 relative to the support element 340 depends on the respective position of the inertia body 350, which can roll on the lower rolling surface 345 when the sensor 310 or the belt retractor 305 are moved abruptly.

Moving the inertia body 350 and thus pivoting the sensor member 355 can also be triggered by an activation device 600, of which a triggering element, for example in the form of a triggering rod 601 in the 15 can be seen more closely.

To attach the sensor 310 to the carrier device 335 or in the through opening 330 of the plate 325, the sensor 310 is equipped with a housing part 370, which is inserted into the through opening 330 of the plate 325 in such a way that the annular stop section 375 is on the carrier element 340 facing side 385 of the plate 325 rests. After inserting the sensor 310 into the through opening 330, the sensor 310 as well as the ratchet wheel 315 can be covered by means of a cover element 390, which is placed on the plate 325 or the frame 320 of the belt retractor 305.

The 16 shows components of a first exemplary embodiment for an activation device 600, which is used in the sensor 310 according to the 15 can be used, in more detail.

You can see in the 16 the trigger rod 601, which is attached to an intermediate element 20 with its rod end remote or facing away from the inertial body 350 or is integrally formed on it, i.e. formed with it by a single component. The intermediate element 20 serves to separate the release rod 601 from the inertia body 350 in a separation position and to leave the inertia body 350 unaffected and in a release position or push position to push the release rod 601 against the inertia body 350 - similar to a billiard cue - and thereby the To move the inertial body 350 out of its rest position and to trigger a pivoting of the locking section 365 into the ratchet wheel 315, which in turn prevents the belt reel from rotating in the belt unwinding direction.

To adjust the intermediate element 20 from the one in the 16 The separation position shown in the release position and vice versa serves an adjusting device 30. Of the adjusting device 30 are in the 16 a rotationally fixed and axially fixed holding element 40, a slide 50 which can be displaced along the displacement axis Vx, a return spring 602 which acts on the slide 50 and pulls it to the left along the displacement axis Vx against the displacement direction X, an unlocking spring 603 and an electrical coil 604.

The return spring 602 keeps the slide 50 under tension and preferably acts against rattling of the slide 50. The force of the adjusting unit 30 and that of the return spring 602 preferably exceed the force of the unlocking spring 603.

To move the intermediate element 20 and thus the release rod 601, the coil 604 is used, which forms an electromagnet and can move the magnetizable slide 50 along the displacement direction Intermediate element 20 and thus the position of the release rod 601 to adjust.

An end position sensor 200 is used to detect the respective position of the trigger rod 601, which works capacitively or inductively, for example, and can preferably detect a detectable element 605 - for example in the form of a metal or magnetic plate - which is arranged between the trigger rod 601 and the intermediate element 20.

The 17 shows the sequence of movements of the individual parts when changing the end position of the release rod 601. The upper illustration shows the activation device 600 with the release rod extended, i.e. in the release position.

The middle illustration shows the displacement of the slide 50 by the magnetic field of the coil 604 along the displacement direction and the opposite ramp surfaces 40a of the holding element 40 are offset, so that the latter ramp surfaces 40a of the holding element 40 are now each opposite a gap 20b in the intermediate element 20. This subsequently enables the intermediate element 20 to be displaced counter to the displacement direction X and the release rod 601 to be displaced into the separation position (see illustration below in 17 ).

With the next current pulse through the coil 604, the slide 50 is again displaced along the displacement direction X, which in turn causes the intermediate element 20 to rotate; During this rotation, the ramp surfaces 20a of the intermediate element 20 are now rotated again onto the ramp surfaces 40a of the holding element 40, so that the ramp surfaces 20a of the intermediate element 20 can again be supported on the ramp surfaces 40a of the holding element 40 and the release rod 601 remains in the release position (see again upper Presentation in 17 ).

The 18 shows, as a second exemplary embodiment for an activation device 600, an embodiment variant of the first exemplary embodiment, in which 50 tips 50b are arranged on the slide and 20 tips 20c on the intermediate element. The tips 20c and 50b serve to generate a rotational movement as soon as the slide 50 controls the intermediate element 20 beyond the holding element 40. As soon as the intermediate element 20 is no longer controlled via the holding element 40, a further rotation takes place due to the contour or end face design (ramp surfaces) of the intermediate element 20 and the holding element 40.

