DE102020116093A1 - Techniques for measuring electrical parameters of a machine or system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring arrangement (400) for measuring electrical parameters (143) of a machine or system (140), comprising: a function module (420) with a pulse output (421), the function module (420) being designed, an electrical parameter ( 143) of a machine or system (140), to convert the electrical parameter according to a signaling protocol (424) into a standard signal with offset zero point (423), and to convert the standard signal (423) as a sequence of pulses (422) via the pulse output ( 421) to output; and a measuring device (110) which is designed to receive the unit signal (423) via the pulse output (421) of the function module (420), to determine a measured value of the electrical parameter (143) based on the received unit signal (423) and to determine the Display (111) the measured value of the electrical parameter (143), the function module (420) being designed to convert both an energy variable (E) and a field or power variable (U, I, P) into a standard signal with offset zero point (423) to be converted and output via the pulse output (421).

Description

The invention relates to techniques for measuring electrical parameters of a machine or system, in particular energy, current, voltage and power, in which the electrical parameter is converted into a standard signal with an offset zero point, the conversion being both an energy variable and a field or The performance of the machine or system. The invention relates in particular to a measuring arrangement with a measuring device and a function module, which transmits a standard signal with an offset zero point to the measuring device via a pulse output of the function module.

Currently available systems of energy and electricity measurement technology are used to monitor machines and systems and thus increase efficiency in companies and organizations. Energy measuring devices record and monitor electrical parameters of machines and systems. Current transformers convert e.g. alternating currents with high amperage, e.g. up to 4000 A, into secondary currents with low amperage, such as from 1A to 5A. A control system collects all the relevant energy parameters of the manufacturing processes and logs them in a database.

1 shows an example of a measuring arrangement 100 for measuring electrical parameters 141 , 142 a machine or system 140 with two function modules. An energy measuring device is shown 110 (e.g. an MA600 from Phoenix Contact) with display 111 for displaying measured values for voltage, frequency and energy. An example of the representation at a specific point in time is shown, with a voltage U = 690 V, a frequency F = 50 Hz and an energy meter value C = 217683 kWh being displayed. The energy meter 110 is operated with two function modules, a first function module 120 with pulse output 121 (e.g. EEM-IMP from Phoenix Contact) for transmitting a series of pulses 122 and a second functional module 130 with analog output 131 (e.g. EEM-2AO from Phoenix Contact) for transferring analog signals 132 . The first functional module 120 with pulse output 121 is used to make energy 141 transferred to; the second functional module 130 with analog output 131 is used to measure field and power quantities 142 , e.g. power, current and voltage. The energy quantities 141 and the field and output sizes 142 are thus used by the machine or system 140 to the measuring device 110 transfer.

A closer examination of the measuring arrangement 100 showed that it was at the pulse output 121 of the first functional module 120 for the transmission of the energy meter values, problems arise with the update of the meter values, as in 2 illustrated in more detail. 2 shows a measurement diagram of the inverse update rate 200 for energy measurement on a machine or system 140 via the pulse output 121 of the function module 120 .

The following table 1 lists the electrical parameters obtained via the pulse output for an exemplary configuration of the machine or system 140 in a table, whereby a pulse value of 1Ws per pulse is assumed in this example. Table 1: electrical parameters over the pulse output with an exemplary configuration of the machine / system 140 energy Update rate Time (1 / update rate) 100,000 Ws 100000 pulses / sec 0.01 ms 50000 Ws 50000 pulses / sec 0.02 ms 25,000 Ws 25000 pulses / sec 0.04 ms 12500 Ws 12500 pulses / sec 0.08 ms 6250 Ws 6250 pulses / sec 0.16 ms 3125 Ws 3125 pulses / sec 0.32 ms 1563 Ws 1563 pulses / sec 0.64 ms 782 Ws 782 pulses / sec 1.28 ms 391 Ws 391 pulses / sec 2.56 ms 196 Ws 196 pulses / sec 5.10 ms 98 Ws 98 pulses / sec 10.20 ms 49 Ws 49 pulses / sec 20.41 ms 25 Ws 25 pulses / sec 40.00 ms 13 Ws 13 pulses / sec 76.92 ms 7 Ws 7 pulses / sec 142.86 ms 4 Ws 4 pulses / sec 250.00 ms 2 Ws 2 pulses / sec 500.00 ms 1 Ws 1 pulse / sec 1000.00 ms

The illustration makes it clear that with small energy values, i.e. less than 1000 Ws, the inverse update rate (1 / update rate) tends towards infinity. This consequently means that for 0 Ws, the values are not updated.

