DE102020131639A1 - Side milling cutter for processing workpieces with single or multiple curved contours - Google Patents

Abstract

Side milling cutter (1) for machining workpieces with single or multiple curved contours, comprising a base body (2) with two opposite side faces (3) and at least one cutting element (4) arranged on an outer circumference, comprising at least one first and one second cutting edge (5) , which in each case at least partially protrude beyond a first side surface (3) of the base body (2).

Description

The invention relates to a disc milling cutter for machining workpieces with single or multiple curved contours according to the independent claim.

The invention lies in the technical field of tools for metal-cutting manufacturing processes, in particular milling cutters for processing components in hybrid construction, for example made of fiber-reinforced plastics and aluminum, in particular large shell-shaped 2.5D components in hybrid construction with complex contours.

It is known from the prior art to use grinding wheels to produce contours with single or multiple curvatures. A grinding wheel is a rotationally symmetrical body manufactured industrially from granulated, hard grinding material and a suitable binding agent. As a rule, grinding wheels have a hole in the middle for attachment to a holder of a grinding machine. With it, metal, wood, glass and other materials can be processed by fine chip removal (grinding) at peripheral speeds of up to 300 m/s.

In addition to the usual grinding wheels, there are also grinding wheels with specially shaped cutting surfaces that are used, for example, to produce single or multiple curved contours. The problem here is that the cut edges are of inferior quality. This results in a large amount of rejects in the production process, which unnecessarily increases the amount of resources required. There may be a need to be able to produce single or multiple curved contours with a low scrap rate. For this purpose, a continuously high quality of the surface must be guaranteed.

The production of single or multi-curved contours, especially in hybrid construction components, is an important task in new developments, especially in air traffic or in mechanical and plant engineering, where significant requirements are placed on design and construction.

When producing single or multiple curved contours, particular attention is paid to avoiding smearing of ductile metallic materials and thermoplastics and to reliably meeting the high quality requirements in terms of shape and surface.

The object of the invention is to provide a disc milling cutter which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and makes it possible to produce single or multiple curved contours of good quality with low scrap rates.

The object is achieved by a disc milling cutter for machining workpieces with single or multiple curved contours with the features of independent claim 1 . Advantageous embodiments form the subject matter of the respective dependent claims.

The invention includes a side milling cutter for machining workpieces with single or multiple curved contours, comprising a base body with two opposite side faces and arranged on an outer circumference at least one cutting element comprising at least a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge, each of which at least partially forms a first side face of the base body tower over The machining of workpieces with a side milling cutter is usually carried out perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tool, which penetrates into the workpiece to be machined. Since the cutting edge and the second cutting edge protrude at least partially beyond the first side surface of the base body, the side milling cutter can enter the workpiece to be machined at an angle and be tilted or rotated according to the curvature to be cut.

An advantageous aspect provides that the cutting element comprises a third cutting edge. This enables variable use with regard to possible cutting contours and low tool wear.

It is particularly advantageous if the third cutting edge at least partially protrudes beyond the first and the second side surface of the base body. This enables the milling of curved paths, in particular the machining of variable spatial component curvatures (5-axis machining) with disc tools, with high precision.

According to a preferred aspect, the cutting element comprises a second cutting edge, which at least partially protrudes beyond a second side face of the base body. This allows penetration into the workpiece to be machined when moving in the radial direction of the side milling cutter.

According to an advantageous aspect, a receiving section for arranging the cutting element is provided on the outer circumference. The receiving section is designed in such a way that at least one of the two side faces at least partly to surpass. As a result, a side milling cutter can be used for milling curved paths and high-quality edges can be produced with it.

It is particularly advantageous if the first and second side surfaces are arranged at different distances from one another over the cross section of the base body. This ensures that the chips removed during processing can be removed and thus a high quality of the product is achieved.

According to a preferred aspect, a section with a greater distance between the two side surfaces is followed by a transition region with a narrowing distance between the two side surfaces.

It has turned out to be advantageous if the surface normal of the cutting element intersects the surface normal of the base body. The cutting element can preferably be arranged at an angle to the axis of rotation.

At least one of the cutting edges of the cutting element advantageously protrudes at least partially into the transition region.

According to a preferred aspect, the outer circumference comprises a plurality of cutting elements which are arranged at an identical distance from one another. Preferably 2 to 20 cutting elements are arranged.

According to an advantageous aspect, the base body includes a recess between each of the individual cutting elements. This enables the chips lifted off by the cutting element during machining to be safely removed. As a result, curved paths can be followed cleanly in order to produce high-quality cuts.

It is particularly advantageous if the base body includes bores for arranging and fastening to the tool shank. This enables the trimming (5-axis) of large shell-shaped 2.5D components in hybrid construction with complex contours, such as battery trays, body components, insulating elements.

According to a further aspect, the invention comprises a method for cutting an outer cone using a second and third cutting edge of a disc milling cutter according to the invention or for cutting a front edge using a first cutting edge of a disc milling cutter according to the invention. This enables improved processing options for variable spatial component curvatures.

