DE102020204542B4 - Vehicle door actuator, vehicle door and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Vehicle door actuator for pivoting a vehicle door (2) about a pivot point (6) of a hinge, comprising: an electric motor (E) and an at least two-stage gear (G) driven by the electric motor (E), the arrangement of the electric The engine (E) and the transmission (G) can be attached to and/or in the vehicle door (2), specifically in a space (8) available for this purpose between the vehicle door (2) and a pillar (4) of a vehicle, wherein the gear stage (GS1) which is directly driven by the electric motor (E) and is arranged within this installation space (8) has at least one external gear wheel (18) which is connected to an external drive gear wheel (16) which is arranged coaxially with an electric motor drive shaft (10). meshes, which drives the external gear (18), the gear (G) also having a gear stage (GS4) with an output shaft (12) which is axially offset relative to the electric motor drive shaft (AW), the output shaft (12) having the pivot point ( 6) of the hinge forms, characterized in that the E-Mo gate (E) together with a gear section (GS1, GS2, GS3) without the gear stage (GS4) having the axial offset is arranged centered in relation to said construction space (8), the gear (G) being designed in four stages, with a first, second and third gear stages (GS1, GS2, GS3) are arranged between the electric motor (E) and a fourth gear stage (GS4), the fourth gear stage (GS4) being the one with the axial offset, which forms the pivot point (6), wherein the first, second and third gear stage (GS1, GS2, GS3) are arranged centered in relation to the installation space (8).

Description

The invention relates to a vehicle door actuator, a vehicle door with such a vehicle door actuator and a vehicle with such a vehicle door.

From the pamphlets DE 10 2018 001 275 A1 and DE 10 2017 125 819 A1 a vehicle door actuator is known in each case.

One of the objects on which the invention is based is to provide a compact and cost-effective vehicle door actuator which opens and closes a vehicle door by an electric motor.

This object is achieved by a vehicle door actuator proposed according to claim 1 and placed under protection.

A vehicle door with such a vehicle door actuator is also proposed and protected (cf. claim 7). Furthermore, a vehicle with such a vehicle door is proposed and placed under protection (see claim 8). In addition, a use of the proposed vehicle door actuator is proposed and protected (cf. claim 9).

A vehicle door actuator for pivoting a vehicle door about a pivot point of a hinge is proposed, the vehicle door actuator comprising an electric motor and an at least two-stage gear mechanism driven by the electric motor. This arrangement of the electric motor and the transmission can be attached to and/or in the vehicle door, namely in a space available for this purpose between the vehicle door and a pillar of a vehicle.

The gear stage, which is directly driven by the electric motor and is arranged within this installation space, has at least one external gear which meshes with an external drive gear which is arranged coaxially to an electric motor drive shaft and which drives the external gear.

The transmission also has a gear stage with an output shaft that is axially offset relative to the electric motor drive shaft, with the output shaft forming the pivot point of the hinge. The output shaft axis passing through the pivot point also forms the hinge axis.

It is proposed to arrange the electric motor together with a gear section without the gear stage having the axial offset in a centered manner in relation to an available installation space between the vehicle door and a pillar of a vehicle. Advantageously, this enables optimal utilization of said installation space, which is very limited, as well as larger dimensioning of both the electric motor and the transmission.

It is also proposed to design the transmission in four stages. In this case, it is proposed to arrange a first, second and third gear stage between the electric motor and a fourth gear stage, the fourth gear stage being the one with the axial offset, which forms the fulcrum. Based on what was said above, the first, second and third gear stages are arranged in a centered manner in relation to the very limited installation space available.

A vehicle is to be understood as meaning any type of vehicle that is operated either by an internal combustion engine and/or by an electric motor, but in particular passenger cars and/or commercial vehicles.

A vehicle door is to be understood as meaning a front or rear door or also a tailgate of a vehicle.

A pillar or vehicle pillar is to be understood in particular as an A, B or C pillar of a vehicle. Such a pillar can also be understood to mean that section of a vehicle body in relation to which a tailgate is articulated.

