DE102020118566A1 - Device for a vehicle for communication with a mobile device - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (10) for a vehicle (1) for communication with a mobile device, in particular to activate a function of the vehicle (1) as a function of the communication, comprising: - an electrically conductive communication means (61), - a processing arrangement (65 ) for sending and / or receiving a communication signal via the communication means (61) in order to provide the communication by the communication signal, - at least one connection (RX +, RX-) for receiving the communication signal, which the processing arrangement (65) electrically with the Communication means (61) connects, a means (Rd) for resistive damping being electrically connected to the communication means (61) in addition to the at least one connection (RX +, RX-).

Description

The present invention relates to a device for a vehicle for communication with a mobile device. The invention also relates to a door handle and a use of the device.

It is known from the prior art that activation actions by a user can be used in vehicles in order to activate functions of the vehicle. Such an activation act can, for. B. be the approach of a hand to the door handle of the vehicle in order to unlock and / or lock the vehicle. It is also known that such activation actions also trigger authentication with a mobile device such as an identification transmitter. The authentication is usually made possible by wireless communication between the vehicle and the mobile device.

Here, however, there is often a problem that interference can reduce the reliability of communication. The cause of these interfering influences can be electromagnetic immissions (i.e. EMC interference), e.g. B. caused by radio transmitters outside the vehicle.

It is an object of the present invention to at least partially remedy the disadvantages described above. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to further increase the reliability of the communication and / or to further improve the reduction of interference.

The above object is achieved by a device with the features of the independent device claim, a door handle with the features of the further independent device claim and use with the features of the independent use claim. Further features and details of the invention emerge from the respective subclaims, the description and the drawings. Features and details that are described in connection with the device according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the door handle according to the invention and the use according to the invention, and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention, reference is or will always be made to each other can.

The object is achieved in particular by a device for a vehicle for communication with a mobile device, in particular in order to activate a function of the vehicle as a function of the communication.

• - ein, insbesondere elektrisch leitendes, Kommunikationsmittel,
• - eine, insbesondere elektronische, Verarbeitungsanordnung für ein Senden und/oder Empfangen eines, insbesondere elektrischen, Kommunikationssignals über das Kommunikationsmittel, um die Kommunikation durch das Kommunikationssignal bereitzustellen,
• - wenigstens ein Anschluss für das Senden und/oder Empfangen des Kommunikationssignals, welcher die Verarbeitungsanordnung elektrisch mit dem Kommunikationsmittel verbindet.

The device according to the invention can have at least one of the following components:

• - a means of communication, in particular electrically conductive,
• an, in particular electronic, processing arrangement for sending and / or receiving a, in particular electrical, communication signal via the communication means in order to provide the communication through the communication signal,
• - At least one connection for sending and / or receiving the communication signal, which connects the processing arrangement electrically to the communication means.

The processing arrangement can carry out the transmission and / or reception of the communication signal via the communication means. In other words, the processing arrangement can send the communication signal to the communication means and / or receive it from the communication means. The communication signal can e.g. B. output via the at least one connection by the processing arrangement for sending to the communication means and received by the communication means for receiving. The communication signal can also be embodied as an electrical signal such as an electrical voltage or an electrical current with a specific communication frequency. The output of the communication signal can have the effect that an electric and / or magnetic field is created on the communication means. The (received) communication signal can also be influenced by the mobile device for communication and, in particular, modulated in order to transmit information such as authentication data via the communication.

It can also optionally be provided that the processing arrangement for sending and / or receiving the communication signal is electrically connected to the communication means via a filter arrangement. The filter arrangement can, for. B. be provided between the at least one connection and the communication means - in particular integrated in at least one electrical transmission path. The filter arrangement can have at least one high-pass arrangement and at least one low-pass arrangement. The at least one high-pass arrangement and the at least one low-pass arrangement can form at least one band-pass filter in order to reduce frequencies outside a frequency range which is provided for the communication signal To at least reduce communication, ie in particular to dampen it. Thereby, the reliability of the reception can be increased.

The frequency range which is provided for the communication signal and / or for the communication can have at least one communication frequency, and in the following also be referred to as the communication frequency range. As a communication frequency for the near field communication, for. B. 13.56 MHz can be provided.

According to the invention, it is provided in particular that a means for resistive damping, in particular an electrical damping resistor, is electrically connected to the communication means in addition to the at least one connection. This has the advantage that the means can dampen disruptive vibrations in the communication means. The resistive attenuation can denote the attenuation by the means in the form of an attenuator, and thus in particular the attenuation of an amplitude of signals which differ in frequency from at least one communication frequency that is provided for the communication signal. Resistive damping can therefore mean that damping is brought about by the electrical resistance of the agent.

It can furthermore be possible for the communication means to be designed as an antenna for near-field communication, preferably an NFC loop antenna, so that the communication is implemented as near-field communication. This has the advantage that reliable and secure communication is possible in the vicinity of the device. For example, this communication can be used to exchange authentication information between the mobile device and a security system of the vehicle, in particular to determine by checking this authentication information by the vehicle (authentication) that the mobile device is authorized to trigger the function of the vehicle. The near-field communication ensures that communication is only possible within a maximum distance from the vehicle.

The communication means is thus advantageously suitable for providing or carrying out near-field communication such as NFC (near field communication) or RFID (radio-frequency identification). The means of communication is e.g. B. as an antenna, in particular NFC antenna, which can be provided at least partially on some or all of the layers of a circuit board of the device according to the invention. The parts of the communication means on the different layers can be electrically connected to one another by means of vias in order to provide a loop (e.g. NFC loop) overall on several of the layers. The communication means thus enables the device according to the invention to provide a communication function. The communication means can be designed as a conductor track and in particular run on the outer edge of the circuit board or layer.

Another advantage can be achieved within the scope of the invention if the communication means is designed to be essentially geometrically symmetrical, in particular in the form of a loop. The geometrical symmetry already causes a reduction of disturbances on the communication, since in particular partial vibrations on the communication means can be reduced. Of course, slight deviations from an exact symmetry for the symmetrical design are harmless, the deviations z. B. can inevitably result from production-related circumstances and / or due to the arrangement in different layers and / or the arrangement with other components on the circuit board.

It can be provided within the scope of the invention that the means for resistive damping has the electrical connection to the communication means at a connection point of the communication means, the connection point being on an axis of symmetry of the communication means. As already described above, the communication means can be designed symmetrically. An axis of symmetry is thus provided. The symmetry can e.g. B. be designed as an axis symmetry, so that the communication means is mapped geometrically by the vertical axis reflection on its axis of symmetry on itself. In particular, a virtual ground can be located at the connection point on the axis of symmetry. The described connection at the connection point has the advantage that the resistive attenuation and thus the attenuation of interference on the communication can be provided particularly reliably. A slight deviation of the connection from this connection point is of course harmless.