The 19 shows components of a third embodiment of a locking mechanism 600 in more detail. The release rod 601, which is attached to an intermediate element 20 with its rod end remote or facing away from the inertial body 350, can be seen in the release position.

The dashed release rod 601 'shows - for better understanding - the same release rod again, also in the release position, after it has rotated about the displacement axis Vx after the locking mechanism 600 has been actuated several times.

To adjust the intermediate element 20 from the one in the 19 The release position shown in the release position and vice versa serves an adjusting device 30. From the adjusting device 30 are in the 19 a rotationally fixed and axially fixed holding element 40, a slide 50 which can be displaced along the displacement axis Vx, an unlocking spring 60 which acts on the slide 50 and pushes it to the left along the displacement axis Vx against the displacement direction X, a locking spring 70 and an adjusting element 80. The Locking spring 70 presses the intermediate element 20 - along the displacement direction X - towards the holding element 40.

A drive or actuator is used to move the adjusting element 80 and thus indirectly the release rod 601, which can be designed as an electromagnet 120, for example.

The 1 until 14 show the components of the third exemplary embodiment 19 in more detail in various representations; For reasons of clarity, the rod-shaped trigger element 601 is only in the. due to its length 1 shown in more detail.

In the 1 You can see - in a three-dimensional representation - the rotationally fixed and axially fixed holding element 40, the slide 50 which can be displaced along the displacement axis Vx, the unlocking spring 60, which acts on the slide 50 and moves it along the displacement axis Vx against the displacement direction X in the illustration according to 1 pushes upward, the locking spring 70 and the adjusting element 80. The locking spring 70 presses the intermediate element 20 along the displacement axis Vx and along the displacement direction X downwards and thus the intermediate element 20 in the direction of the holding element 40.

The holding element 40 has a cup-shaped circumferential side wall, which for reasons of clarity in the 1 is not shown in more detail. The cup-shaped circumferential side wall serves to determine the radial position of the intermediate element 20 relative to or within the holding element 40.

The 1 shows the thrust position of the release rod 601, i.e. the position in which the release rod with its rod end 601a rests on the inertia body 350 (see 15 and 16 ) pushes it, moves it and thereby pivots the locking section 365 into the locking wheel 315.

The 1 also shows a gear element 10, which is, for example, a gear with external teeth. The gear element 10 cooperates with the intermediate element 20 and is coupled to the intermediate element 20 in the abutting position of the release rod 601, so that further rotation of the gear element 10 is prevented; in the disconnected position of the release rod (see 16 ), the gear element 10 is separated from the intermediate element 20 and can therefore rotate.

In the exemplary embodiment according to 1 The adjusting device 30 therefore has a dual function: In the impact position, the inertia body 350 is moved by the release rod 601 and the ratchet wheel 15 is moved accordingly 15 blocked and at the same time the intermediate element 20 is coupled to the gear element 10 and blocked in rotation. In the disconnected position, the inertia body 350 remains unaffected and the intermediate element 20 and the gear element 10 are decoupled.

The transmission element 10 can be used to control other components of the vehicle; However, the gear element 10 is not absolutely necessary, but only an advantageous variant; The gear element 10 can also be omitted, so that adjusting the intermediate element 20 only causes the release rod 601 to move.

The 2 shows the components according to 1 in another representation, with the intermediate element 20 assuming its separated position. It can be seen that the intermediate element 20 is separated from the first gear element 10 in the axial direction.

In addition, the cup-shaped circumferential side wall 49 can be seen, which closes or encloses the edge of the holding element 40.

The 3 shows the intermediate element 20 again in the 2 shown separation position, the cup-shaped circumferential side wall 49 being omitted for better understanding. The 11 shows the same state, although - for better clarity - the springs 60 and 70 and the slider 50 have also been omitted here.

The 12 and 13 show the intermediate element 20 and the holding element 40 in a three-dimensional view diagonally in front of the page.