The proposed door actuator is particularly compact and has a purely rotational effect. This means that the door actuator does not require a linear movement in order to move or pivot or open or close a vehicle door. This requires its advantageous compactness.

Said gear stage, which is directly driven by the electric motor, can have at least two external gears, which mesh with the drive external gear.

This directly driven gear stage can be designed as an involute external spur gear stage or alternatively as an involute planetary gear stage. This gear stage can have an evoloid gearing. An evoloid gearing - this is a special type of involute gearing - also promotes the compactness of the gear.

It is also proposed to design the gear stage that has the axial offset and forms the fulcrum as an involute external spur gear stage, in particular as an evoloid External spur gear stage. The latter also favors the compactness of the transmission.

A vehicle door with a vehicle door actuator of the type described above is also proposed.

A vehicle with such a vehicle door is also proposed.

In addition, the use of a purely rotary vehicle door actuator, in particular of the type described above, for pivoting a vehicle door about a pivot point of a hinge is proposed.

• 1 einen Teil eines Fahrzeugs sowie einen erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Türaktuator in einer Einbaulage,
• 2a eine Fahrzeugtür in einer geschlossenen Stellung,
• 2b die in 2a gezeigte Fahrzeugtür in einer geöffneten Stellung,
• 3 die in 2a (2a, 2b) gezeigte Fahrzeugtür mit einem koaxial zu einer Scharnierachse angeordneten Türaktuator,
• 4 die in 2a (2a, 2b) gezeigte Fahrzeugtür mit einem erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Türaktuator,
• 5 eine vorgeschlagene konkrete Ausführung des in 4 schematisch gezeigten Türaktuators,
• 6 den in 5 gezeigten Türaktuator mit Explosionsdarstellungen zweier Getriebestufen,
• 7 den in 5 gezeigten Türaktuator mit einer Explosionsdarstellung einer weiteren Getriebestufe,
• 8 eine Anbindung des in 5 gezeigten Türaktuators an ein Scharnierelement sowie
• 9 mögliche Ausführungen einer Getriebestufe.

The invention is explained in detail below with reference to figure representations. Further advantageous developments of the invention result from the dependent claims and the following description of preferred embodiments. Show, partly schematically:

• 1 a part of a vehicle and a door actuator proposed according to the invention in an installation position,
• 2a a vehicle door in a closed position,
• 2 B in the 2a vehicle door shown in an open position,
• 3 in the 2a ( 2a , 2 B ) Vehicle door shown with a door actuator arranged coaxially to a hinge axis,
• 4 in the 2a ( 2a , 2 B ) Vehicle door shown with a door actuator proposed according to the invention,
• 5 a proposed concrete implementation of the in 4 schematically shown door actuator,
• 6 the in 5 shown door actuator with exploded views of two gear stages,
• 7 the in 5 shown door actuator with an exploded view of another gear stage,
• 8th a connection of the in 5 shown door actuator to a hinge element and
• 9 possible versions of a gear stage.

2a and 2 B each schematically illustrate a vehicle door 2, which as such relative to, for example, an A or B pillar 4 of a vehicle about a pivot point 6 of a hinge between a closed position ( 2a ) and an open position ( 2 B ) is pivotable.

3 FIG. 12 illustrates a door actuator A, which is attached to the vehicle door 2 in an available, very limited installation space 8 between the vehicle door 2 and the A or B pillar 4 . An output shaft of the door actuator A forms the pivot point 6 of the hinge. The door actuator A is also arranged in its entirety coaxially to the output shaft axis passing through the pivot point 6--which at the same time acts as a hinge axis. The construction space 8 remains largely unused. The pivot point 6 is very close to the door 2, so that this distance of the pivot point 6 to the door 2 - for example 10 to 20 mm - limits the dimensioning of the actuator A.

4 on the other hand, illustrates a proposed door actuator A, which forms the pivot point 6 via an axis offset AV. Except for a gear stage 10 of the door actuator A forming the axial offset AV, whose output shaft 12 forms the pivot point 6 through which the output shaft or hinge axis SA passes, the door actuator A is arranged centered in relation to the installation space 8 . In this case, the door actuator A advantageously optimally fills the installation space 8 . The axial offset AV on the one hand and the said centered arrangement within the installation space 8 favor the best possible dimensioning of the door actuator A.

