DE102020110482A1 - Method for adapting a control of a heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for adapting a control of a heating device (1), the heating device (1) having a conveying device (2) for conveying a fuel-air mixture and a burner (3) for burning the fuel-air mixture, and wherein the heat generated by the burner (3) can be transferred into a liquid circuit (14) of the building, comprising at least the following steps: a) operating the heater (1) with a specific, initial drive power of the conveyor (2), b) determining a Actual heating output of the heater (2), which is delivered to the liquid circuit (14) at the initial drive output of the delivery device (2), c) adjusting the control of the heater (1) as a function of the determined actual heating output and a predefined target Heating capacity.

Description

The invention relates to a method for adapting a control of a heating device. Furthermore, a computer program, a machine-readable storage medium, a control device for a heating device and a heating device are specified, each of which is provided and set up to carry out the method. The method can be used in particular to compensate for the influences of different exhaust systems on the device output or heating output of a heater.

Heaters are known, each of which has a delivery device for delivering a fuel-air mixture and a burner for burning the fuel-air mixture. The heat generated by means of the burner can then be transferred into a liquid circuit of a building in order to heat the building or at least a part of it. The heater and the liquid circuit usually form a heating system for heating the building or part of it. The thermal energy emitted by the burner per unit of time is usually referred to as heating output, device output or, if applicable, also generally as output of the heating device. The heating power of corresponding heating devices is usually only controlled via the drive power of the conveyor device. For this purpose, a specific (nominal) drive power of the conveying device is permanently assigned to a specific (nominal) heating power. This is based on the assumption that with a specific drive power of the delivery device, as a rule, a specific mixture volume flow can always be delivered, which determines the heating power of the heater. Because via the so-called fuel-air network of corresponding heating devices, a deviation in the delivery volume usually (in particular pneumatically or also electronically) also affects the amount of fuel supplied and thus the heating output.

It has been shown, however, that the mixture volume flow delivered by the delivery device does not only depend on the drive power of the delivery device. Rather, it has been found that the pressure losses in the supply air systems and / or in the exhaust systems to which the heaters are usually connected can have a significant influence on the mixture volume flow and thus the heating output. In this context, it has been shown in particular that pressure loss differences, which can result from different designs of supply air systems and / or exhaust systems and / or from different ambient conditions, can have a significant and therefore considerable influence on the heating output.

Particularly in so-called multiple occupancy systems, in which several heaters are connected to an exhaust system at different positions, the pressure loss caused by the exhaust system can, for example, be significantly dependent on the position of the respective heater on the exhaust system. In the case of a heater that is further away from a common outlet opening of the exhaust system than other heaters of the multiple occupancy system, an undesired reduction in burner output can occur, for example, due to comparatively high pressure losses in the exhaust system.

It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a method by means of which the problems described in connection with the prior art can be at least partially solved. In particular, the method should make it possible to at least partially take into account or compensate for the influences of various supply air systems, exhaust systems and / or ambient conditions on the heating output of a heater.

This object is achieved with a method according to the features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements result from the features of the dependent claims.

1. a) Betreiben des Heizgeräts mit einer bestimmten, initialen Antriebsleistung der Fördereinrichtung,
2. b) Ermitteln einer Ist-Heizleistung des Heizgeräts, die bei der initialen Antriebsleistung der Fördereinrichtung an den Flüssigkeitskreislauf abgegeben wird,
3. c) Anpassen der Steuerung des Heizgeräts in Abhängigkeit der ermittelten Ist-Heizleistung und einer vordefinierten Soll-Heizleistung.

A method for adapting a control of a heating device contributes to this, the heating device having a conveying device for conveying a fuel-air mixture and a burner for burning the fuel-air mixture, and wherein heat generated by means of the burner is fed into a liquid circuit of a building is transferable, comprising at least the following steps:

1. a) Operation of the heater with a specific, initial drive power of the conveyor device,
2. b) Determining an actual heating output of the heater, which is delivered to the liquid circuit at the initial drive output of the delivery device,
3. c) Adjusting the control of the heater as a function of the determined actual heating output and a predefined target heating output.