Optionally, it can be provided that the means for providing the resistive damping has an electrical resistance in order, in particular as an attenuator, to attenuate those signals on the communication means whose frequency deviates from at least one communication frequency, wherein the at least one communication frequency can be provided for the communication signal, and in particular 13.56 MHz. At least one Communication frequency can define a communication frequency range. The communication frequency range can also lie in a passband for a bandpass filter of a filter arrangement of the device according to the invention. The weakening of the signals with frequencies outside this communication frequency range can reduce the impact of disruptive immissions on the means of communication. The electrical resistance can be designed as a low resistance, e.g. B. in the range of 50 to 100 ohms. Functionally, the resistive damping by the resistance can have the effect that the disruptive vibrations caused thereby are damped even if the position of the virtual mass on the communication means changes due to the disruptive radiation.

Basically, disturbing irradiation on the means of communication, in particular disturbing immissions, z. B. electromagnetic fields in the sense of (EMC, so electromagnetic compatibility) immissions, stimulate parasitic oscillating circuits of the means of communication. This means that vibrations, that is to say interference signals, can arise in the communication medium, which include harmonic and non-harmonic oscillations of the communication frequency of the communication signal and have a disruptive effect on communication. The harmonic oscillations can be oscillations whose frequencies are an integral multiple of the communication frequency. It is also conceivable that the filter arrangement can already weaken the non-harmonic oscillations, but the harmonics cannot or only insufficiently. The processing arrangement can thus continue to be sensitive to interference for the harmonic oscillations. The use of the means for resistive damping, in particular as a damping resistor, is therefore advantageous in order to further dampen the harmonic oscillations.

It is also conceivable that the means for resistive damping has the electrical connection with the communication means at a connection point of the communication means, the connection point being designed as a central point of the communication means, preferably essentially at a position of half a length and / or a geometric position Center of the means of communication. This has the advantage that a virtual ground point can be provided at this point, at which there is no attenuation by the means for the communication frequency, but for frequencies that deviate therefrom. Instead of a virtual ground, the means at the connection point can provide an actual ground in order to derive in particular interfering signals from the communication means.

It can furthermore be possible that the means for resistive damping has the electrical connection to the communication means at a connection point of the communication means, the connection point being provided essentially at a position of a virtual ground of the communication means. The virtual ground can be defined by tapping at this connection point with a connection to ground ideally (i.e. with an ideal antenna and / or when there is no interference signals and / or no disturbing immissions and / or no signals outside the communication frequency on the communication medium ) no current flows when sending and / or receiving. In the case of non-ideal operation, this means that interference signals can be attenuated by the means. Instead of a virtual ground, the means at the connection point can provide an actual ground in order to derive in particular interfering signals from the communication means.

For example, it can be provided that the means for resistive damping connects the communication means, in particular directly, to an electrical ground in order to provide damping of a parasitic resonant circuit of the communication means. This can increase the reliability of the communication.

It is also conceivable within the scope of the invention that the means for resistive damping is designed in the form of an electrical, in particular ohmic, resistor. It is also possible that the resistor is provided as the only electrical component between the connection point on the communication means and ground in order to enable a technically simple structure.

It is also conceivable that the means for resistive damping is integrated as the only component in a current path between the communication means and an electrical ground, and is thus preferably connected in a series connection with the connection point on the communication means and ground.

It is also conceivable that the means for resistive damping is electrically connected at such a position on the communication means that electrical signals on the communication means that differ in frequency from a frequency range of the communication signal are attenuated via the means and / or diverted to an electrical ground become. These electrical signals can be viewed as interference signals because they differ from the communication signal. Finding the position (that is, the connection point) on the communication means can, for. B. be done by varying the position for the agent, while a measurement of the interfering signals takes place at the same time. The connection point can be selected at the minimum of the measured course of the interference signals. The interference signals can, for. B. generated by an external radio transmitter which z. B. emits radio signals in the desired interference range (e.g. with twice, three or four times the communication frequency).

Furthermore, it can be provided that the processing arrangement is designed to carry out the sending and / or receiving to provide the communication in the manner of a near-field communication, and preferably has an NFC receiver electronics to evaluate the communication signal for the reception, wherein preferably a communication frequency of the received communication signal differs from a frequency of at least one parasitic resonant circuit of the communication means. The means for resistive damping can thus be designed to reduce precisely these frequencies of the parasitic resonant circuits. The parasitic resonant circuits can be caused by the antenna design and therefore cannot be avoided from the outset. The NFC receiver electronics can have at least one integrated circuit and / or a microcontroller and / or a processor. The NFC receiver electronics can also be designed as a single component, which is also provided, for example, in the form of an NFC driver module.

In addition, it is advantageous if the at least one connection has at least two or exactly two connections for receiving the communication signal, wherein the processing arrangement can be designed to carry out the receiving and in particular also the transmission symmetrically, so that the received communication signal is preferably symmetrically sent to the there are at least two or exactly two connections. The connections can be designed as connections of the processing arrangement and thus serve as an input for the communication signal. It is particularly advantageous if the NFC receiver electronics are suitable for symmetrical control of the communication means. The symmetrical control can be understood to mean a symmetrical reception and / or a symmetrical transmission of the communication signal, in particular with a symmetrical signal transmission of the communication signal to the connections of the processing arrangement. Disturbances can thus be further reduced.

Advantageously, it can be provided in the invention that a multi-layer circuit board is provided, the communication means being arranged on the layers of the circuit board, and over all of the layers, in particular (essentially) at a distance from at least one ground and / or sensor - And / or shielding element, extends. In this way, communication with the mobile device can be provided outside the vehicle, and in particular a magnetic coupling (in particular to ground) can be kept constant due to the constant distance. This makes it possible to further reduce disruptions. The ground element can extend as an electrically conductive surface or conductor track on at least or precisely one of the layers, and preferably have an electrical ground (that is, an electrical ground potential). The constant distance from the ground element can denote the distance between the communication means in lateral directions and the outer edge of the ground element.

Furthermore, the communication means can be designed to carry out authentication via the communication, triggered by a detection of an activation action in a detection area of the sensor element, and to activate the function of the vehicle, in particular unlocking and / or locking the vehicle, preferably depending on the authentication . For this purpose, the communication means and the sensor element and / or the shielding element and / or the ground element can be electrically connected to the same processing device of the device according to the invention.

In addition, it can be advantageous within the scope of the invention that the device is designed as a sensor and communication device in order to detect an activation action in at least one detection area in addition to providing communication, with preferably at least one electrically conductive sensor element for capacitive detection in the detection area is provided, wherein the sensor element can be electrically connected to a processing device in order to detect the activation action by the processing device on the basis of the detection. For this purpose, the processing device evaluates z. B. on the basis of charge transfers from a change in a capacitance, which is provided by the sensor element.