• 1 einen Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Scheibenfräser mit Schneidelementen mit einem ersten Schneidkantenprofil;
• 2 eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Scheibenfräser (von oben) mit Schneidelementen mit einem ersten Schneidkantenprofil und an die Schneidelemente angrenzende Aussparungen;
• 3 eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Scheibenfräser (von oben) mit Aufnahmeabschnitten ohne Schneidelemente; und
• 4 einen Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Scheibenfräser mit Aufnahmeabschnitten ohne Schneidelemente.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show it:

• 1 a longitudinal section through a disc milling cutter according to the invention with cutting elements with a first cutting edge profile;
• 2 a plan view of a disc milling cutter according to the invention (from above) with cutting elements with a first cutting edge profile and the cutting elements adjacent recesses;
• 3 a plan view of a side milling cutter according to the invention (from above) with receiving sections without cutting elements; and
• 4 a longitudinal section through a side milling cutter according to the invention with receiving sections without cutting elements.

In 1 a side milling cutter 1 according to the invention with cutting elements 4 is shown. In the longitudinal section it can be clearly seen that the cutting edges 5 protrude at least partially beyond the side surfaces 3 of the base body 2 . In the example shown, all three cutting edges 5 partially protrude beyond the side surfaces 3 of the base body 2 .

Depending on the cutting application, constructions in which at least one of the cutting edges 51, 52, 53 completely protrude beyond at least one of the side surfaces 3 of the base body 2 are also advantageous.

The tapering transition area 6 is also clearly visible in this representation. Starting from the center of the base body 2, an area extends in the radial direction with a greater distance between the two side surfaces 3 and thus with a greater thickness compared to the transition area 6. In the area with a greater thickness are bores 8, which allow attachment to a tool shank. In addition, the side milling cutter 1 according to the invention can be used in a machine, in particular a milling machine for producing curved circular cuts or a robot application with a hydraulic expansion clamping unit for end milling cutters and for processing variable spatial component curvatures (5-axis processing).

In 2 a plan view of a side milling cutter 1 according to the invention (from above) with cutting elements 4 with a first cutting edge profile and recesses 10 adjoining the cutting elements 4 is shown. In the example shown, the side milling cutter 1 has thirteen cutting elements 4 which are arranged at an angle of approximately 30° to one another. The individual cutting elements 4 are arranged at a uniform distance from one another.

A recess can be seen between individual cutting elements 4 in each case. The individual cutting elements 4 are arranged on a receiving cut 9 provided for this purpose. It is also advantageous to distribute a larger or smaller number of cutting elements 4 over the outer circumference of the base body 2 . Depending on the width and number of the cutting elements 4, different recesses 10 result. Such different side milling cutters 1 can be used for different applications in different materials. In 2 it can be seen that around the surface normal 7 there is a large bore 8 and at a distance there are four other smaller bores 8 which enable attachment to a tool shank. Depending on the tool, these recesses can be designed differently.

In 3 a plan view of a side milling cutter 1 according to the invention (from above) with receiving sections 9 without cutting elements 4 is shown. The base body 2 of the side milling cutter 1 shown can be made of steel, for example, and the cutting element 4 can be made of polycrystalline diamond, or the cutting element 4 can be coated with polycrystalline diamond. Other combinations of materials or another selection of materials are also conceivable for producing a side milling cutter 1 according to the invention. Depending on the application, an appropriate selection of materials is made.

4 shows a longitudinal section through a side milling cutter 1 according to the invention with receiving sections 9 without cutting elements 4. It can be seen from this that the receiving section 9 projects beyond the side surface 3 of the base body 2 at least partially.

Claims (13)

Side milling cutter (1) for machining workpieces with single or multiple curved contours, comprising a base body (2) with two opposite side faces (3) and at least one cutting element (4) arranged on an outer circumference, comprising at least one first cutting edge (51) and a second Cutting edge (52), each of which at least partially protrudes beyond a first side surface (3) of the base body (2). Side milling cutter (1) after claim 1 , wherein the cutting element (4) comprises a third cutting edge (53). Disc milling cutter (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the third cutting edge (53) at least partially protrudes beyond the first and the second side surface (3) of the base body (2). Disc milling cutter (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cutting element (4) comprises a second cutting edge (52) which at least partially protrudes beyond a second side surface (3) of the base body (2). Side milling cutter (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a receiving section (9) for arranging the cutting element (4) is provided on the outer circumference, the receiving section (9) being designed in such a way that at least one of the two side surfaces (3) is at least partially closed tower over Side milling cutter (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the first and the second side surface (3) are arranged at different distances from one another over the cross section of the base body (2). Side milling cutter (1) after claim 6 , A transition region (6) with a tapering distance between the two side surfaces (3) adjoining a section with a greater distance between the two side surfaces (3). Disc milling cutter (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a surface normal (C-C) of the cutting element (4) intersects the surface normal (7) of the base body (2). Side milling cutter (1) after claim 7 , At least one of the cutting edges (51, 52, 53) of the cutting element (4) protruding at least partially into the transition region (6). Disc milling cutter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer periphery comprises a plurality of cutting elements (4) which are arranged at an identical distance from one another. Disc milling cutter (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base body comprises a recess (10) between the individual cutting elements (4). Disc milling cutter (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base body (2) comprises bores (8) for arrangement and attachment to the tool shank. Method of cutting an outer cone using a second and third cutting edge of a disc milling cutter according to the preceding claims or for cutting a leading edge using a first cutting edge of a disc milling cutter according to the preceding claims.

Images