The object of the invention is therefore to create a solution to the above-described problems when measuring energy quantities of a machine or system, in particular to create a measurement concept in which the above-described standstill in updating the counter values does not occur.

A further object of the invention is to create a simple and uniform measurement concept for measuring both energy variables and field and power variables of the machine or system, which ensures adequate measurement accuracy.

This object is achieved by the objects with the features according to the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.

The invention is based on the idea of transmitting not only energy quantities but also field and power quantities via a pulse output and thereby ensuring a guaranteed minimum update rate. This is achieved by operating the pulse output with an offset zero point. The advantage is that both function modules are no longer required. All measured values can be output with the pulse output. The function module with analog output can thus be saved.

According to a first aspect, the object presented above is achieved by a measuring arrangement for measuring electrical parameters of a machine or system, with: a function module with pulse output, the function module being designed to detect an electrical parameter of a machine or system, the electrical parameter according to convert a signaling protocol into a unit signal with offset zero point and output the unit signal as a train of pulses via the pulse output; and a measuring device that is designed to receive the unit signal via the pulse output of the function module, to determine a measured value of the electrical parameter based on the received unit signal and to display the measured value of the electrical parameter, the function module being designed to have both an energy variable and a Convert the field or power quantity into a standard signal with offset zero point and output it via the pulse output.

With such a measuring arrangement, the above-described standstill in updating the counter values does not occur. The measuring arrangement provides a simple and uniform measuring concept for measuring both energy quantities and field and power quantities of the machine or system, with which a sufficient measuring accuracy can be achieved.

Such a measuring arrangement offers the technical advantage that, in addition to energy variables, field and power variables can also be transmitted via the pulse output, thereby ensuring a guaranteed minimum update rate. This is achieved by operating the pulse output with an offset zero point. The advantage is that both function modules are no longer required. All electrical parameters can be output with the pulse output. The function module with analog output can thus be saved.

In an exemplary embodiment of the measuring arrangement, the pulse output is designed to output pulses, with each pulse being assigned a predetermined pulse value or pulse output frequency which corresponds to the detected electrical parameter, with the start of the measuring range being the electrical parameter is assigned a pulse valency or pulse output frequency other than zero.

This has the technical advantage that a guaranteed minimum update rate can be guaranteed by assigning a pulse value or pulse output frequency other than zero to the start of the measuring range.

In an exemplary embodiment of the measuring arrangement, the measuring device is designed to determine the measured value of the electrical parameter based on a count of the received pulses.

This has the technical advantage that the electrical parameter no longer has to be transmitted in analog form, but can be transmitted as a pulse sequence. Thanks to the guaranteed update rate, even analog signals with a low amplitude can be efficiently transmitted as a pulse sequence.

In an exemplary embodiment of the measuring arrangement, the function module is designed to output the standard signal with offset zero in the form of S0 pulses via the pulse output.

This has the technical advantage that, in addition to the transmission of energies, analog quantities, e.g. analog field and power quantities, can also be transmitted via S0 pulses via the pulse output, and transmission with a guaranteed update rate is also possible with these.

In an exemplary embodiment of the measuring arrangement, the function module is designed to convert the electrical parameter according to the signaling protocol into an update rate with an offset zero point and to output it via the pulse output.

This achieves the technical advantage that when converting the electrical parameter into an update rate with an offset zero point, a minimum update rate can be guaranteed so that a standstill in the update and thus a stagnation of the transmission can be avoided.

In an exemplary embodiment of the measuring arrangement, the inverse update rate with the offset zero point does not exceed a predetermined value.

This has the technical advantage that the update of the transmitted parameters can be controlled via the specified value and an optimal transmission behavior of the electrical parameters can be set.

In an exemplary embodiment of the measuring arrangement, the functional module is designed to transmit an analog field or power variable based on a sequence of pulses to the measuring device via the pulse output.

This has the technical advantage that the analog field or power variable can be transmitted with a function module with a pulse output, so that a second function module with an analog output is not necessary.

In an exemplary embodiment of the measuring arrangement, the measuring device comprises an electronic counter which is designed to determine a measured value of the analog field or power variable based on a count of the pulses transmitted to the measuring device.

This has the technical advantage that a very simple measuring method can be implemented with the counter, which can be used not only to count energies, but also to measure analog quantities.

In an exemplary embodiment of the measuring arrangement, the measuring device comprises one of the following or a combination thereof: an ammeter, a voltmeter, a power meter, a frequency meter, a power factor meter, a harmonic meter, an energy meter.