Steps a) to c) can, for example, be carried out at least once in the specified order to carry out the method. Furthermore, steps a) to c) can also be repeated (several times) or steps a) to c) can begin repeatedly (in the manner of a loop) with step a). At least parts of steps a) to c), in particular steps a) and b), can be carried out at least partially in parallel or simultaneously.

The method can be carried out, for example, during a (first) start-up of the heater in the building, in particular after the heater has been installed in the building. For example, an initial value for the drive power for determining the initial drive power can be stored in the control of the heater. Furthermore, the method can be carried out, for example, when the heater is started up several times or even every time, in order to be able to adapt the control of the heater to changing ambient conditions, for example. To determine the initial drive power, in this context, for example, the stored initial value for the drive power or a value for the drive power that has been adjusted in a previous implementation of the method to achieve the predefined setpoint heating power can be used.

The method advantageously enables power regulation to be carried out by means of energy measurement. The power control can contribute in particular to compensating for the influences of various air supply systems and / or exhaust systems and / or ambient conditions (such as ambient temperatures and / or ambient pressures) on the device output or heating output of a heater. The method (thus) advantageously enables the influences of different supply air systems, exhaust systems and / or ambient conditions on the heating output of a heater to be at least partially taken into account or even at least partially compensated for.

The heating device is usually a heating device for a building. Furthermore, the fuel can be, for example, a fossil fuel such as (liquid and / or natural) gas or (natural) oil. The liquid circuit can be a water circuit, for example. One or more radiators for heating the building or part of it can be connected to the liquid circuit. A heat exchanger can be provided to transfer heat from the burner into the liquid circuit. This heat exchanger can be arranged between the burner and the liquid circuit. Furthermore, the heat exchanger can be assigned to the burner or can be formed within the heater and / or in the area of the burner. The control can be implemented, for example, by means of a control device of the heater. For example, the control, such as a (computer) program for controlling the heating device, can be implemented in the control device.

The heater can preferably be a gas heater. In other words, this relates in particular to a heating device which is set up to burn one or more (gaseous) fossil fuels such as liquid gas and / or natural gas, possibly with the supply of ambient air from a building or the environment, in order to generate energy to heat a building To generate water circuit for heating the building or part of it. For example, the heater can be a so-called gas condensing boiler. The heater generally has at least one burner and at least one delivery device, such as a fan, which can deliver a mixture of fuel (gas) and combustion air (through a mixture duct of the heater) to the burner.

Exhaust gas resulting from the combustion can be routed through an (internal) exhaust pipe of the heater to a (possibly shared or multiple) exhaust system (of the building). Several heaters can be connected to this (common or multiple) exhaust system. Exhaust gas resulting from the combustion can (thus) be discharged from the burner via an exhaust system, for example. The exhaust system can comprise an exhaust pipe (internal to the heater) and at least part of an exhaust system (external to the heater) (of the building). The exhaust system can open into the area around the building via at least one chimney. The heater can be connected to various exhaust systems. An exhaust gas path (exhaust system-specific) extending from the heater to the surroundings can thus be different, in particular different dimensioned, for example, be of different lengths. With the method described here, the influences of various exhaust systems and / or exhaust gas paths on the device output or heating output of the heater can advantageously be taken into account and / or compensated as far as possible.

(Supply or combustion) air that can be used for the combustion can be supplied, for example via a supply air system, to a mixing point for mixing fuel and air to form the fuel-air mixture (and thus to the burner). The mixing point is usually formed in the heater and can usually be connected to the burner via a mixture channel. The supply air system can comprise a (heater-internal) supply air pipe (which opens at the mixing point) and at least part of a (heater-external) supply air system (of the building). The air supply system can open into the environment around the building, for example, via at least one intake pipe. The heater can be connected to various supply air systems. Thus, a supply air path (specific to the supply air system) extending from the heater to the surroundings can be different, in particular differently dimensioned, for example differently long. With the method described here, the influences of various supply air systems and / or supply air paths on the device output or heating output of the heater can advantageously be taken into account and / or compensated as far as possible.