The output shaft 12 functions to a certain extent in the sense of a pin element of a hinge, only with the difference that it transmits a torque.

neither in 3 still in 4 the part of the hinge that can be fastened on the pillar side is shown, via which the door actuator A is supported relative to the pillar 4 in order to be able to pivot the vehicle door 2 accordingly. Rather, this support describes the 8th .

The door actuator A after 5 comprises an electric motor E designed as an internal rotor and a dry rotor, which is encased in a deep-drawn sheet metal, for example made of steel. A four-stage gear G (cf. GS ₁ , GS ₂ , GS ₃ , GS ₄ ) with a housing made of, for example, die-cast aluminum is connected to a bearing plate 14 of the electric motor E. The first three gear stages GS ₁ , GS ₂ , GS ₃ are arranged in the sense of a unit coaxially to the electric motor E or to its drive shaft AW. The fourth gear stage GS ₄ , on the other hand, causes the aforesaid axis offset AV in relation to the drive shaft AW (cf. drive axis AA to the hinge axis SA). The transversely or axially offset output shaft 12 forms the pivot point 6 of the hinge (cf 4 ). The output shaft axis passing through the pivot point 6 also acts as a hinge axis of an in 8th shown hinge. This output shaft 12 is based on the 4 facing door 2.

In addition, the section of the door actuator A that includes the electric motor E and the first three gear stages GS ₁ , GS ₂ , GS ₃ in relation to the aforementioned section in 3 and 4 shown, very limited space 8 advantageously centered, so that this section fills the space 8 optimally.

For the sake of completeness, the design of the individual gear stages GS ₁ , GS ₂ , GS ₃ , GS ₄ that increase or boost the torque of the electric motor E is also described below.

The gear stage GS ₁ is an involute external spur gear, advantageously with an evoloid toothing, which comprises two external gears 18 meshing with a pinion 16 . The drive shaft AW drives the pinion 16, which in turn drives the two external gears 18.

The gear stage GS ₂ includes two external gears 20, which are each arranged coaxially with one of the external gears 18 and are driven by them, and a ring gear 22, which meshes with the two external gears 20 and is driven by them. The ring gear 22 is pressed onto the input shaft of the gear stage GS ₃ and drives it.

The gear stage GS ₃ is designed as a planetary gear and includes a sun gear 24, which is driven by the ring gear 22, and a planet carrier 26 with four planet gears 28, which each mesh with a ring gear 30 and thereby rotate around the sun gear 24. The ring gear 30 is arranged stationary relative to the transmission housing. The planet carrier 26 is pressed onto the input shaft or drive shaft 32 of the gear stage GS ₄ and drives it. The gear stage GS ₄ is also an involute external spur gear, advantageously with an evoloid toothing, which comprises two external gears 34, 36 meshing with one another, of which the external gear 34 is arranged on the output shaft 32 and the external gear 36 is arranged on the output shaft 12. The output shaft 12 forms the aforesaid pivot point 6 (cf. 4 ).

As an alternative to the above-described design of the first three gear stages GS ₁ , GS ₂ , GS ₃ , two or three planetary gear stages arranged one behind the other could also be provided, each with an evoloid tooth system, in order - as already described above - to be able to build particularly compactly.

8th 12 illustrates a hinge 38 via which the door actuator A is supported on a vehicle body. The hinge 38 comprises a flange part 40 which can be connected to the vehicle body and from which an arm 42 for receiving the output shaft 12 extends. The output shaft end 13 facing the arm 42 is provided with a thread 44 via which the output shaft 12 is tightened relative to the arm 42 by means of a nut 46 . Thus, the output shaft 12 is fixed relative to the hinge 38, but rotatable relative to the input shaft or drive shaft 32 of the gear stage GS ₄ .