This has the technical advantage that a large number of different measuring devices can be supplied with measurement data via the pulse output with offset zero point.

In an exemplary embodiment of the measuring arrangement, the measuring device is designed to display an energy consumption of the machine or system together with measured field and power variables.

This has the technical advantage that energies as well as analog field and power quantities can be transmitted via a single function module and the evaluation can take place together in the measuring device.

In an exemplary embodiment of the measuring arrangement, the measuring device is designed to detect an interruption in the connection to the function module if the measuring device does not receive any pulses via the pulse output of the function module for a predetermined period of time.

This has the technical advantage that a wire break detection or connection interruption between the function module and the measuring device can be implemented via the pulse output with offset zero point.

In an exemplary embodiment of the measuring arrangement, the measuring arrangement comprises a network interface to a communication network with a controller of the machine or system, the network interface being designed to transmit the measured value of the electrical parameter to the controller in order to control the machine or system via the controller.

This has the technical advantage that all available electrical parameters can be made available to the controller, so that the controller can optimally control the machine or system in terms of energy efficiency, fast start-up behavior, etc.

According to a second aspect, the object is achieved by a function module for transmitting an electrical parameter of a machine or system to a measuring device, the function module comprising: a pulse output for transmitting pulses to the measuring device; a processor which is designed to detect the electrical parameter, to convert the electrical parameter according to a signaling protocol into a standard signal with offset zero point, and to transmit the standard signal as a sequence of pulses via the pulse output to the measuring device, the function module being designed, to convert both an energy variable and a field or power variable into a standard signal with offset zero point and to transmit it via the pulse output.

Such a function module offers the technical advantage that, in addition to energy values, field and power values can also be transmitted via the pulse output, thereby ensuring a guaranteed minimum update rate. This is achieved by operating the pulse output with an offset zero point. The advantage is that no further function module with analog output is required. All electrical parameters can be output with the pulse output. The function module with analog output can thus be saved.

In an exemplary embodiment of the function module, each pulse is assigned a predetermined pulse value or pulse output frequency, which corresponds to the recorded electrical parameter, with a pulse value or pulse output frequency other than zero being assigned to the start of the measuring range of the electrical parameter.

This has the technical advantage that a guaranteed minimum update rate can be guaranteed by assigning a pulse value or pulse output frequency other than zero to the start of the measuring range.

According to a third aspect, the object is achieved by a method for measuring electrical parameters of a machine or system, with the following steps: detecting an electrical parameter of a machine or system by a function module with a pulse output; Converting the detected electrical parameter according to a signaling protocol into a standard signal with offset zero point; Transmitting the standard signal as a sequence of pulses via the pulse output of the function module to a measuring device; Determination of a measured value of the electrical parameter based on the transmitted standard signal by the measuring device; and displaying the measured value of the electrical characteristic variable by the measuring device, the conversion into a standard signal with an offset zero point relating both to an energy variable and to a field or power variable.

With such a method, the above-described standstill in the updating of the measured values does not occur. The method provides a simple and uniform measurement concept for measuring both energy variables and field and power variables of the machine or system, with which sufficient measurement accuracy can be achieved.

According to a fourth aspect, the above-described object is achieved by a computer-readable non-volatile medium on which computer instructions are stored which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method according to the first aspect.

According to a fifth aspect, the object presented above is achieved by a computer program with a program code for carrying out the method according to the first aspect when the computer program runs on a computer or processor.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Messanordnung 100 zur Messung elektrischer Kenngrößen 141, 142 einer Maschine oder Anlage 140 mit zwei Funktionsmodulen;
• 2 ein Messdiagramm der inversen Aktualisierungsrate 200 bei einer Energiemessung an einer Maschine oder Anlage 140 über einen Impulsausgang eines Funktionsmoduls;
• 3 ein Messdiagramm der inversen Aktualisierungsrate 300 bei einer Energiemessung an einer Maschine oder Anlage 140 über einen Impulsausgang eines Funktionsmoduls, bei dem der Messwert in ein Einheitssignal mit versetztem Nullpunkt umgewandelt wird gemäß einer Ausführungsform;
• 4 eine schematische Darstellung einer Messanordnung 400 zur Messung elektrischer Kenngrößen 143 einer Maschine oder Anlage 140 mit einem Funktionsmodul 420 mit Impulsausgang 421, bei dem die elektrische Kenngröße in ein Einheitssignal mit versetztem Nullpunkt 423 umgewandelt wird gemäß einer Ausführungsform; und
• 5 eine schematische Darstellung eines Verfahrens 500 zum Messen von elektrischen Kenngrößen einer Maschine oder Anlage gemäß einer Ausführungsform.