At the mixing point, the supply air can be mixed with fuel in a predeterminable and / or as constant as possible mixing ratio. The mixing ratio can, for example, be fixed or adjustable (manually or by an installer or skilled craftsman). After the mixing ratio has been adjusted, it is usually kept as constant as possible (until it is adjusted again, if necessary). Thus, a deviation in the delivery volume of the delivery device usually (in particular pneumatically and / or electronically) also (directly) affects the amount of fuel supplied and thus the heating output. The mixing ratio can be set and / or kept as constant as possible in particular via a so-called fuel-air network of the heater, in particular by means of a gas fitting of the heater.

The building can in principle be a residential building and / or a commercially used building. The heater can in particular be used to heat only part of the building, such as an individual apartment and / or an individual room. Alternatively or cumulatively, the heater can also be used to heat a water system (e.g. heating water circuit) in the building or apartment.

In step a), the heater is operated with a specific, initial drive power of the delivery device. Operating the heater includes, in particular, operating the burner and / or heating at least part of the fluid circuit while the delivery device is operated with the initial drive power, such as a specific electrical drive power of a motor of the delivery device and / or a specific motor speed of the delivery device. For example, at least one initial value for the drive power for determining the initial drive power can be stored in the control of the heater. The initial value can, for example, be permanently stored (for example permanently programmed) or be manually and / or automatically adaptable or predeterminable. For example, the initial value can be adjusted or specified by an installer or skilled craftsman or a user of the heater (if necessary). The initial value for the drive power for determining the initial drive power can be selected, for example, in such a way that the target heating power can be achieved as expected (for example based on experience with a reference exhaust system, a reference air supply system and / or reference ambient conditions) . Furthermore, the initial value can, for example, be automatically adapted or specified for the drive power, for example by the controller itself, for example as a function of a value for the drive power that was adapted in a previous implementation of the method to achieve the predefined setpoint heating power.

In step b), an actual heating power of the heater is determined, which is delivered to the liquid circuit at the initial drive power of the delivery device. In other words, this means in particular that the heating power is determined which is entered into the liquid circuit by the heating device while the delivery device is operated with the initial drive power. The determination can take place, for example, via a (sensory) energy measurement. For example, the heat output from the burner and / or the heat input into the liquid circuit can be measured (using sensors). If this energy (s) is considered in relation to a unit of time, the actual heating output can be determined or calculated from this by way of example. For example, a sensor system assigned to the burner and / or a sensor system assigned to the liquid circuit can be used for measuring. For example, temperature sensors and / or flow sensors can be used as sensors. Alternatively or cumulatively, the burner output or the heating output that is emitted by the burner can also be determined as the actual heating output.

In step c) the control of the heater is adapted as a function of the determined actual heating output and a predefined target heating output. The predefined setpoint heating output is in particular the heating output that is to be achieved with the initial drive output of the conveying device. Alternatively or cumulatively, the predefined setpoint heating power can describe a specific operating point of the heater and / or a heating system (including the heater and the liquid circuit). The operating point can be, for example, a maximum operating point or full load point. For example, at least one specific value for defining the predefined setpoint heating power can be stored in the control of the heater. The specific value can, for example, be permanently stored (for example permanently programmed) or be manually adaptable or specifiable. For example, the specific value can be adjusted or specified by an installer or skilled craftsman or a user of the heater (if necessary).

The (actual and / or setpoint) heating output can in principle relate to the (thermal) output entered into the liquid circuit and / or the (thermal) output emitted by the burner. These (thermal) outputs can be converted into one another via a (thermal) efficiency (of the heater or the heat transfer from burner to liquid circuit).