Via the corresponding threaded holes GL on the gearbox housing (cf. 5 ) is door actuator A on door 2 (cf. 4 ) bolt-on by threading bolts through the door 2 into the threaded holes GL, thereby tightening and tightening the door actuator A against the door 2.

In the simplest case, the gear stage GS ₁ arranged directly on the electric motor E or driven directly by the electric motor E can be an involute external spur gear with only one external gear 18, for example with an evoloid toothing, which can be driven via a corresponding drive pinion 16 . However, two such external gears 18 are expediently provided, on which the load is distributed equally and which optimally fill the installation space 8 (cf. 9 ; Left).

As an alternative to this, this gear stage GS ₁ could also be designed as a planetary gear stage, given a correspondingly available installation space 8 and a corresponding dimensioning, as is shown in 9 (right) is only indicated schematically and incompletely, ie without a corresponding ring gear.

In the installation position of door actuator A (cf. 1 and 4 ) acts on the pivotable about the output shaft 12, on the door 2 (cf. 4 ) Attached section of the door actuator A, so to speak, as the door-side hinge section, which via the output shaft 12 - and the nut 46 - interacts with the pillar-side or body-side hinge section 40, 42.

Although exemplary embodiments are explained in the preceding description, it should be pointed out that a large number of modifications are possible. In addition, it should be noted that the exemplary implementations are only examples and are not intended to limit the scope, applications, or construction in any way. Rather, the person skilled in the art is given a guideline for the implementation of at least one exemplary embodiment by the preceding description, Various changes, in particular with regard to the function and arrangement of the described components, can be made without departing from the scope of protection resulting from the claims and combinations of features equivalent thereto.

Claims (9)

Vehicle door actuator for pivoting a vehicle door (2) about a pivot point (6) of a hinge, comprising: an electric motor (E) and an at least two-stage transmission (G) driven by the electric motor (E), the arrangement of the electric The engine (E) and the transmission (G) can be attached to and/or in the vehicle door (2), specifically in a space (8) available for this purpose between the vehicle door (2) and a pillar (4) of a vehicle, wherein the gear stage (GS ₁ ) which is directly driven by the electric motor (E) and is arranged within this installation space (8) has at least one external gear wheel (18) which is connected to an external drive gear wheel (16 ) meshes, which drives the external gear (18), wherein the gear (G) also has a gear stage (GS ₄ ) with an output shaft (12) that is axially offset relative to the electric motor drive shaft (AW), the output shaft (12) having the Pivot (6) of the hinge forms, characterized in that the electric motor (E) together with a gear section (GS ₁ , GS ₂ , GS ₃ ) without the gear stage (GS ₄ ) having the axial offset is arranged centered in relation to said installation space (8), the gear (G) having four stages is formed, with a first, second and third gear stage (GS ₁ , GS ₂ , GS ₃ ) between the electric motor (E) and a fourth gear stage (GS ₄ ) are arranged, the fourth gear stage (GS ₄ ) being the one with is the axial offset, which forms the pivot point (6), the first, second and third gear stage (GS ₁ , GS ₂ , GS ₃ ) being arranged centered with respect to the installation space (8). vehicle door actuator claim 1 , wherein the electric motor (E) directly driven gear stage (GS ₁ ) has at least two external gears (18) which mesh with the drive external gear (16). vehicle door actuator claim 1 or 2 , Wherein the directly driven gear stage (GS ₁ ) is designed as an involute external spur gear stage. vehicle door actuator claim 1 or 2 , The directly driven gear stage (GS ₁ ) is designed as an involute planetary gear stage. vehicle door actuator claim 3 or 4 , wherein the directly driven gear stage (GS ₁ ) has an evoloid gearing. Vehicle door actuator according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the gear stage (GS ₄ ) having the axial offset and forming the pivot point (6) is designed as an involute external spur gear stage, in particular an evoloid external spur gear stage. Vehicle door with a vehicle door actuator according to one of the preceding claims. Vehicle with a vehicle door behind claim 7 . Use of a purely rotary vehicle door actuator according to one of Claims 1 until 6 for pivoting a vehicle door (2) about a pivot point (6) of a hinge.

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