Further exemplary embodiments are explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of a measuring arrangement 100 for measuring electrical parameters 141 , 142 a machine or system 140 with two function modules;
• 2 a measurement diagram of the inverse update rate 200 for energy measurement on a machine or system 140 via a pulse output of a function module;
• 3 a measurement diagram of the inverse update rate 300 for energy measurement on a machine or system 140 via a pulse output of a function module, in which the measured value is converted into a standard signal with an offset zero point, according to one embodiment;
• 4th a schematic representation of a measuring arrangement 400 for measuring electrical parameters 143 a machine or system 140 with a function module 420 with pulse output 421 , in which the electrical parameter is converted into a standard signal with offset zero 423 is converted according to one embodiment; and
• 5 a schematic representation of a process 500 for measuring electrical parameters of a machine or system according to one embodiment.

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which there is shown, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the invention may be carried out. It goes without saying that other embodiments can also be used and structural or logical changes can be made without deviating from the concept of the present invention. The following detailed description is therefore not to be taken in a limiting sense. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the features of the various exemplary embodiments described here can be combined with one another, unless specifically stated otherwise.

The aspects and embodiments are described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference characters generally refer to like elements.

Devices are described and methods are described. It goes without saying that the basic properties of the devices also apply to the method and vice versa. Therefore, for the sake of brevity, a duplicate description of such properties is omitted.

The devices and methods described below use the conversion of a measured value in accordance with a signaling protocol into a standard signal with an offset zero point, also referred to as offset zero or live zero. Standard signals are standardized electrical or pneumatic signals in process automation. There is an abundance of standard controllers and measuring transducers (transmitters) from various manufacturers for these standard signals. Transmitters or sensors measure process variables (temperature, level, etc.) and convert the measured value into the standard signal so that it can be used by evaluation devices such as B. display, process control system, PLC (programmable logic controller) or DDC ("Direct Digital Control") can be processed.

Standard signals with offset zero point are used in industrial applications. If an electrical signal other than zero is assigned to the start of the measuring range, wire break monitoring can be implemented. The non-zero starting signal for 0 percent is called Measured value of 4 mA or 0.2 bar, for example, also as "offset zero point". A signal of 0 mA or 0 bar is therefore always a reliable indication of a malfunction.

The devices and methods described below use the transmission of electrical parameters via a pulse output or also referred to as an S0 interface. The pulse output also offers the option of wire break detection. The voltage for on / off differs from 0V, e.g. LOW = 5V and HIGH = 24V. The pulse output is ideal for transferring energies. Each pulse is assigned a value, e.g. pulse value = x (energy units) per pulse. A simple counter is therefore sufficient to determine the total energy.

While standard signals are suitable for values such as current, voltage, temperature or power, meter readings are transmitted with the help of pulses. The interface is used, for example, in the following measuring devices: water meters, gas meters, electricity meters, heat meters, etc.

Such counters with pulse output are used to transmit pulses corresponding to a certain value to a receiver. The identification of the pulse value is the responsibility of the meter manufacturer. It can indicate the pulse valency: x (energy units) per pulse or the pulse output frequency: x pulses per (energy units). Usually two different current / voltage levels are used, namely class A: 25V / 8mA and class B: 14V / 2mA.

The pulse output has a lifezero signal. This means that the receiver and transmitter are able to differentiate between a broken cable and a 0 signal. The pulse can be defined as follows, for example: 30 ms ≤ t_ON ≤ 120 ms and 30 ms ≤ t_OFF.

The pulse output can be implemented as an open collector of a transistor, which is connected downstream of an optocoupler. When connecting the interface, you should therefore pay attention to the polarity. As described above, classes A and B are used, A for long and B for short transmission paths. In class B, up to 15 V DC voltage can be connected, in class A up to 27 V DC voltage. The maximum current is specified as 15 mA or 27 mA, which corresponds to a resistance of 1 kΩ. A current of less than 2 mA corresponds to a LOW value, a current higher than 10 mA corresponds to a HIGH value. Common DDCs can work with this threshold. The signal is output by the counter as a pulse train, with a single pulse lasting at least 30 ms.

An alternative to the S0 interface is the potential-free contact, which is used to transfer a status between electrical devices. The contact is usually made via a relay or an optocoupler. The electrical circuits of the devices to be connected are galvanically decoupled from one another. This solution is the simplest and safest method to e.g. B. to transmit digital data points electrically.