For example, the control can be adapted as a function of a comparison between the determined actual heating output and the predefined target heating output and / or adapt itself. In particular, the control can be adapted as a function of any deviation or difference between the determined actual heating output and the predefined target heating output and / or adapt itself. For example, the drive power of the delivery device and / or a fuel component of the fuel-air mixture can be increased if the determined actual heating output is (well, for example by more than 5%) below the predefined target heating output. Power control can thus advantageously be carried out by means of energy measurement.

According to an advantageous embodiment, it is proposed that in step c) a specification stored in the control for the drive power of the conveying device is adapted. The specification can be implemented, for example, in the form of a characteristic curve, a characteristic diagram, a mathematical function and / or a table (for example so-called “look-up table”). The specification can, for example, assign a specific drive power of the delivery device to one or more target heating powers. The specification is in particular adapted overall so that, for example, all assignments of target heating power to drive power are adapted simultaneously or in parallel. The specification can be increased (overall), for example, if the actual heating output determined in step b) is (significantly, for example by more than 5%) below the predefined setpoint heating output.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, it is proposed that in step a) a fan of the conveying device is operated at a specific, initial speed. A fan that can be driven, for example, by means of an electric motor can represent a particularly advantageous embodiment of the conveying device. The drive power of the conveying device can, for example, describe the electrical power that is provided to the electric motor of the blower. The delivery rate of the conveyor device or the fan can be adjusted via the speed of the fan.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, it is proposed that in step c) a specification stored in the controller for the speed of the fan of the conveying device is adapted. The specification can be implemented, for example, in the form of a characteristic curve, a characteristic diagram, a mathematical function and / or a table (for example so-called “look-up table”). The specification can, for example, assign a specific speed of the fan to one or more target heating outputs. The specification is in particular adapted overall so that, for example, all assignments of target heating power to speed are adapted simultaneously or in parallel. The specification can be increased (overall), for example, if the actual heating output determined in step b) is (significantly, for example by more than 5%) below the predefined setpoint heating output.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, it is proposed that in step b) the actual heating power is determined using sensor data from sensors that are assigned to the liquid circuit. In this context, for example, two temperature sensors and one flow sensor can be used as sensors. Of the two temperature sensors, for example, one can be assigned to the flow and one to the return of the liquid circuit. The flow sensor can be, for example, a mass flow sensor or a volume flow sensor.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, it is proposed that in step b) the actual heating power is determined using an efficiency, the efficiency being determined using sensor data from sensors that are assigned to the liquid circuit. Two temperature sensors, for example, can be used as sensors in this context. Of the two temperature sensors, for example, one can be assigned to the flow and one to the return of the liquid circuit. The actual heating output determined using the efficiency is, in particular, an actual burner output (actual thermal output emitted by the burner). In this context, the control of the heater can be adapted in step c) as a function of the determined actual burner output and a predefined setpoint burner output. In particular, the actual burner output can be compared with a target burner output.

Alternatively or cumulatively, however, it can also be provided that an actual burner output is determined using an efficiency, the efficiency being determined using sensor data from sensors that are assigned to the liquid circuit, and that this actual burner output in particular in addition to an actual heating power determined in step b), which is entered into the liquid circuit. The corresponding additional information about the actual burner output can contribute, for example, to the fact that burner-specific criteria, such as standardization requirements and / or approval requirements, can be checked.

According to a further aspect, a computer program for carrying out a method described here is proposed. In other words, this relates in particular to a computer program (product), comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out a method described here.

According to a further aspect, a machine-readable storage medium is proposed on which the computer program is stored. The machine-readable storage medium is usually a computer-readable data carrier.

According to a further aspect, a control device for a heating device is also proposed, the control device being provided and set up to carry out a method described here. The control device can be, for example, a control device of the heating device, which is set up to carry out the method. By way of example, the control device can comprise a processor (controller) that can execute at least part of the method. For this purpose, the processor can, for example, execute the computer program, for which purpose the processor can access the storage medium, for example. For this purpose, the storage medium can represent a component of the control device or can be connected to it.