It may optionally be possible that an (electronic) processing device is arranged on the circuit board and is electrically connected to the sensor element for charge transfers in order to evaluate a variable electrical capacitance, in particular on the basis of the charge transfers, and thereby to control the capacitive detection. In other words, the capacitive acquisition and / or detection can take place in that the processing device uses the variable Capacity is determined. The variable electrical capacitance is provided in particular by the sensor element and is specific to a change in the detection area. This capacitive detection can thus lead to the detection of the activation action. It is also possible that the processing device is connected to at least one further (second) sensor element of the device according to the invention in order to carry out and evaluate charge transfers for the capacitive detection here as well. The processing device can also control the shielding elements, e.g. B. also by charge transfers.

In order to provide the detection by the device according to the invention in a compact and space-saving design, the device can have a multilayer printed circuit board on which at least one - in particular electrically conductive - sensor element for capacitive detection in the detection area is arranged. The sensor element can be suitable for capacitive detection in that it can provide an electric field (with appropriate electrical control) and / or that it has a variable capacitance in relation to the surroundings of the vehicle and / or in cooperation with an electrical ground or counter electrode of the vehicle which depends on the environment. The electrical control of the sensor element can be done by a processing device (such as a microcontroller, integrated circuit or the like) of the device according to the invention, for. B. by repeated charge transfers. It can also be provided that the detection by the sensor element takes place or is controlled alternately with the communication by the communication means.

By designing the device according to the invention as a sensor and communication device, it is possible for the device and in particular a circuit board of the device to have several electronic components which are used both for detection in at least one detection area and for communication, in particular near-field communication. Thus, a compact and individually manageable module can be provided by the device that comfortably several functions z. B. can provide for a door handle. The communication can specifically relate to radio communication or wireless communication, so that corresponding communication fields (electrical and / or magnetic fields) arise here. Therefore, the different fields for sensor detection and communication can also interfere with each other, so that further measures such as reliable shielding can then be useful.

• - eine Detektion wenigstens einer Aktivierungshandlung, wie einer Annäherung und/oder Berührung und/oder Geste und/oder taktile Betätigung durch einen Benutzer,
• - eine Kommunikation, vorzugsweise Funk-Kommunikation, wie eine Nahfeldkommunikation, insbesondere mit einem mobilen Gerät wie einen ID-Geber und/oder Smartphone und/oder dergleichen, vorzugsweise zur Authentifizierung,
• - eine Aktivierung einer Fahrzeugfunktion, insbesondere einer sicherheitsrelevanten Fahrzeugfunktion wie einer Entriegelung und/oder Verriegelung, oder einer Bewegung eines beweglichen Teils des Fahrzeuges, wie einer Klappe, in Abhängigkeit von der Detektion.

The device according to the invention can be designed to provide at least one of the following functions:

• - a detection of at least one activation action, such as an approach and / or touch and / or gesture and / or tactile actuation by a user,
• - communication, preferably radio communication, such as near-field communication, in particular with a mobile device such as an ID transmitter and / or smartphone and / or the like, preferably for authentication,
• an activation of a vehicle function, in particular a safety-relevant vehicle function such as unlocking and / or locking, or a movement of a movable part of the vehicle, such as a flap, as a function of the detection.

For example, the vehicle function can then be activated, for example by an electrical signal output from the device, when the detection has been carried out positively, that is to say, for example, the approach and / or touch and / or actuation and / or gesture has been detected. The mobile device can be designed separately from the vehicle and, for example, be suitable for being carried by a person (for example in a pocket).

The detection of a (first) activation action can also serve to activate a (first) function of the vehicle as a function of the detection. It can also be provided that at least one second activation action is detected in order to activate at least one (second or further) function of the vehicle, the functions then differing from one another.

• - Eine Verrieglung des Fahrzeuges,
• - Eine Entriegelung des Fahrzeuges,
• - Die Initiierung einer Öffnungs- und/oder Schließbewegung eines beweglichen Teils des Fahrzeuges, insbesondere einer Front- oder Heck- oder Seitenklappe (wie einer Seitentür oder eines Kofferraumdeckels) des Fahrzeuges, wobei die Bewegung vorzugsweise motorisiert durchgeführt wird,
• - Die Aktivierung einer Fahrzeugbeleuchtung,
• - Die Initiierung einer Authentifizierung beim Fahrzeug durch die Kommunikation,
• - Die Initiierung der Kommunikation über das Kommunikationsmittel.

The activatable (first and / or at least second) function of the vehicle is z. B. at least one of the following:

• - A locking of the vehicle,
• - Unlocking the vehicle,
• - The initiation of an opening and / or closing movement of a movable part of the vehicle, in particular a front, rear or side flap (such as a side door or a trunk lid) of the vehicle, the movement preferably being carried out in a motorized manner,
• - The activation of vehicle lights,
• - The initiation of an authentication with the vehicle through the communication,
• - The initiation of communication via the means of communication.

The first and at least second functions can also be different of the functions mentioned. So it is z. B. possible that the detection of the first activation action triggers the activation of a different function of the vehicle than the detection of the second activation action. For example, the detection of an approach to a first outer side of the door handle can trigger the locking and the detection of an approach to a second outer side of the door handle can trigger the unlocking. The second outside can face a door handle recess and the first outside can face away from the door handle recess (or vice versa). This enables comfortable and simple operation of the functions for a user of the vehicle.

It is also possible that before the activation of the function of the vehicle, the communication via the communication means is initially triggered by the detection of the activation action. The function can then be activated depending on the communication, e.g. For example, it may be dependent on an authentication via the communication being successful.

The at least one sensor element can also comprise at least two sensor elements, which are then each designed for capacitive detection in their own detection area. In addition to a first sensor element, a second sensor element or further sensor elements can thus also be provided. The respective sensor element can, for example, be designed as a sensor electrode. The sensor elements for capacitive detection can be designed in different detection areas, with the detection areas also being able to be of different sizes. The first sensor element can detect z. B. carry out the detection in a second detection area on the second outside of the door handle in a first detection area on the first outside and the second sensor element. Correspondingly, the different sensor elements can also be designed to detect different activation actions in order to activate different ones of the functions.

Furthermore, it is conceivable within the scope of the invention that at least two shielding elements are provided for shielding for a capacitive detection of at least one sensor element, wherein the shielding elements can be arranged on different layers of a circuit board of the device according to the invention, with one of the shielding elements preferably being the sensor element on a first layer , in particular predominantly or completely, surrounds in order to provide the shielding in different directions. In order to improve the detection, at least two shielding elements can thus be provided for shielding the detection.

The multi-layer design of the printed circuit board has the further advantage that the shielding elements can be arranged on several layers and thus enable a three-dimensional arrangement of the shielding elements. The shield can thus be adapted particularly flexibly to the detection area and the structure of the sensor element. The specific three-dimensional design of the shielding elements on the circuit board also enables the shielding to be set in such a way that the different directions in which the shielding is to take place are determined. The shielding can thus also be produced three-dimensionally by the shielding elements, and according to a particular advantage, it can be pot-shaped. In this way, the shielding can bring about a limitation of the capacitive detection to the detection area in a particularly reliable manner.