It can be in the 3 , 11 and 12 recognize that the intermediate element 20 has engagement sections 21 which - spaced apart from the displacement axis Vx - extend parallel to the displacement axis Vx in the direction of the holding element 40 and each form a gap 22 between them.

At the in the 3 and 11 In the separation position shown, the end faces 23 of the engagement sections 21 rest on associated end faces 43 of support sections 41 of the holding element 40.

The support sections 41 of the holding element 40 are also arranged at a distance from the displacement axis Vx and extend parallel to the displacement axis Vx in the direction of the intermediate element 20. The support elements 41 each form a receiving gap 42 between them.

The size of the receiving gap 42 between the support sections 41 is in each case dimensioned such that the engagement sections 21 of the intermediate element 20 can dip into the receiving gap 42, so that the intermediate element 20 moves along the displacement direction X, i.e. in the 3 downward, extend into the holding element 40 and can form a positive connection with it in the manner of a tongue-and-groove connection. The intermediate element 20 is lowered relative to the first gear element 10 so that it can come into engagement with it and reach the release position, as in the 1 is shown.

The 3 and 11 Furthermore, it can be seen that the shape of the end faces 23 of the engagement sections 21 of the intermediate element is coordinated with the shape of the end faces 43 of the support sections 41 of the holding element 40 in order to prevent the engagement sections 21 from slipping off the associated support sections 41.

The 4 shows the design of the end faces 23 of the engagement sections 21 in more detail. It can be seen that the end faces 23 each have two ramp surfaces 231 and 232 which are radially offset from one another and which are arranged parallel to the inclined end faces 43 of the support sections 41. The ramp surfaces 231 and 232 are separated from each other by a front stop surface 233.

The front stop surface 233 prevents in the 3 and 11 In the separation position shown, the engagement sections 21 rotate along the direction of rotation D because they are on the edge of the support section 41 underneath (cf. 3 and 11 ) rests.

The front axial side wall of the engagement sections 21 along the direction of rotation D is in the 4 marked with the reference number 234, the rear axial side wall, viewed along the direction of rotation D, has the reference number 235.

The distance between the front axial side wall 234 along the direction of rotation D and the front stop surface 233 is in the 4 marked with the reference symbol A. The distance A will be discussed in more detail below in connection with the angles of rotation by which the intermediate element 20 is rotated during each transition from a release position to the separation position and vice versa.

The 5 shows a first phase of the transition of the intermediate element 20 from the to the 2 , 3 and 11 shown separation position in the 1 shown release position of the intermediate element 20. The 14 shows the same state or the same first phase, whereby - for better clarity - the springs 60 and 70 and the slide 50 have also been omitted here. In the 14 the axial side walls 44, on which the front axial side walls 234 of the engagement sections 21 in the direction of rotation D are supported in the release position, are each marked with reference numerals. The distance between successive side walls 44 - viewed in the direction of rotation - is marked with the reference symbol B.

It can be seen that the intermediate element 20 is lifted by the slide 50 along the displacement axis Vx, whereby the end faces 23 of the engagement sections 21 are separated from the associated end faces 43 of the support sections 41.

The intermediate element 20 can be lifted as soon as it is in the 1 Adjusting element 80 shown is raised counter to the displacement direction

As soon as the intermediate element 20 is separated from the holding element 40 in the axial direction, it can be rotated along the direction of rotation D. The rotation of the intermediate element 20 is based on tooth structures in the intermediate element 20 and corresponding tooth structures in the slide 50, which are in the 5 are not shown in more detail; the tooth structures are discussed below in connection with the 8th and 9 explained in more detail.

The 6 shows the intermediate element 20 after a certain rotation about the axis of rotation D. In addition, the 6 the state in which the adjusting element 80 (see 1 ) has again assumed its starting position and thus the locking spring 70 presses the intermediate element 20 onto the holding element 40 against the force of the unlocking spring 60. By rotating the intermediate element 20 relative to the holding element 40, the ramp surface 231 of the engagement sections 21, which is located at the rear in the direction of rotation D, comes to rest on the end face 43 of the respective support section 41, so that the engagement sections 21 can slip on the inclined end face 43 and the engagement sections 21 in the next receiving gap 42 can slide.