1 shows a schematic representation of a measuring arrangement 100 for measuring electrical parameters 141 , 142 a machine or system 140 with two function modules. As already described above, is an energy meter 110 shown (e.g. an MA600 from Phoenix Contact) with display 111 for displaying measured values for voltage, frequency and energy. An example of the representation at a specific point in time is shown, with a voltage U = 690 V, a frequency F = 50 Hz and an energy meter value C = 217683 kWh being displayed. The energy meter 110 is operated with two function modules, a first function module 120 with pulse output 121 (e.g. EEM-IMP from Phoenix Contact) for transmitting a series of pulses 122 and a second functional module 130 with analog output 131 (e.g. EEM-2AO from Phoenix Contact) for transferring analog signals 132 . The first functional module 120 with pulse output 121 is used to make energy 141 transferred to; the second functional module 130 with analog output 131 is used to measure field and power quantities 142 , e.g. power, current and voltage. The energy quantities 141 and the field and output sizes 142 are thus used by the machine or system 140 to the measuring device 110 transfer.

2 shows a measurement diagram of the inverse update rate 200 for energy measurement on a machine or system 140 via a pulse output of a function module.

Table 1 already shown above lists the measured values obtained 2 via the pulse output in an exemplary configuration of the machine or system 140 in a table, whereby a pulse value of 1Ws per pulse is assumed in this example.

The illustration makes it clear that for small energy values, ie less than 1000 Ws, the inverse update rate (1 / update rate) tends towards infinity. This consequently means that for 0 Ws, the values are not updated.

3 shows a measurement diagram of the inverse update rate 300 for energy measurement on a machine or system 140 Via a pulse output of a function module, in which the measured value is converted into a standard signal with an offset zero point, according to one embodiment.

The representation of the 3 shows that it is at the pulse output 121 of the first functional module 120 For the transmission of the energy quantities, the problems described above with the updating of the electrical parameters no longer arise. The measurement diagram of the inverse update rate 300 shows that the electrical parameters are always updated.

The following table 2 lists the electrical parameters obtained via the pulse output for the 2 selected exemplary configuration of the machine or system 140 tabular on. A pulse value of 1 Ws per pulse is also assumed here. Table 2: Electrical parameters via the pulse output with an exemplary configuration of the machine / system 140 when the pulse output is operated with offset zero energy Update rate Time (1 / update rate) 100,000 Ws 100010 pulses / sec 0.01 ms 50000 Ws 50010 pulses / sec 0.02 ms 25,000 Ws 25010 pulses / sec 0.04 ms 12500 Ws 12510 pulses / sec 0.08 ms 6250 Ws 6260 pulses / sec 0.16 ms 3125 Ws 3135 pulses / sec 0.32 ms 1563 Ws 1573 pulses / sec 0.64 ms 782 Ws 792 pulses / sec 1.26 ms 391 Ws 401 pulses / sec 2.49 ms 196 Ws 206 pulses / sec 4.85 ms 98 Ws 108 pulses / sec 9.26 ms 49 Ws 59 pulses / sec 16.95 ms 25 Ws 35 pulses / sec 28.57 ms 13 Ws 23 pulses / sec 43.48 ms 7 Ws 17 pulses / sec 58.82 ms 4 Ws 14 pulses / sec 71.43 ms 2 Ws 12 pulses / sec 83.33 ms 1 Ws 11 pulses / sec 90.91 ms

The illustration makes it clear that with small energy values, ie less than 1000 Ws, the inverse update rate (1 / update rate) no longer tends towards infinity, but rather the value 301 no longer exceeds 100 ms. Consequently, this means that the measured values are always updated.

This behavior can now also be applied to the field and power quantities 142 transfer. A measuring arrangement can be selected in which no longer both function modules 120 , 130 needed as below too 4th described in more detail. All measured values can be sent with the pulse output 121 of the first functional module 120 are issued. The second functional module 130 with the analog output 131 can be saved.

4th shows a schematic representation of a measuring arrangement 400 for measuring electrical parameters 143 a machine or system 140 with a function module 420 with pulse output 421 , in which the electrical parameter is converted into a standard signal with offset zero 423 is converted according to one embodiment.

In contrast to the above too 1 described measuring arrangement 100 comes the measuring arrangement 400 without the second functional module 130 with analog output 131 out. A functional module 420 with pulse output 421 according to the in 1 illustrated first functional module 120 with pulse output 121 is sufficient to ensure the functionality described in this disclosure.