Furthermore, the shielding elements can optionally be arranged on the printed circuit board in such a way that a geometrical adaptation and, in particular, adaptation of the shielding to the detection area of the sensor element takes place. For example, the geometric shape of the shield is at least partially matched to the geometric shape of the detection area and / or at least partially corresponds to it.

The shielding can be provided by the shielding elements for the first sensor element, but optionally also additionally for at least one further sensor element of the device according to the invention. If the detection areas of the sensor elements differ, the associated shields for the different sensor elements also differ accordingly. Separate shielding elements can be provided on the circuit board for each of these different shields. It can also be provided that at least one of the shielding elements is used to generate the shielding for more than one of the sensor elements.

The shielding element on the first layer is also referred to below as a first shielding element for easier assignment, it also being possible to provide a second shielding element on the second layer and / or a third shielding element on the third layer and / or a fourth shielding element on the fourth layer .

The shielding elements can be electrically connected to one another across layers and thus form a single shielding device. The respective shielding element is in particular in the form of an electrically conductive surface and / or Conductor track, and the electrical connection of the shielding elements is provided in particular as a through-hole plating.

It can be provided that the sensor element and / or the shielding element and / or the (electrical) ground on the circuit board is formed by conductor tracks and / or surfaces. These elements can e.g. B. have a thickness in the range from 0.1 mm to 0.9 mm.

A multilayer printed circuit board (so-called “multilayer printed circuit board”) can also have the benefit that the packing density is increased and / or the generation of electrical and / or magnetic fields can be improved. In particular if more than one detection area is provided, possibly for different sides of the device, and / or in addition, near-field communication is provided by the device, the use of several layers enables the alignment of the fields for the sensor system and / or shielding and / or for communication can be simplified. The individual layers of the circuit board can also be referred to as layers. The multi-layer circuit board can have at least or exactly 4 layers which are firmly connected to one another.

A further advantage can be provided that an (electronic) processing device is electrically connected to the shielding elements in order to operate the (or at least one of the) shielding elements to provide an active shield ("Active Shield"), in which an electrical potential of the ( or the) shielding element (s) is set as a function of an electrical potential of the sensor element. In other words, the electrical potential of the shielding elements follows the potential of the sensor element. The processing device can thus be designed to actively set the electrical potential of the shielding elements. The electrical potential of the shielding elements can, for. B. be set according to the electrical potential of the sensor element.

In addition, it can be provided that the communication means is arranged at a substantially constant distance (in lateral directions) from an electrical ground on the circuit board. The mass is z. B. provided as a conductor track and / or a conductor surface. In this case, at least one outer edge of the mass can have a course parallel to the communication means (seen in a plan view in the axial direction). The mass can run on one layer, whereas the communication means can also run over several layers of the circuit board. Even if part of the communication means and the ground are in different positions, the distance from one another can still be maintained. The distance relates to the distance in the lateral directions, that is, only in one plane, which are defined by these directions. The distance (in the axial direction) due to the arrangement of the mass and the partial communication means on different positions can be disregarded here. The layers of the circuit board are z. B. arranged or glued one above the other in the axial direction.

It can preferably be provided within the scope of the invention that the processing arrangement for receiving the communication signal is electrically connected to the communication means via a filter arrangement. The filter arrangement can thus be interconnected between the communication means and the processing arrangement in order to filter the received communication signal (before an evaluation by the processing arrangement). The filter arrangement can preferably have a high-pass arrangement and a low-pass arrangement in order to form a band-pass filter in order to at least reduce frequencies outside a frequency range of the communication signal for the communication. The filter arrangement can be integrated into an electrical transmission path for transmitting the communication signal from the communication means to the processing arrangement. In the case of a symmetrical transmission and / or reception of the communication signal, two transmission paths can accordingly also be provided, one for each of the connections of the processing arrangement. The filter arrangement can bring about an additional reduction in disruptive oscillations before they can impair the evaluation of the communication signal by the processing arrangement during reception.

It can advantageously be provided within the scope of the invention that the filter arrangement has a Wien filter as the bandpass filter. This has the advantage that the Wien filter can have a steeper bandpass curve than other conventionally used filters, and thus effects an improved filtering out of the interference.

An embodiment of a Wien filter is generally known, for example also from the construction of a Wien-Robinson bridge or a Wien-bridge sine oscillator. The Vienna filter is disclosed as a Vienna band pass (or Vienna Robinson band pass), for example, in the literature “Taschenbuch der Elektrotechnik”, Kories, Verlag Harri Deutsch, 3rd edition, 1998. This can be a cascade of a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter, which can have the same cut-off frequency.

Furthermore, it is optionally possible within the scope of the invention that the bandpass filter as a first bandpass filter is provided, and a second bandpass filter is designed symmetrically to the first bandpass filter, wherein the bandpass filters can be electrically connected to different of the connections in order to filter the, in particular symmetrically, received communication signal symmetrically at the connections. In other words, a bandpass filter can be provided for each of the transmission paths, and for this purpose it can be integrated in the respective transmission path. The bandpass filters can be of the same design, e.g. B. each as a Vienna filter.

It is also conceivable that the device according to the invention be suitable for being mounted on a vehicle part of the vehicle, preferably in order to create the detection area and / or to carry out the communication in the area of this vehicle part. The vehicle part is z. B. an inventive door handle in which the device is received, or a door or flap or a bumper or a door sill of the vehicle.

The device according to the invention can also be designed as an individually manageable module which can be mounted as a single component on the vehicle and / or vehicle part. For this purpose, the device can have positioning means, such as recesses or geometric adaptations, which enable it to be clearly attached to the vehicle. The positioning means can simultaneously or alternatively be designed as fastening means such as latching elements or clips or adhesives. The device can be mounted on a part of the vehicle such as a door and / or a door handle and / or a tailgate and / or a front flap. For assembly, for example, the fastening can take place via the fastening means and the positioning can be carried out by means of the positioning means.

The device according to the invention can advantageously be integrated into a door handle of the vehicle, preferably an outer door handle of the vehicle. The device can thus be designed to carry out the communication and / or the detection in the area of the door handle. The device can be mounted for integration in the door handle in order to be mounted in this way on the vehicle via the door handle, in particular on a door of the vehicle.

It is also advantageous if the vehicle is designed as a motor vehicle, preferably a passenger vehicle, in particular a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, preferably with a high-voltage electrical system and / or an electric motor and / or an internal combustion engine. It can also be possible for the vehicle to be designed as a fuel cell vehicle and / or a semi-autonomous or autonomous vehicle.