The 7 shows the release position of the intermediate element 20, in which the engagement sections 21 have been completely sunk into the next receiving gap 42, as a result of which the intermediate element 20 has been sunk overall into the holding element 40 and thus comes into engagement with the first gear element 10.

The 8th and 9 show a cross section through the intermediate element 20 and the slide 50 in more detail.

In the 8th It can be seen that the intermediate element 20 has a tooth structure 25 in its central region or its radial inner region on the end face, which interacts with a corresponding tooth structure 51 of the slide 50. The adjusting element 80 is adjusted accordingly 1 raised and the slide 50 is pushed upwards by the unlocking spring 60, the tooth structures 25 and 51 cause the intermediate element 20 to rotate along the arrow direction D because ramp surfaces 251 of the tooth structure 25 of the intermediate element 20 slip on assigned ramp surfaces 511 of the tooth structure 51 of the slide 50 . As a result of the slipping, the intermediate element 20 is rotated relative to the slide 50 along the direction of rotation D.

The 9 shows the final state of the rotation of the intermediate element 20 by the tooth structures 25 and 51. It can be seen that the ramp surfaces 251 of the intermediate element 20 now rest completely on the assigned ramp surfaces 511 of the slide 50.

By rotating the intermediate element 20 relative to the slide 50, the intermediate element 20 is simultaneously rotated relative to the slide Support sections 41 of the holding element 40, such as for the transition from the separation position into the release position 3 , 5 and 6 was shown.

Again referring to the 5 and 6 It can be seen there that - starting from the separation position - when the intermediate element 20 is raised, no rotation is initially possible due to the contact of the end-side stop surfaces 233 on the associated support section 41. Only after the end stop surfaces 233 are separated from the associated support sections 41 can the situation in the 8th and 9 shown rotation of the intermediate element 20 relative to the slide 50 and relative to the holding element 40, whereby the ramp surfaces 231 can subsequently slip on the associated end faces 43 of the support sections 41 and the intermediate element 20 sinks into the holding element 40, as shown in the 7 is shown. The intermediate element 20 is rotated further relative to the non-rotatable slide 50 and returns to the tooth structure position according to 8th .

If the intermediate element 20 is now moved using the slide 50, starting from the position according to 7 raised again, the tooth structures 25 and 51 are at this point in the twisted position relative to each other, as in the 8th is shown, so that when the intermediate element 20 is raised again, the intermediate element 20 rotates again in the direction of rotation D. When the intermediate element 20 is raised again from the one in the 7 The position shown is consequently then the rotated position of the engagement sections 21 relative to the support sections 41 according to 3 and 11 reached.

In other words, every time the adjusting element 80 and the slide 50 are raised for a short time, the intermediate element 20 rotates along the direction of rotation D, be it due to the interaction of the tooth structures 25 with the tooth structures 51 or due to the end faces 23 of the intermediate element 20 slipping the end faces 43 of the holding element 40, and thus subsequently to a transition from the separation position to the release position or vice versa.

Regarding the tooth structures 251 and 511, it is considered advantageous if these are sawtooth structures composed of steep and flat surfaces. The steep surfaces are preferably parallel to the displacement axis Vx. The flat surfaces preferably have an angle between 30° and 60°, preferably 45°, to the displacement axis Vx.

Again referring to the 4 and the reference symbol A should also be mentioned that in the exemplary embodiment according to 1 until 14 the first angle of rotation by which the intermediate element 20 is rotated during each transition from the separation position to the release position, by the distance B between successive axial side walls 44 of adjacent support elements 41 minus the distance A between the frontal stop surface 233 and the one in front of it in the direction of rotation D lying axial side wall 234 of the respective engagement section 21 is determined.

The second angle of rotation by which the intermediate element 20 is rotated during each transition from the release position to the disconnected position is in the exemplary embodiment according to 1 until 14 determined by the distance A between the front stop surface 233 and the axial side wall 234 of the respective engagement section 21 lying in front of it in the direction of rotation D.

The intermediate element 20 and the holding element 40 are in the 10 shown in a schematic two-dimensional or a two-dimensional unfolded representation.