The measuring arrangement 400 includes a functional module 420 with pulse output 421 , where the functional module 420 is formed, an electrical parameter 143 a machine or system 140 to detect the electrical parameter according to a signaling protocol 424 into a standard signal with offset zero point 423 convert, and the standard signal 423 as a series of impulses 422 via the pulse output 421 to spend. The measuring arrangement 400 further comprises a measuring device 110 , which is formed, the unit signal 423 via the pulse output 421 of the function module 420 to receive a measured value of the electrical parameter 143 based on the received unit signal 423 to determine and the measured value of the electrical parameter 143 display, for example on a display 111 . The functional module 420 is designed, both an energy quantity (E) and a field or power quantity (U, I, P) in a standard signal with offset zero point 423 to convert and via the pulse output 421 to spend.

The pulse output 421 is trained to give impulses 422 output, each pulse being assigned a predetermined pulse valency or pulse output frequency which corresponds to the electrical parameter, with a pulse valency or pulse output frequency other than zero being assigned to the start of the measuring range of the electrical parameter.

The measuring arrangement 400 uses the conversion of an electrical parameter, eg an electrical parameter 143 for voltage U, current I, power P and energy E, according to a signaling protocol 424 into a standard signal with offset zero point 423 , also known as offset zero or live zero. Standard signals are standardized electrical or pneumatic signals in process automation. There is an abundance of standard controllers and measuring transducers (transmitters) from various manufacturers for these standard signals. Transmitters or sensors measure process variables (temperature, level, etc.) and convert the measured value into the standard signal so that it can be used by evaluation devices such as B. display, process control system, PLC (programmable logic controller) or DDC ("Direct Digital Control") can be processed.

When using standard signals with offset zero 423 With an electrical signal other than zero assigned to the start of the measuring range, wire break monitoring can be implemented. The start signal deviating from zero for 0 percent measured value of, for example, 4 mA or 0.2 bar is also referred to as "offset zero point". A signal of 0 mA or 0 bar is therefore always a reliable indication of a malfunction.

The measuring arrangement 400 uses the transmission of electrical parameters via the pulse output 421 of the function module 420 . The pulse output 421 is also known as the S0 interface. The pulse output 421 offers the possibility of wire break detection. The voltage for on / off differs from 0V, e.g. LOW = 5V and HIGH = 24V. The pulse output 421 is ideally suited to transferring energies. Each pulse is assigned a value, e.g. pulse value = x (energy units) per pulse. A simple counter is therefore sufficient to determine the total energy.

With the measuring arrangement 400 Not only can energy values be transmitted in the form of standard signals in order to determine meter readings, but also field and power values such as current, voltage, temperature or power that could previously only be transmitted via an analog interface.

Pulse output counters are used to transmit pulses corresponding to a certain value to a receiver. The identification of the pulse value is the responsibility of the meter manufacturer. It can indicate the pulse valency: x (energy units) per pulse or the pulse output frequency: x pulses per (energy units). Usually two different current / voltage levels are used, namely class A: 25V / 8mA and class B: 14V / 2mA.

The pulse output 421 has a Lifezero signal. This means that the receiver and transmitter are able to differentiate between a broken cable and a 0 signal. The impulse 422 can be defined as follows, for example: 30 ms ≤ t_ON ≤ 120 ms and 30 ms ≤ t_OFF.

In one embodiment, the pulse output 421 for example, be implemented as an open collector of a transistor, which is connected downstream of an optocoupler. When connecting the interface, you should therefore pay attention to the polarity. As described above, classes A and B can be used, A for long and B for short transmission paths. In class B, up to 15 V DC voltage can be connected, in class A up to 27 V DC voltage. In one embodiment, the maximum current can be specified as 15 mA or 27 mA, which corresponds to a resistance of 1 kΩ. A current of less than 2 mA corresponds to a LOW value, a current higher than 10 mA corresponds to a HIGH value. Common DDCs can work with this threshold. The signal is output by the counter as a pulse train, with a single pulse lasting at least 30 ms.

Alternative to the implementation of the pulse output 421 The pulse output 421 can also be implemented as a potential-free contact, which is used to transfer a state between electrical devices. The contact is usually made via a relay or an optocoupler. The electrical circuits of the devices to be connected are galvanically decoupled from one another. This solution is the simplest and safest method to e.g. B. to transmit digital data points electrically.

In the measuring arrangement 400 the 4th can the measuring device 110 based on a count of the pulses received 422 the measured value of the electrical parameter 143 determine and on the display 111 represent.

In one embodiment, the functional module is 420 formed, the standard signal with offset zero point 423 in the form of S0 pulses 422 via the pulse output 421 to spend. In particular, the functional module 420 be designed, the electrical parameter 143 according to the signaling protocol 424 into an update rate with offset zero 300 , as in 3 shown in more detail, to convert and via the pulse output 421 to spend. The inverse update rate exceeds the offset with the zero point 300 a predetermined value 301 , e.g. a predetermined value of 100 ms, as in 3 shown, not.