Advantageously, the vehicle has a security system which, for. B. through communication with a mobile device such as an identification transmitter (ID transmitter, electronic key) or smartphone enables authentication. Depending on the communication and / or the authentication, at least one function of the vehicle can be activated. If the authentication of the mobile device is necessary for this, the function can be a security-relevant function, such as unlocking the vehicle or enabling an engine start. The security system can thus also be designed as a passive access system which, without active manual actuation of the mobile device, initiates the authentication and / or the activation of the function when the approach of the mobile device to the vehicle is detected. For this purpose, for example, a wake-up signal is repeatedly sent out by the security system, which can be received by the mobile device when it approaches and then triggers the authentication. The approach can also be recognized by the fact that the activation action is detected by a device according to the invention. The function can also activate vehicle lighting and / or actuate (open and / or close) a flap ( z . B. front or rear or side flap or door) concern. For example, the vehicle lighting is automatically activated when the approach is detected and / or the flap is actuated when a gesture by a user is detected.

It can be possible for a first sensor element for capacitive detection to be provided in a first detection area on a circuit board of the device according to the invention. It can further be provided that a second sensor element for capacitive detection is arranged in a second detection area on the circuit board, the second detection area differing from the first detection area. The respective sensor element can be designed as a capacitive sensor, so that the detection is based on the fact that a capacitance made available by the sensor element changes. The individual sensor element can be understood as an electrode which forms the variable capacitance in relation to the surroundings of the vehicle. A discrete counter-electrode does not necessarily have to be provided for this purpose. It can e.g. B. also an electrical ground potential of the vehicle can be viewed as a counter electrode to form an imaginary capacitor with the variable capacitance. A first activation action then takes place in the first detection area a change in capacitance of the capacitance which is provided by the first sensor element. A second activation action in the second detection area causes a corresponding change in the capacitance of the capacitance which is provided by the second sensor element.

The second sensor element can be designed to be at least partially congruent with the first sensor element. In addition, the second sensor element and the first sensor element (offset from one another) can be arranged on different layers of the circuit board. In addition to this arrangement (offset in the axial direction) on different layers, the sensor elements can be positioned offset with respect to one another (in the lateral direction) on (within) the respective layer. The offset positioning thus denotes a different positioning of the sensor elements within the plane of the respective position, so that the sensor elements do not overlap. The sensor elements are thus designed to be congruent per se, but are not congruent on top of one another. In this way, an influence of the first activation action on the detection of the second sensor element (and / or vice versa) can be at least reduced.

Optionally, the processing device can be arranged in an area, in particular on the first layer, of the printed circuit board which extends opposite an electrical ground plane, in particular on the second layer. It is thus provided that the processing device is shielded from at least one detection area by the ground plane in order to further improve the detection and / or to eliminate interference from the processing device.

It is also optionally conceivable that the communication means is arranged on the layers of the printed circuit board, and preferably extends over at least 2 or at least 4 or all of the layers and / or (laterally) spaced from the sensor and / or shielding element, in order to enable communication as provide near field communication with a mobile device. The near field communication can be provided with the mobile device outside the vehicle. In this case, the vehicle part can be designed as an exterior door handle. For example, the mobile device is designed as a smartphone, which then only has to be held against the device or the outer door handle for authentication in order to enable near-field communication. Alternatively, the door handle can also be designed as an inside door handle so that the near field communication is carried out in the interior of the vehicle.

It can be provided that the communication means is used, in particular triggered by the (successful) detection of the activation action, to carry out the authentication via the near-field communication. For example, a processing device and / or a control unit of the vehicle recognizes that the detection was successful and triggers the authentication via the communication means. In this way, depending on the authentication, the function of the vehicle, in particular unlocking and / or locking the vehicle, can be activated. For example, a user carries the mobile device with him when he carries out the activation action. Through the activation action, the user makes it clear that he wants to activate the function of the vehicle. However, the function can be a security-relevant function that requires the user to be authenticated via the mobile device. For this reason, the detection of the activation action by the device according to the invention can trigger the authentication process, which is then also provided by the device by means of communication, in particular near-field communication. The processing device and / or the control unit of the vehicle can then also recognize the successful authentication and only then activate the function of the vehicle. For communication, the processing device and / or the control unit of the vehicle can control a processing arrangement of the device such as an NFC circuit.

Provision can be made for a processing arrangement and / or a processing device to be provided in the device according to the invention, which individually or together for evaluating the acquisition and / or for detecting the activation action and / or for receiving and / or sending during communication - in particular Near field communication - serve. The processing arrangement and the processing device can be designed as separate microcontrollers or integrated circuits (IC). For example, the processing device can be used dedicatedly for detection and the processing arrangement can be used for near-field communication. It is also possible for the processing arrangement and the processing device to be designed together as an IC.

It is also a possibility that the processing arrangement is part of the processing device, e.g. B. a microcontroller or IC. The processing arrangement and / or the processing device can have an interface to further vehicle electronics, in particular a control device. For example, the processing device can output a signal to the vehicle electronics, which indicates that the detection has taken place successfully. The receipt of this signal can in turn trigger the authentication, which the vehicle electronics then initiate via a further interface with the processing arrangement.

The invention also relates to a door handle for a vehicle which has a device according to the invention as the vehicle part. The door handle according to the invention thus brings the same advantages as have been described in detail with reference to a device according to the invention.

A use of a device according to the invention, in particular for a vehicle for communication with a mobile device, is also protected. It may be possible here for the mobile device to be provided outside the vehicle in order to activate a function of the vehicle via the communication. The use according to the invention thus brings the same advantages as have been described in detail with reference to a device according to the invention.

• 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Fahrzeuges mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
• 2 eine schematische seitliche Schnittansicht eines Türgriffs mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung des Fahrzeuges in 1, welche perspektivisch einer Draufsicht auf das Fahrzeug entspricht,
• 3 eine vergrößerte Seitendarstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in 2,
• 4-7 schematische Schnittansichten verschiedener Lagen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in 2 und 3,
• 8 ein schematisches Schaltbild von Teilen einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description can each be essential to the invention individually or in any combination. Show it:

• 1 a schematic side view of a vehicle with a device according to the invention,
• 2 a schematic side sectional view of a door handle with a device according to the invention of the vehicle in 1 which, in perspective, corresponds to a top view of the vehicle,
• 3rd an enlarged side view of the device according to the invention in 2 ,
• 4-7 schematic sectional views of various positions of the device according to the invention in FIG 2 and 3rd ,
• 8th a schematic circuit diagram of parts of a device according to the invention.

In the following figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same technical features from different exemplary embodiments.

In 1 is a vehicle 1 with a door handle according to the invention 5 shown. The door handle 5 can be a vehicle part 5 form which a device according to the invention 10 having.

The door handle 5 is on a door 2 of the vehicle 1 attached to the door 2 opened by a manual opening process. To do this, a user can enter an in 2 shown door handle recess 7th intervene, and on the door handle 5 pull. The door must be locked for the opening process 2 is unlocked. This can be done by reaching into the door handle recess 7th can be detected as an activation act to authenticate and - if authentication is successful - unlocking as a function of the vehicle 1 to activate. A lock can be used as a further function of the vehicle 1 activated when approaching a detection area 51 is detected as an activation act. Of course, these are only examples of functions and activation actions. With a flush door handle 5 can function of the vehicle 1 z . B. the opening process itself, which is carried out automatically. It is also conceivable that a device according to the invention 10 is arranged in the rear or front area, so that the function of the opening process of a flap 6th of the vehicle 1 is.