In addition, you can see in the 10 the interaction of the adjusting element 80 with an electromagnet 120, which, when switched on, pulls the adjusting element 80 away from the holding element 40 and thereby moves it into an activation position in which the adjusting device 30, in particular its unlocking spring 60 and its slide 50, lift and rotate the intermediate element 20 can, whereby it changes from the disconnected position to the released position or vice versa. When switched off, a return spring 121 of the electromagnet 120 presses the adjusting element 80 along the displacement direction

For this purpose, the sum of the spring force of the return spring 121 and the spring force of the locking spring 70 is greater than the spring force of the unlocking spring 60.

In other words, switching from the disconnected position to the release position or vice versa occurs solely by briefly activating the electromagnet 120 or a brief axial deflection of the adjusting element 80 in the displacement direction Vx.

An end position sensor 200 can be present to monitor the correct position of the intermediate element 20. Becomes a desired end position of the intermediate element 20 is not reached, the electromagnet 120 can be actuated again.

Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail by preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited by the examples disclosed and other variations may be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Reference symbol list

10

Gear element

20

Intermediate element

20a

Ramp surface of the intermediate element

20b

gap

20c

sharpen

21

Intervention section

22

gap

23

face

25

Tooth structure

30

Adjustment device

40

Holding element

40a

Ramp surface of the holding element

41

Support section

42

receiving gap

43

face

44

axial side wall

49

Side wall

50

Slider

50a

Ramp surface of the slider

50b

Great

51

Tooth structure

60

Release spring

70

Locking spring

80

Adjusting element

120

Electromagnet

121

return spring

200

End position sensor

231

Ramp area

232

Ramp area

233

front stop surface

234

front axial sidewall

235

rear axial sidewall

251

Ramp area

301

Vehicle safety device

305

Belt retractor

310

sensor

315

Ratchet wheel

320

Frame

325

plate

330

Passage opening

335

Carrier facility

340

Support element

345

lower rolling surface

350

Inertial body

355

Sensor link

360

bolt

365

Barrier section

370

Housing part

375

ring-shaped stop section

385

Page

390

Cover element

511

Ramp area

600

Activation facility

601

Trigger bar

601'

dashed release rod

601a

Rod end

602

return spring

603

Release spring

604

Kitchen sink

605

detectable element

A

Distance

b

Distance

D

Direction of rotation

Vx

displacement axis

X

Shift direction

Claims (14)