According to a further aspect, a heating device is also proposed. The heater has a control device described here. Furthermore, the heating device or a heating system, comprising the heating device and the liquid circuit, can comprise a corresponding sensor system for carrying out the method, such as two temperature sensors and a flow sensor.

The details, features and advantageous configurations discussed in connection with the method can correspondingly also occur in the computer program presented here, the storage medium, the control device and / or the heater, and vice versa. In this respect, reference is made in full to the statements made there for a more detailed characterization of the features.

• 1: schematisch einen beispielhaften Ablauf eines hier beschriebenen Verfahrens, und
• 2: schematisch einen beispielhaften Aufbau eines hier beschriebenen Heizgeräts.

The invention will now be explained in detail with reference to the figures. They represent:

• 1 : schematically an exemplary sequence of a method described here, and
• 2 : schematically an exemplary structure of a heater described here.

1 shows schematically an exemplary sequence of a method described here for adapting a control of a heating device 1 where the heater 1 a conveyor 2 for conveying a fuel-air mixture and a burner 3 for burning the fuel-air mixture, and wherein by means of the burner 3 generated heat in a liquid cycle 14th of a building is transferable (cf. 2 ). The sequence of steps a), b) and c) represented by blocks 110, 120 and 130 is exemplary and can thus be run through, for example, during a regular operating sequence to carry out the method.

In block 110, the heater is operated in accordance with step a) 1 with a certain, initial drive power of the conveyor 2 . In block 120, according to step b), an actual heating output of the heater is determined 2 at the initial drive power of the conveyor 2 to the fluid circuit 14th is delivered. In block 130, the control of the heater is adapted in accordance with step c) 1 depending on the determined actual heating output and a predefined target heating output.

For example, in step c) a specification stored in the controller for the drive power of the conveyor device can be used 2 be adjusted.

2 shows schematically an exemplary structure of a heater described here 1 . The heater 1 has a control device 7th on. The control device 7th is intended and set up to carry out a method described here.

For example, in step a) a fan of the conveying device 2 is operated with a certain, initial speed. In this context, a specification stored in the control for the speed of the fan of the conveying device can also be used in step c) 2 be adjusted.

In 2 it is also illustrated that in step b) the actual heating power using sensor data from sensors 6th , 9 , 11 can be determined which the fluid circuit 14th assigned. For this purpose, for example, two temperature sensors 6th , 11 and a flow sensor 9 come into use. Of the two temperature sensors 6th , 11 can for example be assigned to the flow and one to the return of the liquid circuit. With the flow sensor 9 can it for example a mass flow sensor or volume flow sensor.

In 2 it is also illustrated that in step b) the actual heating output or additional information about the actual burner output can be determined using an efficiency, the efficiency using sensor data from sensors 6th , 11 is determined, which is the fluid circuit 14th assigned. For this purpose, for example, two temperature sensors 6th , 11 come into use. Of the two temperature sensors 6th , 11 can for example be assigned to the flow and one to the return of the liquid circuit.

An exemplary and particularly advantageous variant of the method and the heater 1 is based on the illustration below 2 described in more detail:

The heater 1 (for example a gas condensing boiler) is equipped with a burner system in front of a conveying device, for example in the form of a fan 2 the fuel, here for example gas, and the combustion air are brought together. This mixture is then conveyed by the conveyor 2 or the fan via a mixture duct 12th to the burner 3 transported, where the combustion then takes place.

The gas is supplied by a gas valve 5 provided depending on the fan speed. The exhaust gases produced by the combustion are passed through an internal exhaust pipe 10 to the exhaust system 15th performed after it, for example, by means of a heat exchanger 13th have been cooled down. The energy is passed through the heat exchanger 13th to a liquid circuit formed here by way of example as a water circuit 14th transfer. Before and after the heat exchanger 13th is a temperature sensor each 6th , 11 (for example designed as NTC) attached. The temperature sensor 6th forms a flow temperature sensor and the temperature sensor 11 a return temperature sensor. In the waterway to or from the heat exchanger 13th is also a water volume flow or water mass flow sensor 9 appropriate.