In 1 is the side view of the vehicle 1 shown, the mutually orthogonal directions x and y are specified. In 2 is a perspective top view of the vehicle 1 according to the indicated mutually orthogonal directions x and z used. The representation in 2 (and also in 3rd ) corresponds in perspective to a side view of the door handle 5 or on the device according to the invention 10 and the locations 21 , 22nd , 23 , 24 . In the 4th to 7th however, are sectional views of the device 10 shown in perspective from a top view of the device 10 result, and thus again the side view of the vehicle 1 in 1 correspond. The geometrical relationships discussed in the context of this invention ( z . B. the congruent training and the positioning of the shielding and sensor elements 40 , 31 as well as the ground plane 45 different locations 21 , 22nd , 23, 24) can in relation to this imaginary top view of the device according to the invention 10 be described. This top view can be defined as a view in the axial direction z which are orthogonal to the longest extension of the layers 21 , 22nd , 23, 24 and to the lateral directions x and y is.

As in 2 is shown, has the door handle 5 the device according to the invention 10 which for the detection of an activation action in a detection area 51 , and especially about the door handle 5 for mounting on the door 5 , serves. Through the device 10 can be a function of the vehicle 1 to be activated depending on the detection.

The device 10 can an in 3rd multilayer printed circuit board shown in more detail 20th have, on the at least one electrically conductive sensor element 31 for capacitive detection in the detection area 51 at a first location 21 the Circuit board 20th is arranged. The detection area 51 can be used as a first detection area 51 be executed, which is outside of the vehicle 1 in the area of a first outside of the door handle 5 extends. A second detection area can also be used 52 in the area of the door handle recess 7th or a second outside of the door handle 5 extend. The second outside can be the door handle recess 7th facing and the first outside of the door handle recess 7th be turned away (see 2 ). It can thus be possible that the sensor element 31 - as a first sensor element 31 - for capacitive detection in the detection area 51 - as a first detection area 51 - on the circuit board 20th is provided. A second sensor element can also be used 32 the device 10 on a fourth layer 24 be provided, which in the second detection area 52 also performs a capacitive detection. This enables the detection of different activation actions. The respective sensor element 31 , 32 can be designed as a capacitive sensor, so that the detection is based on the fact that a through the respective sensor element 31 , 32 provided capacity changed. The single sensor element 31 , 32 can be understood as an electrode that is opposite to the surroundings of the vehicle 1 the variable capacity trains. An electrical ground potential of the vehicle can be used for this purpose 1 can be viewed as a counter electrode in order to form an imaginary capacitor with the variable capacitance. A first activation act in the first detection area 51 then causes a change in capacitance of the capacitance, which is caused by the first sensor element 31 provided. A second activation action in the second detection area 52 accordingly causes a change in capacitance of the capacitance, which is caused by the second sensor element 32 provided.

In order to improve the detection, - as in 3rd is shown - at least two shielding elements 40 for shielding 41 serve for the acquisition. The shielding elements 40 are in different positions 21 , 22nd , 23 , 24 the circuit board 20th arranged, one of the shielding elements 40 at a first location 21 the (first) sensor element 31 surrounds to the shield 41 in different directions x , y , z provide. Is shown in 3rd a "pot shape" of the shield 41 by the arrangement of the shielding elements shown 40 can be generated. The shielding elements 40 can do so at the locations 21 , 22nd , 23 , 24 be arranged distributed that the shield 41 the detection area 51 in the three mutually orthogonal directions x , y , z limited, and in a (in 4th shown) level xy the detection area 51 predominantly or completely surrounds.

As in 4th is shown, the shielding element 40 at the first position 21 the sensor element 31 predominantly, and possibly even completely (not shown), surrounded. In 4th is specifically shown that the sensor element 31 only predominantly, so partially, by the shielding element 40 is surrounded. To this end, the shielding element 40 a break 42 to prevent the occurrence of short-circuit currents, in particular due to an interaction with the means of communication 61 when operating for communication, especially NFC communication. The interruption 42 can be designed to be electrically isolated, in particular to avoid such disturbances in communication. This ensures that a through the sensor element 31 generated electric field reliably in the detection area 51 is judged. To capture in the detection area 51 can be further improved according to 5 one of the shielding elements 40 at a second location 22nd congruent to the sensor element 31 at the first position 21 be trained. The shielding element 40 at the second layer 22nd can accordingly at least partially congruent and in the same position to the sensor element 31 be arranged at the first layer. Of course, the same position only refers to the directions x and y . With an imaginary plan view of the location 22nd in 5 and the layer below 21 could thus with a partially transparent layer 21 , 22nd the sensor element 31 behind the shielding element 40 at the second layer 22nd no longer be visible, at least for the part for which the shielding element 40 is provided congruently.

According to 5 can also be an electrical ground 45 flat on the second layer 22nd adjacent to the shielding element 40 at the second layer 22nd extend, in particular parallel to an area 28 for arranging electronic components on the first layer 21 and / or to one of the shielding elements 40 at a third location 23 . This ground plane 45 can be a recess for the sensor element 31 on the first or for the corresponding shielding element 40 at the second layer 22nd exhibit. In addition, the crowd can 45 for interference suppression of the electronic components in the area 28 the first layer 21 serve. Furthermore, the area of mass 45 around the recess congruent and / or in the same position as the shielding element 40 at the first position 21 be trained.

In 6th it is shown that one of the shielding elements 40 at a third location 23 flat and on one side to the sensor element 31 at the first position 21 extends to the shield 41 to be provided unilaterally. In addition, this shielding element shown extends 40 even further towards x to here at the same time the shielding 41 for the second sensor element 32 in 7th provide. The shielding element 40 and the second sensor element 32 thus have a longer extension than the first sensor element 31 .

In 7th is the sensor element 31 the first layer 21 shown in dashed lines to indicate the position of the sensor element 31 below the fourth layer 24 to clarify. To an influence of the first activation action on the detection of the second sensor element 32 to at least reduce, it can be provided that the sensor elements 31 , 32 as in 7th although shown at least partially congruent with one another, but are positioned offset to one another. In other words, it is next to the staggered arrangement on the different layers 21 , 24 the circuit board 20th (in the axial direction z ) an offset positioning of the sensor elements 31 , 32 to each other within the respective position 21 , 24 (in the direction x ) intended. This is the second sensor element 32 although at least partially congruent with the first sensor element 31 formed, but not arranged congruently (or in the same position). In an imaginary top view of the sensor elements 31 , 32 in the axial direction z would be the first sensor element 31 the second sensor element 32 cover at least for a partial section if the positioning is not offset. However, this overlap is canceled (at least partially) in the staggered positioning provided. This offset positioning can also be understood to mean that the congruent areas 35 the sensor elements 31 , 32 in the lateral direction x are positioned offset to each other. As in 7th represented by the dashed line is the first sensor element 31 offset by the offset B. to the second sensor element 32 arranged and therefore not covered. Specifically, the sensor elements point in the illustration 31 , 32 each have an identical line structure, the lines not overlapping due to the offset positioning. The lines are thereby as partial structures 36 the sensor elements 31 , 32 at a distance A. arranged from each other. The offset B. is about or exactly half the distance A. .