Sensor (310), in particular for triggering a vehicle safety device (301), with a movable inertial body (350), which is movable relative to a carrier element (340) of the sensor (310), - the inertial body (350) moving in the event of an abrupt Change in speed or an inclination of the sensor (310) above a predetermined level In addition, due to inertia, it is moved relative to the carrier element (340) and brought from its rest position into its trigger position, which causes a trigger position of the sensor (310), and - the sensor (310) is additionally equipped with an activation device (600), which is suitable for forcing the triggering position of the inertial body (350) in the activated state by mechanically acting on the inertial body (350) and moving it from the rest position into the triggering position, characterized in that - the activation device (600). movable triggering element, which leaves the inertial body (350) unaffected in a separation position and, in a triggering position, moves the inertial body (350) from its rest position into the triggering position, - the movable triggering element is adjustable with an adjusting device (30) and from this into the Separating position and the triggering position can be set, - the adjusting device (30) changing the position of the triggering element with each adjustment movement, i.e. setting the separating position starting from the triggering position and setting the triggering position starting from the separating position, and the respectively set position by positive locking - the adjusting device (30) having an axially displaceable slide and an intermediate element (20) connected to the triggering element or formed by the triggering element itself, which is rotatable about the displacement axis (Vx) and axially displaceable along the displacement axis (Vx), - wherein the intermediate element (20) is rotated by a first angle of rotation about the displacement axis (Vx) during each transition from the separation position to the release position and is rotated by a second angle of rotation about the displacement axis (Vx) during the transition from the release position to the separation position and - wherein an end face of the slide (50) facing the intermediate element (20) and an end face of the intermediate element (23) facing the slide (50) are each at least partially ramp-shaped and when the intermediate element (20) is moved in the axial direction Twisting the intermediate element (20) around the displacement axis (Vx) and thereby causing a change in the support point. sensor (310). Claim 1 , characterized in that - the slide (50) triggers a repositioning of the trigger element simply by axial displacement along a predetermined displacement axis (Vx), - the axial displacement movement of the slide (50) always in the same way and in one and the same direction - so to speak, unidirectional in relation to the adjustment process. Sensor (310) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the slide (50) triggers a change in the support point of an intermediate element (20) solely by axial displacement along a predetermined displacement axis (Vx), namely starting from a first support point second support point and vice versa starting from the second support point to the first support point, - the first support point being formed by an axially fixed holding element (40) and the second support point being formed by the slide (50). Sensor (310) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the slide (50) consists entirely or at least partially of a magnetizable material and is axially displaceable by an external magnetic field and can thereby change the support point of the intermediate element (20). . Sensor (310) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the activation device (600) comprises an electrical drive, in particular electromagnet (120), which, when activated briefly, in particular when an electrical control pulse is applied, causes an adjustment movement of the adjustment device (30 ) triggers and causes the position of the triggering element to be changed and - the adjusting device (30) maintains the respectively set position of the triggering element by positive locking. sensor (310). Claim 5 , characterized in that - to monitor the correct position of the triggering element, at least one end position sensor (200) is present and - a control device connected to the at least one end position sensor (200) actuates the electromagnet (120) again if a desired end position of the triggering element is not present or has not been achieved. Sensor (310) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the activation device (600) comprises, as the triggering element, a triggering rod (601) which is movable along its rod longitudinal direction and when the activation device (600) is activated by an adjusting device (300). Direction of the inertial body (350) is moved and pushes or pushes it into the release position. Sensor (310) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the inertial body (350) is a ball which rests on a trough or rolling surface (345) of the carrier element (340) and can roll on it or - the inertial body (350) is held by a pendulum joint, which enables the inertial body (350) to oscillate relative to the support element (340). Sensor (310) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the adjusting device (30) has a rotationally fixed holding element (40) which is axially fixed along the predetermined displacement axis (Vx), in contrast the intermediate element (20) axially along the predetermined displacement axis ( Vx) is displaceable, and - the intermediate element (20) can have a first or a second axial relative position relative to the holding element (40). sensor (310). Claim 9 , characterized in that - the holding element (40) has at least two support sections (41) which - spaced apart from the displacement axis (Vx) - extend parallel to the displacement axis (Vx) in the direction of the intermediate element (20) and between themselves form a receiving gap (42), - the intermediate element (20) has at least two engagement sections (21) which - spaced from the displacement axis (Vx) - extend parallel to the displacement axis (Vx) in the direction of the holding element (40) and between a gap (22) forms, and - the intermediate element (20) and the holding element (40) are pushed deeper into one another in the first relative position than in the second relative position. Sensor (310) according to one of the Claims 9 or 10 , characterized in that - in the first relative position, the at least two engagement sections (21) are each inserted into an associated receiving gap (42) in the holding element (40) and axial side walls (234) of the engagement sections (21) are on axial side walls (44 ) of the support sections (41) and a relative rotation between the intermediate element (20) and the holding element (40) is blocked by the axial side walls (234, 44), and - in the second relative position, end faces (23) of the engagement sections (21) each rest on an end face (43) of one of the support sections (41). Sensor (310) according to one of the Claims 9 until 11 , characterized in that the end faces (23) of the engagement sections (21) and the end faces (43) of the support sections (41) engage one another in the second relative position, in particular - at least with respect to the direction of rotation (D) of the intermediate element (20) - form a positive connection. Sensor (310) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the adjusting device (30) has a slide (50), - the slide (50) has a tooth structure (51) on the end face (23) facing the intermediate element (20). and - the intermediate element (20) has a corresponding tooth structure (25) on the end face facing the tooth structure (51) of the slide (50). Sensor (310) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the adjusting device (30) has a slide (50), - the slide (50) has tips (50b) on the end face (23) facing the intermediate element (20). , which generate a rotary movement as soon as the slide (50) controls the intermediate element (20) beyond the holding element (40).

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