The functional module 420 is designed to be an analog field or power variable 143 based on a series of pulses 422 via the pulse output 421 to the measuring device 110 transferred to. The measuring device 110 has an electronic counter which is designed to take a measured value of the analog field or power variable 143 based on a count sent to the meter 110 transmitted pulses 422 to determine.

For example, the measuring device 110 an ammeter, a voltmeter, a power meter, a frequency meter, a power factor meter, a harmonic meter, an energy meter, or a combination thereof.

The measuring device 110 includes an ad 111 , about the energy consumption of the machine or system 140 can be displayed together with measured field and power quantities. Alternatively or additionally, these measured values can also be sent via a network interface of the measuring arrangement 400 can be transmitted to a central device (e.g. in a network or the cloud) and displayed there.

The measuring device 110 is designed to interrupt the connection to the functional module 420 to detect when the meter 110 no pulses for a given period 422 via the pulse output 421 of the function module 420 receives. Because of the offset zero point, the transmission of a zero does not mean that no signal or a zero signal is transmitted, but that the transmission is defective. A transmission of a zero signal would be signaled by the receipt of values corresponding to the offset zero point, ie a signal would be received.

In one embodiment, the measuring arrangement comprises 400 a network interface to a communication network with a controller of the machine or system 140 . The network interface is designed to take the measured value of the electrical parameter 143 to be transferred to the controller to the machine or system 140 to be controlled via the control. In other words, the control receives all measured values from the measuring arrangement 400 and based on these measured values, an optimal control (eg energy-efficient, fast start-up behavior or the like) of the machine or system can be achieved 140 make.

In addition to the measuring arrangement 400 represents 4th also a function module 420 for transferring an electrical parameter 143 a machine or system 140 to a measuring device 110 such a functional module 420 includes the following: a pulse output 421 for transmitting impulses 422 to the measuring device 110 ; and a processor (indicated by the signaling protocol 424 which is implemented on such a processor). The processor is designed to detect the electrical parameter, the electrical parameter according to a signaling protocol 424 into a standard signal with offset zero point 423 convert, and the standard signal 423 as a series of impulses 422 via the pulse output 421 to the measuring device 110 transferred to. The functional module 420 is designed to convert both an energy variable (E) and a field or power variable (U, I, P) into a standard signal with an offset zero point 423 to convert and via the pulse output 421 transferred to.

Every impulse 422 a specified pulse value or pulse output frequency is assigned, which corresponds to the recorded electrical parameter. A pulse valency or pulse output frequency other than zero is assigned to the start of the measuring range of the electrical parameter.

5 shows a schematic representation of a method 500 for measuring electrical parameters 143 a machine or system 140 according to one embodiment. The procedure 500 describes the functionality of the above too 4th described measuring arrangement 400 in procedural steps.

The procedure 500 comprises the following steps: Acquire 501 an electrical parameter 143 a machine or system 140 through a function module 420 with pulse output 421 ; Convert 502 the recorded the electrical parameters according to a signaling protocol 424 into a standard signal with offset zero point 423 ; Transfer 503 of the standard signal 423 as a series of impulses 422 via the pulse output 421 of the function module 420 to a measuring device 110 ; Determine 504 a measured value of the electrical parameter 143 based on the transmitted unit signal 423 through the meter 110 ; and ads 505 of the measured value of the electrical parameter 143 through the meter 110 , wherein the conversion to a standard signal with offset zero point 423 refers to both an energy quantity (E) and a field or power quantity (U, I, P).

The procedure 500 can be recorded on a computer-readable non-volatile medium, for example a memory such as RAM or ROM. On such a computer-readable, non-transitory medium, computer instructions are stored which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to implement the method 500 execute.

The procedure 500 can be executed on a computer program. Such a computer program comprises a program code for carrying out the method 500 if the computer program is running on a computer or processor.

It goes without saying that the features of the various exemplary embodiments described herein can be combined with one another, unless specifically stated otherwise. As shown in the description and the drawings, individual elements that have been shown in connection need not be directly related to one another; Intermediate elements can be provided between the connected elements. Furthermore, it goes without saying that embodiments of the invention can be implemented in individual circuits, partially integrated circuits or completely integrated circuits or programming means. The term "for example" is meant as an example only and not as the best or optimal. Certain embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a variety of alternative and / or similar implementations can be made in lieu of the embodiments shown and described without departing from the concept of the present invention.