It is provided in the examples shown that the shielding elements 40 at the different locations 21 , 22nd , 23 , 24 via vias 25th are connected to each other, and are thus provided with the same potential. Alternatively, the shielding elements 40 at the different locations 21 , 22nd , 23 , 24 also be designed to be electrically separated from one another in order to have different electrical potentials. Also is a mixture of separate and connected shielding elements 40 conceivable. The connection via vias 25th however, has the advantage that there is only one electrical connection between the shielding elements 40 with a processing device 29 is necessary to the shielding elements 40 to provide active shielding 41 to operate at which an electrical potential of the shielding elements 40 as a function of an electrical potential of the sensor element 31 and or 32 is set. The processing device 29 and / or a processing arrangement 65 for near-field communication can be in one area 28 , especially on the first layer 21 according to 4th , be arranged. This area can be opposite to a ground plane 45 , especially on the second layer 22nd , extend.

Next is in the 4th to 7th shown to be a means of communication 61 on the layers 21 , 22nd , 23 , 24 the circuit board 20th can be arranged, and preferably over all of the layers 21 , 22nd , 23 , 24 at a distance from the sensor and shielding element 31 , 40 extends. The means of communication 61 is here not with his specific training on the respective locations 21 , 22nd , 23 , 24 shown, but only schematically via a dashed line. The means of communication 61 be formed along this line, but in different locations 21 , 22nd , 23 , 24 . In other words, the means of communication can 61 on one of the layers 21 , 22nd , 23 , 24 be interrupted and via a via 25th in this lateral position but in a different position 21 , 22nd , 23 , 24 to be continued as a conductor path again. The means of communication 61 can be designed as a near-field antenna to enable near-field communication with a mobile device outside the vehicle 1 provide. This near-field communication, triggered by the detection of the activation action, can be used to carry out an authentication.

In 8th is an exemplary training for a communication tool 61 , in particular an NFC antenna, shown for near field communication. The device 10 is therefore not only present as a sensor device 10 but also as a communication device 10 formed in which the communication means 61 through a processing arrangement 65 can be operated as a communication interface.

The means of communication 61 is designed in the form of a loop or frame antenna (so-called loop) and can be used to send and / or receive signals for near-field communication with a mobile device. The coupling between the communication device 10 and the mobile device can operate at an operating frequency of the communication medium 61 of 13.56 MHz. The means of communication can accordingly 61 be designed to generate a magnetic field for communication with the mobile device and in this way to establish an inductive coupling with the mobile device. Hence the NFC antenna 61 can also be understood as an NFC coil. The means of communication 61 can advantageously be used as a conductor loop on the circuit board 20th be trained. In the 8th However, the shape shown does not extend continuously in this way on a single layer of the circuit board 20th . Rather, this shape is used in some places by vias 25th interrupted and, starting from this interruption, continued at another position. One would be the course of the means of communication 61 in all locations 21 , 22nd , 23 , 24 bring the in 8th as shown.

It becomes clear in 8th that the shown form of the means of communication 61 is geometrically symmetrical (with respect to the point V. through which the corresponding axis of symmetry S. can run). This geometric symmetry leads to a reduction in interference. At the same time can be the means of communication 61 operated according to an electrical balancing, in which the control and / or signal routing through the processing arrangement 65 over the two branches at RX + and RX - can be carried out symmetrically or differentially (in contrast to an operation in which one of the connections of the communication medium 61 connected to ground). It is therefore advantageous to have both connections RX + and RX - In each case an electrical signal, in particular a voltage not equal to 0 volts, measurable, which includes information from the near-field communication. The voltage at the terminals RX + and RX - can be symmetrical and therefore the same amount. The processing arrangement 65 is designed, for example, as an NFC receiver or transceiver.

In the symmetrical design shown, a virtual ground can be exactly or substantially at the central point V. of the means of communication 61 be localized. This central point V. can, as in 8th is shown at the location of half the length or the center of the communication means 61 lie. Depending on the antenna design, it may be possible that there is a tap at this point V. with a connection to ground no current flows with an ideal antenna. This point V. is therefore referred to as virtual ground in the following.

Already through the geometrical and electrical symmetrization, disturbing influences in the form of disturbing immissions (electromagnetic radiation) can be reduced. Nevertheless, there are disturbing effects which cause parasitic oscillating circuits of the communication medium 61 be stimulated. Here, harmonic and non-harmonic oscillations can arise, with the non-harmonic oscillations possibly being caused by the processing arrangement 65 and / or by a filter arrangement 70 be reduced. Nevertheless, the harmonic oscillations are still disruptive and can prevent reception during near-field communication by the communication medium 61 affect.

In order to further reduce interference when receiving near-field communication due to disruptive immissions, in particular EMC radiation, the (ideal) virtual ground V. resistive damping can be provided. This means that an ohmic resistor or an impedance can be used as a damping resistor at this position Rd which is the means of communication 61 connects to an electrical ground potential. This damping resistance Rd can be designed as a low resistance, for example in the range from 50 to 100 ohms. The resistive damping can functionally through the damping resistance Rd cause that even with a change in the position of the virtual mass on the communication means 61 when the disturbances occur, the disturbing vibrations caused by the resistance Rd be dampened.

In addition, it can be provided for further stabilization of the system that the communication means 61 at least predominantly parallel to the outer edge and / or at a constant distance from the electrical ground 45 , especially ground plane 45 , on the circuit board 20th is arranged. The crowd 45 is in 5 in the form of a conductor surface with ground potential. In 5 is also the constant distance between the ground plane 45 and the means of communication 61 recognizable. In this way it can be ensured that a magnetic coupling of the communication means 61 to the crowd 45 is the same at every point.

It can also be used for the filter assembly 70 a bandpass filter, preferably of the 2nd order, in particular a so-called Wien filter, can be used, which effects an improved filtering out of the interferences due to a particularly steep bandpass curve. The Wien filter is a specially switched RC bandpass, and also known as the frequency determining circuit in a Wien-Robinson generator.

In 8th is shown that the filter assembly 70 from at least one high-pass arrangement 71 (especially an RC filter 1 . Order) and at least one low-pass arrangement 72 (especially also as an RC filter 1 . Order). The high-pass and low-pass arrangement 71 , 72 can be paired with the bandpass filter, especially an RC filter 2 . Order, put together. This bandpass filter, in particular the Wien filter, can be symmetrical in the filter arrangement 70 be provided.

Specifically, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 can be connected in series. A further resistor R3 is optionally provided, which forms an additional voltage divider with R1. Furthermore, a resistor R2 and a capacitor C2 can be connected in parallel.