By evaluating the measurement data from the (flow) temperature sensor 6, the (return) temperature sensor 11 and the water mass flow sensor 9 you can then see the current output in the heating system or from the heater 1 into the fluid circuit 14th will be released, calculate. For example, the following formula from heat transfer theory can be used for this purpose: $${\text{Q}}_{\text{away}}=\text{m}*{\text{c}}_{\text{pk}}*\text{dT}$$

Qab denotes the heat energy emitted, m the water mass, c _pk the specific heat capacity and dT the temperature difference between the (flow) temperature sensor 6 and the (return) temperature sensor 11 14th is entered or submitted.

If you divide this value by the expected efficiency of the heater 1 or the heat transfer in the heat exchanger 13th from the heater 1 into the fluid circuit 14th , so you get the power supplied or the burner power that the heater 1 in the heat exchanger 13th enters. The expected efficiency can be derived, for example, from the mean water temperature in the heat exchanger 13th (T _VL - T _RL ) / 2 or only from the flow temperature or return temperature. Corresponding efficiency values can, for example, in advance for the respective heater 1 determined and in the control or the control device 7th for example, can be stored in the form of a characteristic curve.

To carry out the process, you can first use the conveyor 2 drive with the specific, initial drive power and thus, here as an example, drive the fan speed to the value stored in the control for the desired device power. Then you can use the procedure described above, the actual heating output (that in the liquid circuit 14th is entered) with the desired value (Q _setpoint ). If there is a control deviation determined in this way, the fan speed can then be increased or decreased (accordingly) until the desired output is achieved. The burner output determined via the efficiency can be provided as additional information.

With the method described here, different variants or causes of pressure losses in the supply air system and / or the exhaust system, in particular caused by different lengths, fixtures, wind or weather conditions, can advantageously be compensated for.

A method is thus specified by means of which the problems described in connection with the prior art can be at least partially solved. In particular, the method can make it possible to at least partially take into account or compensate for the influences of various supply air systems, exhaust systems and / or ambient conditions on the heating output of a heater.

List of reference symbols

1

heater

2

Conveyor

3

burner

4th

Air intake pipe

5

Gas valve

6th

Temperature sensor

7th

Control device

8th

Gas supply pipe

9

Water mass flow sensor

10

Exhaust pipe

11

Temperature sensor

12th

Mixture duct

13th

Heat exchanger

14th

Liquid circuit

15th

Exhaust system

Claims (10)

Method for adapting a control of a heating device (1), wherein the heating device (1) has a conveying device (2) for conveying a fuel-air mixture and a burner (3) for burning the fuel-air mixture, and by means of the The heat generated by the burner (3) can be transferred into a liquid circuit (14) of a building, comprising at least the following steps: a) Operating the heater (1) with a specific, initial drive power of the conveyor (2), b) determining an actual heating output of the heater (2), which is delivered to the liquid circuit (14) at the initial drive output of the conveying device (2), c) Adjusting the control of the heater (1) as a function of the determined actual heating output and a predefined target heating output. Procedure according to Claim 1 , wherein in step c) a specification stored in the controller for the drive power of the conveying device (2) is adapted. Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 , wherein in step a) a fan of the conveying device (2) is operated at a specific, initial speed. Procedure according to Claim 3 , wherein in step c) a specification stored in the controller for the speed of the fan of the conveying device (2) is adapted. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in step b) the actual heating power is determined using sensor data from sensors (6, 9, 11) which are assigned to the liquid circuit (14). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in step b) the actual heating power is determined using an efficiency, the efficiency being determined using sensor data from sensors (6, 11) assigned to the liquid circuit (14). Computer program for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims. Machine-readable storage medium on which the computer program is based Claim 7 is stored. Control device (7) for a heating device (1), the control device (7) for performing a method according to one of the Claims 1 until 6th is provided and set up. Heater (1) with a control device (7) after Claim 9 .

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