Claims (15)

Measuring arrangement (400) for measuring electrical parameters (143) of a machine or system (140), comprising: a function module (420) with pulse output (421), the function module (420) being designed, an electrical parameter (143) of a machine or to detect the system (140), to convert the electrical parameter according to a signaling protocol (424) into a standard signal with offset zero point (423), and to output the standard signal (423) as a sequence of pulses (422) via the pulse output (421); and a measuring device (110) which is designed to receive the standard signal (423) via the pulse output (421) of the function module (420), a measured value of the electrical parameter (143) based on the to determine the received standard signal (423) and to display (111) the measured value of the electrical parameter (143), the functional module (420) being designed to include both an energy variable (E) and a field or power variable (U, I, P) to be converted into a standard signal with offset zero point (423) and output via the pulse output (421). Measuring arrangement (400) Claim 1 , the pulse output (421) being designed to output pulses (422), each pulse being assigned a predetermined pulse valency or pulse output frequency which corresponds to the detected electrical parameter, a pulse valency or pulse output frequency other than zero being assigned to the start of the measuring range of the electrical parameter. Measuring arrangement (400) Claim 2 , wherein the measuring device (110) is designed to determine the measured value of the electrical parameter (143) based on a count of the received pulses (422). Measuring arrangement (400) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the function module (420) is designed to output the standard signal with offset zero point (423) in the form of S0 pulses (422) via the pulse output (421). Measuring arrangement (400) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the functional module (420) is designed to convert the electrical parameter (143) according to the signaling protocol (424) into an update rate with offset zero point (300) and to output it via the pulse output (421). Measuring arrangement (400) Claim 5 , wherein the inverse update rate with offset zero point (300) does not exceed a predetermined value (301). Measuring arrangement (400) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the functional module (420) is designed to supply an analog field or power variable (143) based on a sequence of pulses (422) via the pulse output (421) to the measuring device (110) transfer. Measuring arrangement (400) Claim 7 wherein the measuring device (110) comprises an electronic counter which is designed to determine a measured value of the analog field or power variable (143) based on a count of the pulses (422) transmitted to the measuring device (110). Measuring arrangement (400) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the measuring device (110) comprises one of the following or a combination thereof: an ammeter, a voltmeter, a power meter, a frequency meter, a power factor meter, a harmonic meter, an energy meter. Measuring arrangement (400) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the measuring device (110) is designed to display (111) an energy consumption of the machine or system (140) together with measured field and power variables. Measuring arrangement (400) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the measuring device (110) is designed to recognize an interruption in the connection to the functional module (420) if the measuring device (110) does not receive any pulses (422) via the pulse output (421) for a predetermined period of time ) of the function module (420). Measuring arrangement (400) according to one of the preceding claims, with a network interface to a communication network with a controller of the machine or system (140), the network interface being designed to transmit the measured value of the electrical parameter (143) to the controller in order to control the machine or to control the system (140) via the controller. Function module (420) for transmitting an electrical parameter (143) of a machine or system (140) to a measuring device (110), the function module (420) comprising: a pulse output (421) for transmitting pulses (422) to the measuring device (110); and a processor which is designed to detect the electrical characteristic (143), to convert the electrical characteristic according to a signaling protocol (424) into a standard signal with offset zero point (423), and the standard signal (423) as a sequence of pulses (422 ) to be transmitted to the measuring device (110) via the pulse output (421), wherein the function module (420) is designed to convert both an energy variable (E) and a field or power variable (U, I, P) into a standard signal with offset zero point (423) and to transmit it via the pulse output (421). Function module (420) Claim 13 , wherein each pulse (422) is assigned a predetermined pulse valency or pulse output frequency which corresponds to the detected electrical parameter, a measuring range start of the electrical parameter being assigned a pulse valency or pulse output frequency other than zero. Method (500) for measuring electrical parameters (143) of a machine or system (140), with the following steps: Detection (501) of an electrical parameter (143) of a machine or system (140) by a function module (420) with pulse output (421); Converting (502) the detected electrical parameter according to a signaling protocol (424) into a standard signal with an offset zero point (423); Transmitting (503) the standard signal (423) as a sequence of pulses (422) via the pulse output (421) of the function module (420) to a measuring device (110); Determination (504) of a measured value of the electrical parameter (143) based on the transmitted standard signal (423) by the measuring device (110); and Display (505) of the measured value of the electrical parameter (143) by the measuring device (110), wherein the conversion into a standard signal with offset zero point (423) relates both to an energy quantity (E) and to a field or power quantity (U, I, P).

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