Furthermore, in 8th recognizable that the filter arrangement described 70 the bandpass filter balanced for the connections RX + and RX - having. A possible value for the respective resistor R1 is in the range from 1 to 10 kOhm, for the respective resistor R3 between 1 and 5 kOhm, for the respective capacitor C1 between 1 and 20 pF, for the respective resistor R2 between 100 and 500 ohms and for the respective capacitor C2 between 10 and 40 pF. This means that at least one bandpass filter can pass through the filter arrangement 70 can be provided, which significantly attenuates signals from the means of communication 61 in the range of e.g. B. causes 100 to 160 MHz.

The above explanation of the embodiments describes the present invention exclusively in the context of examples. Of course, individual features of the embodiments can be freely combined with one another, provided that they are technically sensible, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

List of reference symbols

1

vehicle

2

door

5

Door handle, vehicle part

6th

Tailgate

7th

Door handle recess

10

Device, sensor and / or communication device

20th

Circuit board

21

first position

22nd

second layer

23

third layer

24

fourth layer

25th

Through-hole plating

28

Electronic components area

29

Processing device

31

Sensor element, first sensor element

32

second sensor element

35

congruent areas

36

Partial structure, line structure

40

Shielding element

41

shielding

42

Interruption

45

Dimensions

51

Detection area, first detection area

52

second detection area

61

Communication means, antenna, NFC loop

65

Processing arrangement

70

Filter arrangement

71

High pass arrangement

72

Low-pass arrangement

x

first direction, lateral direction

y

second direction, lateral direction

z

third direction, axial direction

21, 22, 23, 24

Locations

A.

Distance, minimum distance

B.

Offset

C.

capacitor

R.

resistance

Rd

Damping resistance

RX

connection

V

Virtual mass

S.

Axis of symmetry

Claims (20)

Device (10) for a vehicle (1) for communication with a mobile device, in particular to activate a function of the vehicle (1) as a function of the communication, comprising: - an electrically conductive communication means (61), - a processing arrangement (65 ) for sending and / or receiving a communication signal via the communication means (61) in order to provide the communication through the communication signal, at least one connection (RX +, RX-) for receiving the communication signal, which electrically connects the processing arrangement (65) to the communication means (61), a means (Rd) for resistive attenuation in addition to the at least one connection (RX +, RX-) is electrically connected to the communication means (61). Device (10) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the communication means (61) is designed as an antenna for near-field communication, preferably an NFC loop antenna, so that the communication is implemented as near-field communication. Device (10) according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the communication means (61) is designed to be essentially geometrically symmetrical, in particular in the form of a loop. Device (10) according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the means (Rd) for resistive damping has the electrical connection to the communication means (61) at a connection point (V) of the communication means (61), the connection point (V) on an axis of symmetry (S) of the communication means ( 61) lies. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (Rd) for providing the resistive damping has an electrical resistor in order to act as an attenuator attenuating those signals on the communication means (61) whose frequency deviates from at least one communication frequency, wherein the communication frequency is provided for the communication signal, and in particular comprises 13.56 MHz. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (Rd) for resistive damping has the electrical connection to the communication means (61) at a connection point (V) of the communication means (61), the connection point (V) is designed as a central point (V) of the communication means (61), preferably essentially at a position of half a length and / or a geometric center of the communication means (61). Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (Rd) for resistive damping has the electrical connection to the communication means (61) at a connection point (V) of the communication means (61), the connection point (V) is provided substantially at a position of a virtual ground (V) of the communication means (61). Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (Rd) for resistive damping connects the communication means (61), in particular directly, to an electrical ground (45) in order to dampen a parasitic oscillating circuit of the communication means (61 ) to provide. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (Rd) for resistive damping is designed in the form of an electrical resistor (Rd). Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (Rd) for resistive damping is electrically connected at such a position (V) on the communication means (61) that electrical signals on the communication means (61) which, with regard to their Frequency deviate from a frequency range of the communication signal, attenuated via the means (Rd) and / or derived to an electrical ground (45). Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the processing arrangement (65) is designed to carry out the sending and / or receiving to provide the communication in the manner of a near-field communication, and preferably has NFC receiver electronics in order to evaluate the communication signal for reception, a communication frequency of the received communication signal preferably deviating from a frequency of at least one parasitic resonant circuit of the communication means (61). Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one connection (RX +, RX-) has at least two or exactly two connections (RX +, RX-) for receiving the communication signal, the processing arrangement (65) for this purpose is designed to carry out the receiving and in particular also the sending symmetrically, so that the received communication signal is preferably present symmetrically at the at least two or exactly two connections (RX +, RX-). Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a multi-layer circuit board (20) is provided, the communication means (61) being arranged on the layers (21, 22, 23, 24) of the circuit board (20), and extends over all of the layers (21, 22, 23, 24) at a distance from at least one ground and / or sensor and / or shielding element (31, 40) in order to enable communication with the mobile device outside the vehicle (1 ) and to be triggered by the detection of a Activation action in a detection area (51) of the sensor element (31) to carry out an authentication via the communication, and to activate the function of the vehicle (1), in particular unlocking and / or locking the vehicle (1), preferably depending on the authentication. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (10) is designed as a sensor and communication device (10) in order to detect an activation action in a detection area (51) in addition to providing the communication, wherein at least an electrically conductive sensor element (31) is provided for capacitive detection in the detection area (51), the sensor element (31) being electrically connected to a processing device (29) in order to detect the activation action by the processing device (29) on the basis of the detection. Device (10) according to Claim 14 , characterized in that at least two shielding elements (40) are provided for shielding (41) for the detection, wherein the shielding elements (40) are arranged on different layers (21, 22, 23, 24) of a circuit board (20), one of the shielding elements (40) at a first layer (21) surrounds the sensor element (31), in particular completely, in order to provide the shielding (41) in different directions. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the processing arrangement (65) for receiving the communication signal is electrically connected to the communication means (61) via a filter arrangement (70), the filter arrangement (70) being a high-pass arrangement (71 ) and a low-pass arrangement (72) to form a band-pass filter in order to at least reduce frequencies outside a frequency range of the communication signal for communication. Device (10) according to Claim 16 , characterized in that the filter arrangement (70) comprises a Wien filter as the band pass filter. Device (10) according to Claim 16 or 17th , characterized in that the bandpass filter (71, 72) is provided as a first bandpass filter, and a second bandpass filter (71, 72) is symmetrical to the first bandpass filter (71, 72), the bandpass filters having different connections (RX +, RX-) are electrically connected in order to filter the, in particular symmetrically, received communication signal symmetrically at the connections (RX +, RX-). Door handle (5) for a vehicle (1) which, as the vehicle part (5), has a device (10) according to one of the preceding claims. Use of a device (10) according to one of the Claims 1 to 18th for a vehicle for communication with a mobile device, the mobile device being provided outside the vehicle (1) in order to activate a function of the vehicle (1) via the communication.

Images